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Distr.etc.muststartontheFirstTabforalongsymbolortheSecondfora  shorterone.  ~R(UKUS.,&&&  33+H4+{+b >uQ!XH  ' ++P+{Xb7'   P HRI/CORE/1/Add.45     P page  3    (2~R$ N!UKUS.,  TRX<6&X3' Letter 6&A43'T&&&  33+H4+{+b >uQ!XH   l ~R'UKUS.,&&&  33+H4+{+b >uQ!XH  ' ++P+{Xb7'HRI/CORE/1/Add.45  page  3    (2~R$ N!UKUS.,  TRX<6&X3' Letter 6&A43'T&&&  33+H4+{+b >uQ!XH  ("2!~$ N!UKUS.,  TRX<6&X3' Letter 6&A43'T&&&  33+H4+{+b >uQ!XH  3333/RX&+Ҁ  0  /("2#$ N!UKUS.,  TRX<6&X3' Letter 6&A43'T&&&  33+H4+{+b >uQ!XH  3333/RX&+Ҁ  0  /3|d (zN$UKUS.,  TRX<6&X3' Letter 6&A43'T&&&  33+H4+{+b >uQ!XH dHP LaserJet 4P,,,,,,0!}. Jc.Oru' (IĻU N!UKUS.,  TRX<6&X3' Letter 6&A43'T&&&  33+H4+{+b >uQ!XH  _  R?+?'F dEF ??'QG dEQG ?_ ]MIz|_ p @X@E_X__ & y  UNITED R NATIONS  _OKz|2n ` @X@E?2nJ?2n ]MIz|   p @X@E       y& *??+{Xb7* E +?X]r    Distr. !S     GENERAL  B      _HRI_/CORE/1/Add.45       27July1994        ENGLISH       Original:FRENCH  @  COREDOCUMENTFORMINGPARTOFTHEREPORTSOFSTATESPARTIES Dv @2NIGER "T %%M$[27April1994] 2 H.++b >uQ!??H@+I.LANDANDPEOPLE  1. b Nigerisalandlocked_Sahelian_ԀcountryborderedbytheSahara.  2. b NineethnicgroupsmakeupthepopulationofNiger,whichismostly  Muslim.TheyaretheArabs,_Gurma_,Hausa,_Kanuri_,Fulani,Songhai,Tuareg,   _Tubu_Ԁand_Djerma_.Thelastcensusin1988estimatedthepopulationat x! 7,250,000,50.4percentofwhomarewomen.Thepopulation'smain g " characteristicsarethatitisveryyoung(49percentagedunder15; V!!# 56percentunder20)andtheannualgrowthrateisveryhigh(3.4percent). E"w"$ Theschoolenrolmentrateis27.4percentandonly6percentforgirls.The 4#f#% adultliteracyrateis12.52percent(18percentformenand7percentfor #$U$& women). %D%' 3. b Thepopulationisveryunevenlydistributedthroughoutthenational &"') territory.Theaveragedensityis5.7inhabitants,butitisashighas '(* 27inhabitants/_km2_inthesouth.Themajorityofthepopulationisrural,with ()+ 80percent,asagainst15percentintowns.Lifeexpectancyatbirthis )), 47.7years. **- 4. b Theprimarysector(agriculture,animalhusbandry,forestryand ,,/ fisheries)isthebasisofNiger'seconomy.Itemploysabout85percentof y--0 thepopulationandaccountedfor61.2percentoftheformationofgross h..1 domesticproduct(GDP)in1981and45.8percentin1986.Theuranium W//2 _subsector_Ԁaccountsforabout8percentofGDP. F0x03 _ԇ5. b Asat31August1993,externaldebtservicingamountedto48.95million R for35.599billionindomesticdebt. A ..+GE.9417942(E) .+  /, ЇR}B.++b >uQ!++7B@VV$II.GENERALPOLITICALSTRUCTURE 5 6. b Nigerhashadseveralpoliticalregimeswhichhavenotbeenableto  createthenecessaryconditionsforthepolitical,economic,socialand   culturaldevelopmentofthepeople.   7. b TheSovereignNationalConferenceof29July1991laidthefoundations   forthedemocratizationofthepoliticallifeofthecountryascharacterized  x byamulti-partysystem.TheConstitutionoftheThirdRepublicwasadopted  g  on26December1992.Legislativeandpresidentialelectionswereheldon14 V  and27February1993and27March1993. E  8. b ThecurrentGovernmenthasproclaimeditsattachmenttotheConstitution i#  oftheThirdRepublicand,inparticular,torespectfordemocraticrules;the X  republicanformofgovernment;nationalunityandpan-Africanism;the G protectionoffreedomsandhumanrights;peaceandsecurity;andsocial 6 justiceandsolidarity. % @&III.GENERALLEGALFRAMEWORK  9. b Thejudiciaryisindependentofthelegislatureandtheexecutive.  JudicialpowerisexercisedbytheSupremeCourt,thecourtsandthe  tribunals. y 10. b Justiceinthenationalterritoryisadministeredonbehalfofthepeople W andwithfullrespectfortheruleoflawandtherightsandfreedomofall F citizens. {5 11. b Judgesaresubjectintheexerciseoftheirfunctionsonlytothe Y  authorityofthelaw.ThePresidentoftheRepublicistheguarantorofthe H! independenceofjudges.HeisassistedbytheSupremeJudicialCouncil. 7" 12. b Niger,whichgainedindependencein1960,becameapartytotheUniversal $! DeclarationofHumanRightsin1946andtotheWorldDeclarationonthe %" Survival,ProtectionandDevelopmentofChildreninthe1990s,adoptedbythe % # WorldSummitforChildrenon30September1990. &!$ 13. b Nigeralsoinheritedcoloniallegislationprovidingfortheimprovement (z#& ofthestatusofchildren,suchasa1928decreewhichisstillinforceand )i$' establishedspecialcourtsandasystemofsupervisionforminorsinthe *X%( territoriesadministeredbytheMinistryofFrenchOverseasTerritories. +G&)   |,6'* 14. b Othertextsestablishingmachineryfortheprotectionofminorshavebeen F  adopted.ThemainoneisthePenalCodeanditschaptersonminorsandthe 5 punishmentofcrimesandoffencesagainstchildrenandthefamily,followedby $ theordinancesoncivilstatusandnationalityandsomeprovisionsofthe  LabourCode.   15. b Severalnationalhumanrightsbodieshavebeenestablishedinthecontext   offreedomofassociationasrecognizedandguaranteedbytheConstitution.   TheyincludeDemocracy,FreedomandDevelopment(DLD)andtheHumanRights  x Association(ANDDH).  g  @%IV.INFORMATIONANDPUBLICITY E  16. b FollowingtheSovereignNationalConferenceofrepresentativesofallkey i#  sectorsofthenationwhometfrom29Julyto3November1991,workwasdone X  toprovidethepublicandtheauthoritieswithbetterinformationonthe G rightsembodiedinthevarioushumanrightsinstruments,whichwere 6 disseminatedonradio(Frenchandnationallanguages)andtelevisionandin % newspapers,playsandsongs.  17. b InNiger,thefreedomandindependenceoftheaudiovisualmediaandthe  pressareguaranteedbytheSupremeCommunicationsCouncil,anadministrative  authorityindependentofpoliticalpower.Itmonitorsrespectformedia  ethicsandfairaccessofpoliticalparties,associationsandcitizenstothe y officialinformationandcommunicationsmedia. h @2