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JGeneralAssembly LTYPETHENECESSARYINFORMATIONANDCHANGETHEPOSITIONOFTHETABIFNEEDED.N  <LINE20ISNOWEQUIVALENTTOLINE3.2i.DONOTADDRETURNS.Q("2$ X`b!UKUS.,  TRX3'3'3' Letter3'TXX  +88   fX fXC  $#[C--'882^ X'  ++Ӏ  0  /("2$ X`b!UKUS.,  TRX3'3'3' Letter3'TXX  +88   fX fXC  $#[C--'882^ X'  ++Ӏ  0  /  CRight ParRight-Aligned Paragraph NumbersI.A.1.a.(1)(a)i)a)#|d<6X9`("Courier 12cpid6X@8;@,A.UniversBoldScalablezp?7,A.UniversBoldScalablep?7,A.UniversBoldScalable  p?7 (`b$UKUS.,  TRX3'3'3' Letter3'TXX  +88   fX fXC  $#[C--'882^ X' d# e37=CIQYag1.a.i.(1)(a)(i)1)a)\^)216E.wU X`b!UKUS.,  TRX3'3'3' Letter3'TXX  +88   fX fXC  $ C--'882^ X'  hUKUK.,  TRX3'X3'3' Letter3' LetterTXXXX  ++8888C  $$C--0882^ 882^0    &IUEAz|!X p @ H@E!X!X$ J  $ UNITED X NATIONS  F ?YG' 8hdE8h?&LZJFz ,` @ H@E88&MUEAz|P e*  p @ H@EP *  BP * J  J J* 88p882^*O8hX,,, p Distr. p GENERAL p  p A/48/18 p 15September1993 p  p ORIGINAL:ENGLISHtt?YG' 8HhdE8Hh?  *882 888*LLPR8hFortyeighthsession@" " REPORTOFTHECOMMITTEEONTHEELIMINATIONOF@(RACIALDISCRIMINATION*__________ /T18 P P P   2 *  Thepresentdocumentisamimeographedversionofthereportofthe A CommitteeontheEliminationofRacialDiscrimination.ThefinalreportwillbeissuedasOfficialRecordsoftheGeneralAssembly,FortyeighthSession,  SupplementNo.18(A/48/18).  9350216(E)041093""W#/...  _ @\\/CONTENTS' 88t882' t ParagraphsPage *  .38 8 P"88<3LETTEROFTRANSMITTAL..................................................!!VP"6   I.  ORGANIZATIONALANDRELATEDMATTERS...................HHE110!!VP"8 v   A.  StatespartiestotheInternationalConventionon  H     theEliminationofAllFormsofRacial    Discrimination...................................  F12!!VP"8 r     B.  Sessionsandagenda..............................  F34!!VP"8 D    C.  Membershipandattendance........................  F57!!VP"8     D.  OfficersoftheCommittee........................  I8!!UP"10    E.  CooperationwiththeInternationalLabour b     OrganisationandtheUnitedNationsEducational,    ScientificandCulturalOrganization.............  HHE910!!UP"10 4  II.  ACTIONBYTHEGENERALASSEMBLYATITSFORTYSEVENTH ^   SESSION..............................................D1119!!UP"11 G   A.  AnnualreportsubmittedbytheCommitteeonthe      EliminationofRacialDiscriminationunder    article9,paragraph2,oftheConvention........  ttH12!!UP"11    B.  Effectiveimplementationofinternational e     instrumentsonhumanrights,includingreporting    obligationsunderinternationalinstrumentson    humanrights.....................................  D1319!!UP"12 x   44 III.  CONSIDERATIONOFREPORTS,COMMENTSANDINFORMATION J!"   SUBMITTEDBYSTATESPARTIESUNDERARTICLE9OFTHE  CONVENTION...........................................C20573!!UP"14 # $   A.  StatusofsubmissionofreportsbyStatesparties  D2032!!UP"14 $"&     1. ReportsreceivedbytheCommittee............D2025!!UP"14 &h$(     2. ReportsnotyetreceivedbytheCommittee....ttH26!!UP"16 (:&*     3. ActiontakenbytheCommitteetoensure d* (,      submissionofreportsbyStatesparties......D2732!!UP"25 M+(-   B.  Considerationofreports.........................  C33573!!UP"26 -*/  .+0     Ukraine..........................................  D4265!!UP"27 X     Algeria..........................................  D6685!!UP"31 *     Qatar............................................  D8699!!UP"34      Sudan............................................  B100127!!UP"36 v     Ecuador..........................................  B128146!!UP"40  H @)CONTENTS(continued)3 88t8 8 P"3 t ParagraphsPage D  38 8 P"88<3    CentralAfricanRepublic.........................  B147151!!UP"43       Jamaica..........................................  B152161!!UP"44      Chad.............................................  B162171!!UP"45 b     Mozambique.......................................  B172177!!UP"46 4     Poland...........................................  B178198!!UP"47 ^     RepublicofKorea................................  B199235!!UP"50 0     Zambia...........................................  B236256!!UP"54      IslamicRepublicofIran.........................  B257277!!UP"58 |     HolySee.........................................  B278305!!UP"62 N     Nigeria..........................................  B306329!!UP"65 x       VietNam.........................................  B330358!!UP"69 J!"     Kuwait...........................................  B359381!!UP"72 # $     UnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandNorthern    Ireland..........................................  B382425!!UP"76 %#'     Germany..........................................  B426452!!UP"84 'Q%)     BosniaandHerzegovina...........................  B453473!!UP"89 {)#'+     Croatia..........................................  B474508!!UP"92 M+(-     FederalRepublicofYugoslavia(Serbiaand    Montenegro)......................................  B509547!!UP"97 .+0 Ї    Tonga............................................  B548559$!$!TP"103 X     PapuaNewGuinea.................................  B560573$!$!TP"104 *  IV.  CONSIDERATIONOFCOMMUNICATIONSUNDERARTICLE14OF    THECONVENTION.......................................B574584$!$!TP"107   V.  CONSIDERATIONOFCOPIESOFPETITIONS,COPIESOF _   REPORTSANDOTHERINFORMATIONRELATINGTOTRUSTAND  NONSELFGOVERNINGTERRITORIESANDTOALLOTHER  TERRITORIESTOWHICHGENERALASSEMBLYRESOLUTION  1514(XV)APPLIES,INCONFORMITYWITHARTICLE15OF  THECONVENTION.......................................B585588$!$!TP"109 D   VI.  SECONDDECADETOCOMBATRACISMANDRACIAL     DISCRIMINATION.......................................B589595$!$!TP"110   44 VII.  WORLDCONFERENCEONHUMANRIGHTS.....................B596601$!$!TP"111 y @)CONTENTS(continued)3 88t8 8 P"3 t Page u 38 8 P"88<3B88,  P"8 8 P"BVIII.  DECISIONSANDGENERALRECOMMENDATIONSADOPTEDBYTHECOMMITTEE G ,,,  ATITSFORTYSECONDSESSION.....................................$!$!TP"113 0 688  P"88, P"6  A.  Decisions...................................................113      1.  FurtherinformationrequestedfromcertainStatesofthe |       formerYugoslavia.......................................$!$!TP"113 e   B.  GeneralRecommendations.....................................$!$!TP"113 7     GeneralRecommendationXI(42)onnoncitizens..............$!$!TP"113 a !     GeneralRecommendationXII(42)onsuccessorStates.........$!$!TP"114 3"#     GeneralRecommendationXIII(42)onthetrainingoflaw    enforcementofficialsintheprotectionofhumanrights.....$!$!TP"114 $"&     GeneralRecommendationXIV(42)onarticle1,paragraph1,of    theConvention..............................................$!$!TP"115 'Q%)     GeneralRecommendationXV(42)onarticle4ofthèConvention..................................................$!$!TP"115 d* (,     GeneralRecommendationXVI(42)concerningtheapplicationof    article9oftheConvention.................................$!$!TP"116 -*/  .+0     GeneralRecommendationXVII(42)ontheestablishmentof    nationalinstitutionstofacilitatetheimplementationofthe    Convention..................................................$!$!TP"117 * @0Annexes  688,  P"88 P"6dd ,I.  A.StatespartiestotheInternationalConventiononthe v ,,,    EliminationofAllFormsofRacialDiscrimination(137),as,,,    at20August1993...........................................$!$!TP"119  H ,,,  B.  Statespartiesthathavemadethedeclarationunder r   ,,,    article14,paragraph1,oftheConvention(18).............$!$!TP"123 [    ,II.  Agendasofthefortysecondandfortythirdsessions............$!$!TP"124 -  ,,,  A.  Fortysecondsession........................................$!$!TP"124   ,,,  B.  Fortythirdsession.........................................$!$!TP"124 y  ,III.  Preventionofracialdiscrimination,includingearlywarningand K ,,,  urgentprocedures:workingpaperadoptedbytheCommitteeonthe,,,  EliminationofRacialDiscrimination............................$!$!TP"126 u  ,IV.  OpinionoftheCommitteeontheEliminationofRacial G ,,,  Discrimination..................................................$!$!TP"131 0 dd ,V.  Amendedrulesofprocedure......................................$!$!TP"138   ,VI.  LettertotheSecretaryGeneral.................................$!$!TP"141 | @)CONTENTS(continued)* 88t88, P"* t Page x   38 8 P"88<3B88,  P"8 8 P"BӀVII.  LettertotheChairmanoftheCommissiononHumanRights.......$!$!TP"142 J!" VIII.  Listofdocumentsissuedforthefortysecondandfortythird # $ ,,,  sessionsoftheCommittee......................................$!$!TP"144 $!% ̀IX.  DocumentsreceivedbytheCommitteeontheEliminationofRacial %#' ,,,  Discriminationatitsfortysecondandfortythirdsessions,,,,  pursuanttodecisionsoftheTrusteeshipCouncilandtheSpecial,,,  CommitteeontheSituationwithregardtotheImplementationof,,,  theDeclarationontheGrantingofIndependencetoColonial,,,  CountriesandPeoples,inconformitywitharticle15ofthe,,,  Convention.....................................................$!$!TP"148 M+(- ̀X.  CountryrapporteursforreportsconsideredbytheCommitteeat -*/ ,,,  itsfortysecondandfortythirdsessions......................$!$!TP"149 .+0 Ї  X 3882^ 88, P"3@)LETTEROFTRANSMITTAL X ((M#20August1993Sir, 2 Theperiod19921993hasbeenbesmirchedbynewevidenceofhorrifichumanrightsabusesstimulatedbyracialandethnichatred.ThesenewabusesarefurtherexamplesofracialdiscriminationasthisisdefinedinthefirstarticleoftheInternationalConventionontheEliminationofAllFormsofRacialDiscrimination.YettheyareabusesofadifferentkindfromthoseenvisagedwhentheConventionwasadoptedin1965.TheCommitteebelievesitimportanttocallattentiontosomeofthemajorchangesithasobserved,notleastbecausesomeresolutionsadoptedbyUnitedNationsbodiescontinuetoemployphrasesthatwereappropriateintheresolutionsofthe1960sandtousetheconceptsofthateraevenwhentheyarenotthemostrelevantforaddressingthenewcircumstances. 2 Theformsofracialdiscriminationwhichinthe1960swereregardedasmostabhorrentwerethoseofdiscriminationbywhitesagainstblacks.Racialdiscriminationwasfrequentlydescribedascausedbythedisseminationofdoctrinesofracialsuperioritybytheinstitutionsofcolonialruleandbythepoliciesofracistregimes.Theinternationalcommunitycouldcountertheseabusesbypoliticalmeansandinthiswayracialdiscriminationcouldbeeliminated. 2 In1993wecontemplatethesuccessofpoliciesinitiatedinthe1960s.Thestruggleagainstcolonialruleandracistregimeshasbeensuccessfuleveniftheconsequencesofapartheidwillcontinuetogivetroubleforalongtime.Newchallengesstartedtoemergeattheendofthe1980swiththedisintegrationofsomeofthelargerpoliticalstructures,particularlyineasternEurope,andtheweakeningofsomestructuresinotherregions.ItisworthrecallingthatinthelastcensusintheformerYugoslaviaover1millionpersonsdidnotregistertheirmembershipinanynationalminoritybutcountedthemselvesassimplyYugoslavs.Sincethattime,manyofthemhavebeenforcedbyconsiderationsofpersonalsecuritytoalignthemselvesethnically. 2 WiththedissolutionoftheSovietUnionandotherstructures,somewidersolidaritieshavebeengravelyweakened,exposingethnicminoritiestopressurefromnarrownationalisticcampaigns.Politicalmovementshaverevivedoldclaimstoterritoryandincitedethnichatredagainstpersonsofdifferentorigin.Rapidpopulationgrowth,coincidingwitharecessioninworldtradeandtheintroductionofnewtechnology,haschangedthebalancebetweenthesupplyoflabourandthedemandforit.Increasedcompetitionforemploymentgeneratesethnictensionsinsomeregions,whileelsewheretheweakeningofpublicorderhashadcomparableeffects.Asaresult,racialorethnicconflictsareappearinginareaspreviouslycharacterizedbytolerance.Theseformsofdiscriminationspringnotfromanybeliefinracialsuperioritybutfromasense .+0 ofdifference.Whenaconflictbecomesacuteitisonlywithmembersoftheirownethnicgroupthatpeoplefeelsecure. 2 Manyoftheseconfrontationshaveledtomassivehumanrightsviolations.TheCommitteecanlookforsignsofimpendingbreakdownandhasadoptedaprocedurefordrawinganysuchsignstoyourattention.RespondingtothenewHisExcellencyMr.BoutrosBoutrosGhaliSecretaryGeneraloftheUnitedNationsNewYork   1  challenges,theCommitteeisbroadeningitshorizonsinstepwithotherorgansoftheUnitedNations.ItisactingontheinvitationoftheGeneralAssemblytogivedueregardtotheDeclarationontheRightsofPersonsBelongingtoNationalorEthnic,ReligiousandLinguisticMinorities.ItismindfuloftheproclamationoftheInternationalYearoftheWorld'sIndigenousPeople.ItwillhelpimplementtheViennaDeclarationandProgrammeofActionadoptedbytheWorldConferenceonHumanRightsandwillcontributetotheprogrammeofthethirddecadetocombatracismandracialdiscrimination.Itisworkingmorecloselywiththeothertreatybodiestopromotethemoreeffectivefunctioningofthehumanrightstreatysystem. 2 1993hasbeenanimportantyearfortheCommitteeontheEliminationofRacialDiscriminationbecauseofthestepsyouhavetakentoresolvetheCommittee'sfinancialproblems,enablingustoresumeourestablishedcycleofmeetings.TheCommitteeinterpretsyouractionasasignofconfidenceinitswork.ItdrawsparticularattentiontotheinitiativesithastakeninrespectoftheStatesoftheformerYugoslaviaandtoitsstatementthatitwillinnowayencouragetrendsforseparatismorsecession.Inaddition,paragraphs33to40ofthepresentreportdescribeimportantstepstakentoimprovetheCommittee'sworkingmethods,itsdialoguewithStatesparties,itsadoptionofsevenGeneralRecommendationsandthepreliminaryconsiderationithasgiventoothers. 2 Accept,Sir,theassurancesofmyhighestconsideration.7#(Signed)LuisValenciaRodriguez  I#Chairman?#CommitteeontheEliminationxxA#ofRacialDiscrimination  7 ЀI.ORGANIZATIONALANDRELATEDMATTERS 2  ^ A.StatespartiestotheInternationalConventiononthe   2  ^   EliminationofAllFormsofRacialDiscrimination  1. 2 Asat20August1993,theclosingdateoftheforty-thirdsessionofthe v CommitteeontheEliminationofRacialDiscrimination,therewere137StatespartiestotheInternationalConventionontheEliminationofAllFormsofRacialDiscrimination,whichwasadoptedbytheGeneralAssemblyinresolution2106A(XX)of21December1965andopenedforsignatureandratificationinNewYorkon7March1966.TheConventionenteredintoforceon4January1969inaccordancewiththeprovisionsofitsarticle19.2. 2 Bytheclosingdateoftheforty-thirdsession,18ofthe137States   partiestotheConventionhadmadethedeclarationenvisagedinarticle14,paragraph1,oftheConvention.Article14oftheConventionenteredintoforceon3December1982,followingthedepositwiththeSecretary-GeneralofthetenthdeclarationrecognizingthecompetenceoftheCommitteetoreceiveandconsidercommunicationsfromindividualsorgroupsofindividualswhoclaimtobevictimsofaviolationbytheStatepartyconcernedofanyoftherightssetforthintheConvention.ListsofStatespartiestotheConventionandofthosewhichhavemadethedeclarationunderarticle14arecontainedinannexItothepresentreport.̀B.Sessionsandagenda  3. 2 TheCommitteeontheEliminationofRacialDiscriminationheldtworegular | sessionsin1993.Theforty-second(957th-984thmeetings)andforty-third(985th-1012thmeetings)sessionswereheldattheUnitedNationsOfficeatGenevafrom1to19Marchandfrom2to20August1993,respectively.4. 2 Theagendasoftheforty-secondandforty-thirdsessions,asadoptedbythe a ! Committee,arereproducedinannexII.̀C.Membershipandattendance $!% 5. 2 Inaccordancewiththeprovisionsofarticle8oftheConvention,the %#' Statespartiesheldtheir14thmeetingatUnitedNationsHeadquarterson15January19921/andelectedninemembersoftheCommitteefromamongthe 'Q%) candidatesnominatedtoreplacethosewhosetermofofficewasduetoexpireon19January1992.  d* (, 6. 2 ThelistofmembersoftheCommitteefor1992-1993,includingthoseelected X orre-electedon15January1992,isasfollows:2(8 82^ HP22 .2^ .^ . .  .H .HCountryof .P .P .TermexpiresNameofMember .  .H .HNationality .P .P .on19JanuaryMr.MamoudABOUL-NASR .H .HEgypt . .P .P . .1994Mr.HamzatAHMADU .H .HNigeria .P .P . .1994Mr.MichaelParkerBANTON .H .HUnitedKingdomofP .P . .19942 .2GreatBritainand2 .2NorthernIrelandMr.TheodoorvanBOVEN* .H .HNetherlands .P .P . .1996Mr.IonDIACONU* .H .HRomania .P .P . .1996Mr.EduardoFERREROCOSTA** .H .HPeru . .P .P . .1996Mr.IvanGARVALOV** .H .HBulgaria .P .P . .1996Mr.RgisdeGOUTTES .H .HFrance .P .P . .1994Mr.GeorgeO.LAMPTEY .H .HGhana . .P .P . .1994Mr.CarlosLECHUGAHEVIA .H .HCuba . .P .P . .1994Mr.YuriA.RECHETOV** .H .HRussianFederation . .1996̆Mrs.ShantiSADIQALI** .H .HIndia . .P .P . .1996Mr.AghaSHAHI .  .H .HPakistan .P .P . . . . .1994Mr.MichaelE.SHERIFIS .H .HCyprus .P .P . .1994Mr.SONGShuhua** .H .HChina . .P .P . .1996Mr.LuisVALENCIARODRIGUEZ* .H .HEcuador .P .P . .1996Mr.RdigerWOLFRUM .H .HGermany .P .P . .1994Mr.MarioJorgeYUTZIS** .H .HArgentina .P .P . .1996򀀀2 .2*Electedon15January1992.2 .2**Re-electedon15January1992.+882^ 882 7.2 .2AllmembersoftheCommitteeexceptMr.Ahmaduattendedthefortysecondsession.Duringthefortythirdsession,allmembersexceptMr.Sherifiswereinattendance.@ .BD.OfficersoftheCommittee8.2 .2Theofficerselectedatthefortyfirstsessionforatermoftwoyears,inaccordancewitharticle10,paragraph2,oftheConvention,continuedtoserveatthefortysecondandfortythirdsessions.TheofficersoftheCommitteeareasfollows:2 .2Chairman:Mr.LuisVALENCIARODRIGUEZ2 .2ViceChairmen:882 r Mr.HamzatAHMADU2 .2 . . r .r Mr.IonDIACONU2 .2 . . r .r Mrs.ShantiSADIQALI2 .2Rapporteur:Mr.MichaelParkerBANTON2 .2 .E.CooperationwiththeInternationalLabourOrganisation2 .2 .andtheUnitedNationsEducational,Scientificand2 .2 .CulturalOrganization9.2 .2InaccordancewithCommitteedecision2(VI)of21August1972concerningcooperationwiththeInternationalLabourOrganisation(ILO)andtheUnitedNationsEducational,ScientificandCulturalOrganization(UNESCO),2/bothorganizationswereinvitedtoattendthesessionsoftheCommittee.10.2 .2Atthefortythirdsession,thereportoftheILOCommitteeofExpertsontheApplicationofConventionsandRecommendations,submittedtotheInternationalLabourConferenceatitseightiethsession,wasmadeavailabletothemembersoftheCommitteeontheEliminationofRacialDiscrimination,inaccordancewitharrangementsforcooperationbetweenthetwoCommittees.TheCommitteetooknotewithappreciationofthereportoftheCommitteeofExperts,inparticularofthosesectionswhichdealtwiththeapplicationoftheDiscrimination(EmploymentandOccupation)Convention,1958(No.111)andtheIndigenousandTribalPopulationsConvention,1957(No.107),aswellasotherinformationinthereportrelevanttoitsactivities.2 .2 .II.ACTIONBYTHEGENERALASSEMBLYATITSFORTYSEVENTH2 .2 .SESSION11.2 .2TheCommitteeconsideredthisitematits960th,961st,963rd,974th,975thand979thmeetings,heldon3,4,12and16March1993.Foritsconsiderationofthisitem,theCommitteehadbeforeitthefollowingdocuments:2 .2(a) .NotebytheSecretaryGeneralcontainingthereportofthefourthmeetingofpersonschairingthehumanrightstreatybodies,heldinGenevafrom12to16October1992(A/47/628);2 .2(b) .ReportoftheSecretaryGeneralonthefinancialsituationoftheCommitteeontheEliminationofRacialDiscrimination(A/47/481);2 .2(c) .ReportoftheSecretaryGeneralontheimplicationsofprovidingfullfundingfortheoperationofallhumanrightstreatybodies(A/47/518);2 .2(d) .ReportsoftheThirdCommittee(A/47/658andA/47/678/Add.1);2 .2(e) .RelevantsummaryrecordsoftheThirdCommittee(A/C.3/47/SR.310,13,16,20,25,30,40,4245,48,49and52);2 .2(f) .GeneralAssemblyresolutions47/79and47/111;2 .2(g) .Workingpaper,adoptedbytheCommitteeontheEliminationofRacialDiscrimination,onpreventionofracialdiscrimination,includingearlywarningandurgentprocedures(CERD/C/1993/Misc.1/Rev.2);2 .2(h) .Noteondraftproceduresregardingthepreventionofracialdiscrimination,includingearlywarningandurgentprocedures(CERD/C/43/Misc.3);2 .2(i) .NotebytheSecretariattransmittingtheinterimreportonthestudyonenhancingthelongtermeffectivenessofthehumanrightstreatyregime(A/CONF.157/PC/62/Add.11/Rev.1).2 .2 . . A.AnnualreportsubmittedbytheCommitteeonthe2 .2 .EliminationofRacialDiscriminationunder2 .2 .article9,paragraph2,oftheConvention12.2 .2Inhisintroductionofsubitem(a)ofthisagendaitem,theRapporteuroftheCommitteeobservedthatalargenumberofdelegationsattheGeneralAssemblyhadexpressedconcernoverthecriticalfinancialsituationoftheCommittee.Asaresult,therehadbeenwidesupportfortheproposedamendmenttotheConventionthatallfundingfortheCommitteeshouldbeprovidedfromtheregularbudgetoftheUnitedNations.ItwasparticularlyimportantthatStatespartiesnotifytheSecretaryGeneraloftheiracceptanceoftheproposedamendmentwithoutdelaysothattheCommittee'smeetingschedulewouldnotbesubjecttofurtherdisruption.ManydelegationshadalsoexpressedsupportfortheworkoftheCommitteeandhadwelcomedthenewdynamismwithwhichtheCommitteewasmonitoringtheimplementationoftheConvention.2 .2 .B.Effectiveimplementationofinternationalinstruments2 .2 .onhumanrights,includingreportingobligations2 .2 .underinternationalinstrumentsonhumanrights13.2 .2Atthe960thmeeting,theChairmanoftheCommitteeintroducedthereportofthefourthmeetingofpersonschairingthehumanrightstreatybodies(A/47/628),whichhadbeenheldatGenevafrom12to16October1992.AttentionwasdrawntoanumberofconclusionsandrecommendationscontainedinthereportwhichhaddirectimplicationsfortheworkoftheCommittee,suchastheneedforadequatesecretariatresourcesforservicingthetreatybodies;thenumber,natureandscopeofreservationstotheConvention;and,inparticular,thelackofaresourceroomwhereinformationrelevanttotheworkoftheCommitteewouldbeavailableforconsultationbymembers.Additionally,membersemphasizedtheneedtoencouragewiderratificationoftheConvention,particularlyinregardtopossiblesuccessorStatestoformerStatesparties.Cooperationwiththespecialrapporteuroncontemporaryformsofracism,racialdiscriminationandxenophobiaandrelatedformsofintolerance14.2 .2MembersalsodiscussedwaysinwhichtheCommitteemightbettercoordinateitsworkwithotherhumanrightsbodiesandmechanismswithaviewtostrengtheningtheimpactandeffectivenessofinternationalactiontocombatracismandracialdiscrimination.Inthatconnection,attentionwasdrawntotherecentresolutionoftheCommissiononHumanRightsontheappointmentofaspecialrapporteuroncontemporaryformsofracism,racialdiscriminationandxenophobiaandrelatedformsofintolerance.MembersemphasizedtheimportanceofsharingwiththespecialrapporteurtheCommittee'sexperienceanddocumentationinanefforttodevelopeffectiveandmutuallybeneficialmethodsofconsultationandcooperation.Subsequently,theCommitteedecidedtorequestitsChairmantosendalettertotheChairmanoftheCommissiononHumanRightsinforminghimoftheCommittee'sreadinesstocooperatewiththespecialrapporteurinmattersofcommonconcernandcommonresponsibility.(Forthetextoftheletter,seeannexVIItothepresentreport.)Preventiveaction,includingearlywarningandurgentprocedures15.2 .2MembersnotedwithparticularinteresttheconclusionsandrecommendationsofthemeetingofchairpersonsconcerningtheroleoftheSecurityCouncilandthedevelopmentofeffectiveresponsestoemergencysituations(A/47/628,paras.4245).Inthisregard,themeetingofchairpersonshadconcludedthat,02 .2"...thetreatybodieshaveanimportantroleinseekingtopreventaswellastorespondtohumanrightsviolations.Itisthusappropriateforeachtreatybodytoundertakeanurgentexaminationofallpossiblemeasuresthatitmighttake,withinitscompetence,bothtopreventhumanrightsviolationsfromoccurringandtomonitormorecloselyemergencysituationsofallkindsarisingwithinthejurisdictionofStatesparties.Whereproceduralinnovationsarerequiredforthispurpose,theyshouldbeconsideredassoonaspossible."(A/47/628,para.44).16.2 .2MembersoftheCommitteealsoreferredtoparagraphs38and39ofthereportofthemeetingofchairpersons,whereinthechairpersonshadagreedthatitwouldbeusefultoexaminehowviolationsofhumanrightscouldbeeffectivelyprevented.Inthatregard,thechairpersonshadrecommendedthatthetreatybodiesshouldgivefurtherconsiderationtothesubjectandexpressedtheneedforurgentactioninordertomonitoremergencysituations.MemberspointedoutthattheSecretaryGeneralhademphasizedtheprimaryimportanceofpreventinghumanrightsviolationsbeforetheyoccurred(A/47/628)andtheneedtoidentify,attheearliestpossiblestage,situationsthatcouldproduceconflict(A/47/277).17.2 .2Asaresultofthediscussion,theCommitteedecided,atits961stmeeting,toestablishanopenendedworkinggrouponpossiblemeasurestobetakeninordertoprevent,aswellasrespondto,violationsoftheConventionanddesignatedoneofitsmembers,Mr.RgisdeGouttes,ascoordinatorofthegroup.18.2 .2Atthe974thmeeting,Mr.deGouttesintroducedtheworkinggroup'spaperonpreventionofracialdiscrimination,includingearlywarningandurgentprocedureswhich,afterdetaileddiscussion,theCommitteeadoptedatits979thmeetingtoguideitinitsfuturework.(Forthetextoftheworkingpaper,seeannexIIItothepresentreport).Inthatconnection,theCommitteealsorequesteditsChairmantosendalettertotheSecretaryGeneralbringingtohisattentiontheworkingpaperanditsrelevancetotheobservationsandrecommendationscontainedinhisreportontheworkoftheOrganization(A/47/1)and"AnAgendaforPeace"(A/47/277).(Forthetextoftheletter,seeannexVItothepresentreport.)19.2 .2Pursuanttoparagraph12oftheworkingpaperonpreventiveaction,theCommitteescheduledforconsiderationatitsfortythirdsessionpossibleamendmentstoitsrulesofprocedurewithaviewtoimplementingthemeasurescontainedinthepaper.However,owingtothelackoftime,considerationofthoseamendmentswaspostponedtothefortyfourthsession.2 .2 .III.CONSIDERATIONOFREPORTS,COMMENTSANDINFORMATION2 .2 . . SUBMITTEDBYSTATESPARTIESUNDERARTICLE9OFTHE2 .2 . . CONVENTION@ . A.StatusofsubmissionofreportsbyStatesparties@ . 1.ReportsreceivedbytheCommittee20.2 .2FromtheestablishmentoftheCommitteeontheEliminationofRacialDiscriminationuntiltheclosingdateofitsfortythirdsession(20August1993),atotalof1,257reportsunderarticle9,paragraph1,oftheConventionwereduefromStatesparties,asfollows:134initialreports,131secondperiodicreports,128thirdperiodicreports,144fourthperiodicreports,124fifthperiodicreports,115sixthperiodicreports,108seventhperiodicreports,100eighthperiodicreports,89ninthperiodicreports,81tenthperiodicreports,64eleventhperiodicreportsand39twelfthperiodicreports.21.2 .2Bytheendofthefortythirdsessionatotalof913reportshadbeenreceivedbytheCommitteeasfollows:121initialreports,112secondperiodicreports,109thirdperiodicreports,102fourthperiodicreports,94fifthperiodicreports,85sixthperiodicreports,78seventhperiodicreports,67eighthperiodicreports,59ninthperiodicreports,46tenthperiodicreports,27eleventhperiodicreportsand13twelfthperiodicreports.22.2 .2Inaddition,76supplementaryreportswerereceivedfromtheStatesparties,submittedeitherontheinitiativeoftheStatespartiesconcernedorattherequestoftheCommittee.23.2 .2Duringtheperiodunderreview,i.e.,betweentheclosingdatesoftheCommittee'sfortyfirstandfortythirdsessions(14August1992and20August1993)62reportswerereceivedbytheCommittee:1secondperiodicreport,1thirdperiodicreport,1fourthperiodicreport,2fifthperiodicreports,2sixthperiodicreports,3seventhperiodicreports,4eighthperiodicreports,9ninthperiodicreports,13tenthperiodicreports,16eleventhperiodicreportsand10twelfthperiodicreports.24.2 .2Therelevantinformationconcerningallreportsreceivedduringtheperiodunderreviewissetoutintable1.25.2 .2Themajorityofthereportsreceivedduringtheperiodunderreviewwerenotsubmittedontimeorbeforethedeadlineprovidedforunderarticle9,paragraph1,oftheConvention.Theyweresubmittedafteradelayrangingfromafewweekstoseveralyears.ǀTable1.Reportsreceivedduringtheperiodunderrevieẁ(14August1992to20August1993)88  .  .Dateonwhichthe󀀀 .DateonwhichtheStateparty . Typeofreport .reportwasdue .reportwassubmittedBosniaandHerzegovina . Specialreport .31July1993 .29July1993Canada . Eleventhreport .15November1991 .5November1992Croatia . Specialreport .31July1993 .4August1993Egypt . Eleventhreport .5January1990 .10August1993 . Twelfthreport .5January1992 .10August1993France . Ninthreport .27August1988 .28May1993 . Tenthreport .27August1990 .28May1993 . Eleventhreport .27August1992 .28May1993Germany . Eleventhreport .15June1990 .3February1993 . Twelfthreport .15June1992 .3February1993HolySee . Eleventhreport .31May1990 .25January1993 . Twelfthreport .31May1992 .25January1993Iceland . Tenthreport .4January1988 .4May1993 . Eleventhreport .4January1990 .4May1993 . Twelfthreport .4January1992 .4May1993Iran(IslamicRepublicof) . Ninthreport .4January1986 .11February1993 . Tenthreport .4January1988 .11February1993 . Eleventhreport .4January1990 .11February1993 . Twelfthreport .4January1992 .11February1993Italy . Eighthreport .4February1991 .9August1993 . Ninthreport .4February1993 .9August1993Kuwait . Tenthreport .5January1988 .11January1993 . Eleventhreport .5January1990 .11January1993 . Twelfthreport .5January1992 .11January1993Luxembourg . Sixthreport .31May1989 .8April1993 . Seventhreport .31May1991 .8April1993Morocco . Ninthreport .17January1988 .22April1993 . Tenthreport .17January1990 .22April1993 . Eleventhreport .17January1992 .22April1993Nigeria . Tenthreport .4January1988 .2March1993 . Eleventhreport .4January1990 .2March1993 . Twelfthreport .4January1992 .2March1993Norway . Tenthreport .5September1989 .3March1993 . Eleventhreport .5September1991 .3March1993Qatar . Eighthreport .16May1991 .26August199288  .  .Dateonwhichthe󀀀 .DateonwhichtheStateparty . Typeofreport .reportwasdue .reportwassubmittedRomania . Ninthreport .14October1987 .30June1993 . Tenthreport .14October1989 .30June1993 . Eleventhreport .14October1991 .30June1993Senegal . Ninthreport .19May1989 .17March1993 . Tenthreport .19May1991 .17March1993Spain . Tenthreport .4January1988 .29March1993 . Eleventhreport .4January1990 .29March1993 . Twelfthreport .4January1992 .29March1993Sudan . Fifthreport .20April1986 .25January1993 . Sixthreport .20April1988 .25January1993 . Seventhreport .20April1990 .25January1993 . Eighthreport .20April1992 .25January1993Sweden . Eleventhreport .5January1993 .23December1992Tonga . Ninthreport .17March1989 .7January1993 . Tenthreport .17March1991 .7January1993Tunisia . Ninthreport .4January1986 .6April1993 . Tenthreport .4January1988 .6April1993 . Eleventhreport .4January1990 .6April1993 . Twelfthreport .4January1992 .6April1993UnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandNorthernIreland . Twelfthreport .25October1992 .13October1992VietNam . Secondreport .9July1985 .15March1993 . Thirdreport .9July1987 .15March1993 . Fourthreport .9July1989 .15March1993 . Fifthreport .9July1991 .15March1993Yugoslavia(SerbiaandMontenegro),FederalRepublicof . Specialreport .31July1993 .2August1993Zambia . Seventhreport .5March1985 .22February1993 . Eighthreport .5March1987 .22February1993 . Ninthreport .5March1989 .22February1993 . Tenthreport .5March1991 .22February1993 . Eleventhreport .5March1993 .22February1993882^ 882 @ ." 2.ReportsnotyetreceivedbytheCommittee26.2 .2Bytheclosingdateoftheforty-thirdsessionoftheCommittee,324reportsexpectedfrom107Statespartiesbeforethatdatehadnotyetbeenreceived.Theycomprised13initialreports,19secondperiodicreports,19thirdperiodicreports,22fourthperiodicreports,30fifthperiodicreports,30sixthperiodicreports,30seventhperiodicreports,33eighthperiodicreports,30ninthperiodicreports,35tenthperiodicreports,37eleventhperiodicreportsand26twelfthperiodicreports.Inaddition,onesupplementaryreportrequestedbytheCommitteewasnotreceived.Therelevantinformationonthosereportsissetoutintable2.̀Table2.Reportswhichwereduebeforetheclosingdateofthèforty-thirdsession(20August1993)buthavenotyet̀beenreceived88l l .l  .Dateonwhichthe󀀀 .NumberofStatepartyl .l Typeofreport .reportwasdue .reminderssentSierraLeonel .l Fourthreport .5January1976 . .23l .l Fifthreport .5January1978 . .19l .l Sixthreport .5January1980 . .17l .l Seventhreport .5January1982 . .13l .l Eighthreport .5January1984 . .9l .l Ninthreport .5January1986 . .5l .l Tenthreport .5January1988 . .2l .l Eleventhreport .5January1990 . .2l .l Twelfth