WPC& 9$qӌHzMEРđykGCRWl+e~vN9+Σ Uuf~`v L?-D/X*"~P]:/e+ gN$p,zK_ ]_fF2K`;|LpNj8 40XIv(i<♢Jtv>RNk,I9bnn5`W4BϮl$b·{mRP[[>O"s39_g=* ]Ę,,`)@I`]!n3<]0mB%[BBPfkpVjmtNҼn-/ЖbT۳[MĀX(jH [>P؇sÒm(T)XJ?ےɎۄ7QAIsSs?aY,iÂ\^}͎P+Ӳ$xr*Fx*nW -E=Vtz|W^BZU N % 0U>fUBFa^Br@6"1 w=oA4AU>UfadE 0P 1ujߪ py A  0 B D- 0K٣$ m ٨ 0 Ǯ Ϯ׮  U> 0cڵڵ= 0KD# 0KgNb BIͺ B*@%`O/_ B*] d'HB=S6a0saO6QL/o`J 1k 0C. 0ApZ02+:]Q H R;L+=lB)k8+cQ~(  !Cr"r"1#####################################################################################################$ 72&N&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&&^ &(9 Z 6Times New Roman RegularX($+}RX?XXXPXX?UKUS.,    <( 9Z &Courier Regular.` A*Univers (W1) Bolda:\logo.wptTABLE Bg:\wpwin\template\logo\loghr.wptC:\APPS\WP\#UNLOGO.WPG  }   ' ,D'+X XXX7XX UKUS.,   __HRI_/MC/1998/6  page  2    WPC  519@0\0 ,, <y}vH794?7463 52 51 40403/2/2.1.1- 0-0~-`0,/~,x /~+< .~ . .~ -~ 8`<-~ -~` <<,  ,~ 0x<,  +~ pp+~  x0  +  +~ *~` p8*  *~ p)~ `@)~8 0)~0  ` )~@@  )~ (~ p(~` 0@? 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(  ?   q?   ?       ?   ?!33 ?!)~   (('?''&&?%%?%$$ # ?# ?# ? ? ???   ?  - -? ?- ~, `, ?, , , , ~+8+  ~+ ` ~.`  0+  *?  *!*!* "* #*3~)6)?3)3)3)?3)3)3)2(?2(2(2(?2~( @2~+@2(2~*J~@1(?1(1~*1~*`1~(@4~(01(1)1A0~A3A?0~A3~D 0A?0B0B1B1B1v)BOlePartOlePres000K-QZ`- j  ZQ  0 jC 00(0,C????????????(?0?????????? ??0?????????????||???<0?<? ??@?~?<??} ~????~??8??9?;@???0xx ?? ~?????????~?@?? ?@>?????x>???x~??x|??x?x??y0`?yo|y~???g????????????? ???~??>????~>???~~?|??~?0?????x?> ?>~|?>8~<?>p}<?>?q?>?<@??>?<??|?|?~|???|x|?C=??|x|??x8|?8?<|?8`?>8~??||?>??  ? | x?~x???~|??p?<|?x?8~?88??<@x<@x<|x?p~?p?o?8o? O?x O?< ?0'~~??~??? ?  ?ALJ?ǃ??? ?? ?8???|?? ??>?p?~s???a?|?<?>>??????????????~?<? >?>>??`>~?????C????O?>?<???x@?<`?p<p?<|?|~|???x???<?x?x??>????~???????????????@?ࡱ;  METAFILEPICTQh-QZ j  ZQ  0 jC 00(0,C????????????(?0?????????? ??0?????????????||???<0?<? ??@?~?<??} ~????~??8??9?;@???0xx ?? ~?????????~?@?? ?@>?????x>???x~??x|??x?x??y0`?yo|y~???g????????????? ???~??>????~>???~~?|??~?0?????x?> ?>~|?>8~<?>p}<?>?q?>?<@??>?<??|?|?~|???|x|?C=??|x|??x8|?8?<|?8`?>8~??||?>??  ? | x?~x???~|??p?<|?x?8~?88??<@x<@x<|x?p~?p?o?8o? O?x O?< ?0'~~??~??? ?  ?ALJ?ǃ??? ?? ?8???|?? ??>?p?~s???a?|?<?>>??????????????~?<? >?>>??`>~?????C????O?>?<???x@?<`?p<p?<|?|~|???x???<?x?x??>????~???????????????@?9805357final $ ' $HRI/MC/1998/60bw .38    D#X XXX7XX UKUS.,   _% $# I&mage <=8C HKKKK(3D$ !+}X XXX7XX UKUS.,      d)!dxdx( $ Figure  1  Level 1Level 2Level 3Level 4Level 5' 9%+X XXX7XX UKUS.,    22  .  _A/CONF.157/PC/62/Add.11/Rev.1,paras.156M163.U  9%+X XXX7XX UKUS.,    23  .  _ECOSOCagreedconclusions1997/2emphasizethecontinuingrelevanceofa  dualstrategyforachievinggenderequality.Ontherelevanceofgenderin ZZ internationalhumanrightslawandpracticeseeAndrewByrnes,Women,Feminism "" andInternationalHumanRightsLawMMethodologicalMyopia,FundamentalFlaws  orMeaningful_Marginalization_?,TheAustralianYearbookofInternationalLaw,  vol.12,1992.  9%+X XXX7XX UKUS.,    24  .  _Thereisnowanextensivebodyofwritingavailableongender    _mainstreaming_.TheDivisionfortheAdvancementofWomenhaspreparedan  annotatedbibliographyongender_mainstreaming_Ԁincludingintheareaof  humanrights,availableonitsWebsite:http://www.un.org/womenwatch/daw). bb Seealso:Gender_mainstreaming_:conceptualframework,methodologyand ** presentationofgoodpractices.FinalreportofactivitiesoftheGroup  ofSpecialistson_Mainstreaming_,CouncilofEurope,Strasbourg,May1998  (http://www.dhdirhr.coe.fr);andapaperpresentedby  Dr.Christopher_McCrudden_,UniversityofOxford,attheInternational J J  ConferenceonComparativeNonMDiscriminationLaw,22M24June1998,Utrecht, !!  theNetherlands.(3D$ !+}X XXX7XX UKUS.,     C1C2  9%+X XXX7XX UKUS.,    25  .  _Thefollowingdocumentationformedthebasisoftheanalysis:summary j#j# recordsofthetreatybodies'considerationofStatespartiesreportssince 2$2$ midM1993asavailable;acompletesetofconcludingcommentsissuedbytreaty $$ bodiesbetweenmidM1993andtheendof1997,containedintheCommittees' %% annualreports;annualreportsoftheCommitteeontheEliminationofRacial && Discrimination:A/48/18(startingfromtheCommittee'sfortyMthirdsessionin R'R' August1993),A/49/18,A/50/18,A/51/18,A/52/18;annualreportsofthe (( CommitteeagainstTorture:A/49/44,A/50/44,A/51/44,A/52/44;annualreports (( oftheHumanRightsCommittee:A/49/40,Vol.I,A/50/40,Vol.I,A/51/40, )) Vol.I,A/52/40,Vol.I,andconcludingcommentsfromthesixtyMfirstsession r*r*  (October1997);annualreportsoftheCommitteeonEconomic,Socialand :+:+  CulturalRights:E/1994/23(startingfromtheCommittee'sninthsession), ,,  E/1995/22,E/1996/22,E/1997/22,E/1998/22.AnnualreportsoftheCommittee ,,   ontheRightsoftheChild:A/49/41(startingfromtheCommittee'sfourth  sessioninOctober1993),A/51/41,andtheconcludingcommentsfromthe  Committee'stwelfthtosixteenthsessionsfromJuly1996toOctober1997.C3C4<( 9Z &Courier Regular(;3$2#  0  .3  0    9%+X XXX7XX UKUS.,    21  .  _SeeA/51/322,paras.714.Gender,genderrolesandrelationsare  discussed,interalia,in1994WorldSurveyontheRoleofWomenin  Development,pp.14.UnitedNationspublication,Sales_No.E.95_.IV.1.($$  0  (3$ !+}X XXX7XX UKUS.,       0  . D 9%+X XXX7XX UKUS.,    26  .  _See_CERD_/C/SR.1166,paragraphs40to56forvariousviewsexpressed  (14August1996).P Pd ? 9%+X XXX7XX UKUS.,    40  .  _Peru,CAT/C/SR.193,LibyanArab_Jamahiriya_,CAT/C/SR.201,Morocco, (( CAT/C/SR.203.&0 d d 9%+X XXX7XX UKUS.,    41  .  _RepublicofKorea,CAT/C/SR.266.  9%+X XXX7XX UKUS.,    27  .  _WhilethePlatformforActionusesthetermgenderM_disaggregated_Ԁdata, j j  thetermdata_disaggregated_Ԁbysexisthedemographicallycorrect 2 2  terminology.  --   9%+X XXX7XX UKUS.,    20  .  _ThissectiondrawslargelyfromthereportoftheSecretaryMGeneralonthe  thematicissuesbeforetheCommissionontheStatusofWomenatits  fortyMsecondsession,E/CN.6/1998/5,paras.9193,andthereportofthe  expertgroupmeetingPromotingwomen'senjoymentoftheireconomicandsocial JX rights,convenedbytheDivisionfortheAdvancementofWomenfrom14   December1997.Thereport,_EGM_/_WESR_/1997/Report,isavailablefromthe  DivisionfortheAdvancementofWomenWebsite   (http://www.un.org/womenwatch/daw).TheSecretaryMGeneral'sreporton j x Women'srealenjoymentoftheirhumanrights,inparticularthoserelatingto 2 @ theeliminationofpoverty,economicdevelopmentandeconomicresources    (E/CN.6/1998/11E/CN.4/1998/22)alsodiscusseshowwomen'sgenderroles    impactontheirabilitytoaccessrights,resourcesandopportunities,and    treatmentonanequalbasis(seeespeciallyparas.1923). V ,,   9%+X XXX7XX UKUS.,    42  .  _OfficialRecordsoftheGeneralAssembly,FortyMninthSession,Supplement  No.44(A/49/44),para.21. E 9%+X XXX7XX UKUS.,    43  .  _OfficialRecordsoftheGeneralAssembly,FiftyMfirstSession,Supplement JJ No.44(A/51/44),paras.14and16. % 9%+X XXX7XX UKUS.,    19  .  _Initsowndiscussionsregardingtherestructuringandrevitalizationof R'R' theUnitedNationsintheeconomic,socialandrelatedfieldsandthe (( integratedandcoordinatedimplementationandfollowupofmajorUnited (( Nationsconferencesandsummits,theEconomicandSocialCouncilhasincreased )) itsattentiontogenderissuesandtothe_mainstreaming_Ԁofagender r*r* perspectiveinallpoliciesandprogrammes.See,forexample,ECOSOC :+:+ resolutions1998/46andE/1998/44.&P d d S 9%+X XXX7XX UKUS.,    28  .  _Duringtheperiodunderreview,theCommitteeadoptedapproximately110   concludingobservations.Approximately25ofthoseareofalargely RR proceduralnaturedealingwiththenonMsubmissionofreports,thedeferralof  considerationofreportsorthenonMparticipationofrepresentativesofStates  partiesinthedialogue. 9%+X XXX7XX UKUS.,    44  .  _May1998,informationtakenfromthesummaryrecordofthemeeting.  9%+X XXX7XX UKUS.,    18  .  _Theninth(extraordinary)meetingofthechairpersonswasconvenedasa j#j# threedaymeetingtopursuethereformprocessaimedatimprovingthe 2$2$ effectiveimplementationofinternationalinstrumentsonhumanrights.The $$ reportofthemeetingiscontainedinA/53/125. Z 9%+X XXX7XX UKUS.,    45  .  _SeeTurkey,OfficialRecordsoftheGeneralAssembly,FortyMeighthSession, 2 2  SupplementNo.44(A/48/44/Add.1),andEgypt,A/51/44. > 9%+X XXX7XX UKUS.,    29  .  _OfficialRecordsoftheGeneralAssembly,FiftyMfirstSession,Supplement :: No.18(A/51/18),para.239. 9%+X XXX7XX UKUS.,    17  .  _A/44/668,A/CONF.157/PC/62/Add.11/Rev.1,E/CN.4/1997/74. 8 9%+X XXX7XX UKUS.,    46  .  _OfficialRecordsoftheGeneralAssembly,FiftiethSession,   SupplementNo.40(A/50/40),annexVII. 9%+X XXX7XX UKUS.,    47  .  _Ibid.,chap.III,para.43.  9%+X XXX7XX UKUS.,    16  .  _ThemeetingwillbeattendedbymembersoftheInterAgencyCommitteeon  WomenandGenderEqualityandbymembersoftheOrganizationforEconomic bb CooperationandDevelopment,DevelopmentAssistanceCommitteeWorkingPartyon ** GenderEquality.TheCommissionontheStatusofWomen,initsagreed  conclusionsonHumanRightsofWomen,supportedtheconveningofthis  workshop.SeeOfficialRecordsoftheEconomicandSocialCouncil,1998,  SupplementNo.7(E/1998/27),chap._I.B_,draftresolutionIV,sect._III.C._ 3 9%+X XXX7XX UKUS.,    30  .  _Ibid.,FortyMeighthSession,SupplementNo.18(A/48/18),paras.376and  380,respectively. I 9%+X XXX7XX UKUS.,    48  .  _OfficialRecordsoftheGeneralAssembly,FortyMninthSession, rr SupplementNo.40(A/49/40),seeJapan,para.101. ~ 9%+X XXX7XX UKUS.,    15  .  _StatementsweremadebytheUnitedNationsHighCommissionerforHuman  Rights,theAdministratoroftheUnitedNationsDevelopmentProgramme,the  ExecutiveDirectoroftheUnitedNationsChildren'sFund,theSpecialAdviser zz totheSecretaryGeneralonGenderIssuesandAdvancementofWomenanda BB representativeoftheOfficefortheCoordinationofHumanitarianAffairs. , 9%+X XXX7XX UKUS.,    31  .  _Ibid.,FiftiethSession,SupplementNo.18(A/50/18),paras.566and570,  respectively. 9%+X XXX7XX UKUS.,    49  .  _Ibid.,seeCameroon,para.185.  9%+X XXX7XX UKUS.,    14  .  _TheUnitedNationsDevelopmentProgramme,theUnitedNationsChildren's  FundandtheUnitedNationsPopulationFundhavedevelopedpoliciesto  increaseattentiontohumanrightsintheirwork.  9%+X XXX7XX UKUS.,    32  .  _Ibid.,FiftyMsecondSession,SupplementNo.18(A/52/18),para.521. & 9%+X XXX7XX UKUS.,    50  .  _ExamplesincludeJordan,TogoandCyprus,seeA/49/40,Bolivia,andIndia, ZZ seeA/52/40.  9%+X XXX7XX UKUS.,    13  .  _Thesummaryofproceedingsandrecommendationsoftheroundtablehasbeen  publishedbytheUnitedNationsPopulationFund.Itisalsoavailableonthe rr Fund'sWebsite(http://www.unfpa.org). W 9%+X XXX7XX UKUS.,    51  .  _ExamplesincludeParaguayandSriLanka,seeA/50/40,Switzerland,see  A/52/40,andLithuania,consideredatthesixtyMfirstsession.  9%+X XXX7XX UKUS.,    12  .  _Reportoftheexpertgroupmeetingonthedevelopmentofguidelinesforthe   integrationofgenderperspectivesintohumanrightsactivitiesand RR programmes,E/CN.4/1996/105. , 9%+X XXX7XX UKUS.,    52  .  _ExamplesincludeSlovenia,seeA/49/40,Zambia,seeA/51/40,Georgiaand    France,seeA/52/40. B 9%+X XXX7XX UKUS.,    33  .  _Ibid.,FiftyMfirstSession,SupplementNo.18(A/51/18),Zimbabwe,para.  93,andNamibia,ibid.,para.97. 9%+X XXX7XX UKUS.,    11  .  _E/1998/84,para.18. % 9%+X XXX7XX UKUS.,    53  .  _ExamplesincludeTunisia,seeA/50/40,Nigeria,seeA/51/40,andLebanon, bb seeA/52/40. e 9%+X XXX7XX UKUS.,    54  .  _ExamplesincludeNepal,Yemen,andtheRussianFederation,seeA/50/40,  Mauritius,Guatemala,andtheSudan,consideredatthesixtyMfirstsession. V 9%+X XXX7XX UKUS.,    55  .  _OfficialRecordsoftheGeneralAssembly,FiftyMsecondSession, !! SupplementNo.40(A/52/40),paras.160and167,respectively. 9%+X XXX7XX UKUS.,    56  .  _Ibid.,paras.287and300,respectively. 9%+X XXX7XX UKUS.,    57  .  _Ibid.,reportofLebanon,para.348.$35;AGOW_e31.a.i.(1)(a)(i)1)a)($     y 9%+X XXX7XX UKUS.,    58  .  _Ibid.,para.17,statingthatAteachoftheCommittee'ssessions,the && RepresentativeoftheSecretary-GeneralinformedtheCommitteeabout R'R' activitiescarriedonbyUnitedNationsbodiesdealingwithhumanrights (( issues....resultsofthe...sessionsoftheCommitteeontheElimination (( ofDiscriminationagainstWomen...werepresentedtotheCommittee.(!2,$ !+}X XXX7XX UKUS.,     +Ӏ  0    9%+X XXX7XX UKUS.,    59  .  _TheCommittee'sreportatitssixteenthandseventeenthsessions :+:+ (E/1998/22,para.523)notedthatitwouldreturntothisissueatits ,, eighteenthsession(April1998).Informationcurrentlyavailabledoesnot ,,  revealwhatactionwastaken.  9%+X XXX7XX UKUS.,    74  .  _TheCommissionontheStatusofWomenagreedconclusionsonhumanrightsof $$ women,E/1998/27,ensurethattheirperiodicreportstotreatymonitoring %% bodiesmainstreamagenderperspective. 7 9%+X XXX7XX UKUS.,    60  .  _OfficialRecordsoftheEconomicandSocialCouncil,1996,SupplementNo.2  (E/1996/22),annexVI.  9%+X XXX7XX UKUS.,    34  .  _ExampleofMorocco,_CERD_/C/SR.1021andA/49/18,para.217. 9%+X XXX7XX UKUS.,    62  .  _TheGambia,RepublicofKoreaandParaguay,seeE/1997/22. 9%+X XXX7XX UKUS.,    61  .  _