ÿWPC  ´uÆJ±PÜ)Ù’]ôóÃÛY"vÃ:ðÅ'µ‰^© *£ê.sÉW¥àÇ­ô§U'–újì#ÞÊ ´ØW“}ÇäA ‹´¼" •ä•W´zØïIòr¬ø²ãaч(G°†âô0þ¶-`.~Ì›!4«œwc|ç~ Eô¨Ñ^@úŒ=û`Øu©šHËkÆbTEìÓ‹ì^_ÛÒ'R„gÊB0^…Á»/#(u ±²qTæbj3ÿâ ä+…qæ2jíÉ$¸xsf=åÉï-SÒŠ^”¡½V7#ÁÄUN… %Ó 0(ÙU: 0C;^ ~ 0CŠwÍ4Ñåô mö˜HP LaserJet 4P,ü,,,,,ü0(  Z‹6Times New Roman RegularX($¡¡<þ6X9`("Courier 12cpi(2C$¨¨Ý ƒ!ÝÝ  ÝŒxp0 (2C$§§Ý ƒ!ÝÝ  Ýé[/orel03|xÿU‹ÿÀÀÀÝ ƒ!ÝÝ  ÝÔ_ÔÔ‡X&%XXXÔÔ‡ôÓgòXX&%ÔÔUKUS.,ÔÑ8€e»XXdìdÈ8ÑÌÓB.++b™ Ð >u¬ãQˆ¿ö!°œXBÓà ç àà  àà U àà Œ àà à àà ú àà 1 àà h àà Ÿ àà Ö àÔ_ÔCERDÔ_Ô/C/SR.922Ð xÈ Ðà ç àà  àà U àà Œ àà à àà ú àà 1 àà h àà Ÿ àà Ö à14€August€1991Ð @ ÐÌà ç àà  àà U àà Œ àà à àà ú àà 1 àà h àà Ÿ àà Ö àOriginal:€€ENGLISHÐ Ð  ÐÌÌÌÌÌÓB.++b™ Ð >u¬ãQˆ¿ö!++7BÓà@’ ’ ìàCOMMITTEE€ON€THE€ELIMINATION€OF€RACIAL€DISCRIMINATIONˆÐ € Ð  ÐÌà@ÌÌ"ìàFortieth€sessionˆÐ `  ÐÌà@  ìàSUMMARY€RECORD€OF€THE€922nd€MEETINGˆÐ  ð  ÐÌà@N N ìàHeld€at€the€Ô_ÔPalaisÔ_Ô€des€Nations,€Geneva,ˆÐ 0€  Ðà@  ìàon€Friday,€9€August€1991,€at€3€p.m.ˆÐ øH  ÐÌÔT T ÔòòChairmanóó:ÔPPPÈÈÔMr.€Ô_ÔSHAHIÔ_ÔÐ ˆØ ÐÌÔ000€ € Ôlater:ÔPPPÈÈÔMr.€Ô_ÔLAMPTEYÔ_ÔÐ h ÐÌÌà@\\&ìàCONTENTSˆÐ pÀ ÐÌConsideration€of€reports,€comments€and€information€submitted€by€States€partiesÐ P Ðunder€article€9€of€the€Convention€(òòcontinuedóó)Ð È ÐÌà ç àNinth€and€tenth€periodic€reports€of€Iraq€(òòconcludedóó)Ð X¨ ÐÌà ç àSecond,€third€and€fourth€periodic€reports€of€Cð=ðte€d'IvoireÐ è8 ÐÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÐ   (ð#. ÐÌà@T T ìàòòThe€meeting€was€called€to€order€at€3.15€p.m.óóˆÐ xÈ ÐÌCONSIDERATION€OF€REPORTS,€COMMENTS€AND€INFORMATION€SUBMITTED€BY€STATES€PARTIESÐ X ÐUNDER€ARTICLE€9€OF€THE€CONVENTION€(agenda€item€3)€(òòcontinuedóó)Ð Ð  ÐÌòòNinth€and€tenth€periodic€reports€of€Iraqóó€(Ô_ÔCERDÔ_Ô/C/159/Add.2€andÐ ` ° ÐÔ_ÔCERDÔ_Ô/C/195/Add.2)€(òòconcludedóó)Ð ( x ÐÌ1.à ç àòòThe€CHAIRMANóó€invited€Mr.€Ô_ÔWolfrumÔ_Ô,€Country€Rapporteur,€to€present€theÐ ¸   Ðfinal€conclusions€reached€by€the€Committee€on€its€assessment€of€Iraq's€ninthÐ € Ð  Ðand€tenth€reports.Ð H ˜  ÐÌ2à ç àòòMr.€Ô_ÔWOLFRUMÔ_Ôóó€explained€that,€after€consultations€among€Committee€members,Ð Ø(  Ðagreement€had€been€reached€on€the€final€wording€of€the€Committee's€assessment,Ð  ð  Ðincluding€the€deletion€of€any€words€that€implied€a€value€judgement.€€The€textÐ h¸  Ðread€as€follows:Ð 0€  ÐÌà0 ç à"The€Committee€records€that€the€Government€of€Iraq€has€undertaken€toÐ À Ðenter€into€a€dialogue€with€the€Committee€and€hopes€that€such€an€attitudeÐ ˆØ Ðwill€prevail.€€The€Committee€acknowledges€that€Iraq€faces€economic€andÐ P  Ðpolitical€problems€as€the€consequence€of€the€recent€events€and€thatÐ h Ðfirst€steps€have€been€initiated€by€it€with€a€view€to€improving€the€humanÐ à0 Ðrights€situation€in€general€and,€in€particular,€the€situation€of€KurdsÐ ¨ø Ðand€other€ethnic€groups€in€Iraq.€€However,€the€Committee€has€not€yetÐ pÀ Ðreceived€the€information€which€would€enable€it€to€assess€the€humanÐ 8ˆ Ðrights€situation€inIraq.€€The€failure€to€address€the€treatment€ofÐ P Ðethnic€groups€in€Iraq,particularly€the€treatment€of€citizens€of€KuwaitÐ È Ðsubsequent€to2August1990,€since€Iraq€is€under€an€obligation€toÐ à Ðrespect€and€to€ensure€to€all€individuals€under€its€jurisdiction€orÐ X¨ Ðcontrol€the€rights€recognized€in€the€Convention,€is€a€matter€of€graveÐ  p Ðconcern€to€the€Committee.€€The€Committee€calls€upon€the€Government€ofÐ è8 ÐIraq€to€include€the€requested€information€in€its€eleventh€report,€due€inÐ °  Ð1991,€and€to€submit€the€eleventh€report€in€time€for€the€Committee€to€beÐ xÈ! Ðable€to€discuss€it€at€its€next€session."Ð@"ç(#ç(# ÐÌ3.à ç àòòThe€CHAIRMANóó€said€he€took€it€that€the€Committee€agreed€to€the€wordingÐ Ð $ Ðproposed€by€Mr.€Ô_ÔWolfrumÔ_Ô.Ð ˜!è% ÐÌà ç àòòIt€was€so€agreedóó.Ð (#x' ÐÌ4.à ç àòòThe€CHAIRMANóó€said€that€the€Committee€had€thus€concluded€itsÐ ¸$ ) Ðconsideration€of€the€ninth€and€tenth€periodic€reports€of€Iraq.Ð €%Ð * ÐÌòòSecond,€third€and€fourth€periodic€reports€of€Cð=ðte€d'Ivoireóó€(Ô_ÔCERDÔ_Ô/C/64/Add.2;Ð '`", ÐÔ_ÔCERDÔ_Ô/C/SR.510€and€511)Ð Ø'(#- ÐÌà ç àòòAt€the€invitation€of€the€Chairman,€Mr.€Ô_ÔMlinguiÔ_Ô€Ô_ÔKeffaÔ_Ô€and€Mr.Ô_ÔNtkakpeÔ_ÔÐ h)¸$/ ÐÔ_ÔN'choÔ_Ô€Ô_ÔAtteÔ_Ô€(Cð=ðte€d'Ivoire)€took€seats€at€the€Committee€tableóó.Ð 0*€%0 Ðâ âÐ ø*H&1 ÐÔ_ÔÔ& ° Ôâ â5.à ç àòòThe€CHAIRMANóó€said€that€Cð=ðte€D'Ivoire€was€one€of€the€countries€whoseÐ ° Ðreports€were€overdue€and€recalled€that€the€Committee€had€decided€that€in€suchÐ xÈ Ðcases€a€country€rapporteur€would€be€appointed€and€the€Committee€would€considerÐ @ Ðthe€situation€in€the€countries€concerned€on€the€basis€of€their€previousÐ X Ðreports€and€the€summary€records€of€the€relevant€meetings.Ð Ð  ÐÔ'°°óÔÌ6.à ç àòòMr.€MLINGUI€KEFFAóó€(Cð=ðte€D'Ivoire)€said€that€his€Government€regrettedÐ ` ° Ðthat€it€had€been€unable€to€submit€its€fifth,€sixth,€seventh€and€eighthÐ ( x Ðperiodic€reports.€€Its€failure€to€do€so€had€been€due€to€critical€economic€andÐ ð @ Ðadministrative€difficulties€since€1980,€and€in€no€way€detracted€from€itsÐ ¸   Ðdetermination€to€meet€its€obligations€under€the€Convention€and€from€itsÐ € Ð  Ðcontinued€support€of€the€work€of€the€Committee.€€He€requested€a€three„monthÐ H ˜  Ðperiod€of€grace€in€which€to€submit€a€full€report€covering€the€periodÐ `  Ð1980-1991,€including€replies€to€the€questions€and€comments€raised€by€theÐ Ø(  ÐCommittee€and€further€information€on€measures€taken€to€implement€theÐ  ð  ÐConvention.Ð h¸  ÐÌ7.à ç àHis€Government€reaffirmed€its€profound€commitment€to€the€recognizedÐ øH  Ðprinciples€of€international€law,€democracy€and€human€rights€as€set€out€in€theÐ À Ðrelevant€international€instruments,€to€which€it€was€a€party.€€The€ConstitutionÐ ˆØ Ðcontained€a€provision€providing€that€the€Republic€of€Cð=ðte€d'Ivoire€ensuredÐ P  Ðequality€for€all€before€the€law,€without€distinction€as€to€origin,€race,€sexÐ h Ðor€religion,€and€that€any€particularist€propaganda€of€a€racial€or€ethnicÐ à0 Ðnature€and€any€manifestation€of€racial€discrimination€was€punished€by€law.€Ð ¨ø ÐThe€Government€had€also€adopted€civil€and€penal€legislation€to€prevent€andÐ pÀ Ðpunish€discriminatory€attitudes€and€practices;€those€provisions€were€containedÐ 8ˆ Ðin€the€Civil€Code,€the€Code€of€Nationality,€the€Code€of€Civil€Procedure,€theÐ P ÐPenal€Code€and€the€Code€of€Penal€Procedure.€€His€country,€which€comprisedÐ È Ðsome60ethnic€groups€and€was€host€to€a€substantial€foreign€community,€hadÐ à Ðalso€witnessed€a€process€of€democratization€under€the€present€Government€inÐ X¨ Ðrecent€years,€with€the€introduction€of€a€multi„party€system.€€There€were€nowÐ  p Ðsome€40political€parties,€some€of€which€were€represented€in€Parliament€byÐ è8 Ðmembers€of€the€opposition,€and€in€some€of€the€largest€municipalities€byÐ °  Ðelected€mayors.€€Evidence€of€Cð=ðte€d'Ivoire's€democratic€structures€was€also€toÐ xÈ! Ðbe€seen€in€trade€union€freedom,€with€the€establishment€of€numerous€independentÐ @" Ðtrade€unions,€and€freedom€of€the€press,€with€the€existence€of€someÐ  X# Ð20newspapers€representing€the€various€political€trends,€and€the€free€sale€ofÐ Ð $ Ðforeign€newspapers.Ð ˜!è% ÐÌ8.à ç àCð=ðte€d'Ivoire€was€one€of€the€most€democratic€countries€in€Africa€andÐ (#x' Ðstood€as€an€example€of€political€stability€and€as€a€land€of€peace,€asylum€andÐ ð#@( Ðgood€neighbourliness.€€It€had€concluded€bilateral€agreements€on€the€freeÐ ¸$ ) Ðmovement€of€persons€and€the€waiving€of€visa€requirements€with€a€number€ofÐ €%Ð * ÐAfrican€and€European€States€and€was€a€party€to€several€internationalÐ H&˜!+ Ðinstruments€and€a€member€of€a€number€of€international€organizations,€notablyÐ '`", Ðthose€of€the€UnitedNations€system.€€It€had€consistently€played€an€active€partÐ Ø'(#- Ðin€regional€cooperation€and€in€the€establishment€of€regional€and€subregionalÐ  (ð#. Ðorganizations.Ð h)¸$/ ÐÌ9.à ç àCommitted€as€it€was€to€the€Convention,€the€Government€welcomed€theÐ ø*H&1 Ðrecent€significant€changes€that€had€taken€place€in€SouthAfrica,€to€which€Ô_ÔhisÐ À+'2 Ðcountry's€conception€of€dialogue€had€undoubtedly€contributed.€€His€GovernmentÐ ° Ðwould€continue€to€encourage€dialogue€as€the€only€means€of€working€out€a€newÐ xÈ Ðstrategy€to€hasten€the€complete€dismantling€of€the€odious€system€of€apartheid.€Ð @ ÐIt€was€convinced€that€the€two€leading€figures€in€that€dialogue,€Mr.deKlerkÐ X Ðand€Mr.Mandela,€would€show€themselves€worthy€of€the€Ô_ÔHouphoutÔ_Ô„Ô_ÔBoignyÔ_Ô€PeaceÐ Ð  ÐPrize€recently€awarded€to€them€by€the€UnitedNations€Educational,€ScientificÐ ˜è Ðand€Cultural€Organization€(UNESCO).Ð ` ° ÐÌ10.à ç àIn€conclusion,€he€assured€the€Committee€of€his€willingness€to€respond€toÐ ð @ Ðquestions,€pending€the€submission€of€a€detailed€report€in€the€near€future.Ð ¸   ÐÌ11.à ç àòòMr.€de€Ô_ÔGOUTTESÔ_Ôóó,€Country€Rapporteur,€said€that,€unlike€many€otherÐ H ˜  Ðcountries€in€arrears€with€their€reports,€the€Government€of€Cð=ðte€d'Ivoire€hadÐ `  Ðcommendably,€if€tardily,€responded€to€the€Committee's€appeals€and€his€ownÐ Ø(  Ðrepresentations,€had€contacted€him€personally€as€country€rapporteur€and,€inÐ  ð  Ðparticular,€had€sent€a€delegation€to€provide€explanations€to€the€Committee.€Ð h¸  ÐHe€suggested€that€Mr.Ô_ÔMlinguiÔ_ÔÔ_ÔKeffaÔ_Ô's€address€to€the€Committee€should€beÐ 0€  Ðcirculated€to€all€Committee€members.Ð øH  ÐÌ12.à ç àCð=ðte€d'Ivoire€was€one€of€the€countries€that€had€ratified€the€ConventionÐ ˆØ Ðwithin€a€relatively€short€period€after€signature.€€After€its€ratificationÐ P  Ðin1973,€the€Government€of€Cð=ðte€d'Ivoire€had€submitted€only€two€reports€and,Ð h Ðuntil€the€current€session€had€failed€to€respond€to€the€numerous€appealsÐ à0 Ðaddressed€to€it€by€the€Committee.€€The€Committee's€consideration€of€theÐ ¨ø Ðsituation€in€Cð=ðted'Ivoire€should€now€focus€on€three€questions€„€the€reasonsÐ pÀ Ðfor€the€long€delay€in€submitting€reports,€the€conclusions€the€Committee€hadÐ 8ˆ Ðreached€when€considering€Cð=ðted'Ivoire's€previous€reports,€and€what€theÐ P ÐCommittee€now€expected€of€the€Government€of€that€country.Ð È ÐÌ13.à ç àAs€to€the€reasons€for€the€long€delay,€it€was€clearly€not€due,€as€theÐ X¨ Ðgovernment€representative€had€explained,€to€a€deliberate€lack€of€respect€forÐ  p Ðthe€Convention,€but€to€inadequate€resources€and€administrative€complexities.€Ð è8 ÐHowever,€those€problems€alone€could€not€explain€10years'€arrears;€had€theÐ °  ÐGovernment€accorded€political€priority€to€the€Convention,€the€necessary€meansÐ xÈ! Ðwould€surely€have€been€found€and€the€reports€submitted.€€That€they€had€notÐ @" Ðbeen€was€perhaps€a€sign€that€the€Convention€was€not€perceived€as€an€instrumentÐ  X# Ðof€priority€importance.€€That€being€said,€the€Committee€should€take€account€ofÐ Ð $ Ðthe€fact€that€many€countries€had€difficulty€in€meeting€all€their€reportingÐ ˜!è% Ðobligations€under€international€instruments,€and€that€there€was€a€greatÐ `"°& Ðdisparity€between€States€that€had€the€necessary€resources€and€those€that€didÐ (#x' Ðnot.€€There€were,€of€course,€such€aids€to€reporting€as€the€Committee'sÐ ð#@( Ðguidelines,€the€draft€model€report€and€the€draft€model€human€rightsÐ ¸$ ) Ðlegislation,€but€the€most€appropriate€solution€was€to€offer€assistance€to€suchÐ €%Ð * ÐStates€in€preparing€their€reports,€with€the€support€of€the€Advisory€ServicesÐ H&˜!+ Ðof€the€UnitedNations€Centre€for€Human€Rights.Ð '`", ÐÌ14.à ç àWith€regard€to€the€Committee's€assessment€of€the€fourth€periodic€reportÐ  (ð#. Ðsubmitted€in€1980€(Ô_ÔCERDÔ_Ô/C/64/Add.2),€the€report€had€been€deemed€satisfactoryÐ h)¸$/ Ðfrom€the€point€of€view€of€its€conformity€with€the€guidelines€and€theÐ 0*€%0 Ðpresentation€of€the€general€political,€ethnic,€economic€and€demographicÐ ø*H&1 Ðsituation€of€the€country.€€In€particular,€the€Committee€had€noted€theÐ À+'2 Ðsignificance€of€the€country's€ethnic€characteristics,€as€described€in€theÐ ° Ðreport,€and€had€observed€that€Cð=ðted'Ivoire€was€a€fundamentally€multiculturalÐ xÈ Ðsociety,€that€its€geopolitical€situation€fostered€its€multicultural€character,Ð @ ÐÔ&   Ôand€that€a€willing€contribution€was€made€by€non„national€communities.€€ItsÐ X Ðethnic€and€cultural€complexity,€combined€with€the€preservation€of€nationalÐ Ð  Ðunity,€were€undoubtedly€among€the€most€characteristic€features€of€the€country.Ð ˜è ÐÔ' ÷9ÔÌ15.à ç àWith€regard€to€national€anti„discrimination€legislation,€which€theÐ ( x Ðreport€had€described€in€broadly€satisfactory€terms,€he€would€confine€hisÐ ð @ Ðcomments€to€three€main€points€emphasized€by€the€Committee.€€The€firstÐ ¸   Ðconcerned€the€right€to€nationality;€the€Committee€had€drawn€attention€withÐ € Ð  Ðappreciation€to€the€large€number€of€applications€for€naturalization€byÐ H ˜  Ðforeigners.€€The€second€concerned€the€right€to€own€property.€€The€CommitteeÐ `  Ðhad€noted€that€non-nationals,€such€as€Europeans€or€Syrians€and€Lebanese,€hadÐ Ø(  Ðconsiderable€holdings€in€the€capital€of€many€companies€established€inÐ  ð  ÐCð=ðted'Ivoire.€€The€third€concerned€the€right€to€work;€it€had€been€reportedÐ h¸  Ðthat€Cð=ðted'Ivoire€was€a€party€to€Convention€No.111€of€the€InternationalÐ 0€  ÐLabour€Organisation€concerning€discrimination€in€respect€of€employment€andÐ øH  Ðoccupation.Ð À ÐÌ16.à ç àThe€main€weakness€of€the€fourth€periodic€report€had€been€the€lack€ofÐ P  Ðdetailed€practical€information€on€the€effective€implementation€of€domesticÐ h Ðlegislation,€in€particular,€in€regard€to€the€number€of€complaints€filed€forÐ à0 Ðdiscriminatory€acts,€examples€of€judgements€handed€down€by€the€courts,€and€theÐ ¨ø Ðwidely€reported€restrictions€on€press€and€trade€union€freedom.€€By€and€large,Ð pÀ Ðhowever,€the€Committee€had€expressed€its€appreciation€of€the€fourth€report€asÐ 8ˆ Ðan€improvement€on€the€very€succinct€initial€report.Ð P ÐÌ17.à ç àIn€the€short€term,€the€Committee€should€require€the€Government€ofÐ à ÐCð=ðted'Ivoire€to€provide€some€information€on€recent€events€and,€in€the€longerÐ X¨ Ðterm,€to€provide€a€complete€report€which€followed€the€Committee's€guidelines.Ð  p ÐFirst,€he€wished€to€know€the€social€consequences€of€the€financial€crisis€inÐ è8 ÐCð=ðted'Ivoire€during€the€past€five€years,€following€the€fall€in€crop€prices.€Ð °  ÐIn€the€spring€of€1990,€the€country€had€seen€strikes€and€street€demonstrationsÐ xÈ! Ðand€he€asked€what€measures€had€been€taken€to€help€the€most€disadvantagedÐ @" Ðsections€of€the€population.€€Secondly,€he€drew€attention€to€the€1991€AmnestyÐ  X# ÐInternational€Report,€according€to€which€activists€from€opposition€partiesÐ Ð $ Ð(particularly€the€òòFrontÔ_ÔPopulaireÔ_ÔÔ_ÔivoirienÔ_Ôóó)€had€been€held€for€several€daysÐ ˜!è% Ðwithout€charge,€admittedly€before€the€adoption€of€reforms€permitting€theÐ `"°& Ðexistence€of€opposition€parties€in€April1991.€€Similarly,€teachers€hadÐ (#x' Ðdemonstrated€against€the€fall€in€their€salaries,€in€March1991,€and€tradeÐ ð#@( Ðunionists€had€demonstrated€for€free€trade€unions€in€April;€on€both€occasionsÐ ¸$ ) Ðparticipants€had€been€arrested€and€held€without€charge.€€Thirdly,€restrictionsÐ €%Ð * Ðon€press€freedom€continued€to€exist.€€According€to€the€Amnesty€InternationalÐ H&˜!+ Ðreport,€five€people€had€been€held€for€several€days€in€February1991€forÐ '`", Ðdistributing€a€new€opposition€newspaper,€òòÔ_ÔL'EvnementÔ_Ôóó,€whose€sale€had€not€beenÐ Ø'(#- Ðauthorized.€€Also,€according€to€a€recent€edition€of€òòLeMondeóó,€two€journalistsÐ  (ð#. Ðhad€been€sentenced€to€threemonths'€imprisonment€for€writing€an€article€in€theÐ h)¸$/ Ðweekly€òòÔ_ÔLibertÔ_Ôóó€in€which€they€had€called€PresidentÔ_ÔHouphoutÔ_Ô„Ô_ÔBoignyÔ_Ô€a€"tyrant".€Ð 0*€%0 ÐInformation€on€all€those€matters€would€be€welcome.€€He€also€wished€to€knowÐ ø*H&1 Ðmore€about€the€new,€independent€òòÔ_ÔLigueÔ_Ô€Ô_ÔivoirienneÔ_Ô€des€Droits€de€Ô_Ôl'HommeÔ_Ôóó,€mostlyÐ À+'2 Ðmade€up€of€academics€and€headed€by€Professor€Ô_ÔDegniÔ_Ô„Ô_ÔSeguiÔ_Ô,€of€the€Faculty€ofÐ ° ÐLaw€in€Abidjan.€€The€formation€of€the€organization,€whose€aims€were€ambitious,Ð xÈ Ðwas€a€major€event;€it€had€actively€investigated€various€attacks€on€humanÐ @ Ðrights.Ð X ÐÌ18.à ç àAs€far€as€consisted€of€the€next€written€report€was€concerned,€theÐ ˜è ÐCommittee€should€insist€that€it€consisted€of€two€separate€parts.€€The€firstÐ ` ° Ðshould€be€a€general€presentation€of€the€political,€economic,€social€andÐ ( x Ðdemographic€context€in€which€the€Convention€was€applied.€€It€was€particularlyÐ ð @ Ðimportant€that€it€should€contain€an€up„to„date€breakdown€of€the€population,Ð ¸   Ðgiven€that,€according€to€the€figures€provided€by€the€delegation,€theÐ € Ð  Ðpopulation€had€increased€considerably€since€the€last€report,€from€6.7millionÐ H ˜  Ðin€1975,€including€22.4percent€of€foreigners,€to€12million,€of€whomÐ `  Ð4.5million€were€foreigners.€€The€second€part€should€consist€of€an€analysis€ofÐ Ø(  Ðhow€the€various€articles€of€the€Convention€were€applied€in€practice.€€ItÐ  ð  Ðshould€describe€the€relevant€laws,€particularly€the€PenalCode,€as€amended€inÐ h¸  Ð1981,€the€application€of€such€laws€and€any€difficulties€or€complaintsÐ 0€  Ðencountered.€€The€delegation€had€made€a€start€on€providing€such€information,Ð øH  Ðbut€it€needed€to€be€more€systematic.Ð À ÐÌà ç àòòMr.€Ô_ÔLampteyÔ_Ô€took€the€Chairóó.Ð P  ÐÌ19.à ç àòòMrs.€Ô_ÔSADIQÔ_Ô€ALIóó,€referring€to€the€delegation's€assertion€thatÐ à0 ÐCð=ðted'Ivoire€had€been€suffering€from€a€financial€crisis€since€1980,€askedÐ ¨ø Ðwhether€there€were€any€signs€of€improvement€and€what€was€being€done€for€theÐ pÀ Ðmost€disadvantaged€people.€€Were€their€economic,€social€and€cultural€rightsÐ 8ˆ Ðbeing€respected?€€The€delegation€had€also€said€that€the€country€containedÐ P Ð60different€tribes€in€addition€to€other€African€immigrants.€€She€would€likeÐ È Ðto€know€which€were€the€most€backward€elements€in€the€population€and€whetherÐ à Ðthe€rural€infrastructure€was€being€developed€with€a€view€to€a€shift€fromÐ X¨ Ðreliance€on€cocoa€and€coffee.€€If€the€issue€was€not€tackled,€it€could€lead€toÐ  p Ðracial€conflict.€€Finally,€she€pointed€out€that€despite€the€advent€of€aÐ è8 Ðmulti-party€system,€charges€had€been€laid€against€political€activists.€€SheÐ °  Ðasked€whether€the€old€order€had€indeed€changed€and,€if€so,€how€the€new€orderÐ xÈ! Ðwas€constituted€and€what€the€new€freedoms€were.€Ð @" ÐÌ20.à ç àòòMr.€Ô_ÔMLINGUIÔ_ÔÔ_ÔKEFFAÔ_Ôóó€(Cð=ðte€d'Ivoire)€said€that€replies€to€all€theÐ Ð $ ÐCommittee's€questions€would€be€contained€in€the€next€report,€which€wouldÐ ˜!è% Ðindeed€appear€within€three€months.€€He€was,€however,€prepared€to€answer€someÐ `"°& Ðquestions€informally.€€The€economic€crisis€was€due€to€the€40percent€drop€inÐ (#x' Ðthe€prices€of€cocoa€and€coffee,€on€which€the€livelihood€of€60„65€per€cent€ofÐ ð#@( Ðthe€population€depended.€€Even€generous€quantities€of€aid€could€not€make€upÐ ¸$ ) Ðthe€shortfall.€€The€Government€was,€however,€attempting€to€help€the€mostÐ €%Ð * Ðdisadvantaged;€cheap€accommodation€had€been€built;€unemployment€benefit€wasÐ H&˜!+ Ðpaid€and€free€medical€care€and€child€benefit€were€provided€for€poor€families.€Ð '`", ÐThe€Government€was€also€encouraging€diversification;€crops€currently€producedÐ Ø'(#- Ðincluded€cotton,€sugar€and€timber.€€With€regard€to€the€journalists€who€hadÐ  (ð#. Ðbeen€arrested,€he€said€that,€under€article7€of€the€Constitution,€a€politicalÐ h)¸$/ Ðparty€could€be€formed€„€and€several€had€been€formed€since€1990€„€but€there€wasÐ 0*€%0 Ða€national€consensus€that€because€of€the€country's€economic€difficultiesÐ ø*H&1 Ðone-party€government€was€preferable.€€As€a€rule,€people€could€express€whateverÐ À+'2 Ðviews€they€wished,€but€the€article€mentioned€by€Mr.deÔ_ÔGouttesÔ_Ô€had€beenÐ ° Ðpersonally€insulting€to€the€Head€of€State,€which€was€illegal€under€legislationÐ xÈ Ðbased€on€a€French€Act€of€1801,€as€amended€in€1942.€€That€situation€would€beÐ @ Ðchanged€under€the€new€Constitution.€€He€added€that€the€journalists€concernedÐ X Ðhad€been€represented€in€court€and€the€sentence€had€been€announced€publicly.€Ð Ð  ÐFreedom€of€expression€and€of€association€was€respected.€€Three€or€fourÐ ˜è Ðdemonstrations€had€been€held€daily€for€several€months,€so€if€all€participantsÐ ` ° Ðhad€been€arrested,€the€whole€population€of€Cð=ðted'Ivoire€would€be€in€prison.€Ð ( x ÐBut€those€arrested€had€taken€advantage€of€the€demonstrations€to€commit€acts€ofÐ ð @ Ðvandalism.€€Like€other€Governments,€that€of€Cð=ðted'Ivoire€could€not€permit€theÐ ¸   Ðdestruction€of€buses€or€municipal€vehicles.€€Those€arrested,€however,€had€beenÐ € Ð  Ðreleased€after€interrogation.€€With€regard€to€the€òòÔ_ÔLigueÔ_Ô€Ô_ÔivoirienneÔ_Ô€des€DroitsÐ H ˜  Ðde€Ô_Ôl'HommeÔ_Ôóó,€also€mentioned€by€Mr.deÔ_ÔGouttesÔ_Ô,€it€had€existed€since€1990.€€ItÐ `  Ðhad€held€its€congress€in€Abidjan€in€July1990€without€outside€interference.€Ð Ø(  ÐMore€details€would€be€provided€in€the€next€report.€€With€regard€to€the€ethnicÐ  ð  Ðcomposition€of€the€population,€it€was€difficult€to€pinpoint€which€section€wasÐ h¸  Ðpoorest€in€terms€of€geographical€zones.€€The€most€that€could€be€said€was€thatÐ 0€  Ðthe€poorest€section€consisted€of€coffee€and€cocoa€exporters,€who€were€victimsÐ øH  Ðof€the€international€markets€in€London€and€NewYork€and€who€accounted€forÐ À Ðperhaps€70€per€cent€of€the€population.€€In€conclusion,€he€mentioned€hisÐ ˆØ Ðcountry's€difficulties€over€producing€the€next€report.€€In€a€country€as€poorÐ P  Ðas€his,€staff€recruitment€and€coordination€presented€particular€problems.€€HeÐ h Ðhoped€that€assistance€might€be€provided€by€the€UnitedNations€so€that€theÐ à0 Ðreport€could€be€produced€more€quickly.Ð ¨ø ÐÌ21.à ç àòòMr.de€Ô_ÔGOUTTESÔ_Ôóó,€Country€Rapporteur,€welcomed€the€positive€aspects€of€theÐ 8ˆ Ðresponse€of€Cð=ðte€d'Ivoire€to€the€Committee.€€It€had€expressed€regret€for€theÐ P Ðdelay€in€producing€a€report;€it€had€given€the€reasons€for€that€delay,Ð È Ðparticularly€as€it€concerned€administration;€it€had€sent€a€delegation;€it€hadÐ à Ðprovided€answers€to€some€questions;€and€it€had€asked€for€help€from€the€CentreÐ X¨ Ðfor€Human€Rights€to€finish€its€report.Ð  p Ѐ€Ð è8 Ð22.à ç àòòThe€CHAIRMANóó,€thanking€the€delegation€for€appearing€before€theÐ °  ÐCommittee,€urged€it€to€meet€its€three„month€deadline.€€For€technicalÐ xÈ! Ðassistance€in€preparing€its€next€report,€the€State€party€would€have€to€make€aÐ @" Ðdirect€application€to€the€UnitedNations.€€Ð  X# ÐÌ23.à ç àòòMr.Ô_ÔBANTONÔ_Ôóó€said€that€he€agreed€with€Mr.deÔ_ÔGouttesÔ_Ô€if,€as€he€understood,Ð ˜!è% Ðhe€was€proposing€preliminary€acceptance€of€the€report.€€Ð `"°& ÐÌà ç àòòMr.€Ô_ÔMlinguiÔ_Ô€Ô_ÔKeffaÔ_Ô€(Cð=ðte€d'Ivoire)€withdrewóó.Ð ð#@( ÐÌÌà@BBìàòòThe€meeting€rose€at€4.30€p.m.óóˆÐ H&˜!+ ÐÌÔ_ÔÔ_ÔÔ_ÔÔ_ÔÔ_ÔÔ_ÔÔ_ÔÔ_ÔÔ_ÔÔ_ÔÔ_ÔÔ_ÔÔ_ÔÔ_ÔÔ_ÔÔ_ÔÔ_ÔÔ_ÔÔ_ÔÔ_ÔÔ_ÔÔ_ÔÔ_ÔÔ_ÔÔ_ÔÔ_ÔÔ_ÔÔ_ÔÔ_ÔÔ_ÔÔ_ÔÔ_ÔÔ_ÔÔ_ÔÔ_ÔÔ#†ôƒÿòòôÓg+#ÔÔ#†Xe»XòôƒÿJ#ÔÔ_ÔÔUS.,UK.,iÔ