WPC-  Uژr_;օ|=..L ypZQi5$m~Ո^wnKđ_NO[ቻd}z//Pڳ9@WrD4 zs" &*8ex-!RTÝ` >> ollӁN͑Hzijn/{]~V}Bf _ŗt9eiTS'۪.vB"ekl,"cCi65o:J)^Xa'N n6Qe(s`M d"tmNֽEn;MIX1qOcB QTcSgVnkTyyO)\.5* ,Mh 0nl 0U> 0. 05DU6y 0: 0a ^ 0a D+v  0ag 0( 0a AQQw 0+c #UN %0 0F6N|4~ m 1u 0w  0 0! 0 0u 0< 0 1( 72 0D<:Default ParaXXXXXX0I.header     (#XXX   (#  \  `&Times New Roman0I.footer     (#XXX   (#  8z6Plain Text    K<6X9`(Courier NewKXXXS\  `&Times New RomanS    <6X9`(Courier New:8page number'  >Centre for Refugee Studies>0Centre for Refugee Studies .     ɹ'  CEUS.,  _   XXTHOUGHT,CONSCIENCEANDRELIGION  ЄFREEDOMOF#XrX X#(92ɹ$ c!  CEUS.,  ݮx1 (92ɹ$ c!  CEUS.,  'dxd Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Level 4 Level 5(92ɹ$ c!  CEUS.,  ($(92ɹ$ c!  CEUS.,  C<< c(;3$2#  0  .3  0  3|PHP LaserJet 6P,,,,0(9 Z6Times New Roman RegularX(c$  CEUS.,N?1 U3#37=CIQYag1.a.i.(1)(a)(i)1)a)(O;$0  2#  a  .3  0` (#(#(b$0  0` (#(#2#   .3  0 ` (#` (#(xir$0  0` (#(#0 ` (#` (#2#(  0  )3  0 (# (#($0  0` (#(#0 ` (#` (#0 (# (#2#(  a  )3  0h(#(#(F$0  0` (#(#0 ` (#` (#0 (# (#0h(#(#2#(   )3  0h(#h(#($0  0` (#(#0 ` (#` (#0 (# (#0h(#(#0h(#h(#2#  0  )3  0(#(#({$0  0` (#(#0 ` (#` (#0 (# (#0h(#(#0h(#h(#0(#(#2#  a  )3  0p(#(# !"#$%&xGaeimquy}Bullet ListBullets Listi)(F$0  0` (#(#0 ` (#` (#0 (# (#0h(#(#0h(#h(#0(#(#0p(#(#2#     )3  0p(#p(#  c!  CEUS.,  _ ' !"#$%&(x3 8rXXdd8 I.ARTICLES   "3"  3F23  0    Article5(d)(vii),CERD3Fs݌P (#(# Ќ  Article5 (  0  Incompliancewiththefundamentalobligationslaiddowninarticle2ofthisConvention, ` StatesPartiesundertaketoprohibitandtoeliminateracialdiscriminationinallitsformsand L  toguaranteetherightofeveryone,withoutdistinctionastorace,colour,ornationalorethnic 8  origin,toequalitybeforethelaw,notablyintheenjoymentofthefollowingrights:$ (#(# 8  0`   8 ` `  8  0`   (d)Othercivilrights,inparticular: ` `  8  8`   0 ` x` x8  x x 8  8`   0 ` x` x(vii)Therighttofreedomofthought,conscienceand t  religion...` x x "3"  323  0    Article4.1and4.2,ICCPR3݌$(#(# Ќ  UKCE.,Article4 \ 0  1.Intimeofpublicemergencywhichthreatensthelifeofthenationandtheexistenceof 4 whichisofficiallyproclaimed,theStatesPartiestothepresentCovenantmaytakemeasures   derogatingfromtheirobligationsunderthepresentCovenanttotheextentstrictlyrequired   bytheexigenciesofthesituation,providedthatsuchmeasuresarenotinconsistentwiththeir  otherobligationsunderinternationallawanddonotinvolvediscriminationsolelyonthe   groundofrace,colour,sex,language,religionorsocialorigin.p!(#(# 0  2.Noderogationfromarticles6,7,8(paragraphs1and2),11,15,16and18maybemade H# underthisprovision.4$(#(# CE.,UK.,"3"  3& 23  0    Article8.3,ICCPR3& S ݌&X"(#(# Ќ  Article8 (0!$ 0  ...)"%(#(# USCE.,0  3.0` (#(#(a)Nooneshallberequiredtoperformforcedorcompulsorylabour;*#&` (#` (#  +#' 8  0`   (b)Paragraph3(a)shallnotbeheldtopreclude,incountrieswhere  imprisonmentwithhardlabourmaybeimposedasapunishmentforacrime,  theperformanceofhardlabourinpursuanceofasentencetosuch x  punishmentbyacompetentcourt;d ` `  8  0`   (c)Forthepurposeofthisparagraphtheterm"forcedorcompulsorylabour" <  shallnotinclude:( ` `  8  8`   0 ` x` x(i)Anyworkorservice,notreferredtoinsubparagraph(b), ` normallyrequiredofapersonwhoisunderdetentionin L  consequenceofalawfulorderofacourt,orofaperson 8  duringconditionalreleasefromsuchdetention;$  x x 8  8`   0 ` x` x(ii)Anyserviceofamilitarycharacterand,incountries   whereconscientiousobjectionisrecognized,anynational   servicerequiredbylawofconscientiousobjectors;t  x x 8  8`   0 ` x` x(iii)Anyserviceexactedincasesofemergencyorcalamity L threateningthelifeorwellbeingofthecommunity;8 x x 8  8`   0 ` x` x(iv)Anyworkorservicewhichformspartofnormalcivil p obligations.\ x x CE.,US.,; "3"  3C23  0    Article18,ICCPR3Cp݌ (#(# Ќ  Article18  0  1.Everyoneshallhavetherighttofreedomofthought,conscienceandreligion.Thisright p! shallincludefreedomtohaveortoadoptareligionorbeliefofhischoice,andfreedom, \" eitherindividuallyorincommunitywithothersandinpublicorprivate,tomanifesthis H# religionorbeliefinworship,observance,practiceandteaching.4$(#(# 0  2.Nooneshallbesubjecttocoercionwhichwouldimpairhisfreedomtohaveortoadopt  &l! areligionorbeliefofhischoice.&X"(#(# 0  3.Freedomtomanifestone'sreligionorbeliefsmaybesubjectonlytosuchlimitationsas (0!$ areprescribedbylawandarenecessarytoprotectpublicsafety,order,health,ormoralsor )"% thefundamentalrightsandfreedomsofothers.*#&(#(#  +#' 0  4.TheStatesPartiestothepresentCovenantundertaketohaverespectforthelibertyof  parentsand,whenapplicable,legalguardianstoensurethereligiousandmoraleducationof  theirchildreninconformitywiththeirownconvictions.x (#(# "3"  3=23  0    Article19.1,ICCPR3=j݌< (#(# Ќ  Article19 t 0   (#(# 0  1.Everyoneshallhavetherighttoholdopinionswithoutinterference.L (#(# "3"  323  0    Article27,ICCPR3݌ (#(# Ќ  Article27   0  InthoseStatesinwhichethnic,religiousorlinguisticminoritiesexist,personsbelongingto ` suchminoritiesshallnotbedeniedtheright,incommunitywiththeothermembersoftheir L group,toenjoytheirownculture,toprofessandpracticetheirownreligion,ortousetheir 8 ownlanguage.$(#(# ̀ \ "3"  3\23  0    Article13.3,ICESCR3\݌H(#(# Ќ  Article13     ...   0  3.TheStatesPartiestothepresentCovenantundertaketohaverespectforthelibertyof  parentsand,whenapplicable,legalguardianstochoosefortheirchildrenschools,otherthan   thoseestablishedbythepublicauthorities,whichconformtosuchminimumeducational p! standardsasmaybelaiddownorapprovedbytheStateandtoensurethereligiousandmoral \" educationoftheirchildreninconformitywiththeirownconvictions.H#(#(# "3"  323  0    Article14,CRC3݌ &l!(#(# Ќ  Article14 'D # 0  1.StatesPartiesshallrespecttherightofthechildtofreedomofthought,conscienceand )"% religion.*#&(#(# UKCE.,_ +#' 0  2.StatesPartiesshallrespecttherightsanddutiesoftheparentsand,whenapplicable,legal  guardians,toprovidedirectiontothechildintheexerciseofhisorherrightinamanner  consistentwiththeevolvingcapacitiesofthechild.x (#(# 0  3.Freedomtomanifestone'sreligionorbeliefsmaybesubjectonlytosuchlimitationsas P  areprescribedbylawandarenecessarytoprotectpublicsafety,order,healthormorals,or <  thefundamentalrightsandfreedomsofothers.( (#(# CE.,UK.,)!"3"  3$23  0    Article30,CRC3$-$݌L (#(# Ќ  Article30 $  0  InthoseStatesinwhichethnic,religiousorlinguisticminoritiesorpersonsofindigenous   originexist,achildbelongingtosuchaminorityorwhoisindigenousshallnotbedenied   theright,incommunitywithothermembersofhisorhergroup,toenjoyhisorherown t  culture,toprofessandpracticehisorherownreligion,ortousehisorherownlanguage.`(#(#  ' !"#$%&(xx ' !"#$%&"3"  3='23  0    Article1.1,_CMW_3='j'݌$(#(# Ќ  Article1 \ 0  1.ThepresentConventionisapplicable,exceptasotherwiseprovidedhereafter,toall 4 migrantworkersandmembersoftheirfamilieswithoutdistinctionofanykindsuchassex,   race,colour,language,religionorconviction,politicalorotheropinion,national,ethnicor   socialorigin,nationality,age,economicposition,property,maritalstatus,birthorother  status. (#(# "3"  39*23  0    Article7,_CMW_39*f*݌H#(#(# Ќ  Article7  %  0  StatesPartiesundertake,inaccordancewiththeinternationalinstrumentsconcerninghuman &X" rights,torespectandtoensuretoallmigrantworkersandmembersoftheirfamilieswithin 'D # theirterritoryorsubjecttotheirjurisdictiontherightsprovidedforinthepresentConvention (0!$ withoutdistinctionofanykindsuchastosex,race,colour,language,religionorconviction, )"% politicalorotheropinion,national,ethnicorsocialorigin,nationality,age,economic *#& position,property,maritalstatus,birthorotherstatus.+#'(#(# Ї"3"  3-23  0    Article12,_CMW_3-.݌(#(# Ќ  Article12 d  0  1.Migrantworkersandmembersoftheirfamiliesshallhavetherighttofreedomofthought, <  conscienceandreligion.Thisrightshallincludefreedomtohaveortoadoptareligionor (  beliefoftheirchoiceandfreedomeitherindividuallyorincommunitywithothersandin t publicorprivatetomanifesttheirreligionorbeliefinworship,observance,practiceand ` teaching.L (#(# 0  2.Migrantworkersandmembersoftheirfamiliesshallnotbesubjecttocoercionthatwould $  impairtheirfreedomtohaveortoadoptareligionorbeliefoftheirchoice. (#(# 0  3.Freedomtomanifestone'sreligionorbeliefmaybesubjectonlytosuchlimitationsasare   prescribedbylawandarenecessarytoprotectpublicsafety,order,healthormoralsorthe t  fundamentalrightsandfreedomsofothers.`(#(# 0  4.StatesPartiestothepresentConventionundertaketohaverespectforthelibertyof 8 parents,atleastoneofwhomisamigrantworker,and,whenapplicable,legalguardiansto $ ensurethereligiousandmoraleducationoftheirchildreninconformitywiththeirown p convictions.\(#(# "3"  3423  0    Article13.2and13.3(d),_CMW_344݌ (#(# Ќ  Article13    ...   0  2.Migrantworkersandmembersoftheirfamiliesshallhavetherighttofreedomof p! expression;thisrightshallincludefreedomtoseek,receiveandimpartinformationand \" ideasofallkinds,regardlessoffrontiers,eitherorally,inwritingorinprint,intheformof H# artorthroughanyothermediaoftheirchoice.4$(#(# 0  3.Theexerciseoftherightprovidedforinparagraph2ofthepresentarticlecarrieswithit  &l! specialdutiesandresponsibilities.Itmaythereforebesubjecttocertainrestrictions,but &X" theseshallonlybesuchasareprovidedbylawandarenecessary:'D #(#(#    ` ... (0!$ 0  8` (#(#(d)Forthepurposeofpreventinganyadvocacyofnational,racialorreligious )"% hatredthatconstitutesincitementtodiscrimination,hostilityorviolence.*#&` `