ÿWPC  ÐC[VJX½¡zy¼ýó@fºEÿ( „$Gñ…æ1êbÉøS2ë>„M4Šû ž¬,º|TÞuÜ'AØmxy7SühOÅñhØþGŒ‹B8;'äg¨ë\TQ}j-ùˆØ’Õ}üc¥f‚Žt‚‡Î9Ã=/GïaN†r•½ ªûyÞÆ´Ï¯~‚˜¹ÆäÈ 'TVù¸ Ío{XÂFBí¡'§®£SȯM×´Uѳ}p€) pâBÌ€ 0nL 0iº 0Y# 0_| 0&ÛU6 %7 = 0ÆM #Á UNÔ Ô M" (& NN ^ P w\ 4` t mv ô\  `‹&Times New Roman' United Nations Human Rights Website - Treaty Bodies Database - Document - Jurisprudence - 4nt - Jurisprudence - "Angie Dituri"0Angie Dituri .   <ÿÿ:Default ParaÔ€ôôôÔÔ€XXXÔ< ÿÿ:Normal (Web)Ô S ÔÓ =jSÓÓ =jSÓ6ÿÿ4HyperlinkóóòòÔ ÿ ÔóóÔ  Ô<ÿÿ:FollowedHypeóóòòÔ  ÔóóÔ  Ô<qyÿÿ:HTML TypewriÔ€ôôôÔÔK€<þ6X9`(‹Courier NewKÔÔ  ÔÔ€XXXÔÔS€ô\  `‹&Times New RomanSÔÔ  Ô<þ6X9`(‹Courier New X#|x(ž¥×$¡¡ÒܰÒÒܰÒÔ..ÔÔ  ÔÔ  ÔÓ  ÓÔ€ XuüXX XÔÔ€XuüXX XuüÔÔÔ˜HP LaserJet 4000 Series PSÈÚØÚÚØÈÚ0(ÈhH  Z‹6Times New Roman Regular]¥Ž) 'gt)Ä@¡ÿU‹ÿÀÀÀÝ ƒ ¥×!ÝÒܰÒÒܰÒÔ..ÔÔ  ÔÔ  ÔÓ  ÓÔ€ Xq€XX XÔÔ€Xq€XX Xq€ÔÔÔÝ  ÝÔ_Ôò òCOMMITTEE€AGAINST€TORTUREÐ ° ÐÌòòR.€v.€FranceóóÐ |Ì ÐÌCommunication€No€52/1996Ð H˜ ÐÌ10€November€1997Ð  d ÐÌCAT/C/19/D/52/1996Ð à 0 ÐÌÌADMISSIBILITYó óÐ ’â  ÐÌÌòòòòSubmitted€byóó:€R.€(name€withheld)€Ð D”  ÐÌòòAlleged€victimóó:€The€author€Ð ` ÐÌòòState€partyóó:€France€Ð Ü, ÐÌòòDate€of€communicationóó:€20€June€1996óó€Ð ¨ø ÐÌÌòòÓ  ÓÓ  ÓThe€Committee€against€Tortureóó,€established€under€article€17€of€the€Convention€againstÐ Zª ÐTorture€and€Other€Cruel,€Inhuman€or€Degrading€Treatment€or€Punishment,€Ð @ ÐÌòòMeetingóó€on€10€November€1997,€Ð  \ ÐÌòòAdoptsóó€the€following€decision:€Ð Ø( ÐÌÓÁÓÐ Ðò òòòDecision€on€admissibilityóóó óÐ Š Ú ÐÓÓÌÌ1.€The€author€of€the€communication€is€R.,€an€Algerian€citizen€currently€residing€in€FranceÐ <#Œ" Ðand€threatened€with€deportation.€The€author€claims€that€his€deportation€from€France€wouldÐ "$r# Ðconstitute€a€violation€of€article€3€of€the€Convention€against€Torture€and€Other€Cruel,Ð %X $ ÐInhuman€or€Degrading€Treatment€or€Punishment.€Ð î%>!% ÐÌòòSummary€of€the€facts€as€submitted€by€the€authoróó€Ð º' #' ÐÌ2.1€The€author€states€that€he€became€a€member€of€the€Front€Islamique€du€Salut€(FIS)€inÐ †)Ö$) ÐAlgeria€in€February€1988.€He€was€first€arrested€in€October€1988€for€participating€in€aÐ l*¼%* Ðdemonstration€organized€in€Sidi„Bel€Abbes.€He€allegedly€broke€into€a€Monoprix€store€andÐ R+¢&+ Ðthrew€a€Molotov€cocktail€into€the€officers'€residence.€He€was€found€guilty€and€sentenced€toÐ 8,ˆ', ÐÔ_Ôsix€months'€imprisonment€and€to€pay€2,000€Algerian€dinars€in€damages.€When€freed€Ô_ÔfromÐ -n(- Ðprison,€he€was€dismissed€by€his€employer.€After€that€he€devoted€himself€to€his€politicalÐ ° Ðactivities€for€the€Ô_ÔFISÔ_Ô.€Ð –æ ÐÌ2.2€In€June€1989,€he€was€arrested€again€because€he€was€distributing€propaganda€flyers€forÐ b² Ðthe€Ô_ÔFISÔ_Ô.€He€was€sentenced€to€two€months'€imprisonment.€Ð H˜ ÐÌ2.3€In€November€1990,€he€was€arrested€for€the€third€time€and€held€in€detention€for€anÐ  d Ðunspecified€period.€He€was€allegedly€subjected€to€torture€on€the€orders€of€the€superintendentÐ ú J Ðof€police,€and€forced€into€painful€positions,€such€as€having€his€hands€tied€behind€his€legs€andÐ à 0 Ðbeing€hung€up€with€a€rag€in€his€mouth.€When€released,€he€was€sent€to€the€hospital€by€theÐ Æ   Ðpolice,€who€claimed€that€he€had€attempted€suicide.òò€1óó€The€author€also€states€that€abrasionsÐ ¬ ü  Ðfrom€the€torture€are€still€visible,€in€particular€scars€around€his€ankles.òò€2óóÐ ’â  ÐÌ2.4€In€March€1992,€the€author€and€two€other€members€of€the€Ô_ÔFISÔ_Ô€were€arrested.€He€claimsÐ ^®  Ðthat€he€was€falsely€accused€of€an€attack€on€a€hotel€in€December€1990.€He€does€not€say€whatÐ D”  Ðsentence€he€received€after€being€found€guilty.€After€two€months'€detention,€he€went€on€aÐ *z  Ðhunger€strike€to€assert€his€claim€of€innocence.€After€another€month€he€was€granted€bail€underÐ ` Ðjudicial€supervision€òò(mise€en€Ô_ÔlibertÔ_Ô€Ô_ÔprovisoireÔ_Ô€Ô_ÔsousÔ_Ô€Ô_Ôcontr_leÔ_Ô€Ô_ÔjudiciaireÔ_Ô)óó€for€health€reasons.Ð öF ÐIn€June€1992,€while€on€bail,€he€left€Algeria€and€fled€to€France.€Ð Ü, ÐÌ2.5€In€France,€after€his€request€for€asylum€was€rejected,€the€author€requested€a€residenceÐ ¨ø Ðpermit,€which€was€refused€him€by€the€prefect€of€the€Val€Ô_Ôd'OiseÔ_Ô€on€12€August€1993.€HisÐ ŽÞ Ðappeal€was€also€rejected.€Ð tÄ ÐÌ2.6€In€November€1993,€a€deportation€order€was€issued€against€him.€His€appeal€was€rejectedÐ @ Ðby€the€Tribunal€Ô_ÔAdministratifÔ_Ô€de€Versailles.€Ð &v ÐÌòòThe€complaintóó€Ð òB ÐÌ3.€The€author€argues€that€if€he€returns€to€Algeria€he€will€be€arrested€and€tortured€againÐ ¾ Ðbecause€of€his€participation€in€the€political€activities€of€the€Ô_ÔFISÔ_Ô.€He€states€that€if€France€goesÐ ¤ô Ðahead€with€the€deportation€order,€it€will€be€violating€article€3€of€the€Convention€againstÐ Š Ú ÐTorture€and€Other€Cruel,€Inhuman€or€Degrading€Treatment€or€Punishment.€Ð p!À  ÐÌòòComments€of€the€State€party€on€the€admissibility€of€the€communication€óóÐ <#Œ" ÐÌ4.€On€25€September€1996,€the€Committee,€through€its€Special€Rapporteur,€transmitted€theÐ %X $ Ðcommunication€to€the€State€party€for€comments,€requesting€it€not€to€expel€the€author€whileÐ î%>!% Ðhis€communication€was€under€consideration€by€the€Committee.€Ð Ô&$"& ÐÌ5.1€In€a€reply€dated€9€December€1996,€the€State€party€challenges€the€admissibility€of€theÐ  (ð#( Ðcomplaint.€Ð †)Ö$) ÐÌ5.2€The€State€party€recalls€that€the€author€entered€French€territory€on€15€June€1992€and€filedÐ R+¢&+ Ða€request€for€asylum€on€11€August€1992.€His€request€was€rejected€on€30€September€by€theÐ 8,ˆ', ÐOffice€Ô_ÔFran aisÔ_Ô€de€Protection€des€Ô_ÔRfugisÔ_Ô€et€Ô_ÔApatridesÔ_Ô€(Ô_ÔOFPRAÔ_Ô)€on€the€grounds€that€theÐ -n(- Ðcursory€and€muddled€explanations€of€the€author,€and€their€lack€of€credibility,€make€itÐ ° Ðimpossible€to€determine€the€reality€of€his€political€commitment€and€the€extent€to€which€hisÐ –æ Ðfears€of€persecution€by€the€Algerian€authorities€are€justified.€On€29€June€1993,€the€RefugeeÐ |Ì ÐBoard€(Commission€de€Ô_ÔrecoursÔ_Ô€des€Ô_ÔrfugisÔ_Ô)€confirmed€that€decision.€Ð b² ÐÌ5.3€On€12€August€1993,€the€author€received€a€formal€request€to€leave€French€territory.€AsÐ . ~ Ðhe€failed€to€comply€within€the€specified€time€limit,€a€deportation€order€was€issued€againstÐ  d Ðhim€by€the€prefect€of€the€Val€Ô_Ôd'OiseÔ_Ô€on€25€November€1993.€The€author€appealed€against€thatÐ ú J Ðorder€to€the€Tribunal€Ô_ÔAdministratifÔ_Ô€de€Versailles.€The€Tribunal€rejected€his€appeal€on€26Ð à 0 ÐNovember€1993€as€inadmissible€on€the€grounds€of€failure€to€provide€a€statement€of€facts€andÐ Æ   Ðarguments.€Ð ¬ ü  ÐÌ5.4€The€State€party€notes€that€the€author€requested€a€residence€permit,€which€was€refusedÐ xÈ  Ðhim€by€the€prefect€of€the€Val€Ô_Ôd'OiseÔ_Ô€on€12€August€1993.€His€appeal€against€that€decision€wasÐ ^®  Ðturned€down€by€the€Minister€of€the€Interior€on€30€August€1993.€On€13€June€1995,€theÐ D”  ÐTribunal€rejected€the€author's€appeal€against€the€Minister's€decision.€On€10€November€1995,Ð *z  Ðthe€author€was€appealing€against€that€latest€decision€before€the€Ô_ÔConseilÔ_Ô€Ô_Ôd'EtatÔ_Ô.€Ð ` ÐÌ5.5€The€State€party€maintains€that€domestic€remedies€have€not€been€exhausted.€AccordingÐ Ü, Ðto€the€State€party,€the€author€could€ask€the€administrative€court€for€an€annulment€of€theÐ Â Ðrequest€to€leave€French€territory,€which€he€has€not€done.€The€State€party€also€points€out€thatÐ ¨ø Ðthe€Ô_ÔConseilÔ_Ô€Ô_Ôd'EtatÔ_Ô€has€yet€to€rule€on€the€author's€appeal€against€the€refusal€to€grant€him€aÐ ŽÞ Ðresidence€permit.€Ð tÄ ÐÌ5.6€Lastly,€the€State€party€stresses€that€the€author€has€not€exhausted€available€remediesÐ @ Ðagainst€the€deportation€order.€It€observes€that€his€request€to€the€Tribunal€Ô_ÔAdministratifÔ_Ô€deÐ &v ÐVersailles€was€rejected€because€it€was€inadmissible€owing€to€its€lack€of€substantiation.€TheÐ  \ ÐState€party€maintains€that,€owing€to€the€subsidiary€nature€of€appeal€to€international€bodies,Ð òB Ðsettled€judicial€practice€dictates€that€domestic€judicial€remedies€are€not€exhausted€simply€byÐ Ø( Ðbeing€invoked;€the€matter€must€also€have€been€referred€to€the€national€authorities€in€theÐ ¾ Ðproper€manner.€Citing€the€judicial€practice€of€the€European€Commission,€the€State€partyÐ ¤ô Ðasserts,€accordingly,€that€the€author€of€a€communication€whose€application€for€domesticÐ Š Ú Ðremedy€has€been€declared€inadmissible€because€of€its€failure€to€meet€the€requirements€ofÐ p!À  Ðnational€law,€particularly€as€to€form€and€time€limit,€has€not€exhausted€domestic€judicialÐ V"¦! Ðremedies.€As€in€this€case€the€author€has€not€brought€the€matter€to€court€in€the€mannerÐ <#Œ" Ðrequired,€the€State€party€maintains€that€he€has€therefore€not€made€good€the€claim€of€aÐ "$r# Ðviolation€of€article€3€of€the€Convention,€which€would€have€been€an€entirely€effectiveÐ %X $ Ðrecourse.€Ð î%>!% ÐÌ5.7€The€State€party€observes€that€an€appeal€against€a€deportation€order€is€particularlyÐ º' #' Ðeffective,€since€it€results€in€the€suspension€of€the€administrative€decision€for€deportation€andÐ  (ð#( Ðsince€the€court€must€give€a€ruling€within€48€hours€of€the€matter€being€referred€to€it.€Ð †)Ö$) ÐÌòòComments€of€the€authoróó€Ð R+¢&+ ÐÌ6.1€In€a€letter€dated€10€February€1997,€the€author€asserts€that€the€Tribunal€Ô_ÔAdministratifÔ_Ô€deÐ -n(- ÐVersailles€did€not€take€account,€in€its€decision€of€13€June€1995€to€refuse€him€a€residenceÐ ° Ðpermit,€of€the€documents€submitted€to€it€as€supporting€evidence€of€his€integration€intoÐ –æ ÐFrench€society.€He€adds€that€he€did€not€receive€a€summons€to€appear€in€court€to€hear€theÐ |Ì Ðdecision.€Ð b² ÐÌ6.2€The€author€maintains€that€his€lawyer€filed€an€appeal€against€the€request€to€leave€FrenchÐ . ~ Ðterritory€of€12€August€1993,€and€that€it€was€rejected.€Ð  d ÐÌ6.3€The€author€explains€that€he€was€never€informed€of€the€many€judicial€remedies€availableÐ à 0 Ðto€him.€He€therefore€did€not€know€he€could€ask€the€administrative€court€for€an€annulmentÐ Æ   Ðof€the€request€to€leave€French€territory.€Ð ¬ ü  ÐÌ6.4€He€points€out€that€the€proceedings€before€the€Ô_ÔConseilÔ_Ô€Ô_Ôd'EtatÔ_Ô€will€probably€take€threeÐ xÈ  Ðyears€and€that€he€cannot€wait€for€its€reply.€Ð ^®  ÐÌ6.5€The€author€submits€supporting€documents€to€substantiate€his€integration€into€FrenchÐ *z  Ðsociety.€Ð ` ÐÌòòConsiderations€of€the€Committeeóó€Ð Ü, ÐÌ7.1€Before€considering€any€claim€in€a€communication,€the€Committee€against€Torture€mustÐ ¨ø Ðdecide€whether€or€not€it€is€admissible€under€article€22€of€the€Convention.€Ð ŽÞ ÐÌ7.2€Pursuant€to€article€22,€paragraph€5€(b),€of€the€Convention€the€Committee€is€precludedÐ Zª Ðfrom€considering€any€communication€unless€it€has€been€ascertained€that€all€availableÐ @ Ðdomestic€remedies€have€been€exhausted;€this€rule€does€not€apply€if€it€is€established€that€theÐ &v Ðapplication€of€domestic€remedies€has€been€or€would€be€unreasonably€prolonged€or€wouldÐ  \ Ðbe€unlikely€to€bring€effective€relief€to€the€presumed€victim.€In€the€case€under€consideration,Ð òB Ðthe€author€has€not€asked€the€administrative€judge€for€an€annulment€of€the€request€to€leaveÐ Ø( ÐFrench€territory;€he€has€not€completed€his€appeal€against€the€deportation€order€before€theÐ ¾ ÐTribunal€Ô_ÔAdministratifÔ_Ô€de€Versailles;€and€the€rejection€of€his€request€for€a€residence€permitÐ ¤ô Ðis€under€appeal€before€the€Ô_ÔConseilÔ_Ô€Ô_Ôd'EtatÔ_Ô.€The€author€has€not€presented€any€reasons€forÐ Š Ú Ðbelieving€that€these€appeals€have€little€chance€of€success.€The€Committee€finds€that€theÐ p!À  Ðrequirements€under€article€22,€paragraph€5€(b),€of€the€Convention€have€not€been€met.€Ð V"¦! ÐÌ8.€The€Committee€therefore€decides:€Ð "$r# ÐÌ(a)€That€the€communication€as€it€stands€is€inadmissible;€Ð î%>!% ÐÌ(b)€That€this€decision€shall€be€communicated€to€the€author€and,€for€information,€to€the€StateÐ º' #' Ðparty.€Ð  (ð#( ÐÌ_________Ð l*¼%* ÐÌ1/€€€Two€medical€certificates,€dated€14€November€1990€and€2€September€1993,€and€oneÐ 8,ˆ', Ðadmission€certificate€dated€8€August€1993€attest€that€R.€was€hospitalized€from€4€to€13Ð -n(- ÐNovember€1990.Ð ° ÐÌ2/€€€A€medical€certificate€dated€18€January€1993€attests€that€the€marks€found€on€the€author'sÐ |Ì Ðbody€are€compatible€with€the€torture€he€describes.€Ð b² ÐÌÌ[Adopted€in€English,€French,€Russian€and€Spanish,€the€French€text€being€the€originalÐ  d Ðversion.]€Ð ú J ÐÓcÓ