ÿWPCƒ %|sªKdAÞ$D)IiTÍ €¬¶üî¶3u:ee/K£4úX®m ¥ÀtÚ­úûêZ)czÌåM@?×Ò¦OÞÙXèù§°~YœŽ@ÑØX_¯Qt ¼„±ª¦,ÈýÌúœ8«Œm¹rú¯üùN»FÖÐjIè(ûx¹Æ$1 ¸€Ûʬe)Ã@¢¤.î從÷vê¾M@Ä!HÚJ“qò¢ñàË1dQ’ µF& Ïp¡™¹imú=5ª%Oî•â<º¦£Ï÷QhÚ[Ä’tsÆBµ„××9šúIæG3QÃé¾gMð”CZÊ!¨WûCÚ^ì†`Æåÿb8+Ÿ±z•®¸:Îfâi=s¨4$7Ø —6å«*w4< Ê™ÀÑGäô£‘ùÐOàê{ÿ­©óÈa6×qKASây˜qÝ­˜Ål«"°íiÞ{ó³°dè¼1|t>L)'¥M«ˆ‹”qµ® ÞßZA¨ÝžÒ*ï¹eêz̸ 0µ„ 0<9 0Yu 0_Î 0i- 0P–Ææ 0ᬠ0( D+µ AMà - 0Æ= #Á UNÄ %M(ND^ FwR4Vj mlô\  `‹&Times New Roman' David Alberto Campora Schweizer v. Uruguay, Communication No. 66/1980 (15 March 1980), U.N4 (15 March 1980), U.N"Angie Dituri"0Angie Dituri .   6F , ÿÿ4Heading 3Ô S ÔÓ p^SÓÔ€£££Ôò òÔ  ÔÔ  ÔÔ€XXXÔó óÓ p^SÓ<ÿÿ:Default Para6ÿÿ4HyperlinkóóòòÔ ÿ ÔóóÔ  Ô<ÿÿ:FollowedHypeóóòòÔ  ÔóóÔ  Ô< ÿÿ:Normal (Web)Ô S ÔÓ =jSÓÓ =jSÓ0ÿÿ.Strongò òÔ  Ôó óÔ  Ô Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Level 4 Level 5(¹2†J$££Ý ƒU³!ÝÒÜ°ÒÒÜ°ÒÔ..ÔÔ  ÔÔ  ÔÓ  ÓÔ€Xc7XXXÔÔ€Xc7XXXc7ÔÔÔÝ  Ý(ÿÿ$’’'dxd A<< cÿÿ#|x(žU³$¡¡ÒÜ°ÒÒÜ°ÒÔ..ÔÔ  ÔÔ  ÔÓ  ÓÔ€XzXXXÔÔ€XzXXXzÔÔÔ˜HP LaserJet 6P/6MP - Standard,ä,,,,,ä0(ÈhH  Z‹6Times New Roman RegularXû* Äpì*c(„³CorelÿU‹ÿÀÀÀÝ ƒU³!ÝÒÜ°ÒÒÜ°ÒÔ..ÔÔ  ÔÔ  ÔÓ  ÓÔ€Xc7XXXÔÔ€Xc7XXXc7ÔÔÔÝ  ÝÔ_Ôò òHUMAN€RIGHTS€COMMITTEEÐ ° ÐÌòòÔ_ÔSchweizerÔ_Ô€v.€UruguayóóÐ |Ì ÐÌCommunication€No.€66/1980Ð H˜ ÐÌ12€October€1982Ð  d ÐÌÌVIEWSó óÐ Æ   ÐÌÌòòòòSubmitted€by:óó€Initially€submitted€by€Olga€Ô_ÔMachadoÔ_Ô€de€Ô_ÔCamporaÔ_Ô€on€behalf€of€herÐ xÈ  Ðhusband,€David€Alberto€Ô_ÔCamporaÔ_Ô€Ô_ÔSchweizerÔ_Ô,€who€later€joined€as€submitting€party€Ð ^®  ÐÌòòÔ_ÔAllededÔ_Ô€victim:€óóDavid€Alberto€Ô_ÔCamporaÔ_Ô€Ô_ÔSchweizerÔ_ԀР*z  ÐÌòòState€party€concerned:€óóUruguay€Ð öF ÐÌòòDate€of€communication:€óó15€March€1980€(date€of€initial€letter)€Ð  ÐÌòòDate€of€decision€on€admissibility:€óó28€July€1981€óóÐ ŽÞ ÐÌÌòòÓ  ÓThe€Human€Rights€Committeeóó,€established€under€article€28€of€the€International€CovenantÐ @ Ðon€Civil€and€Political€Rights,€Ð &v ÐÌòòMeetingóó€on€12€October€1982,€Ð òB ÐÌòòHaving€concludedóó€its€consideration€of€communication€No.€66/1980,€initially€submitted€byÐ ¾ ÐOlga€Ô_ÔMachadoÔ_Ô€de€Ô_ÔCamporaÔ_Ô€under€the€Optional€Protocol€to€the€International€Covenant€onÐ ¤ô ÐCivil€and€Political€Rights,€Ð Š Ú ÐÌòòHaving€taken€into€accountóó€all€written€information€made€available€to€it€by€the€initial€authorÐ V"¦! Ðof€the€communication,€the€alleged€victim€and€by€the€State€party€concerned,€Ð <#Œ" ÐÌòòAdoptsóó€the€following:€Ð %X $ ÐÌÌòòò òÓ  ÓViews€under€article€5€(4)€of€the€Optional€Protocoló óóóÐ º' #' ÐÓåÓÌÌ1.€The€initial€author€of€this€communication,€Olga€Ô_ÔMachadoÔ_Ô€de€Ô_ÔCamporaÔ_Ô€(initial€letter€datedÐ l*¼%* Ð15€March€1980)€is€a€Uruguayan€national,€residing€in€the€Federal€Republic€of€Germany.€SheÐ R+¢&+ Ðsubmitted€the€communication€on€behalf€of€her€husband,€David€Alberto€Ô_ÔCamporaÔ_Ô€Ô_ÔSchweizerÔ_Ô,Ð 8,ˆ', Ðalleging€that€he€was€arbitrarily€imprisoned€in€Uruguay€and€that€he€is€a€victim€of€a€violationÐ -n(- Ðby€Uruguay€of€his€rights€under€the€International€Covenant€on€Civil€and€Political€Rights.€Ð ° ÐÌ2.1€The€author€described€the€relevant€facts€as€follows:€Ð |Ì ÐÌ2.2€David€Alberto€Ô_ÔCamporaÔ_Ô€Ô_ÔSchweizerÔ_Ô,€a€Uruguayan€national€(45€years€old€at€the€time€ofÐ H˜ Ðthe€submission€of€the€communication),€was€arrested€in€March€1971€on€grounds€ofÐ . ~ Ð"association€to€break€the€law"€(article€150€of€the€Penal€Code).€In€September€1971€he€escapedÐ  d Ðfrom€prison€together€with€other€political€detainees,€but€in€April€1972€he€was€re„arrested€andÐ ú J Ðdetained€incommunicado€for€several€weeks.€On€15€June€1972,€he€was€transferred€to€theÐ à 0 ÐÔ_ÔBatallonÔ_Ô€de€Ô_ÔInfanteriaÔ_Ô€No.€1€by€the€military€authorities€and€allegedly€subjected€to€severeÐ Æ   Ðtorture.€Ð ¬ ü  ÐÌ2.3€The€author€further€stated€that€a€judge€ordered€her€husband's€release€in€May€1974€and€thatÐ xÈ  Ðhis€request€to€leave€the€country€was€officially€approved€in€November€1974.€He€was,Ð ^®  Ðhowever,€kept€imprisoned€without€charges€at€the€disposal€of€the€Executive€authorities€underÐ D”  Ðthe€'prompt€security€measures'€until€August€1977.€She€stressed€that,€during€this€time,€thereÐ *z  Ðwere€no€legal€remedies€available€to€her€husband.€She€adds€that€from€March€1975€to€AugustÐ ` Ð1977€he€was€subjected€to€mistreatment€at€the€barracks€of€Trinidad.€Ð öF ÐÌ2.4€In€August€1977,€the€trial€(Ô_ÔprocesamientoÔ_Ô)€was€continued€before€a€military€court€after€lawÐ Â ÐNo.€14.493€of€December€1975€had€retroactively€placed€all€political€crimes€(chapter€VI€of€theÐ ¨ø ÐMilitary€Penal€Cede)€under€military€jurisdiction,€including€proceedings€against€civilians.€InÐ ŽÞ Ðaddition€to€being€charged€with€the€offences€which€had€been€investigated€between€1971€andÐ tÄ Ð1974,€at€this€new€stage€of€the€proceedings€her€husband€was€also€prosecuted€on€the€chargeÐ Zª Ðof€*use€of€a€false€document'€(article€237€of€the€Penal€Code)€which€had€not€been€included€inÐ @ Ðthe€proceedings€before€the€ordinary€judge.€His€new€place€of€detention€was€Ô_ÔLibertadÔ_Ô€prison.€Ð &v ÐÌ3.1€In€a€further€letter€dated€11€June€1980,€replying€to€the€secretariat*s€request€forÐ òB Ðclarification€as€to€whether€the€same€matter€had€been€submitted€to€the€Inter„AmericanÐ Ø( ÐCommission€on€Human€Rights,€the€author€stated€that,€at€her€request,€Ô_ÔIACHRÔ_Ô€hadÐ ¾ Ðdiscontinued€consideration€of€her€husband's€case.€Ð ¤ô ÐÌ3.2€She€also€informed€the€Committee€that€the€indictment€against€her€husband€was€issued€onÐ p!À  Ð15€March€1980,€and€that€his€lawyer,€Dr.€Juan€P.€Ô_ÔLabatÔ_Ô,€presented€his€Ô_ÔdefenceÔ_Ô€at€theÐ V"¦! Ðbeginning€of€April€1980.€Ð <#Œ" ÐÌ3.3€She€enclosed€in€this€connection€a€copy€of€a€memorandum€dated€24€March€1980Ð %X $ Ðcontaining€the€indictment€of€her€husband€of€12€March€1980.€The€charges€brought€againstÐ î%>!% Ðhim€were:€"association€in€order€to€commit€criminal€offences"€òò(Ô_ÔasociacionÔ_Ô€para€Ô_ÔdelinquirÔ_Ô),Ð Ô&$"& Ðóó"attack€on€the€Constitution€at€the€stage€of€conspiracy€followed€by€preparatory€acts"€òò(Ô_ÔatentadoÔ_ÔÐ º' #' Ða€la€Ô_ÔConstitucionÔ_Ô€en€el€Ô_ÔgradoÔ_Ô€de€Ô_ÔconsptracionÔ_Ô€Ô_ÔseguidaÔ_Ô€de€Ô_ÔactosÔ_Ô€Ô_ÔpreparatoriosÔ_Ô),€óó"falsificationÐ  (ð#( Ðof€public€documents"€and€"escape€from€prison"€òò(Ô_ÔautoevasionÔ_Ô).óó€The€legal€bases€of€theseÐ †)Ö$) Ðcharges€were€the€following€articles€of€the€Ordinary€Penal€Codes€150,€54,€56,€132€paragraphsÐ l*¼%* Ð6,€137,€237€and€184.€The€sentence€asked€for€was€eight€years€of€imprisonment,€taking€intoÐ R+¢&+ Ðaccount€his€previous€detention,€and€that€David€Alberto€Ô_ÔCamporaÔ_Ô€Ô_ÔSchweizerÔ_Ô€be€declared€aÐ 8,ˆ', Ð"habitual€criminal"€with€a€consequence€of€three€to€four€years'€precautionary€detentionÐ -n(- ÐÔ_Ôòò(medidas€de€seguridad€eliminativas)€óóarticle€92€(4)€of€the€Penal€Code).€Ð ° ÐÌ3.4€The€author€also€enclosed€with€her€letter€of€11€June€1980,€two€testimonies,€one€from€Dr.Ð |Ì ÐAlejandro€Artucio€dated€22€March€1978€and€one€from€Julio€Cesar€Modernell€dated€13Ð b² ÐSeptember€1977.€Ð H˜ ÐÌ3.5€Dr.€Artucio€states€that€he€had€been€the€lawyer€of€persons€who€had€been€imprisonedÐ  d Ðtogether.€with€the€alleged€victim€and€that€for€this€reason€he€knew€his€case€very€well.€TheÐ ú J Ðwriter€gives€in€particular€a€detailed€legal€background€on€David€Campora's€situation.€HeÐ à 0 Ðmentions€that€the€judicial€decision€of€23€May€1974€providing€for€the€provisional€release€ofÐ Æ   ÐDavid€Campora€was€based€on€the€consideration€that€the€deprivation€of€liberty€alreadyÐ ¬ ü  Ðsuffered€by€him€was€sufficient€and€that€the€punishment€liable€to€be€imposed€on€him€wouldÐ ’â  Ðnot€exceed€that€period€of€three€years..€He€also€quotes€the€reasons€given€for€the€executiveÐ xÈ  Ðdecision€to€keep€David€Campora€in€detention€under€"Prompt€Security€Measures"€:€TakingÐ ^®  Ðinto€account€the€background€of€the€case,€the€fact€that€Campora€is€very€dangerous€and€hisÐ D”  Ðrecidivism,€the€Executive€orders€his€detention€..."€Commenting€m€the€continuation€of€theÐ *z  Ðcriminal€proceedings€against€David€Campora€by€military€tribunals,€he€explains€that,€inÐ ` ÐDecember€1975,€new€legislation€(Law€No.€14.493)€Fame€into€force€in€Uruguay,€whichÐ öF Ðretroactively€established€the€jurisdiction€of€the€military€courts€in€all€cases€of€so„calledÐ Ü, Ðpolitical€offences€òò(lesa€nacion).€óóThis€law€was€also€applicable€in€the€case€of€the€allegedÐ Â Ðvictim.€Dr.€Artucio€further€mentions€that€he€himself€was€detained€in€Uruguay€in€connectionÐ ¨ø Ðwith€his€activities€is€a€defence€lawyer€and€that€he€met€David€Campora€in€a€MontevideoÐ ŽÞ Ðprison€(building€)f€the€Batallon€de€Infanteria€No.€1,€Florida)€in€1972,€where€he€claims€toÐ tÄ Ðhave€witnessed€the€mistreatment€and€torture€to€which€the€alleged€victim€was€subjectedÐ Zª Ð(giving€details).€Ð @ ÐÌ3.6€Julio€Cesar€Modernell€states€in€his€testimony€that€he€was€imprisoned€together€with€theÐ  \ Ðalleged€victim€for€two€years€in€the€buildings€of€the€òòArtilleria€de€Trinidad€óóuntil€his€release€inÐ òB ÐOctober€1976.€He€describes€the€general€conditions€of€their€imprisonment€(extremely€poorÐ Ø( Ðhygiene)€and€mentions,€òòinter€alia,€óóthat€the€treatment€to€which€the€prisoners€were€subjectedÐ ¾ Ðworsened€with€the€arrival€of€new€military€officials€in€February€1976.€It€was€the€systematicÐ ¤ô Ðpolicy€to€provoke€the€prisoners,€followed€by€new€interrogations€and€mistreatmentÐ Š Ú Ðòò(plantones).€óóThe€writer€states€in€this€context€that€David€Campora€was€one€night€attacked€andÐ p!À  Ðbadly€beaten€by€an€official€named€Alferez€Queirolo,€who€was€briefly€arrested€upon€theÐ V"¦! Ðcomplaint€by€relatives€of€the€prisoners,€but€then€was€allowed€to€continue€with€hisÐ <#Œ" Ðmistreatment€of€prisoners.€According€to€a€carefully€developed€plan,€a€period€of€extremelyÐ "$r# Ðharsh€treatment€would€be€followed€by€one€of€relative€ease€during€which€the€prisoner€wasÐ %X $ Ðtold€that€his€release€was€imminent,€thus€creating€false€hope€for€him€and€his€family.€ThisÐ î%>!% Ðtreatment€was€aimed€to€"break"€the€prisoner€psychologically.€Ð Ô&$"& ÐÌ4.€By€its€decision€of€21€July€1980,€the€Working€Group€of€the€Human€Rights€Committee,Ð  (ð#( Ðhaving€decided€that€the€author€of€the€communication€was€justified€in€acting€on€behalf€of€theÐ †)Ö$) Ðalleged€victim,€transmitted€the€communication€under€rule€91€of€the€provisional€rules€ofÐ l*¼%* Ðprocedure€to€the€State€party€concerned,€requesting€information€and€observations€relevant€toÐ R+¢&+ Ðthe€question€of€admissibility€of€the€communication.€Ð 8,ˆ', ÐÐ -n(- Ð5.€In€a€further€letter€dated€8€October€1980,€the€author€stated€that€the€military€tribunal€of€firstÐ ° Ðinstance€had€sentenced€her€husband€to€nine€years€of€imprisonment€and€one€or€two€years€ofÐ –æ Ðprecautionary€detention€òò(medidas€de€seguridad€eliminativas).€óóShe€informed€the€CommitteeÐ |Ì Ðthat€her€husband's€lawyer€had€already€appealed€against€the€judgement€rendered€against€herÐ b² Ðhusband,€to€the€Supreme€Military€Tribunal.€Ð H˜ ÐÌ6.€By€a€note€dated€14€November€1980,€the€State€party€objected€to€the€admissibility€of€theÐ  d Ðcommunication€on€the€ground€that€domestic€remedies€had€not€been€exhausted.€In€support€ofÐ ú J Ðthat€objection,€the€State€party€confirmed€that€on€10€September€1980€the€court€of€firstÐ à 0 Ðinstance€had€pronounced€a€sentence€of€nine€years'€rigorous€imprisonment€plus€two€years'Ð Æ   Ðprecautionary€detention€òò(medidas€eliminativas)€óóin€the€case.€The€State€party€further€added€thatÐ ¬ ü  Ðunder€the€provisions€of€article€489€of€the€Code€of€Military€Penal€Procedure,€appeal€isÐ ’â  Ðautomaic€for€every€final€judgement€imposing€a€prison€sentence€of€more€than€three€years€and,Ð xÈ  Ðwhen€the€judgement€in€the€second€instance€has€been€pronounced,€there€is€still€the€possibilityÐ ^®  Ðof€applying€for€the€remedies€of€annulment€and€review€which€are€also€provided€for€in€theÐ D”  ÐCode€of€Military€Penal€Procedure.€Ð *z  ÐÌ7.€The€author€in€a€further€letter€of€7€December€1980€stated€that€she€had€learned€from€herÐ öF Ðhusband's€lawyer€that€his€trial€before€the€Supreme€Military€Tribunal€had€taken€place€on€13Ð Ü, ÐNovember€1980,€that€the€court€had€ordered€his€immediate€release,€considering€that€he€hadÐ Â Ðserved€his€sentence,€without€ordering€any€precautionary€detention€òò(madida€de€seguridad).óó€Ð ¨ø ÐÌ8.€In€an€additional€letter€dated€12€January€1981,€the€author€informed€the€Committee€that€herÐ tÄ Ðhusband€had€arrived€in€Cologne,€Federal€Republic€of€Germany,€on€14€December€1980.€SheÐ Zª Ðstated€that,€on€12€December,€at€5€p.m.,€her€husband€was€taken€out€of€Libertad€prison€andÐ @ Ðbrought€to€the€police€headquarters€in€Montevideo,€where€the€Ambassador€of€the€FederalÐ &v ÐRepublic€of€Germany€in€Uruguay,€Mr.€Marre,€issued€him€a€òòfremdenpassóó€(travel€document)Ð  \ Ðof€the€Federal€Republic€of€Germany€with€which€he€travelled€on€13€December€1980€to€theÐ òB ÐFederal€Republic€of€Germany.€The€author€added€that,€upon€arrival€in€that€country,€herÐ Ø( Ðhusband€was€brought€to€a€Sanatorium€for€two€weeks€because€of€his€precarious€state€ofÐ ¾ Ðhealth.€Ð ¤ô ÐÌ9.€In€an€interim€decision€of€31€March€1981,€the€Human€Rights€Committee€asked€DavidÐ p!À  ÐAlberto€Campora€Schweizer€whether€he€wished€the€Committee€to€pursue€the€matter.€In€theÐ V"¦! Ðaffirmative,€the€alleged€victim€was€requested€to€acquaint€himself€with€the€contents€of€theÐ <#Œ" Ðsubmissions€previously€made€on€his€behalf€and€the€submissions€made€by€the€State€party,Ð "$r# Ðwith€a€view€to:€(a)€correcting€any€inaccuracies€which€he€might€find€in€the€submissions€madeÐ %X $ Ðon€his€behalf;€(b)€commenting€as€he€deemed€relevant€on€the€submissions€of€the€State€party;Ð î%>!% Ð(c)€adding€any€further€information€which€he€might€wish€to€place€before€the€Human€RightsÐ Ô&$"& ÐCommittee€for€consideration€in€his€case.€Ð º' #' ÐÌ10.€In€a€reply€dated€28€May€1981,€David€Campora€informed€the€Committee€that€he€wishedÐ †)Ö$) Ðto€corroborate€explicitly€and€entirely€all€the€facts€reported€by€his€wife,"€the€author€of€theÐ l*¼%* Ðcommunication,€and€to€confirm€the€existence€of€the€violations€of€rights€recognized€in€theÐ R+¢&+ ÐInternational€Covenant€on€Civil€and€Political€Rights,€referred€to€by€her.€He€further€stated€thatÐ 8,ˆ', Ðthe€Committee€should€continue€to€consider€his€case€until€it€reaches€a€decision€on€theÐ -n(- Ðsubstance€of€the€matter.€Ð ° ÐÌ11.€In€a€further€letter€dated€i€July€1981,€David€Campora€gives€a€description€of€the€treatmentÐ |Ì Ðto€which€prisoners€were€subjected€in€Military€Detention€Establishment€No.€1€(LibertadÐ b² Ðprison)€where€he€was€held€from€August€1977€until€his€release€in€December€1980.€HeÐ H˜ Ðdescribed€the€daily€life€of€the€prisoners,€including€their€constant€harassment€and€persecutionÐ . ~ Ðby€the€guards;€the€regime€of€arbitrary€prohibitions€and€unnecessary€torments;€theÐ  d Ðcombination€of€solitude€and€isolation€on.€the€one€hand€and€the€fact€of€being€constantlyÐ ú J Ðwatched,€listened€to€and€followed€by€microphones€and€through€peepholes€on€the€other€hand;Ð à 0 Ðthe€lack€of€contact€with€their€families,€aggravated€by€worries€about€the€difficultiesÐ Æ   Ðexperienced€and€pressures€exerted€on€their€families}€the€cruel€conditions€In€the€punishmentÐ ¬ ü  Ðwing€in€which€a€prisoner€might€be€confined€for€up€to€90€days€at€a€time}€the€breakdown€ofÐ ’â  Ðphysical€and€mental€health€through€malnutrition,€lack€of€sunshine€and€exercise,€as€well€asÐ xÈ  Ðnervous€problems€created€by€tension€and€ill„treatment.€In€sum,€he€asserts€that€the€LibertadÐ ^®  Ðprison€is€'an€institution€designed,€established€and€operated€with€the€exclusive€objective€ofÐ D”  Ðtotally€destroying€the€individual€personality€of€everyone€of€the€prisoners€confined€in€its.€Ð *z  ÐÌ12.€On€20€July€1981,€the€Committee€decided:€Ð öF ÐÌ(a)€That€the€communication€was€admissible€in€so€far€as€it€related€to€events€said€to€haveÐ Â Ðoccurred€on€or€after€23€March€1976€(the€date€of€the€entry€into€force€of€the€Covenant€and€theÐ ¨ø ÐOptional€Protocol€for€Uruguay);€Ð ŽÞ ÐÌ(b)€That,€in€accordance€with€article€4€(2)€of€the€Optional€Protocol,€the€State€party€beÐ Zª Ðrequested€to€submit€to€the€Committee,€within€six€months€of€the€date€of€the€transmittal€to€itÐ @ Ðof€this€decision,€written€explanations€or€statements€clarifying€the€matter€and€the€remedy,€ifÐ &v Ðany,€that€may€have€been€taken€by€it;€Ð  \ ÐÌ(c)€That€the€State€party€be€informed€that€the€written€explanations€or€statements€submittedÐ Ø( Ðby€it€under€article€4€(2)€of€the€Optional€Protocol€must€relate€primarily€to€the€substance€of€theÐ ¾ Ðmatter€under€consideration.€The€Committee€stressed€that,€in€order€to€perform€itsÐ ¤ô Ðresponsibilities,€it€required€specific€responses€to€the€allegations€which€had€been€made€by€theÐ Š Ú Ðauthor€of€the€communication€and€the€State€party's€explanations€to€the€actions€taken€by€it.€TheÐ p!À  ÐState€party€was€requested,€in€this€connection,€to€enclose€copies€of€any€court€orders€orÐ V"¦! Ðdecisions€of€relevance€to€the€matter€under€consideration.€Ð <#Œ" ÐÌ13.€On€18€February€1982,€the€time„limit€for€observations€requested€from€the€State€partyÐ %X $ Ðunder€article€4€(2)€of€the€Optional€Protocol€expired.€However,€no€submission€has€yet€beenÐ î%>!% Ðreceived€from€the€State€party,€in€addition€to€that€received€by€the€Committee€prior€to€theÐ Ô&$"& Ðdecision€on€the€admissibility€of€the€communication.€The€Committee€notes€with€concern€theÐ º' #' ÐState€party's€failure€to€respond€and€its€failure€to€furnish€the€Committee€with€relevant€courtÐ  (ð#( Ðorders€and€decisions.€Ð †)Ö$) ÐÌ14.€The€Human€Rights€Committee€has€considered€the€present€communication€in€the€light€ofÐ R+¢&+ Ðall€information€made€available€to€it€by€the€parties,€as€provided€in€article€5€(1)€of€the€OptionalÐ 8,ˆ', ÐProtocol.€Ð -n(- Ї15.€The€Committee€decides€to€base€its€views€on€the€following€facts€which€are€not€in€disputeÐ ° Ðor€which€are€unrepudiated€or€uncontested€by€the€State€party€except€for€denials€of€a€generalÐ –æ Ðcharacter€offering€no€particular€information€or€explanation.€Ð |Ì ÐÌòòEvents€prior€to€the€entry€into€force€of€the€Covenant:óó€Ð H˜ ÐÌ16.1€David€Alberto€Campora€Schweizer€was€arrested€in€Uruguay€in€March€1971€on€groundsÐ  d Ðof€"association€to€break€the€law".€In€September€1971€he€escaped€from€prison,€but€was€re„Ð ú J Ðarrested€in€April€1972.€Ð à 0 ÐÌ16.2€In€May€1974,€a€judge€ordered€David€Campora's€provisional€release;€his€request€to€leaveÐ ¬ ü  Ðthe€country€was€approved€in€November€1974.€At€the€same€time,€however,€an€order€ofÐ ’â  Ðdetention€under€the€rules€of€"Prompt€Security€Measures"€was€issued€against€him€so€that€beÐ xÈ  Ðwas€kept€imprisoned€without€any€charges.€There€were€no€remedies€available€to€him€toÐ ^®  Ðchallenge€his€prolonged€detention.€While€he€was€kept€at€Trinidad€barracks€(since€NovemberÐ D”  Ð1974)€he€suffered€mistreatment.€Ð *z  ÐÌòòEvents€subsequent€to€the€coming€into€force€of€the€Covenant:óó€Ð öF ÐÌ17.1€The€detention€under€the€regime€of€"prompt€security€measures"€lasted€until€August€1977,Ð Â Ðwhen€at€that€time€the€trial€òò(procesamiento)€óówas€continued€before€a€military€tribunal€inÐ ¨ø Ðaccordance€with€Law€No.€14.493€of€December€1975,€David€Alberto€Campora€Schweizer€wasÐ ŽÞ Ðtransferred€from€Trinidad€barracks€to€Libertad€prison.€Ð tÄ ÐÌ17.2€David€Campora€was€charged€anew€before€the€competent€military€tribunal€for€the€sameÐ @ Ðacts€which€had€already€been€investigated€by€an€ordinary€judge€between€1971.and€1974,Ð &v Ðincluding,€however,€this€time€the€charge€of€"use€of€false€document"€(article€237€of€the€PenalÐ  \ ÐCode)€which€had€not€been€the€object€of€the€prior€proceedings.€In€March€1980,€the€formalÐ òB Ðindictment€against€David€Campora€contained€the€following€charges:€"association€in€orderÐ Ø( Ðto€commit€criminal€offences"€òò(asociacion€pare€delinquir),€óó"attack€on€the€Constitution€at€theÐ ¾ Ðstage€of€conspiracy€followed€by€preparatory€acts"€òò(atentado€ala€Constitucion€en€el€grado€deÐ ¤ô Ðconspiracion€seguida€de€actos€preparatorios),€óó"falsification€of€public€documents"€and€"escapeÐ Š Ú Ðfrom€prison"€òò(autoevasion).óó€Ð p!À  ÐÌ17.3€On€10€September€1980,€a€military€court€of€first€instance€pronounced€a€sentence€of€nineÐ <#Œ" Ðyears'€rigorous€imprisonment€plus€two€years'€precautionary€detention€òò(medidas€eliminativas).Ð "$r# ÐóóOn€13€November€1980,€the€Supreme€Military€Tribunal€ordered€David€Alberto€CamporaÐ %X $ ÐSchweizer's€release,€considering€that€he€had€served€his€sentence€without€ordering€anyÐ î%>!% Ðprecautionary€detention€òò(medida€de€seguridad).óó€Ð Ô&$"& ÐÌ17.4€On€12€December€1980,€he€was€taken€out€of€Libertad€prison€and€brought€to€the€policeÐ  (ð#( Ðheadquarters€in€Montevideo.€On€13€December€1980€he€travelled€to€the€Federal€Republic€ofÐ †)Ö$) ÐGermany€where€he€joined€his€family.€Ð l*¼%* ÐÌ17.5€On€the€basis€of€the€information€submitted€by€the€initial€author€and€later€confirmed€byÐ 8,ˆ', ÐDavid€Alberto€Campora€Schweizer€himself,€it€cannot€be€established€whether€theÐ -n(- Ðmistreatment€complained€of€continued€or€occurred€on€or€after€23€March€1976,€the€date€onÐ ° Ðwhich€the€Covenant€entered€into€force€for€Uruguay.€As€far€as€the€period€after€the€comingÐ –æ Ðinto€force€of€the€Covenant€is€concerned,€both€authors€refer€only€in€general€terms€toÐ |Ì Ðmistreatment€without€mentioning€any€specific€incident.€In€his€testimony€of€13€SeptemberÐ b² Ð1977,€Julio€Cesar€Modernell,€who€was€imprisoned€together€with€David€Campora€for€twoÐ H˜ Ðyears€until€October€1976,€describes€an€attack€by€a€prison€official€which€took€place€inÐ . ~ ÐFebruary€1976€or€later.€It€cannot€be€seen€whether€this€incident€took€place€before,€on€or€afterÐ  d Ð23€March€1976.€In€the€circumstances,€the€Committee€cannot€base€a€finding€on€the€allegationsÐ ú J Ðof€mistreatment.€The€Committee€is,€however,€in€a€position€to€conclude€that€the€conditionsÐ à 0 Ðof€imprisonment€to€which€David€Campora€was€subjected€at€Libertad€prison€were€inhumanÐ Æ   Ð(see,€in€particular,€pare.€11€above).€Ð ¬ ü  ÐÌ18.1€On€the€basis€of€the€facts€of€the€present€case,€the€Human€Rights€Committee€does€not€feelÐ xÈ  Ðthat€it€is€in€a€position€to€pronounce€itself€on€the€general€compatibility€of€the€regime€ofÐ ^®  Ð"prompt€security€measures"€under€Uruguayan€law€with€the€Covenant.€According€to€articleÐ D”  Ð9€(1)€of€the€Covenant,€no€one€shall€be€subjected€to€arbitrary€arrest€or€detention.€AlthoughÐ *z  Ðadministrative€detention€may€not€be€objectionable€in€circumstances€where€the€personÐ ` Ðconcerned€constitutes€a€clear€and€serious€threat€to€society€which€cannot€be€contained€in€anyÐ öF Ðother€manner,€the€Committee€emphasizes€that€the€guarantees€enshrined€in€the€followingÐ Ü, Ðparagraphs€of€article€9€fully€apply€in€such€instances.€In€this€respect,€it€appears€that€theÐ Â Ðmodalities€under€which€"prompt€security€measures"€are€ordered,€maintained€and€enforcedÐ ¨ø Ðdo€not€comply€with€the€requirements€of€article€9.€Ð ŽÞ ÐÌ18.2€Concerning€the€allegation€that€article€14€(7)€of€the€Covenant€has€been€violated€by€theÐ Zª ÐState€party,€the€Committee€observes€that,€based'€on€the€authors'€submission,€the€criminalÐ @ Ðproceedings€initiated€against€David€Campora€in€1971€were€not€formally€concluded€at€firstÐ &v Ðinstance€until€the€military€tribunal€pronounced€its€judgement€on€10€September€1980.€ArticleÐ  \ Ð14€(7),€however,€is€only€violated€if€a€person€is€tried€again€for€an€offence€for€which€he€hasÐ òB Ðalready€been€finally€convicted€or€acquitted.€This€does€not€appear€to€have€been€so€in€theÐ Ø( Ðpresent€case.€Nevertheless,€the€fact€that€the€Uruguayan€authorities€took€almost€a€decade€untilÐ ¾ Ðthe€judgement€of€first€instance€was€handed€down€indicates€a€serious€malfunctioning€of€theÐ ¤ô Ðjudicial€system€contrary€to€article€14€(3)€(c)€of€the€Covenant.€Ð Š Ú ÐÌ19.€The€Human€Rights€Committee,€acting€under€article€5€(4)€of€the€Optional€Protocol€to€theÐ V"¦! ÐInternational€Covenant€on€Civil€and€Political€Rights,€is€of€the€view€that€the€facts€as€foundÐ <#Œ" Ðby€the€Committee,€in€so€far€as€they€continued€or€occurred€after€23€March€1976€(the€date€onÐ "$r# Ðwhich€the€Covenant€and€the€Optional€Protocol€entered€into€force€for€Uruguay),€dislose€theÐ %X $ Ðfollowing€violations€of€the€International€Covenant€on€Civil€and€Political€Rights:€Ð î%>!% ÐÌof€article€9€(3)€and€(4)€because€during€the€time€spent€in€detention€under€the€regime€ofÐ º' #' Ð"prompt€security€measures",€David€Alberto€Campora€Schweizer€was€not€brought€before€aÐ  (ð#( Ðjudge€and€could€not€take€proceedings€to€challenge€his€arrest€and€detention)€Ð †)Ö$) ÐÌof€article€10€(1)€because€he€was€detained€under€inhuman€prison€conditions;€Ð R+¢&+ ÐÌof€article€14€(3)€(c)€because€he€was€not€tried€without€undue€delay.€Ð -n(- Ї20.€The€Committee,€accordingly,€is€of€the€opinion€that€the€State€party€is€under€an€obligationÐ ° Ðto€provide€the€victim€with€effective€remedies,€including€compensation,€for€the€violations€heÐ –æ Ðhas€suffered.€