ÿWPCƒ ±]õ„./Îe¦ˆèΊ´¹ß£¸ÃSˆLè<]¾Õ´8öéj¦‰¾_¸ˆ‰´ Ë!« Á½Må+[x ·ÚÌşã³$Çæö‡G©áòX*Nsš8¶]XÍ´¢‚ÈPvy¯’ê´ÒGÈñÅ«_ˇˆë°B`ÿ·’Šq-E“¨¦\‰—/n¢8DÃÎI6‚ǘLGmÌ3M°r»ı-Š…Ö,±=)2½šMhü+¼Ê†Åé;ú»õ°V®6³²ŸáIùÆɃ)++ˆĞ•2YOğšÅ+ôTÙ?ÄWSÛ”ÎEŠØ;è¡/‰¹¿@9îÓ§KÛ¿¡¹T P˜O¬LXÊ|ª[ëvÓüşÔxŞ,F繺;QB1ÓÇMÔ*á(m`İáê›%Áàch½É¬M‘S*øæÀv4f¼${ŠWíáCÿ6—.ᄇ É€å*«.‹şÏ//ˆ™‰&öê׾¹ú!ïo%üBv­ºŸ¤p}ÆR§>@Ğ"Xæ骂OEâu6İ—xÕU>z̸ 0µ„ 0<9 0Yu 0_Î 0i- 0P–Ææ 0ᬠ0( D+µ AMà - 0Æ= #Á UNÄ %M(ND^ FwR4Vj mlô\  `‹&Times New Roman' Mabel Pereira Montero v. Uruguay, Communication No. 106/1981 (29 August 1981), U.N. Doc. S4st 1981), U.N. Doc. S"Angie Dituri"0Angie Dituri .   6F , ÿÿ4Heading 3Ô S ÔÓ p^SÓÔ€£££Ôò òÔ  ÔÔ  ÔÔ€XXXÔó óÓ p^SÓ<ÿÿ:Default Para6ÿÿ4HyperlinkóóòòÔ ÿ ÔóóÔ  Ô<ÿÿ:FollowedHypeóóòòÔ  ÔóóÔ  Ô< ÿÿ:Normal (Web)Ô S ÔÓ =jSÓÓ =jSÓ0ÿÿ.Strongò òÔ  Ôó óÔ  Ô Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Level 4 Level 5(¹2`Q$££İ ƒõ¦!İÒÜ°ÒÒÜ°ÒÔ..ÔÔ  ÔÔ  ÔÓ  ÓÔ€X{¿XXXÔÔ€X{¿XXX{¿ÔÔÔİ  İ(ÿÿ$’’'dxd A<< cÿÿ#|x(õ¦$¡¡ÒÜ°ÒÒÜ°ÒÔ..ÔÔ  ÔÔ  ÔÓ  ÓÔ€XqXXXÔÔ€XqXXXqÔÔÔ˜HP LaserJet 6P/6MP - Standard,ä,,,,,ä0(ÈhH  Z‹6Times New Roman RegularXg…û* Äpì*c(„³CorelÿU‹ÿÀÀÀİ ƒõ¦!İÒÜ°ÒÒÜ°ÒÔ..ÔÔ  ÔÔ  ÔÓ  ÓÔ€X{¿XXXÔÔ€X{¿XXX{¿ÔÔÔİ  İÔ_Ôò òHUMAN€RIGHTS€COMMITTEEĞ ° ĞÌòòMontero€v.€UruguayóóĞ |Ì ĞÌCommunication€No.€106/1981Ğ H˜ ĞÌ31€March€1983Ğ  d ĞÌÌVIEWSó óĞ Æ   ĞÌÌòòòòSubmitted€by:€óóMabel€Pereira€Montero€Ğ xÈ  ĞÌòòAlleged€victim:€óóThe€author€of€the€communication€Ğ D”  ĞÌòòState€party€concerned:€óóUruguay€Ğ ` ĞÌòòDate€of€communication:€óó29€August€1981€Ğ Ü, ĞÌòòDate€of€decision€on€admissibility:€óó25€March€1982óó€Ğ ¨ø ĞÌÌòòÓ  ÓThe€Human€Rights€Committeeóó,€established€under€article€28€of€the€International€CovenantĞ Zª Ğon€Civil€and€Political€Rights,€Ğ @ ĞÌòòMeetingóó€on€31€March€1983,€Ğ  \ ĞÌòòHaving€concludedóó€its€consideration€of€communication€No.€106/1981€submitted€to€theĞ Ø( ĞCommittee€by€Mabel€Pereira€Montero€under€the€Optional€Protocol€to€the€InternationalĞ ¾ ĞCovenant€on€Civil€and€Political€Rights,"€Ğ ¤ô ĞÌòòHaving€taken€into€accountóó€all€written€information€made€available€to€it€by€the€author€of€theĞ p!À  Ğcommunication€and€by€the€State€party€concerned,€Ğ V"¦! ĞÌòòAdoptsóó€the€following:€Ğ "$r# ĞÌÌòòò òÓ  ÓViews€under€article€5€(4)€of€the€Optional€Protocoló óóóĞ Ô&$"& ĞÓæÓÌÌ1.1€The€author€of€the€communication€dated€29€August€1981,€is€Mabel€Pereira€Montero,€aĞ †)Ö$) ĞUruguayan€citizen€residing€at€present€in€Berlin€(West).€The€author,€a€student€in€chemicalĞ l*¼%* Ğengineering€at€the€Technical€University€of€Berlin,€submitted€the€communication€on€her€ownĞ R+¢&+ Ğbehalf,€alleging€that€she€is€a€victim€of€a€breach€by€Uruguay€of€article€12€(2)€of€theĞ 8,ˆ', ĞInternational€Covenant€on€Civil€and€Political€Rights.€Ğ -n(- Ї1.2€The€author€claims€that€the€Uruguayan€authorities€have€refused,€without€furtherĞ ° Ğexplanation,€to€renew€her€passport.€Ğ –æ ĞÌ2.1€She€describes€the€relevant€facts€as€follows.€Ğ b² ĞÌ2.2€In€1972,€owing€to€financial€difficulties,€she€decided€to€leave€Uruguay€and€to€pursue€herĞ . ~ Ğstudies€in€Chile.€In€September€of€the€same€year,€she€left€Montevideo€by€boat€"throughĞ  d Ğnormal€channels".€After€the€"coup€d'etat"€in€Chile,€in€September€1973,€she€sought€refuge€atĞ ú J Ğthe€Embassy€of€Mexico€in€Chile.€Mabel€Pereira€Montero€claims€that€she€did€not€seek€refugeĞ à 0 Ğfor€political€reasons,€but€that€she€did€so€because,€at€the€time,€a€feeling€of€insecurity€prevailedĞ Æ   Ğin€that€country,€particularly€among€foreigners.€Ğ ¬ ü  ĞÌ2.3€In€November€1973,€the€Uruguayan€Consulate€in€Mexico€issued€the€author€with€a€newĞ xÈ  ĞUruguayan€passport€(No.€015374),€with€an€expiration€date€of€22€November€1983,€but€subjectĞ ^®  Ğto€renewal€in€November€1978.€In€January€1974€she€left€Mexico€for€the€Federal€Republic€ofĞ D”  ĞGermany.€She€obtained€a€scholarship€and€was€admitted€to€the€University€in€Berlin€(West).Ğ *z  ĞÌ2.4€As€her€passport€was€due€to€expire€on€22€November€1978€unless€it€was€renewed,€MabelĞ öF ĞPereira€Montero€applied€in€writing€for€its€renewal€at€the€Embassy€of€Uruguay€in€Bonn€onĞ Ü, Ğ3€July€1978.€She€was€told€to€address€herself€to€the€Consulate€of€Uruguay€in€Hamburg€whichĞ Â Ğshe€did€by€a€letter€dated€26€July€1978.€Ğ ¨ø ĞÌ2.5€In€December€of€that€year,€the€author€inquired€at€the€Consulate€of€Hamburg€about€theĞ tÄ Ğposition€with€regard€to€her€passport€renewal.€She€was€told€by€telephone€that€the€renewal€ofĞ Zª Ğher€passport€had€been€refused.€No€reason€was€given€by€the€consular€officer.€It€followed€fromĞ @ Ğthe€author's€telephone€conversation€and€from€inquiries€undertaken€on€her€behalf€by€herĞ &v Ğscholarship„sponsoring€organization€that€the€decision€not€to€renew€her€passport€was€takenĞ  \ Ğby€the€competent€authorities€in€Montevideo€and€that€she€had€the€possibility€to€request,€eitherĞ òB Ğthrough€the€Uruguayan€Consulate€in€Hamburg€or€directly€at€the€Ministry€for€Foreign€AffairsĞ Ø( Ğin€Montevideo,€to€be€informed€of€the€reasons€why€the€renewal€of€her€passport€had€beenĞ ¾ Ğrefused.€Ğ ¤ô ĞÌ2.6€Mabel€Pereira€Montero€claims€that€in€February€1979€she€addressed€herself€to€theĞ p!À  ĞUruguayan€Consulate€in€Berlin€(German€Democratic€Republic)€requesting€the€renewal€ofĞ V"¦! Ğher€passport€and€that€this€request€was€also€refused,€again€without€any€explanation.€TheĞ <#Œ" Ğauthor€states€that,€during€the€year€1979,€she€also€tried,€without€success,€to€contact€a€lawyerĞ "$r# Ğin€Montevideo€who€could€take€up€her€case€with€the€Uruguayan€authorities€there.€Ğ %X $ ĞÌ2.7€Consequently,€the€author€sent€a€letter€dated€27€November€1979€to€the€UruguayanĞ Ô&$"& ĞConsulate€in€Hamburg€requesting€that€the€Uruguayan€authorities€reconsider€their€negativeĞ º' #' Ğdecision,€or€that€she€be€informed€by€the€Uruguayan€authorities€about€the€reasons€for€thisĞ  (ğ#( Ğdecision.€She€did€not€receive€any€reply€to€this€letter€till€May€1980.€Mabel€Pereira€MonteroĞ †)Ö$) Ğthen€telephoned€the€Consulate€in€Hamburg€to€inquire€about€her€case.€A€consular€officer€toldĞ l*¼%* Ğher€that€the€Uruguayan€authorities€had€upheld€their€decision€to€refuse€renewal€of€herĞ R+¢&+ Ğpassport.€He€suggested€that€she€repeat€in€writing€her€request€of€27€November€1979,Ğ 8,ˆ', Ğindicating€in€addition€that€she€had€no€family€members€in€Montevideo€who€could€pursue€herĞ -n(- ĞÔ_Ôcase€there.€The€author€did€so.€Ğ ° ĞÌ2.8€The€author€states€that€she€also€contacted€the€Uruguayan€Embassy€and€the€UruguayanĞ |Ì ĞConsulate€in€Bonn€regarding€her€case,€but€that€she€received€there€the€same€reply€as€inĞ b² ĞHamburg.€Ğ H˜ ĞÌ2.9€At€one€time€it€was€indicated€to€her€that€there€was€a€recourse€by€way€of€appeal€against€theĞ  d ĞGovernment€decision,€but€that€this€had€to€be€done€in€Uruguay.€She€replied€that€she€had€noĞ ú J Ğrelatives€in€Montevideo€who€could€represent€her.€Ğ à 0 ĞÌ2.10€In€December€1980,€she€was€offered€by€the€Uruguayan€authorities€a€safe„conduct€toĞ ¬ ü  Ğtravel€to€Uruguay€in€order€to€resolve€her€problem€there.€The€author€felt€that€she€could€notĞ ’â  Ğaccept€this€offer,€because€she€did€not€have€the€financial€means€to€undertake€the€journey€andĞ xÈ  Ğbecause€her€studies€would€be€unduly€interrupted.€Ğ ^®  ĞÌ2.11€The€author€claims€that,€owing€to€the€increasing€instability€of€her€situation€caused€by€theĞ *z  Ğrefusal€of€the€Uruguayan€authorities€to€renew€her€passport,€she€approached€the€AmbassadorĞ ` Ğof€the€Federal€Republic€of€Germany€in€Uruguay,€in€August€1980,€asking€for€his€good€officesĞ öF Ğin€her€case.€The€Embassy's€efforts€were€also€without€success.€There€were,€however,Ğ Ü, Ğaccording€to€the€Embassy€of€the€Federal€Republic€of€Germany,€certain€indications€that€theĞ Â Ğrefusal€to€renew€the€author's€passport€stemmed,€òòinter€alia,€óófrom€the€belief€that€Mabel€Per.€iraĞ ¨ø ĞMontero€was€married€to€a€òò'Tupamaro'€óówho€figured€on€the€list€of€'wanted€persons'€in€Uruguay.Ğ Ş ĞIn€a€letter€to€the€Foreign€Ministry€in€Bonn,€dated€9€March€1981,€the€author€rejected€thisĞ tÄ Ğallegation€as€totally€unfounded.€She€stated€that€she€had€never€married,€that€the€parson€inĞ Zª Ğquestion€was€a€friend€from€childhood€because€they€both€came€from€the€same€village,€andĞ @ Ğthat€she€never€was€active€in€politics€or€had€had€any€contacts€with€the€òòTupamaros.óó€Ğ &v ĞÌ2.12€On€18€March€1981,€the€author€was€requested€orally€by€the€Uruguayan€Consul€inĞ òB ĞHamburg€to€provide,€for€the€use€of€the€authorities€in€Montevideo,€a€written€description€ofĞ Ø( Ğher€life€since€she€left€Uruguay€in€1972€and€of€the€reasons€why€she€left€the€country.€She€didĞ ¾ Ğso.€Ğ ¤ô ĞÌ2.13€On€10€July€1981,€the€Uruguayan€Consulate€in€Hamburg€received€by€telegram€finalĞ p!À  Ğinstructions€from€the€authorities€in€Montevideo€not€to€renew€the€author's€passport.€NoĞ V"¦! Ğreasons€were€given.€The€author€states€that€a€copy€of€this€telegram€is€the€only€written€noticeĞ <#Œ" Ğshe€possesses€with€regard€to€the€refusal€of€the€Uruguayan€authorities€to€renew€her€passport.€Ğ "$r# ĞÌ2.14€The€author€concludes€that€she€has€exhausted€all€domestic€remedies€available€to€her€inĞ î%>!% Ğthe€case.€Ğ Ô&$"& ĞÌ3.€There€is€no€indication€in€the€communication€that€the€same€matter€has€been€submitted€toĞ  (ğ#( Ğanother€procedure€of€international€investigation€or€settlement.€Ğ †)Ö$) ĞÌ4.€By€its€decision€of€14€October€1981,€the€Working€Group€of€the€Human€Rights€CommitteeĞ R+¢&+ Ğtransmitted€the€communication€under€rule€91€of€the€Provisional„rules€of€procedure€to€theĞ 8,ˆ', ĞState€party€concerned,€requesting€information€and€observations€relevant€to€the€question€ofĞ -n(- Ğadmissibility€of€the€communication€not€later€than€two€months€from€the€date€of€theĞ ° Ğtransmittal€of€the€decision.€This€time„limit€expired€on€26€January€1982.€No€reply€had€beenĞ –æ Ğreceived€from€the€State€party€at€that€time.€Ğ |Ì ĞÌ5.€Before€taking€its€decision€on€the€admissibility€of€the€communication,€the€Human€RightsĞ H˜ ĞCommittee€examined,€òòex€officio,€óówhether€the€fact€that€Mabel€Per.€ira€Montero€resides€abroadĞ . ~ Ğaffects€the€competence€of€the€Committee€to€'€receive€and€consider€the€communication€underĞ  d Ğarticle€1€of€the€Optional€Protocol,€taking€into€account€the€provisions€of€article€2€(1)€of€theĞ ú J ĞCovenant..€In€that€context,€the€Committee€made€the€following€observations:€article€l€of€theĞ à 0 ĞOptional€Protocol€applies€to€individuals€subject€to€the€jurisdiction€of€the€State€concernedĞ Æ   Ğwho€claim€to€be€victims€of€a€violation€by€that€State€of€any€of€the€Covenant€rights.€The€issueĞ ¬ ü  Ğof€a€passport€to€a€Uruguayan€citizen€is€clearly€a€matter€within€the€jurisdiction€of€theĞ ’â  ĞUruguayan€authorities€and€he€is€'subject€to€the€jurisdiction'€of€Uruguay€for€that€purpose.Ğ xÈ  ĞMoreover,€a€passport€is€a€means€of€enabling€him€'to€leave€any€country€including€his€own',Ğ ^®  Ğas€required€by€article€Ğ D”  ĞÌ12€(2)€of€the€Covenant.€Consequently,€the€Committee€found€that€it€followed€from€the€veryĞ ` Ğnature€of€that€right€that,€in€the€case€of€a€citizen€resident€abroad,€it€imposed€obligations€bothĞ öF Ğon€the€State€of€residence€and€on€the€State€of€nationality€and€that,€therefore,€article€2€(1)€ofĞ Ü, Ğthe€Covenant€could€not€be€interpreted€as€limiting€the€obligations€of€Uruguay€under€articleĞ Â Ğ12€(2)€to€citizens€within€its€own€territory.€Ğ ¨ø ĞÌ6.1€The€Committee€found,€on€the€basis€of€the€information€before€it,€that€it€was€not€precludedĞ tÄ Ğby€article€5€(2)€(a)€of€the€Optional€Protocol€from€considering€the€communication.€TheĞ Zª ĞCommittee€was€also€unable€to€conclude€that,€in€the€circumstances€of€the€case,€there€wereĞ @ Ğeffective€domestic€remedies€available€to€the€alleged€victim€which€she€failed€to€exhaust.Ğ &v ĞAccordingly,€the€Committee€found€that€the€communication€was€not€inadmissible€underĞ  \ Ğarticle€5€(2)€(b)€of€the€Optional€Protocol.€Ğ òB ĞÌ6.2€On€25€March€1982,€the€Human€Rights€Committee€therefore€òòdecided:óó€Ğ ¾ ĞÌ(a)€That€the€communication€was€admissible;€Ğ Š Ú ĞÌ(b)€That,€in€accordance€with€article€4€(2)€of€the€Protocol,€the€State€party€should€be€requestedĞ V"¦! Ğto€submit€to€the€Committee,€within€six€months€of€the€date€of€the€transmittal€to€it€of€thisĞ <#Œ" Ğdecision,€written€explanations€or€statements€clarifying€the€matter€add€the€remedy,€if€any,€thatĞ "$r# Ğmay€have€been€taken€by€its;€Ğ %X $ ĞÌ(c)€That€the€State€party€be€informed€that€the€written€explanations€or€statements€submittedĞ Ô&$"& Ğby€it€under€article€4€(2)€of€the€Protocol€must€primarily€relate€to€the€substance€of€the€matterĞ º' #' Ğunder€consideration€and,€in€particular,€the€specific€violations€of€the€Covenant€alleged€to€haveĞ  (ğ#( Ğoccurred.€Ğ †)Ö$) ĞÌ7.1€In€a€note,€dated€14€July€1982,€which€appears€to€be€a€late€submission€under€rule€91,€theĞ R+¢&+ ĞState€party€rejects€the€competence€of€the€Committee€to€consider€the€communication€on€theĞ 8,ˆ', Ğgrounds€that€the€requirements€for€submission€of€a€communication€to€the€Committee€underĞ -n(- Ğarticle€1€of€the€Optional€Protocol€to€the€'International€Covenant€on€Civil€and€Political€RightsĞ ° Ğare€not€met.€Article€1€of€the€Optional€Protocol€recognizes€the€competence€of€the€CommitteeĞ –æ Ğto€receive€and€consider€communications€from€individuals€"subject€to€its€jurisdiction".€TheĞ |Ì ĞState€party€argues€that€"at€the€time€of€the€submission€of€her€request€(to€have€her€passportĞ b² Ğrenewed),€Miss€Mabel€Pereira€Montero€was€not€subject€to€the€jurisdiction€of€the€UruguayanĞ H˜ ĞState"€and€that€"...€it€is€consequently€inappropriate€for€the€Committee€to€deal€withĞ . ~ Ğcommunications€of€this€kind€which€are€outside€its€terms€of€reference€and€violateĞ  d Ğinternational€provisions".€It€is€further€submitted€that€"Miss€Pereira€Montero€can€return€to€herĞ ú J Ğcountry€at€any€time€and€in€any€circumstances",€even€without€a€valid€passport,€to€clear€up€herĞ à 0 Ğsituation€personally.€In€conclusion,€the€State€party€asserts€that€"in€Uruguay€the€right€toĞ Æ   Ğfreedom€of€residence€and€movement€is€protected,€subject€only€to€domestic€legal€provisions,Ğ ¬ ü  Ğand€constitutionally€recognized".€Ğ ’â  ĞÌ7.2€In€a€further€note,€dated€13€August€1982,€the€State€party,€in€response€to€the€request€for€aĞ ^®  Ğsubmission€under€article€4€(2),€refers€to€the€contents€of€its€earlier€note.€Ğ D”  ĞÌ8.1€On€7€January€1983,€the€author€of€the€communication€forwarded€her€comments€in€replyĞ ` Ğto€the€State€party's€submissions€of€14€July€and€13€August€1982.€Ğ öF ĞÌ8.2€She€rejects€the€State€party's€formal€contention€that€in€the€present€case€she€does€not€comeĞ Â Ğwithin€the€jurisdiction€of€Uruguay.€She€claims€that€her€sojourn€in€a€foreign€country€is€subjectĞ ¨ø Ğto€her€possessing€a€valid€Uruguayan€passport€and€that,€consequently,€she€does€come€withinĞ Ş Ğthe€jurisdiction€of€the€State€of€Uruguay€in€the€matter€under€consideration.€Ğ tÄ ĞÌ8.3€The€author€of€the€communication€further€points€out€that€it€is€the€normal€procedure€forĞ @ ĞUruguayan€citizens€residing€abroad€to€have€their€passport€renewed€by€Uruguayan€consulates.Ğ &v ĞShe€adds€that€she€applied€to€all€appropriate€consular€posts€and€that€nowhere€were€anyĞ  \ Ğreasons€given€to€her€as€to€why€the€renewal€of€her€passport€was€constantly€refused.€Ğ òB ĞÌ8.4€Miss€Pereira€Montero€also€states€that€she€regards€it€as€abnormal€that€the€UruguayanĞ ¾ Ğauthorities€suggested€that€she€travel€to€Uruguay€in€order€to€have€her€passport€renewed€whenĞ ¤ô Ğconsular€authorities€fully€deal€with€such€matters.€Ğ Š Ú ĞÌ9.1€The€Human€Rights€Committee€has€considered€the€present€communication€in€the€light€ofĞ V"¦! Ğall€information€made€available€to€it,€as€provided€in€article€5€(1)€of€the€Optional€Protocol.€Ğ <#Œ" ĞÌ9.2€The€Committee€decides€to€base€its€views€on€the€following€facts€which€seem€to€beĞ %X $ Ğuncontested:€Mabel€Pereira€Montero,€a€Uruguayan€citizen€residing€at€present€in€BerlinĞ î%>!% Ğ(West),€and€holder€of€a€Uruguayan€passport€issued€in€1973€in€Mexico€with€a€10„year'sĞ Ô&$"& Ğvalidity€upon€condition€that€the€passport€be€renewed€after€5€years,€was€refused€such€renewalĞ º' #' Ğby€the€Uruguayan€authorities,€without€explanation,€several€times€between€1978€and€1981.Ğ  (ğ#( ĞIn€December€1980,€she€was€offered€a€safe„conduct€which€would€have€entitled€her€to€travelĞ †)Ö$) Ğto€Uruguay.€The€author€declined€this€offer,€because€she€did€not€have€the€financial€means€toĞ l*¼%* Ğundertake€the€travel€and€because€her€studies€would€have€been€unduly€interrupted.€Ğ R+¢&+ ĞÌ9.3€The€Committee€does€not€accept€the€State€party's€contention€that€the€Committee€is€notĞ -n(- Ğcompetent€to€deal€with€the€communication€because€the€author€does€not€fulfil€theĞ ° Ğrequirements€of€article€1€of€the€Optional€Protocol.€It€refers,€in€that€respect,€to€the€reasonsĞ –æ Ğstated€in€paragraph€5€above.€Ğ |Ì ĞÌ9.4€As€to€the€alleged€violation€of€article€12€(2)€of€the€Covenant,€the€Committee€has€observedĞ H˜ Ğ(see€para.€5€above)€that€a€passport€is€a€means€of€enabling€an€individual€"to€leave€any€country,Ğ . ~ Ğincluding€his€own"€as€required€by€that€provision:€consequently,€it€follows€from€the€veryĞ  d Ğnature€of€that€right€that,€in€the€case€of€a€citizen€resident€abroad,€article€12€(2)€imposesĞ ú J Ğobligations€on€the€State€of€nationality€as€well€as€on€the€State€of€residence€and,€therefore,Ğ à 0 Ğarticle€2€(1)€of€the€Covenant€cannot€be€interpreted€as€limiting€the€obligations€of€UruguayĞ Æ   Ğunder€article€12€(2)€to€citizens€within€its€own€territory.€The€right€recognized€by€article€12€(2)Ğ ¬ ü  Ğmay,€in€accordance€with€article€12€(3),€be€subject€to€such€restrictions€as€are€"provided€byĞ ’â  Ğlaw,€are€necessary€to€protect€national€security,€public€order€òò(ordre€public),€óópublic€health€orĞ xÈ  Ğmorals€or€the€rights€and€freedoms€of€others€and€are€consistent€with€the€other€rightsĞ ^®  Ğrecognized€in€the€Covenant".€There€are,€therefore,€circumstances€in€which€a€State;€if€its€lawĞ D”  Ğso€provides,€may€refuse€passport€facilities€to€one€of€its€citizens.€However,€in€the€presentĞ *z  Ğcase,€the€State€party€has€not,€in€its€submissions€to€the€Committee,€put€forward€any€suchĞ ` Ğjustification€for€refusing€to€renew€the€passport€of€Mabel€Pereira€Montero.€Ğ öF ĞÌ10.€The€Human€Rights€Committee,€acting€under€article€5€(4)€of€the€Optional€Protocol€to€theĞ Â ĞInternational€Covenant€on€Civil€and€Political€Rights,€is€therefore€of€the€view€that€the€factsĞ ¨ø Ğas€found€by€it€disclose€a€violation€of€article€12€(2)€of€the€Covenant,€because€Mabel€PereiraĞ Ş ĞMontero€was€refused€the€renewal€of€her€passport€without€any€justification€therefor,€therebyĞ tÄ Ğpreventing€her€from€leaving€any€country,€including€her€own.€Ğ Zª ĞÌ11.€Accordingly,€the€Committee€is€of€the€view€that€the€State€party€is€under€an€obligation€toĞ &v Ğprovide€Mabel€Pereira€Montero€with€effective€remedies€pursuant€to€article€2€(3)€of€theĞ  \ ĞCovenant.€