ÿWPCƒ TX._ÿÚPGɹ÷C ücßVÞ¿vúïª@‡Û¹§ab™m‰fg‹¼“áÍÑ’ÜzćÀ€(8ùEÇØÇéÇj8ÝÞ@ÊÖøØ@å·ÄòäÖÏÜT-  r‡I²"¡8•ÈTÎþ® q!«Ü ÜW|©r´…wŒ¡+Î ”Sx±1¢Ò°Ó<©ô“Èjîò: 1M*áhŸˆ×°õ–4{¡îß®x‚ÝšÌÄÛzEéDaMÕã=j”°o^¾YÑmbfºUèœé¬°$ô./À•Uå2/YŒ^²ž~3D ¢ŒVU>z̸ 0µ„ 0<9 0Yu 0_Î 0i- 0P–Ææ 0ᬠ0( D+µ AMà - 0Æ= #Á UNÄ %M(ND^ FwR4Vj mlô\  `‹&Times New Roman' Batlle Oxandabarat Scarrone v. Uruguay, Communication No. 103/1981 (30 June 1981) (twentie40 June 1981) (twentie"Angie Dituri"0Angie Dituri .   6F , ÿÿ4Heading 3Ô S ÔÓ p^SÓÔ€£££Ôò òÔ  ÔÔ  ÔÔ€XXXÔó óÓ p^SÓ<ÿÿ:Default Para6ÿÿ4HyperlinkóóòòÔ ÿ ÔóóÔ  Ô<ÿÿ:FollowedHypeóóòòÔ  ÔóóÔ  Ô< ÿÿ:Normal (Web)Ô S ÔÓ =jSÓÓ =jSÓ0ÿÿ.Strongò òÔ  Ôó óÔ  Ô Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Level 4 Level 5(¹2nN$££Ý ƒ«!ÝÒܰÒÒܰÒÔ..ÔÔ  ÔÔ  ÔÓ  ÓÔ€XÏXXXÔÔ€XÏXXXÏÔÔÔÝ  Ý(ÿÿ$’’'dxd A<< cÿÿ#|x(ž«$¡¡ÒܰÒÒܰÒÔ..ÔÔ  ÔÔ  ÔÓ  ÓÔ€Xp XXXÔÔ€Xp XXXp ÔÔÔ˜HP LaserJet 6P/6MP - Standard,ä,,,,,ä0(ÈhH  Z‹6Times New Roman RegularXA‹û* Äpì*ê:i¢Ø+00ÿU‹ÿÀÀÀÝ ƒ«!ÝÒܰÒÒܰÒÔ..ÔÔ  ÔÔ  ÔÓ  ÓÔ€XÏXXXÔÔ€XÏXXXÏÔÔÔÝ  ÝÔ_Ôò òHUMAN€RIGHTS€COMMITTEEÐ ° ÐÌòòÔ_ÔOxandabaratÔ_Ô€v.€UruguayóóÐ |Ì ÐÌCommunication€No.€103/1981Ð H˜ ÐÌ4€November€1983Ð  d ÐÌÌVIEWSó óÐ Æ   ÐÌÌòòòòSubmitted€by:€óóÔ_ÔEstelaÔ_Ô€Ô_ÔOxandabaratÔ_Ô€on€behalf€of€her€father,€Ô_ÔBatlleÔ_Ô€Ô_ÔOxandabaratÔ_Ô€Ô_ÔScarroneÔ_ԀРxÈ  ÐÌòòAlleged€victim:€óóÔ_ÔBatlleÔ_Ô€Ô_ÔOxandabaratÔ_Ô€Ô_ÔScarroneÔ_ԀРD”  ÐÌòòState€Party€concerned:€óóUruguay€Ð ` ÐÌòòDate€of€communication:€óó30€June€1981€Ð Ü, ÐÌòòDate€of€decision€on€admissibility:€óó27€October€1982óó€Ð ¨ø ÐÌÌòòÓ  ÓThe€Human€Rights€Committeeóó€established€under€article€28€of€the€International€Covenant€onÐ Zª ÐCivil€and€Political€rights:Ð @ ÐÌòòMeetingóó€on€4€November€1983;€Ð  \ ÐÌòòHaving€concludedóó€its€consideration€of€communication€No.€R.24/103€submitted€to€theÐ Ø( ÐCommittee€by€Ô_ÔEstelaÔ_Ô€Ô_ÔOxandabaratÔ_Ô€under€the€Optional€Protocol€to€the€International€CovenantÐ ¾ Ðon€Civil€and€Political€Rights;€Ð ¤ô ÐÌòòHaving€taken€into€accountóó€all€written€information€made€available€to€it€by€the€author€of€theÐ p!À  Ðcommunication€and€by€the€State€party€concerned;€Ð V"¦! ÐÌòòAdoptsóó€the€following:€Ð "$r# ÐÌÌòòò òÓ  ÓViews€under€article€5€(4)€of€the€Optional€Protocoló óóóÐ Ô&$"& ÐÓvÓÌÌ1.1€The€author€of€the€communication€(initial€letter€dated€30€June€1981€and€further€letterÐ †)Ö$) Ðdated€23€September€1982)€is€a€Uruguayan€national€residing€at€present€in€Spain.€SheÐ l*¼%* Ðsubmitted€the€communication€on€behalf€of€her€father,€Ô_ÔBatlleÔ_Ô€Ô_ÔOxandabaratÔ_Ô€Ô_ÔScarroneÔ_Ô,€allegingÐ R+¢&+ Ðthat€he€is€imprisoned€in€Uruguay€and€that€he€is€a€victim€of€a€breach€by€Uruguay€of€severalÐ 8,ˆ', Ðarticles€(specified€by€the€author)€of€the€International€Covenant€on€Civil€and€Political€Rights.€Ð -n(- Ї1.2€The€author€states€that€her€father,€a€57„year„old€Uruguayan€national,€had€been€personnelÐ ° Ðchief€of€the€electric€shop€at€the€Ô_ÔAdministracionÔ_Ô€Ô_ÔNacionalÔ_Ô€de€Combustibles,€Alcohol€yÐ –æ ÐPortland,€co„founder€of€the€Ô_ÔFederacionÔ_Ô€de€Ô_ÔEmpleadosÔ_Ô€de€Ô_ÔANCAPÔ_Ô€and€President€of€theÐ |Ì ÐÔ_ÔConvencionÔ_Ô€Ô_ÔNacionalÔ_Ô€de€Ô_ÔTrabajadoresÔ_Ô€for€the€Salto€district.€She€states€that€because€of€hisÐ b² Ðtrade€union€activities€he€was€arrested€in€June€1972€and€kept€incommunicado€for€six€monthsÐ H˜ Ðat€the€Ô_ÔUnidadÔ_Ô€Ô_ÔMilitarÔ_Ô€de€Ô_ÔInfanteriaÔ_Ô€in€Salto,€where€he€was€allegedly€subjected€to€tortureÐ . ~ Ðincluding€physical€beatings,€electric€shocks€(Ô_ÔpicanaÔ_Ô)€and€immersion€in€water€(Ô_ÔsubmarinoÔ_Ô).Ð  d ÐHe€was€then€taken€to€the€"Penal€de€Ô_ÔLibertadÔ_Ô"€and€submitted€to€military€justice.€Since€he€wasÐ ú J Ðdetained€under€"prompt€security€measures"€recourse€to€òòhabeas€corpus€óówas€not€available.€TheÐ à 0 Ðauthor€does€not€mention€when€sentencing€by€the€military€tribunal€of€first€instance€took€place.Ð Æ   ÐA€final€sentence€of€13€years'€imprisonment€was€imposed€in€1980€by€the€Supreme€MilitaryÐ ¬ ü  ÐTribunal€of€second€instance.€The€author€alleges€that€her€father€did€not€commit€any€actÐ ’â  Ðpunishable€under€the€law€and€that€his€trade€union€activities€were€protected€by€the€UruguayanÐ xÈ  Ðconstitution.€Ð ^®  ÐÌ1.3€The€author€also€submitted€a€copy€of€a€statement€written€by€Dr.€J.€J.€Ô_ÔArenÔ_Ô,€a€medicalÐ *z  Ðdoctor€who€was€himself€a€detainee€at€the€Penal€de€Ô_ÔLibertadÔ_Ô,€where€he€had€the€opportunityÐ ` Ðto€examine€several€prisoners,€including€the€alleged€victim.€The€report€states€that€in€1976„Ð öF Ð1977€Ô_ÔBatlleÔ_Ô€Ô_ÔOxandabaratÔ_Ô€suffered€a€Ô_ÔcranioencephalicÔ_Ô€Ô_ÔtraumatismÔ_Ô€and€that€since€then€hisÐ Ü, Ðfaculty€of€perceiving€time€and€space€is€impaired.€Moreover,€as€a€result€of€prolongedÐ Â Ðimprisonment€and€ill„treatment,€Ô_ÔBatlleÔ_Ô€Ô_ÔOxandabaratÔ_Ô€suffers€from€physical€and€mentalÐ ¨ø Ðdeterioration,€anaemia€and€premature€aging.€Ð ŽÞ ÐÌ2.€The€author€states€that€domestic€remedies€have€been€exhausted€and€indicates€that€the€sameÐ Zª Ðmatter€has€not€been€submitted€under€any€other€procedure€of€international€investigation€orÐ @ Ðsettlement.€She€claims€that€her€father€is€a€victim€of€violations€of€articles€7,€9€(1),€9€(2),€9€(3),Ð &v Ð9€(4),€10€(1),€10€(3),€14,€15,€17,€19,€21,€22€and€26€of€the€Covenant.€Ð  \ ÐÌ3.€By€its€decision€of€13€October€1981,€the€Working€Group€of€the€Human€Rights€CommitteeÐ Ø( Ðtransmitted€the€communication€under€rule€91€of€the€provisional€rules€of€procedure€to€theÐ ¾ ÐState€party€concerned,€requesting€information€and€observations€relevant€to€the€question€ofÐ ¤ô Ðadmissibility€of€the€communication.€The€Working€Group€also€requested€the€State€party€toÐ Š Ú Ðtransmit€to€the€Committee€any€copies€of€court€.decisions€against€Ô_ÔBatlleÔ_Ô€Ô_ÔOxandabaratÔ_ÔÐ p!À  ÐÔ_ÔScarroneÔ_Ô,€and€to€give€the€Committee€information€of€his€state€of€health.€Ð V"¦! ÐÌ4.€In€a€submission€dated€29€June€1982€the€State€party€informed€the€Committee€that€Ô_ÔBatlleÔ_ÔÐ "$r# ÐÔ_ÔOxandabaratÔ_Ô€"was€lawfully€detained€after€being€found€to€have€committed€offences€expresslyÐ %X $ Ðdefined€in€the€Ordinary€Penal€Code€in€force€in€Uruguay€since€1934.€Contrary€to€what€wasÐ î%>!% Ðstated€by€the€author€of€the€communication,€Ô_ÔOxandabaratÔ_Ô€was€not€harassed€or€arrested€onÐ Ô&$"& Ðaccount€of€his€trade€union€activities;€he€had€been€a€member€of€the€Ô_ÔTupamarosÔ_Ô€NationalÐ º' #' ÐLiberation€Movement€since€1968€and€his€criminal€activities€included€participation€in€the€raidÐ  (ð#( Ðon€the€Salto€branch€of€the€Banco€de€la€Ô_ÔRepublicaÔ_Ô€and€in€the€escape€of€two€prisoners€fromÐ †)Ö$) ÐSalto€Ô_ÔgaolÔ_Ô.€He€was€sentenced€on€4€March€1980€by€the€court€of€second€instance€to€13€yearsÐ l*¼%* Ðrigorous€imprisonment€and€to€precautionary€detention€òò(Ô_ÔmedidasÔ_Ô€de€Ô_ÔseguridadÔ_Ô€Ô_ÔeliminativasÔ_Ô)Ð R+¢&+ Ðóóof€1€to€2€years€for€the€following€offences:€'Criminal€conspiracy'€with€the€aggravatingÐ 8,ˆ', Ðcircumstances€as€set€out€in€article€151€(1),€(2)€and€(3),€'action€to€upset€the€Constitution€in€theÐ -n(- ÐÔ_Ôdegree€of€conspiracy€followed€by€criminal€preparations',€'disloyal€assistance€andÐ ° Ðcounselling',€'escape€from€custody',€'receiving€stolen€goods',€'theft',€all€in€the€Ordinary€PenalÐ –æ ÐCode."€The€State€party€further€informed€the€Committee€that€the€present€state€of€health€ofÐ |Ì ÐBatlle€Oxandabarat€is€good.€Ð b² ÐÌ5.1€In€a€further€letter€dated€23€September€1982,€the€author€claims€that€since€the€end€of€1975Ð . ~ Ðher€father€had€not€had€counsel€of€his€choice€but€a€court„appointed€lawyer;€that€the€lawyerÐ  d Ð'never€visited€her€father€nor€informed€him€of€developments€in€his€case;€that€the€conditionsÐ ú J Ðof€his€imprisonment€have€remained€inhuman€and€have€led€to€her€father's€progressiveÐ à 0 Ðphysical€and€mental€deterioration,€alleging€that€the€prison€regime€to€which€her€father€isÐ Æ   Ðsubjected€is€not€designed€to€produce€any€kind€of€reform€or€rehabilitation€but€aims€at€hisÐ ¬ ü  Ðpsychological€and€physical€annihilation.€She€further€alleges€that€many€times€when€she€wentÐ ’â  Ðto€the€penitentiary€to€visit€her€father€she€was€informed€that€he€was€being€heldÐ xÈ  Ðincommunicado€and€could€not€be€visited.€She€claims€that€medical€care€for€the€prisoners€isÐ ^®  Ðinadequate,€and€resubmits€a€copy€of€the€statement€by€Dr.€J.€J.€Aren€on€her€father's€state€ofÐ D”  Ðhealth€(paragraph€1.3€above).€Ð *z  ÐÌ5.2€With€respect€to€the€criminal€proceedings€against€her€father,€the€author€claims€thatÐ öF Ðalthough€they€started€before€the€entry€into€force€of€the€Covenant€for€Uruguay€(23€MarchÐ Ü, Ð1976),€the€critical€phase€of€the€trial,€evaluation€of€evidence€allegedly€obtained€by€torture,€andÐ Â Ðsentencing€took€place€after€the€Covenant€had€entered€into€force.€Ð ¨ø ÐÌ6.€On€the€basis€of€the€information€before€it,€the€Committee€found€that€it€was€not€precludedÐ tÄ Ðby€article€5€(2)€(a)€of€the€Optional€Protocol€from€considering€the€communication,€as€thereÐ Zª Ðwas€no€indication€that€the€same€matter€had€been€submitted€to€another€procedure€ofÐ @ Ðinternational€investigation€or€settlement.€The€Committee€was€also€unable€to€conclude€thatÐ &v Ðin€the€circumstances€of€this€case€there€were€effective€remedies€available€to€the€alleged€victimÐ  \ Ðwhich€he€had€failed€to€exhaust.€Accordingly,€the€Committee€found€that€the€communicationÐ òB Ðwas€not€inadmissible€under€article€5€(2)€(b)€of€the€Optional€Protocol.€Ð Ø( ÐÌ7.€On€27€October€1982,€the€Human€Rights€Committee€therefore€òòdecided:óó€Ð ¤ô ÐÌ(1)€That€the€communication€was€admissible€so€far€as€it€related€to€events€which€allegedlyÐ p!À  Ðcontinued€or€took€place€after€23€March€1976,€the€date€on€which€the€Covenant€and€theÐ V"¦! ÐOptional€Protocol€entered€into€force€for€Uruguay;€Ð <#Œ" ÐÌ(2)€That,€in€accordance€with€article€4€(2)€of€the€Optional€Protocol,€the€State€party€beÐ %X $ Ðrequested€to€submit€to€the€Committee,€within€six€months€of€the€date€of€the€transmittal€to€itÐ î%>!% Ðof€this€decision,€written€explanations€or€statements€clarifying€the€matter€and€the€remedy,€ifÐ Ô&$"& Ðany,€that€may€have€been€taken€by€it;€Ð º' #' ÐÌ(3)€That€the€State€party€be€informed€that€the€written€explanations€or€the€statements€submittedÐ †)Ö$) Ðby€it€under€article€4€(2)€of€the€Optional€Protocol€must€relate€primarily€to€the€substance€of€theÐ l*¼%* Ðmatter€now€under€consideration.€The€Committee€stressed€that,€in€order€to€perform€itsÐ R+¢&+ Ðresponsibilities,€it€required€specific€responses€to€the€allegations€which€had€been€made€by€theÐ 8,ˆ', Ðauthor€of€the€communication,€and€the€State€party's€explanations€of€the€actions€taken€by€it;€Ð -n(- Ї(4)€That€the€State€party€be€again€requested€to€furnish€the€Committee€with€(a)€specificÐ ° Ðinformation€on€the€state€of€health€of€Batlle€Oxandabarat€and€the€medical€treatment€given€toÐ –æ Ðhim,€and€(b)€copies€of€any€court€decisions€taken€against€Batlle€Oxandabarat,€including€theÐ |Ì Ðdecision€of€the€military€court€first€instance.€Ð b² ÐÌ8.1€In€its€submission€under€article€4€(2)€of€the€Optional€Protocol,€dated€27€May€1983,€theÐ . ~ ÐState€party€informed€the€Committee€'that€Mr.€Oxandabarat€Scarrone€was€at€no€time€subjectedÐ  d Ðto€physical€maltreatment€and€that€he€was€detained€not€because€of€his€trade€union€activities,Ð ú J Ðbut€after€being€found€to€have€committed€offences€established€by€the€Uruguayan€legal€system,Ð à 0 Ðon€which€the€Committee€has€already€been€informed.€With€regard€to€Mr.€Oxandabarat'sÐ Æ   Ðhealth,€on€26€December€1975€he€was€discharged€after€having€been€treated€with€CalciparineÐ ¬ ü  Ðand€Tromexan€for€a€pulmonary€illness.€Check„ups€on€his€health€were€subsequently€made€atÐ ’â  Ðthe€polyclinic€of€EMR€No.€1.€In€December€1981€he€was€treated€at€the€surgical€polyclinic€forÐ xÈ  Ðhaemorrhoida€prolapse.€A€haemorrhoidectomy€was€carried€out,€with€good€post„operativeÐ ^®  Ðrecovery,€and€a€rectosigmoidoscopy€showed€no€pathological€lesions.€He€continues€toÐ D”  Ðundergo€examinations€and€is€being€treated€with€Fluxan€and€Hemuval.€The€finding€of€theÐ *z  Ðlatest€general€examination€is€that€he€is€in€good€health."€Ð ` ÐÌ8.2€No€additional€information€or€observations€have€been€received€from€the€author€in€thisÐ Ü, Ðconnection.€Ð  ÐÌ9.1€The€Human€Rights€Committee,€having€examined€the€present€communication€in€the€lightÐ ŽÞ Ðof€all€the€information€made€available€to€it€by€the€parties€as€provided€in€article€5€(1)€of€theÐ tÄ ÐOptional€Protocol,€hereby€decides€to€base€its€views€on€the€following€facts,€which€appear€toÐ Zª Ðbe€uncontested.€Ð @ ÐÌ9.2€Batlle€Oxandabarat€was€a€trade„union€leader€and€had€been€e€member€of€the€TupamarosÐ  \ ÐNational€Liberation€Movement€since€1968.€He€has€been€kept€in€detention€continuously€sinceÐ òB Ðhe€was€arrested€in€June€1972.€A€final€sentence€of€13€years'€imprisonment€was€imposed€onÐ Ø( Ð4€March€1980€by€the€court€of€second€instance.€He€did€not€have€counsel€of€his€choice,€but€aÐ ¾ Ðcourt„appointed€lawyer,€who€did€not€visit€him€nor€inform€him€of€developments€in€the€case.€Ð ¤ô ÐÌ10.1€In€formulating€its€views,€the€Human€Rights€Committee€also€takes€into€account€theÐ p!À  Ðfollowing€considerations,€which€reflect€a€failure€by€the€State€party€and€by€the€author€toÐ V"¦! Ðfurnish€the€information€and€clarifications€necessary€for€the€Committee€to€formulate€finalÐ <#Œ" Ðviews€on€all€allegations.€Ð "$r# ÐÌ10.2€In€operative€paragraph€4€of€its€decision€of€13€October€1981€and€again€in€operativeÐ î%>!% Ðparagraph€4€of€its€decision€on€admissibility€of€27€October€1982,€the€Committee€requestedÐ Ô&$"& Ðthe€State€party€to€enclose€copies€of€any€court€decisions€taken€against€Batlle€Oxandabarat,Ð º' #' Ðincluding€the€decision€of€the€military€court€of€first€instance.€The€Committee€notes€with€deepÐ  (ð#( Ðconcern€that€in€spite€of€its€repeated€requests€in€this€case€and€in€many€other€cases,€no€suchÐ †)Ö$) Ðdocuments€have€ever€been€received€from€the€State€party.€The€Committee€recalls€in€thisÐ l*¼%* Ðconnection€the€assurances€given€to€it€by€the€Representative€of€the€Government€of€UruguayÐ R+¢&+ Ðon€8€April€1982€(see€summary€record€of€the€Committee's€359th€meeting,€documentÐ 8,ˆ', ÐCCPR/C/SR.359,€para.€17)€that€these€documents€are€readily€available€to€any€interested€party.Ð -n(- ÐIn€the€light€of€these€assurances€given€before€the€Committee€by€the€Representative€of€theÐ ° ÐGovernment€of€Uruguay,€and€which€assurances€the€Committee€does€not€wish€to€doubt€wereÐ –æ Ðgiven€in€good€faith,€it€is€all€the€more€disturbing€that,€18€months€later,€not€a€single€suchÐ |Ì Ðdocument€has€been€received€from€the€State€party,€in€spite€of€the€Committee's€continued€andÐ b² Ðrepeated€requests.€In€these€circumstances€and€considering€that€the€State€party€has€neverÐ H˜ Ðoffered€any€explanation€as€to€why€the€documents€in€question€have€not€been€made€availableÐ . ~ Ðto€it,€the€failure€to€produce€these€documents€inevitably€raises€serious€doubts€concerningÐ  d Ðthem.€If€reasoned€decisions€exist,€it€is€not€understandable€why€such€pertinent€informationÐ ú J Ðis€withheld.€The€lack€of€precise€information€seriously€hampers€the€discharge€of€the€functionsÐ à 0 Ðof€the€Committee€under€the€Optional€Protocol.€Ð Æ   ÐÌ10.3€With€respect€to€the€state€of€health€of€the€alleged€victim,€the€Committee€finds€that€theÐ ’â  Ðinformation€before€the€Committee€in€regard€to€the€treatment€of€Mr.€Oxandabarat€after€23Ð xÈ  ÐMarch€1976€(the€date€on€which€the€Covenant€and€the€Optional€Protocol€entered€into€forceÐ ^®  Ðfor€Uruguay)€does€not€justify€a€finding€of€a€violation€of€article€10€(1)€of€the€Covenant.€Ð D”  ÐÌ11.€The€Human€Rights€Committee,€acting€under€article€5€(4)€of€the€Optional€Protocol€to€theÐ ` ÐInternational€Covenant€on€Civil€and€Political€Rights,€is€of€the€view€that€the€facts€as€foundÐ öF Ðby€the€Committee,€in€so€far€as€they€continued€or€occurred€after€23€March€1976,€discloseÐ Ü, Ðviolations€of€the€International€Covenant€on€Civil€and€Political€Rights,€particularly€of:€Ð  ÐÌ„€Article€14,€paragraph€3€(b),€because€Batlle€Oxandabarat€did€not€have€adequate€legalÐ ŽÞ Ðassistance€for€the€preparation€of€his€defence;€Ð tÄ ÐÌ„€Article€14,€paragraph€3€(c),€because€he€was€not€tried€without€undue€delay.€Ð @ ÐÌ12.€The€Committee,€accordingly,€is€of€the€view€that€the€State€party€is€under€an€obligation€toÐ  \ Ðprovide€Batlle€Oxandabarat€with€effective€remedies,€and,€in€particular,€to€ensure€that€heÐ òB Ðcontinues€to€receive€all€necessary€medical€care€and€to€transmit€a€copy€of€these€views€to€him.