ÿWPCå ÝdS里ûÊ@I᱊]åÝav·€NØŠÓˆÌÆ 0µ’ 0<G 0Yƒ 0_Ü 0i; 0P¤ 0TôÆH 0á 0(ï D+ AMB  0ÆŸ #Áe UN& %tMz(~N¦^ ¨w´4¸Ì mÎô\  `‹&Times New Roman' Omar Berterretche Acosta v. Uruguay, Communication No. 162/1983 (25 October 1987), U.N. Do4ctober 1987), U.N. Do"Angie Dituri"0Angie Dituri .   6F , ÿÿ4Heading 3Ô S ÔÓ p^SÓÔ€£££Ôò òÔ  ÔÔ  ÔÔ€XXXÔó óÓ p^SÓ<ÿÿ:Default Para6ÿÿ4HyperlinkóóòòÔ ÿ ÔóóÔ  Ô<ÿÿ:FollowedHypeóóòòÔ  ÔóóÔ  Ô< ÿÿ:Normal (Web)Ô S ÔÓ =jSÓÓ =jSÓ0ÿÿ.Strongò òÔ  Ôó óÔ  Ô4ÿÿ2EmphasisòòÔ  ÔóóÔ  Ô Level 1 Level 2 Level 3 Level 4 Level 5(¹2Q$££Ý ƒ¶!!ÝÒÜ°ÒÒÜ°ÒÔ..ÔÔ  ÔÔ  ÔÓ  ÓÔ€X£‡XXXÔÔ€X£‡XXX£‡ÔÔÔÝ  Ý(ÿÿ$’’'dxd A<< cÿÿ#|x(ž¶!$¡¡ÒÜ°ÒÒÜ°ÒÔ..ÔÔ  ÔÔ  ÔÓ  ÓÔ€X­XXXÔÔ€X­XXX­ÔÔÔ˜HP LaserJet 6P/6MP - Standard,ä,,,,,ä0(ÈhH  Z‹6Times New Roman RegularXö‰û* Äpì*ÿU‹ÿÀÀÀÝ ƒ¶!!ÝÒÜ°ÒÒÜ°ÒÔ..ÔÔ  ÔÔ  ÔÓ  ÓÔ€X£‡XXXÔÔ€X£‡XXX£‡ÔÔÔÝ  ÝÔ_Ôò òHUMAN€RIGHTS€COMMITTEEÐ ° ÐÌòòÔ_ÔAcostaÔ_Ô€Ô_Ôv.Ô_Ô€UruguayóóÐ |Ì ÐÌCommunication€No.€162/1983Ð H˜ ÐÌ25€October€1988Ð  d ÐÌÌVIEWSó óÐ Æ   ÐÌÌòòòòSubmitted€by:óó€Ô_ÔVicentaÔ_Ô€Ô_ÔAcostaÔ_Ô€(alleged€victim's€mother)€„later€joined€by€OmarÐ xÈ  ÐÔ_ÔBerterretcheÔ_Ô€Ô_ÔAcostaÔ_Ô€as€co„author€Ð ^®  ÐÌòòAlleged€Victim:óó€Omar€Ô_ÔBerterretcheÔ_Ô€Ô_ÔAcostaÔ_ԀР*z  ÐÌòòState€party€concerned:óó€Uruguay€Ð öF ÐÌòòDate€of€communication:óó€20€December€1983€(date€of€initial€letter)€Ð  ÐÌòòDate€of€decision€on€admissibility:€óó11€July€1985€óóÐ ŽÞ ÐÌÌòòÓ  ÓThe€Human€Rights€Committee,€óóestablished€under€article€28€of€the€International€CovenantÐ @ Ðon€Civil€and€Political€Rights,€Ð &v ÐÌòòMeeting€óóon€25€October€1988,€Ð òB ÐÌòòHaving€concluded€óóits€consideration€of€communication€No.€162/1983,€submitted€to€theÐ ¾ ÐCommittee€by€Ô_ÔVicentaÔ_Ô€Ô_ÔAcostaÔ_Ô€and€Omar€Ô_ÔBerterretcheÔ_Ô€Ô_ÔAcostaÔ_Ô€under€the€Optional€ProtocolÐ ¤ô Ðto€the€International€Covenant€on€Civil€and€Political€Rights,€Ð Š Ú ÐÌòòHaving€taken€into€account€óóall€written€information€made€available€to€it€by€the€author€of€theÐ V"¦! Ðcommunication€and€by€the€State€party€concerned,€Ð <#Œ" ÐÌòòAdopts€óóthe€following:€Ð %X $ ÐÌÌòòò òÓ  ÓViews€under€article€5,€paragraph€(4)€of€the€Optional€Protocoló óóó€Ð º' #' ÐÓðÓÌÌ1.€The€original€author€of€the€communication€(letter€dated€20€December€1983)€is€Ô_ÔVicentaÔ_ÔÐ l*¼%* ÐÔ_ÔAcostaÔ_Ô,€a€Uruguayan€national€residing€in€Uruguay.€She€submitted€the€communication€onÐ R+¢&+ Ðbehalf€of€her€son,€Omar€Ô_ÔBerterretcheÔ_Ô€Ô_ÔAcostaÔ_Ô,€a€Uruguayan€national€born€on€23€FebruaryÐ 8,ˆ', Ð1927,€who€was€detained€in€Uruguay€from€September€1977€until€March€1985.€He€joined€asÐ -n(- Ðco„author€of€the€communication€by€letter€received€on€July€1985.€Ð ° ÐÌ2.1€It€is€stated€that€Omar€Ô_ÔBerterretcheÔ_Ô€is€an€architect€and€meteorologist€and€that€prior€to€hisÐ |Ì Ðdetention€he€was€employed€as€sub„director€of€weather€forecasting€in€Uruguay's€DepartmentÐ b² Ðof€Meteorology€and€as€professor€of€dynamics,€aerodynamics,€mathematics€and€physics€atÐ H˜ Ðvarious€institutions.€He€was€detained€for€the€first€time€in€January€1976€and€allegedlyÐ . ~ Ðsubjected€to€torture;€he€was€released€on€5€February€1976€without€being€charged.€He€wasÐ  d Ðarrested€for€the€second€time€on€September€1977€at€police€headquarters€in€Montevideo,€whereÐ ú J Ðhe€had€gone€to€pick€up€his€passport€to€go€abroad.€One€day€later€his€family€learned€of€hisÐ à 0 Ðdetention,€but€he€was€kept€incommunicado€for€40€more€days.€He€was€taken€to€the€CentralÐ Æ   ÐPrison€in€Montevideo,€where€he€stayed€until€February€1978,€when€he€was€transferred€to€theÐ ¬ ü  ÐPunta€Ô_ÔCarretaÔ_Ô€Prison€in€Montevideo.€From€July€1979€until€1€March€1985€he€was€detainedÐ ’â  Ðat€Ô_ÔLibertadÔ_Ô€Prison.€Ð xÈ  ÐÌ2.2€The€military€judge€of€first€instance€imposed€on€him€a€term€of€imprisonment€of€24Ð D”  Ðmonths,€on€charges€of€assisting€subversion.€The€Government€prosecutor€charged€him€furtherÐ *z  Ðwith€providing€military€intelligence€to€the€Communist€Party€and€asked€for€a€six„yearÐ ` Ðsentence.€The€Supreme€Military€Tribunal€sentenced€him€to€14€years€imprisonment.€Ð öF ÐÌ3.€By€its€decision€of€22€March€1984,€the€Working€Group€of€the€Human€Rights€Committee,Ð Â Ðhaving€decided€that€Ô_ÔVicentaÔ_Ô€Ô_ÔAcostaÔ_Ô€was€justified€in€acting€on€behalf€of€the€alleged€victim,Ð ¨ø Ðtransmitted€the€communication€under€rule€91€of€the€provisional€rules€of€procedure€to€theÐ ŽÞ ÐState€party€concerned,€requesting€information€and€observations€relevant€to€the€question€ofÐ tÄ Ðadmissibility€of€the€communication.€The€Working€Group€also€requested€the€State€party€toÐ Zª Ðprovide€the€Committee€with€copies€of€any€court€orders€or€decisions€relevant€to€the€case€andÐ @ Ðto€inform€the€Committee€of€the€state€of€health€of€Omar€Ô_ÔBerterretcheÔ_Ô.€Ð &v ÐÌ4.1€In€a€submission€dated€28€August€1984€the€State€party€informed€the€Committee€that€onÐ òB Ð5€June€1980€Mr.€Omar€W.€Ô_ÔBerterretcheÔ_Ô€was€sentenced€in€second€instance€to€14€yearsÐ Ø( Ðimprisonment€for€committing€the€offences€of€"subversive€associations",€"assault€on€theÐ ¾ Ðmaterial€strength€of€the€army,€navy€and€air€force€by€espionage",€"espionage"€and€"attackÐ ¤ô Ðagainst€the€Constitution€in€the€degree€of€conspiracy,€followed€by€preparatory€acts"€allÐ Š Ú Ðcovered€by€the€Military€Penal€Code.€Concerning€his€state€of€health,€the€State€party€declaresÐ p!À  Ðthe€following:€"patient€suffering€from€Ô_ÔgastroÔ_Ô„enteritis€which€is€treated€and€controlled.€AtÐ V"¦! Ðpresent,€stabilized."€Ð <#Œ" ÐÌ4.2€The€present€Uruguayan€Government€came€to€power€on€1€March€1985.€Pursuant€to€anÐ %X $ Ðamnesty€law€enacted€by€that€Government€on€8€March€1985,€all€political€prisoners€wereÐ î%>!% Ðreleased€and€all€forms€of€political€banishment€were€lifted.€Ð Ô&$"& ÐÌ5.€In€an€undated€letter€received€on€3€July€1985,€Mr.€Ô_ÔBerterretcheÔ_Ô€joined€his€mother€as€co„Ð  (ð#( Ðauthor€of€the€communication,€indicating€that€he€had€been€released€from€imprisonment€inÐ †)Ö$) ÐMarch€1985€and€requesting€the€Committee€to€continue€consideration€of€the€communication.Ð l*¼%* ÐHe€confirmed€that€the€facts€as€described€by€his€mother€were€correct€and€made€the€followingÐ R+¢&+ Ðcomments€on€the€State€party's€submission€of€24€August€1984:€Ð 8,ˆ', ÐÐ -n(- ÐÔ_Ô"It€is€stated€that€I€am€suffering€from€gastro„enteritis€but€that€this€is€now€stabilized.€This€isÐ ° Ðonly€a€half€truth€since€I€was€only€half„treated€medically,€i.e.€in€an€inadequate€manner.€TheÐ –æ Ðfact€is€obviously€concealed€that€I€am€suffering€from€nervous€hypertension,€which€is€of€aÐ |Ì Ðserious€nature€because€of€its€extreme€variability€and€which€is€also€inadequately€controlled.Ð b² ÐAlso€concealed€is€the€cardiac€problem€which€has€developed€since€I€was€tortured.€A€referenceÐ H˜ Ðis€made€to€the€fact€that,€from€the€time€I€was€first€captured€and€during€the€interrogationsÐ . ~ Ðleading€to€my€indictment€I€was€subjected€to€physic€abuse€such€as€beatings,€stringing€up,Ð  d Ðasphyxiation,€electric€shocks€and€lone€periods€of€forced€standing€in€the€cold€withoutÐ ú J Ðanything€to€drink€or€eat.€None€of€this€is€mentioned.€No€reference€is€made€either€to€the€factÐ à 0 ÐÝ‚ ÿÿÿÝòòÔÔÝ  Ýthat,€Ý‚ ÿÿÿ]ƒÝóóÔÔÝ  Ýin€the€absence€of€firm€evidence€to€convict€me€I€was€declared€a€'spy'.€On€this€ground,Ð Æ   Ðthe€procedure€was€drawn€out€indefinitely,€as€I€was€progressively€sentenced€to€12€months,Ð ¬ ü  Ðthen€8€1/2€years€and€finally€14€years€of€imprisonment€without€any€aggravating€factor€havingÐ ’â  Ðintervened€in€the€interim.€Ð xÈ  ÐÌ"The€military€court€did€not€find€any€active€participation€in€politics€on€my€part€and,€actingÐ D”  Ðsolely€on€the€basis€of€my€ideology,€it€imposed€on€me€the€heaviest€sentence€possible,€onÐ *z  Ðgrounds€which€were€false€...€Ð ` ÐÌ"Libertad€prison,€in€which€I€was€held,€was€a€place€of€genuinely€repugnant€and€constantÐ Ü, Ðrepression,€carried€out€by€specialized€personnel€who€were€rotated€in€order€that€they€shouldÐ Â Ðnot€suffer€the€fatigue€which€this€type€of€duty€inevitably€produces.€Ð ¨ø ÐÌ"The€following€provides€evidence€of€the€pleasure€that€was€taken€in€carrying€out€torture€atÐ tÄ ÐLibertad€prison.€It€was€a€case€of€torture€of€the€nerves,€practised€on€me€and€my€family,€as€onÐ Zª Ðmany€others.€On€7€September€1981,€the€day€on€which€I€had€served€exactly€four€years€ofÐ @ Ðdetention,€I€was€informed€that€I€was€to€report€to€the€warden's€office.€Also€ordered€to€reportÐ &v Ðwere€some€of€my€companions€who€were€informed€of€several€decisions,€some€of€them€beingÐ  \ Ðtold€that€they€were€to€be€released.€As€for€me,€I€was€informed€that€I€had€been€grantedÐ òB Ðfreedom.€I€was€informed€of€this€by€a€military€court€established€there€and€I€was€asked€to€giveÐ Ø( Ðmy€address.€This€is€a€normal€procedure€when€release€is€approved.€I€informed€my€family,Ð ¾ Ðwhich,€when€they€sought€confirmation€of€my€release,€were€informed€that€there€had€been€aÐ ¤ô Ðmistake.€Ð Š Ú ÐÌ"In€view€of€the€foregoing,€I€have€to€make€the€following€statement:€Ð V"¦! ÐÌ(a)€I€wish€my€case€to€remain€open€because,€in€view€of€the€treatment€to€which€I€wasÐ "$r# Ðsubjected,€it€is€necessary€to€measure€not€only€the€moral€damage€caused€to€me€and€my€familyÐ %X $ Ðand€the€damage€inflicted€on€the€State€by€the€òòde€facto€óóGovernment,€but€also€the€damageÐ î%>!% Ðconstituted€by€the€fact€that€despite€all€the€efforts€I€have€made,€I€am€still€without€work.€InÐ Ô&$"& Ðother€words,€I€have€so€far€not€been€reinstated€in€the€School€of€Meteorology€or€in€theÐ º' #' ÐDepartment€of€Meteorology€and,€at€the€age€of€58,€it€is€very€difficult€for€me€to€obtain€aÐ  (ð#( Ðposition.€Ð †)Ö$) ÐÌ(b)€I€wish€my€case€to€remain€open€in€case€it€is€possible€to€conduct€further€inquiries€andÐ R+¢&+ Ðbecause€I€shall€continue€to€fight€for€the€genuine€welfare€of€mankind,€for€its€rights€and€for€theÐ 8,ˆ', Ðpossibility€for€it€to€live€in€peace€and€freedom,€as€I€believe€this€to€be€one€of€the€aims€man€hasÐ -n(- Ðalways€pursued."€Ð ° ÐÌBefore€considering€any€claims€contained€in€a€communication,€the€Human€Rights€CommitteeÐ |Ì Ðmust,€in€accordance€with€rule€87€of€its€provisional€rules€of€procedure,€decide€whether€or€notÐ b² Ðit€is€admissible€under€the€Optional€Protocol€to€the€Covenant.€The€Committee€did€not€findÐ H˜ Ðthat€any€of€the€procedural€obstacles€laid€on€in€articles€2,€3€or€5€of€the€Optional€ProtocolÐ . ~ Ðexisted€in€the€present€case.€Ð  d ÐÌOn€11€July€1985€the€Committee€therefore€decided:€that€the€communication€was€admissibleÐ à 0 Ðin€so€far€as€the€facts€submitted€relate€to€events€which€allegedly€took€place€after€23€MarchÐ Æ   Ð1976,€the€date€on€which€the€Covenant€and€the€Optional€Protocol€entered€into€force€forÐ ¬ ü  ÐUruguay.€The€State€party€was€requested,€in€accordance€with€Article€4,€paragraph€2€of€theÐ ’â  ÐOptional€Protocol,€to€submit€written€explanations€or€statements€clarifying€the€matter€and€theÐ xÈ  Ðmeasures,€if€any,€that€might€have€been€taken€by€it€and,€again,€to€furnish€the€Committee€withÐ ^®  Ðcopies€of€all€court€orders€and€decisions€relevant€to€the€case.€The€Committee's€decision€wasÐ D”  Ðtransmitted€to€the€parties€on€1€August€1985,€together€with€an€indication€that€the€authorsÐ *z  Ðwould€be€afforded€an€opportunity€to€comment€on€any€submission€received€from€the€StateÐ ` Ðparty,€as€provided€in€rule€93,€paragraph€3,€of€the€Committee's€provisional€rules€of€procedure.€Ð öF ÐÌ8.€By€note€of€3€January€1986€the€State€party€confirmed€its€intention€to€co„operate€with€theÐ Â ÐCommittee€and€stated€that€it€would€forward€copies€of€the€relevant€court€orders€and€decisions.Ð ¨ø ÐOn€12€December€1986€the€State€party€transmitted€copies€of€the€judgement€of€the€SupremeÐ ŽÞ ÐMilitary€Tribunal,€dated€5€June€1980,€as€well€as€transcripts€of€the€hearings€and€decisions€ofÐ tÄ Ðthe€lower€courts.€Ð Zª ÐÌ9.€The€text€of€the€State€party's€submissions€of€3€January€and€12€December€1986€wasÐ &v Ðdispatched€to€the€authors€on€18€December€1986€by€registered€mail.€The€dispatch€wasÐ  \ Ðreturned€by€the€postal€authorities€on€1€April€1987€with€an€indication€that€the€authors€hadÐ òB Ðmoved,€without€leaving€a€forwarding€address.€Delivery€was€therefore€unsuccessful.€By€letterÐ Ø( Ðof€16€November€1987,€Mr.€Berterretche€Acosta€re„established€contact€with€the€CommitteeÐ ¾ Ðand€indicated€that€it€was€his€intention€to€furnish€further€information€in€respect€of€his€case.Ð ¤ô ÐThe€submissions€of€the€State€party€of€3€January€and€12€December€1986€were€thereuponÐ Š Ú Ðretransmitted€to€him.€Again,€he€was€afforded€an€opportunity€to€comment€on€the€State€party'sÐ p!À  Ðsubmissions.€No€further€information€or€comments€have€been€received€from€him,€to€date.€Ð V"¦! ÐÌ10.1€The€Human€Rights€Committee€has€considered€the€present€communication€in€the€lightÐ "$r# Ðof€all€the€information€made€available€to€it€by€the€parties€as€provided€in€article€5,€paragraphÐ %X $ Ð1,€of€the€Optional€Protocol.€The€Committee€observes€in€this€connection€that€the€informationÐ î%>!% Ðprovided€by€the€authors€in€substantiation€of€the€allegations€is€somewhat€limited.€In€theÐ Ô&$"& Ðcircumstances,€and€in€the€absence€of€any€comments€from€the€authors€on€the€extensive€courtÐ º' #' Ðrecords€submitted€by€the€State€party,€the€Committee€will€limit€itself€to€pronouncing€on€theÐ  (ð#( Ðallegations€of€ill„treatment€and€torture,€which€have€not€been€contradicted€by€the€State€party.€Ð †)Ö$) ÐÌ10.2€The€authors'€allegations€concerning€ill„treatment€and€torture,€and€the€consequencesÐ R+¢&+ Ðthereof,€are€basically€the€following:€Ð 8,ˆ', ÐÐ -n(- Ð(a)€Mr.€Berterretche€Acosta's€mother€alleges€in€the€initial€letter€that€her€son€was€subjectedÐ ° Ðto€torture€at€the€time€he€was€detained€for€the€first€time,€from€January€to€February€1976.€SheÐ –æ Ðalso€states€that€her€son€was€held€incommunicado€for€40€days€from€the€time€he€was€arrestedÐ |Ì Ðfor€the€second€time,€on€7€September€1977€(para.€2.1€above);€Ð b² ÐÌ(b)€In€his€comments€on€the€State€party's€submission€of€28€August€1984,€Mr.€BerterretcheÐ . ~ ÐAcosta€observes€that€no€reference€is€made€in€the€State€partys€submission€"to€the€fact€thatÐ  d Ðfrom€the€time€I€was€first€captured€and€during€the€interrogations€leading€to€my€indictment,Ð ú J ÐI€was€subjected€to€physical€abuse€such€as€beatings,€stringing€up,€asphyxiation,€electricÐ à 0 Ðshocks€and€long€periods€of€forced€standing€in€the€cold€without€anything€to€drink€or€eat"Ð Æ   Ð(para.€5€above);€Ð ¬ ü  ÐÌ(c)€As€to€alleged€psychological€torture€carried€out€at€Libertad€prison,€Mr.€BerterretcheÐ xÈ  ÐAcosta€refers€to€the€events€on€7€September€1981,€at€which€time€he€was€told€that€he€had€beenÐ ^®  Ðgranted€freedom,€and€the€subsequent€explanation€given€to€his€family€"that€there€had€been€aÐ D”  Ðmistake"€(para.€5€above);€Ð *z  ÐÌ(d)€As€to€the€consequences€of€his€treatment€while€in€detention,€Mr.€Berterretche€furtherÐ öF Ðobserves€in€his€comments€on€the€State€party's€submission€28€August€1984:€"The€fact€isÐ Ü, Ðobviously€concealed€that€I€am€suffering€from€nervous€hypertension,€which€is€of€a€seriousÐ Â Ðnature€because€of€its€extreme€disability€and€which€is€also€inadequately€controlled.€AlsoÐ ¨ø Ðconcealed€is€the€cardiac€problem€which€has€developed€since€I€was€tortured"€(para.€5€above);€Ð ŽÞ ÐÌ(e)€Omar€Berterretche€further€states€that€as€a€result€of€his€detention€he€has€lost€hisÐ Zª Ðemployment€and€has€not€been€reinstated,€is€without€work€and€that€it€has€in€difficult€for€himÐ @ Ðto€find€new€employment.€Ð &v ÐÌ10.3€The€Committee€observes€in€this€connection,€firstly,€that€the€allegations€concerning€theÐ òB Ðtreatment€of€Mr.€Berterretche€Acosta€in€January€and€February€1976€fall€outside€itsÐ Ø( Ðcompetence,€as€they€relate€to€a€period€of€time€prior€to€the€entry€into€force€of€the€CovenantÐ ¾ Ðon€23€March€1976.€Secondly,€the€Committee€observes€that€Berterretche€Acosta's€allegationsÐ ¤ô Ðof€physical€abuse,€contained€in€the€comments€received€from€him€in€July€1985,€are€to€someÐ Š Ú Ðextent€unclear.€As€to€when€the€alleged€torture€took€place€he€employs€the€language€"from€theÐ p!À  Ðtime€I€was€first€captured€and€following€the€interrogations€leading€to€my€indictment".€ReadÐ V"¦! Ðin€context,€however,€and€that€Mr.€Berterretche€Acosta€was€not€charged€at€the€time€he€wasÐ <#Œ" Ðheld€in€activity€in€January€and€February€1976,€it€can€be€assumed€that€the€allegations€referÐ "$r# Ðto€the€period€of€time€from€his€second€arrest,€on€7€September€1977,€until€he€was€indicted.€Mr.Ð %X $ ÐBerterretche€Acosta€does€not€explain€when€he€was€indicted,€but€from€the€court€recordsÐ î%>!% Ðsubsequently€provided€by€the€State€party€(see€para.€8€above)€transpires€that€he€was€indictedÐ Ô&$"& Ðon€17€October€1977.€This€corresponds€to€the€period€of€40€days,€during€which€Mr.Ð º' #' ÐBerterretche€Acosta€was€allegedly€held€incommunicado€(see€para.€2.1€above).€Ð  (ð#( ÐÌ10.4€In€formulating€its€views,€the€Human€Rights€Committee€notes€that€the€state€party€has€notÐ l*¼%* Ðoffered€any€explanations€or€statements€concerning€the€treatment€Mr.€Berterretche€AcostaÐ R+¢&+ Ðfrom€7€September€to€17€October€1977€and€the€circumstances€of€his€detention€during€thatÐ 8,ˆ', Ðtime.€Although€his€description€of€what€allegedly€happened€is€very€brief,€it€is€implicit€inÐ -n(- Ðarticle€4,€paragraph€2,€of€the€Optional€Protocol€that€the€State€party€has€a€duty€to€investigateÐ ° Ðsuch€allegations€good€faith€and€to€inform€the€Committee€of€the€results.€The€CommitteeÐ –æ Ðfurther€notes€that€the€State€party€has€offered€no€comments€in€respect€of€the€allegedÐ |Ì Ðconditions€of€detention€at€Libertad€prison€and€the€consequences€thereof€(para.€10€(2)).€In€theÐ b² Ðcircumstances,€due€weight€must€be€given€to€the€authors'€allegations.€Ð H˜ ÐÌ10.5€The€Committee€has€taken€account€of€the€change€of€Government€in€Uruguay€on€1€MarchÐ  d Ð1985€and€the€enactment€of€special€legislation€aimed€at€the€restoration€of€rights€of€victims€ofÐ ú J Ðthe€previous€military€regime.€The€Committee€is€also€fully€aware€of€the€other€relevant€aspectsÐ à 0 Ðof€the€legal€situation€prevailing€now€in€Uruguay,€but€it€remains€convinced€that€there€is€noÐ Æ   Ðbasis€to€exonerate€the€State€party€from€its€obligation€under€article€2€of€the€Covenant€toÐ ¬ ü  Ðensure€that€any€person€whose€rights€or€freedoms€have€been€violated€shall€have€an€effectiveÐ ’â  Ðremedy,€and€to€assure€that€the€competent€authorities€shall€enforce€such€remedies.€Ð xÈ  ÐÌ11.€The€Human€Rights€Committee,€acting€under€article€5,€paragraph€4,€of€the€OptionalÐ D”  ÐProtocol€to€the€International€Covenant€on€Civil€and€Political€Rights,€is€the€view€that€theÐ *z  Ðevents€of€this€case€in€so€far€as€they€occurred€after€March€1976€(the€date€on€which€theÐ ` ÐCovenant€and€the€Optional€Protocol€entered€into€force€for€Uruguay),€disclose€violations€ofÐ öF Ðthe€International€Covenant€on€Civil€Political€Rights,€particularly€of:€Ð Ü, ÐÌArticle€7,€because€Omar€Berterretche€Acosta€was€subjected€to€torture€and€to€cruel,€inhumanÐ ¨ø Ðand€degrading€treatment€and€punishment,€and€Ð ŽÞ ÐÌArticle€10,€paragraph€1,€because€he€was€not€treated€with€humanity€and€with€respect€for€theÐ Zª Ðinherent€dignity€of€the€human€person€during€his€detention€at€Libertad€prison€until€he€wasÐ @ Ðreleased€on€1€March€1985.€Ð &v ÐÌ12.€The€Committee,€accordingly,€is€of€the€view€that€the€State€party€is€under€an€obligation€toÐ òB Ðtake€effective€measures€to€remedy€the€violations€which€Omar€Berterretche€has€suffered,€andÐ Ø( Ðto€provide€him€with€adequate€compensation.€