ÿWPC¦ ç?œPàó‘MÉz2|´ÓÏÔ¼aÆ’†—½)=<-ᶜMÄz®6BÝ¢t)ÈfÜÙ^Q:îžî‡€EÒ&ª=¤P8‰*v7Ñ‚? 1œØ6Â(ÉØÃ)wNg½xÕîEËÇòšf–ü\¿§gG'£oW«œ”ä™N©¯I 8ÔµrPB©† Ÿ«oOÁ»±½ ñœmX2”½ š‰Ç_=#ñh­²¾RúB®©˜ƒZ ¾(ŠÖÍkãö±*uÎÚ•ÅúAÊ“ßXŇ¹Z IjÓŠ×5‘°*¹æ5Ÿée…×Ç–]M©9W‡g(êÎké!EèÖÒß“4ûuÔ}- é½e¦c°f9©}¤óx淪*¸)¿è'"2lŒ˜Âvm2$xr¯ÑÓÇìÏÉÀ´=‡)™œæ#d}Œš~@Èðr³Óͤ1ø%Ÿ4S#>q5âêPXè¤>30Öˆ%Àiò’`íDêÒdDoŸ“ËQ­{j´àY_ÖÂF¢wÍènÙB›ˆM ÐšfHm}Ò&Ö\N¦dA™á7(\õpèý œѾã tƒ jâÿc1a+à·Å~¦0­oÖSHŒÈ¯ÂÙGªÅw¶T‚m¯B˜õùyÝy->g#É¢UNk %¹ 0:¿ 0Uù 0ÝN 0¿+ 0¹ê 0³£ 0­V 0§ 0¡ª 0›K 0¿æ 0Ë¥ 0­p 0§ 0¡Ä 0›e 0• 0• 0‡$ 0¼« 0Èg 0ª/ 0¤Ù 0ž} 0˜ 0’³ 0ŒE 0„Ñ 0NU 0<£VßNá 0ãfûaý^ w4!5D mFf]a___fsauuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuuu B‰˜ 0(ÖÃ9 Z‹6Times New Roman RegularX(ö\$¡¡ÔCEUS.,Ô*+ ÿÿ(_26Ô2ÔÔ3  Ôà..à*D+D ÿÿ(_25Ó ¨ý ÓÓ ° ÓÓ,"Œ Œ ä <”ìDœôL¤,ÓÔ2ÔÔ3  Ôà..àÓ,"Œ Œ ä <”ìDœôL¤,ÓÓ ¨ý ÓÓ ° Ó*5+5 ÿÿ(_24Ó  ÓÓ)ä ä <”ìDœôL¤)ÓÔ2ÔÔ3  Ôà..àÓ)ä ä <”ìDœôL¤)ÓÓ  Ó*2+2 ÿÿ(_23Ó ` ÓÓ&<<”ìDœôL¤&ÓÔ2ÔÔ3  Ôà..àÓ&<<”ìDœôL¤&ÓÓ ` Ó*/+/ ÿÿ(_22Ó ¸ ÓÓ#””ìDœôL¤#ÓÔ2ÔÔ3  Ôà..àÓ#””ìDœôL¤#ÓÓ ¸ Ó*,+, ÿÿ(_21Ó  ÓÓ ììDœôL¤ ÓÔ2ÔÔ3  Ôà..àÓ ììDœôL¤ ÓÓ  Ó*)+) ÿÿ(_20Ó h ÓÓDDœôL¤ÓÔ2ÔÔ3  Ôà..àÓDDœôL¤ÓÓ h Ó*&+& ÿÿ(_19Ó À ÓÓœœôL¤ÓÔ2ÔÔ3  Ôà..àÓœœôL¤ÓÓ À Ó*#+# ÿÿ(_18Ó  ÓÓ ôôL¤ÓÔ2ÔÔ3  Ôà..àÓ ôôL¤ÓÓ  Ó*>> ÿÿ(_17Ó  ÓÓ2(Ü Ü4Œ ä <”ìDœôL¤2ÓÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô€Ó2(Ü Ü4Œ ä <”ìDœôL¤2ÓÓ  Ó*DD ÿÿ(_16Ó ¨ý ÓÓ ° ÓÓ,"Œ Œ ä <”ìDœôL¤,ÓÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô€Ó,"Œ Œ ä <”ìDœôL¤,ÓÓ ¨ý ÓÓ ° Ó*55 ÿÿ(_15Ó  ÓÓ)ä ä <”ìDœôL¤)ÓÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô€Ó)ä ä <”ìDœôL¤)ÓÓ  Ó*22 ÿÿ(_14Ó ` ÓÓ&<<”ìDœôL¤&ÓÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô€Ó&<<”ìDœôL¤&ÓÓ ` Ó*// ÿÿ(_13Ó ¸ ÓÓ#””ìDœôL¤#ÓÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô€Ó#””ìDœôL¤#ÓÓ ¸ Ó*,, ÿÿ(_12Ó  ÓÓ ììDœôL¤ ÓÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô€Ó ììDœôL¤ ÓÓ  Ó*)) ÿÿ(_11Ó h ÓÓDDœôL¤ÓÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô€ÓDDœôL¤ÓÓ h Ó*&& ÿÿ(_10Ó À ÓÓœœôL¤ÓÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô€ÓœœôL¤ÓÓ À Ó(## ÿÿ&_9Ó  ÓÓ ôôL¤ÓÔ2ÔÔ3  Ô€Ó ôôL¤ÓÓ  Ó(>> ÿÿ&_8Ó  ÓÓ2(Ü Ü4Œ ä <”ìDœôL¤2ÓÔ2ÔÔ3  ÔÓ2(Ü Ü4Œ ä <”ìDœôL¤2ÓÓ  Ó(DD ÿÿ&_7Ó ¨ý ÓÓ ° ÓÓ,"Œ Œ ä <”ìDœôL¤,ÓÔ2ÔÔ3  ÔÓ,"Œ Œ ä <”ìDœôL¤,ÓÓ ¨ý ÓÓ ° Ó(55 ÿÿ&_6Ó  ÓÓ)ä ä <”ìDœôL¤)ÓÔ2ÔÔ3  ÔÓ)ä ä <”ìDœôL¤)ÓÓ  Ó(22 ÿÿ&_5Ó ` ÓÓ&<<”ìDœôL¤&ÓÔ2ÔÔ3  ÔÓ&<<”ìDœôL¤&ÓÓ ` Ó(// ÿÿ&_4Ó ¸ ÓÓ#””ìDœôL¤#ÓÔ2ÔÔ3  ÔÓ#””ìDœôL¤#ÓÓ ¸ Ó(,, ÿÿ&_3Ó  ÓÓ ììDœôL¤ ÓÔ2ÔÔ3  ÔÓ ììDœôL¤ ÓÓ  Ó()) ÿÿ&_2Ó h ÓÓDDœôL¤ÓÔ2ÔÔ3  ÔÓDDœôL¤ÓÓ h Ó(&& ÿÿ&_1Ó À ÓÓœœôL¤ÓÔ2ÔÔ3  ÔÓœœôL¤ÓÓ À Ó&## ÿÿ$_Ó  ÓÓ ôôL¤ÓÔ2ÔÔ3  ÔÓ ôôL¤ÓÓ  Ó6Œ ÿÿ4heading 1Ñ  ÑÓ  ÓÓ  ÓÓ2(Ü Ü4Œ ä <”ìDœôL¤2Óò òòòÔ UK ÔÔ‡XXXÔÔ  ÔÔ  ÔÓ  ÓÔ‡ôôôÔó óóóÔ US ÔÑ  ÑÓ2(Ü Ü4Œ ä <”ìDœôL¤2ÓÓ  Ó<ÿÿ:Default Para<nnÿÿ:footnote texÑ  ÑÓ  ÓÓ2(Ü Ü4Œ ä <”ìDœôL¤2ÓÔ UK ÔÔ‡XXXÔÔ‡ôôôÔÔ US ÔÑ  ÑÓ2(Ü Ü4Œ ä <”ìDœôL¤2ÓÓ  ÓTable_Ag¸p8— ¹p8ê:i¢×+003|xÿU‹ÿÀÀÀTable_AlTABLE A dÝ ƒö\!ÝÔCEUS.,ÔÝ  ÝÔ_Ôò òÓ  ÓÔ‡¼¶»XXÔARGENTINAÔ#†XpyX»¼¶L#ÔÐ ° ÐÓ@ÓÌFollow-up€-€State€ReportingÐ Ê Ѐ€€€€€€€€€€Ô_ÔiÔ_Ô)€Action€by€Treaty€BodiesÐ Ä ÐÌCAT,€A/60/44€(2005)ó óÐ ¸  ÐÌÓ  Ó...Ð ¬ ü ÐCHAPTER€IV.€€€FOLLOW„UP€ON€RECOMMENDATIONS€AND€OBSERVATIONS€ON€STATESÐ ¦ ö ÐPARTIES€REPORTSÐ   ð  ÐÌ115.€€€At€its€thirtieth€session,€in€May€2003,€the€Committee€began€a€routine€practice€of€identifying,€at€the€endÐ ”ä  Ðof€each€set€of€concluding€observations,€a€limited€number€of€recommendations€that€are€of€a€serious€natureÐ ŽÞ  Ðand€warrant€a€request€for€additional€information€following€the€dialogue€with€the€State€party€concerning€itsÐ ˆØ  Ðperiodic€report.€€The€Committee€identifies€conclusions€and€recommendations€regarding€the€reports€of€StatesÐ ‚Ò  Ðparties€which€are€serious,€can€be€accomplished€in€a€one„year€period,€and€are€protective.€€The€CommitteeÐ |Ì Ðhas€requested€those€States€parties€reviewed€since€the€thirtieth€session€of€the€Committee€to€provide€theÐ vÆ Ðinformation€sought€within€one€year.€€Ð pÀ Ð...Ð jº Ð118.€€€The€Rapporteur€has€welcomed€the€follow„up€information€provided€by€six€States€parties€as€of€20Ð d´ ÐMay€2005,€when€its€thirty„fourth€session€concluded,€indicating€the€commitment€of€the€States€parties€to€anÐ ^® Ðongoing€process€of€dialogue€and€cooperation€aimed€at€enhancing€compliance€with€the€requirements€of€theÐ X¨ ÐConvention.€€The€documentation€received€will€be€given€a€document€number€and€made€public.€€TheÐ R¢ ÐRapporteur€has€assessed€the€responses€received€particularly€as€to€whether€all€of€the€items€designated€byÐ Lœ Ðthe€Committee€for€follow„up€(normally€between€three€and€five€issues)€have€been€addressed,€whether€theÐ F– Ðinformation€provided€is€responsive,€and€whether€further€information€is€required.€Ð @ ÐÌ119.€€€With€regard€to€the€States€parties€that€have€not€supplied€the€information€requested,€the€RapporteurÐ 4„ Ðwill€write€to€solicit€the€outstanding€information.€€The€chart€below€details,€as€of€20May€2005,€the€conclusionÐ . ~ Ðof€the€Committeeððs€thirty„fourth€session,€the€status€of€follow„up€replies€to€concluding€observations€sinceÐ (!x Ðthe€practice€was€initiated.€€As€of€that€date,€the€replies€from€seven€States€parties€remained€outstanding.Ð ""r ÐÌ120.€€€As€the€Committeeððs€mechanism€for€monitoring€follow„up€to€concluding€observations€was€establishedÐ $f  Ðin€May€2003,€this€chart€describes€the€results€of€this€procedure€from€its€initiation€until€the€close€of€the€thirty„Ð %` ! Ðfourth€session€in€May€2005.€Ð  &Z!" ÐÌÔ*’ƒ%&°ddd Xdd Xdd X°(#°(#’ÔÔ,žUUÔÔ,'UUÔÔ,½UUÔÔ,A UUÔÔ+  ÔÐ 1'þ'N#$þ'N# €€‚‚ƒÈƒ„„1ÐòòState€partyóóÐ  þ'N#% „„ÐòòDate€dueóóÐ  þ'N#& „„ÐòòDate€replyÐ þ'N#' ÐreceivedóóÐ 'ø(H$(" „„'ÐòòFurther€actionÐ þ'N#) Ѐtaken/requiredóóÐ 6,ø(H$*" È  €€‚‚ƒÈƒ6Ð...Ð  º* &+ „„ÐÐ 'º* &, „„'ÐÐ º* &- ÐÐ 6,º* &. È  €€‚‚ƒÈƒ„„6ÐArgentina€Ð  |,Ì'/ „„ÐNovember€2005Ð '|,Ì'0 „„'ÐÐ '|,Ì'1 „„'ÐÐ$|,Ì'2 È   $Ð...Ð ° ÐÌÔUSCE.,ÔÌò òCAT,€A/61/44€(2006)ó óÐ žî ÐÌ...Ð ’ â ÐÔL  ÔÔM  ÔCHAPTER€ÔL  ÔÔM  ÔÔL  ÔÔM  ÔIV.€€FOLLOW-UP€ON€CONCLUSIONS€AND€RECOMMENDATIONS€ON€STATESÐ Œ Ü ÐPARTIES€REPORTSÐ † Ö ÐÌÔL  ÔÔM  Ô38.€€In€Chapter€IV€of€its€annual€report€for€2004-2005€(A/60/44),€the€Committee€described€the€frameworkÐ z Ê  Ðthat€it€had€developed€to€provide€for€follow-up€subsequent€to€the€adoption€of€the€concluding€observationsÐ tÄ  Ðon€States€parties€reports€submitted€under€article€19€of€the€Convention.€€It€also€presented€information€onÐ n¾  Ðthe€Committeeððs€experience€in€receiving€information€from€States€parties€from€the€initiation€of€the€procedureÐ h¸  Ðin€May€2003€through€May€2005.€€This€chapter€updates€the€Committeeððs€experience€to€19€May€2006,€theÐ b²  Ðend€of€its€thirty-sixth€session.Ð \¬  ÐÌ39.€€In€accordance€with€rule€68,€paragraph€2,€of€the€rules€of€procedure,€the€Committee€established€the€postÐ P  Ðof€Rapporteur€for€follow-up€to€concluding€observations€under€article€19€of€the€Convention€and€appointedÐ Jš ÐMs.€Felice€Ô_ÔGaerÔ_Ô€to€that€position.€€As€in€the€past,€Ms.€Ô_ÔGaerÔ_Ô€presented€a€progress€report€to€the€CommitteeÐ D” Ðin€May€2006€on€the€results€of€the€procedure.Ð >Ž ÐÌ40.€€The€Rapporteur€has€emphasized€that€the€follow-up€procedure€aims€ð ðto€make€more€effective€theÐ 2‚ Ðstruggle€against€torture€and€other€cruel,€inhuman€and€degrading€treatment€or€punishment,ðð€as€articulated€inÐ ,| Ðthe€preamble€to€the€Convention.€€At€the€conclusion€of€the€Committeeððs€review€of€each€State€party€report,Ð &v Ðthe€Committee€identifies€concerns€and€recommends€specific€actions€designed€to€enhance€each€State€partyððsÐ  p Ðability€to€implement€the€measures€necessary€and€appropriate€to€prevent€acts€of€torture€and€cruel€treatment,Ð j Ðand€thereby€assists€States€parties€in€bringing€their€law€and€practice€into€full€compliance€with€the€obligationsÐ d Ðset€forth€in€the€Convention.Ð ^ ÐÌ41.€€Since€its€thirtieth€session€in€May€2003,€the€Committee€began€the€practice€of€identifying€a€limitedÐ !R Ðnumber€of€these€recommendations€that€warrant€a€request€for€additional€information€following€the€reviewÐ ü!L Ðand€discussion€with€the€State€party€concerning€its€periodic€report.€€Such€ð ðfollow-upðð€recommendations€areÐ ö"F Ðidentified€because€they€are€serious,€proÔ_ÔtectiveÔ_Ô,€and€are€considered€able€to€be€accomplished€within€one€year.€Ð ð#@  ÐThe€States€parties€are€asked€to€provide€within€one€year€information€on€the€measures€taken€to€give€effectÐ ê$: ! Ðto€its€ð ðfollow-up€recommendationsðð€which€are€specifically€noted€in€a€paragraph€near€the€end€of€theÐ ä%4!" Ðconclusions€and€recommendations€on€the€review€of€the€States€partiesðð€report€under€article€19.Ð Þ&."# ÐÌ42.€€Since€the€procedure€was€established€at€the€thirtieth€session€in€May€2003€through€the€end€of€theÐ Ò("$% Ðthirty-sixth€session€in€May€2006,€the€Committee€has€reviewed€39€States€for€which€it€has€identifiedÐ Ì)%& Ðfollow-up€recommendations.€€Of€the€19€States€parties€that€were€due€to€have€submitted€their€follow-upÐ Æ*&' Ðreports€to€the€Committee€by€1€May€2006,€12€had€completed€this€requirement€(Argentina,€Azerbaijan,Ð À+'( ÐCzech€Republic,€Colombia,€Germany,€Greece,€Latvia,€Lithuania,€Morocco,€New€Zealand,€UnitedÐ º, () ÐKingdom,€and€Yemen).€€As€of€May,€seven€States€had€failed€to€supply€follow-up€information€that€had€fallenÐ ´-)* Ðdue€(Bulgaria,€Cambodia,€Cameroon,€Chile,€Croatia,€Moldova,€Monaco),€and€each€was€sent€a€reminderÐ ° Ðof€the€items€still€outstanding€and€requesting€them€to€submit€information€to€the€Committee.€Ð ªú ÐÌ43.€€With€this€procedure,€the€Committee€seeks€to€advance€the€Conventionððs€requirement€that€ð ðeach€StateÐ žî Ðparty€shall€take€effective€legislative,€administrative,€judicial€or€other€measures€to€prevent€acts€of€torture€ð8ðððÐ ˜è Ð(art.€2,€para.€1)€and€the€undertaking€ð ðto€prevent€ð8ð€other€acts€of€cruel,€inhuman€and€degrading€treatmentÐ ’ â Ðor€punishment€ð8ððð€(art.€16).Ð Œ Ü ÐÌ44.€€The€Rapporteur€has€expressed€appreciation€for€the€information€provided€by€States€parties€regardingÐ € Ð Ðthose€measures€taken€to€implement€their€obligations€under€the€Convention.€€In€addition,€she€has€assessedÐ z Ê  Ðthe€responses€received€as€to€whether€all€of€the€items€designated€by€the€Committee€for€follow-up€(normallyÐ tÄ  Ðbetween€three€to€six€recommendations)€have€been€addressed,€whether€the€information€provided€respondsÐ n¾  Ðto€the€Committeeððs€concern,€and€whether€further€information€is€required.€€Where€further€information€isÐ h¸  Ðneeded,€she€writes€to€the€State€party€concerned€with€specific€requests€for€further€clarification.€€With€regardÐ b²  Ðto€States€that€have€not€supplied€the€follow-up€information€at€all,€she€writes€to€solicit€the€outstandingÐ \¬  Ðinformation.€Ð V¦ ÐÌ45.€€Each€letter€responds€specifically€and€in€detail€to€the€information€presented€by€the€State€party,€whichÐ Jš Ðis€given€a€formal€United€Nations€document€symbol€number.Ð D” ÐÌ46.€€Since€the€recommendations€to€each€State€party€are€crafted€to€reflect€the€specific€situation€in€thatÐ 8ˆ Ðcountry,€the€follow-up€responses€from€the€States€parties€and€letters€from€the€Rapporteur€requesting€furtherÐ 2‚ Ðclarification€address€a€wide€array€of€topics.€€Among€those€addressed€in€the€letters€sent€to€States€partiesÐ ,| Ðrequesting€further€information€have€been€a€number€of€precise€matters€seen€as€essential€to€the€implementationÐ &v Ðof€the€recommendation€in€question.€€A€number€of€issues€have€been€highlighted€to€reflect€not€only€theÐ  p Ðinformation€provided,€but€also€the€issues€not€addressed€but€which€are€deemed€essential€in€the€CommitteeððsÐ j Ðongoing€work€in€order€to€be€effective€in€taking€preventive€and€protective€measures€to€eliminate€torture€andÐ d Ðill-treatment.Ð ^ Ð...Ð  X ÐÔL  ÔÔM  Ô48.€€The€chart€below€details,€as€of€19€May€2006,€the€end€of€the€Committeeððs€thirty-sixth€session,€the€stateÐ !R Ðof€the€replies€with€respect€to€follow-up.Ð ü!L ÐÌÔL  ÔÔM  ÔÔL  ÔÔM  ÔÓ  Óò òA.€€Follow-up€reply€due€before€1€May€2006ó óÐ ð#@  ÐÓ *ÓÌÔ*¥ƒ12Ïd°džUUž'UU'½UU½A UUA %&°(#°(#¥ÔÔ,°dd ÔÔ,'dd ÔÔ,'dd ÔÔ,` dd ÔÔ,rdd ÔÔ+  ÔÐ ä%4!"ä%4! ÐState€partyÐ  H&˜!# ÐDate€dueÐ  H&˜!$ ÐDate€replyÐ H&˜!% ÐreceivedÐ  B'’"& ÐDocument€symbol€numberÐ  H&˜!' ÐFurther€actionÐ H&˜!( Ðtaken/requiredÐ  B'’") Ð...Ð  Ð( $* ÐÐ  Ð( $+ ÐÐ  Ð( $, ÐÐ  Ð( $- ÐÐ  Ð( $. ÐArgentinaÐ  ^*®%/ ÐNovember€2005Ð 8. ^*®%0  ëâ@38749‰ ëâ@‰8Ð2€February€2006Ð 7-+^*®%1  ëâ@38749  ëâ@ 7ÐCAT/C/Ô_ÔARGÔ_Ô/CO/4/Add.1Ð  ^*®%2 ÐÐ  ^*®%3 Ð...Ð  ì+<'4 ÐÐ  ì+<'5 ÐÐ  ì+<'6 ÐÐ  ì+<'7 ÐÐ ì+<'8  ÐÔCE.,US.,ÔÔUSCE.,ÔÐ -f(8 Ðò òCAT,€A/62/44€(2007)ó óÐ ° ÐÌ...Ð ¤ô ÐIV.à  àFOLLOW€UP€ON€CONCLUSIONS€AND€RECOMMENDATIONS€ON€STATES€PARTIESÐ žî ÐÔ_ÔREPORTSÔ_ÔÐ ˜è ÐÌ46.à  àIn€Chapter€IV€of€its€annual€report€for€2005€2006€(A/61/44),€the€Committee€described€theÐ Œ Ü Ðframework€that€it€had€developed€to€provide€for€follow€up€subsequent€to€the€adoption€of€the€conclusionsÐ † Ö Ðand€recommendations€on€States€parties€reports€submitted€under€article€19€of€the€Convention.€It€alsoÐ € Ð Ðpresented€information€on€the€Committeeððs€experience€in€receiving€information€from€States€parties€from€theÐ z Ê  Ðinitiation€of€the€procedure€in€May€2003€through€May€2006.€This€chapter€updates€the€CommitteeððsÐ tÄ  Ðexperience€to€18€May€2007,€the€end€of€its€thirty€eighth€session.Ð n¾  ÐÌ47.à  àIn€accordance€with€rule€68,€paragraph€2,€of€the€rules€of€procedure,€the€Committee€established€theÐ b²  Ðpost€of€Rapporteur€for€follow€up€to€conclusions€and€recommendations€under€article€19€of€the€ConventionÐ \¬  Ðand€appointed€Ms.€Felice€Ô_ÔGaerÔ_Ô€to€that€position.€As€in€the€past,€Ms.€Ô_ÔGaerÔ_Ô€presented€a€progress€report€toÐ V¦ Ðthe€Committee€in€May€2007€on€the€results€of€the€procedure.Ð P  ÐÌ48.à  àThe€Rapporteur€has€emphasized€that€the€follow€up€procedure€aims€ð ðto€make€more€effective€theÐ D” Ðstruggle€against€torture€and€other€cruel,€inhuman€and€degrading€treatment€or€punishmentðð,€as€articulated€inÐ >Ž Ðthe€preamble€to€the€Convention.€At€the€conclusion€of€the€Committeeððs€review€of€each€State€party€report,Ð 8ˆ Ðthe€Committee€identifies€concerns€and€recommends€specific€actions€designed€to€enhance€each€State€partyððsÐ 2‚ Ðability€to€implement€the€measures€necessary€and€appropriate€to€prevent€acts€of€torture€and€cruel€treatment,Ð ,| Ðand€thereby€assists€States€parties€in€bringing€their€law€and€practice€into€full€compliance€with€the€obligationsÐ &v Ðset€forth€in€the€Convention.Ð  p ÐÌ49.à  àSince€its€thirtieth€session€in€May€2003,€the€Committee€began€the€practice€of€identifying€a€limitedÐ d Ðnumber€of€these€recommendations€that€warrant€a€request€for€additional€information€following€the€reviewÐ ^ Ðand€discussion€with€the€State€party€concerning€its€periodic€report.€Such€ð ðfollow€upðð€recommendations€areÐ  X Ðidentified€because€they€are€serious,€protÔ_ÔectiveÔ_Ô,€and€are€considered€able€to€be€accomplished€within€one€year.Ð !R ÐThe€States€parties€are€asked€to€provide€within€one€year€information€on€the€measures€taken€to€give€effectÐ ü!L Ðto€its€ð ðfollow€up€recommendationsðð€which€are€specifically€noted€in€a€paragraph€near€the€end€of€theÐ ö"F Ðconclusions€and€recommendations€on€the€review€of€the€States€partiesðð€reports€under€article€19.Ð ð#@  ÐÌ50.à  àSince€the€procedure€was€established€at€the€thirtieth€session€in€May€2003,€through€the€end€of€theÐ ä%4!" Ðthirty€eighth€session€in€May€2007€the€Committee€has€reviewed€53€States€for€which€it€has€identified€followÐ Þ&."# Ðup€recommendations.€Of€the€39€States€parties€that€were€due€to€have€submitted€their€follow€up€reports€toÐ Ø'(#$ Ðthe€Committee€by€18€May€2007,€25€had€completed€this€requirement€(Albania,€Argentina,€Austria,Ð Ò("$% ÐAzerbaijan,€Bahrain,€Canada,€Chile,€Czech€Republic,€Colombia,€Croatia,€Ecuador,€Finland,€France,Ð Ì)%& ÐGermany,€Greece,€Latvia,€Lithuania,€Monaco,€Morocco,€New€Zealand,€Qatar,€Sri€Lanka,€Switzerland,Ð Æ*&' ÐUnited€Kingdom€and€Yemen).€As€of€18€May,€14€States€had€not€yet€supplied€follow€up€information€that€hadÐ À+'( Ðfallen€due€(Bulgaria,€Bosnia€and€Herzegovina,€Cambodia,€Cameroon,€Democratic€Republic€of€the€Congo,Ð º, () ÐGeorgia,€Guatemala,€Republic€of€Korea,€Moldova,€Nepal,€Peru,€Togo,€Uganda€and€United€States€ofÐ ´-)* ÐAmerica).€In€March€2007,€the€Rapporteur€sent€a€reminder€requesting€the€outstanding€information€to€eachÐ ° Ðof€the€States€whose€follow€up€information€was€due€in€November€2006,€but€had€not€yet€been€submitted,Ð ªú Ðand€who€had€not€previously€been€sent€a€reminder.Ð ¤ô ÐÌ51.à  àThe€Rapporteur€noted€that€14€follow€up€reports€had€fallen€due€since€the€previous€annual€reportÐ ˜è Ð(A/61/44).€However,€only€4€(Austria,€Ecuador,€Qatar€and€Sri€Lanka)€of€these€14€States€had€submitted€theÐ ’ â Ðfollow€up€information€in€a€timely€manner.€Despite€this,€she€expressed€the€view€that€the€follow€up€procedureÐ Œ Ü Ðhad€been€remarkably€successful€in€eliciting€valuable€additional€information€from€States€on€protectiveÐ † Ö Ðmeasures€taken€during€the€immediate€follow€up€to€the€review€of€the€periodic€reports.€While€comparativelyÐ € Ð Ðfew€States€had€replied€precisely€on€time,€19€of€the€25€respondents€had€submitted€the€information€on€timeÐ z Ê  Ðor€within€a€matter€of€one€to€four€months€following€the€due€date.€Reminders€seemed€to€help€elicit€many€ofÐ tÄ  Ðthese€responses.€The€Rapporteur€also€expressed€appreciation€to€non€governmental€organizations,€manyÐ n¾  Ðof€whom€had€also€encouraged€States€parties€to€submit€follow€up€information€in€a€timely€way.Ð h¸  ÐÌ52.à  àThrough€this€procedure,€the€Committee€seeks€to€advance€the€Conventionððs€requirement€that€ð ðeachÐ \¬  ÐState€party€shall€take€effective€legislative,€administrative,€judicial€or€other€measures€to€prevent€acts€ofÐ V¦ Ðtorture€ð8ððð€(art.€2,€para.€1)€and€the€undertaking€ð ðto€prevent€ð8ð€other€acts€of€cruel,€inhuman€and€degradingÐ P  Ðtreatment€or€punishment€ð8ððð€(art.€16).Ð Jš ÐÌ53.à  àThe€Rapporteur€has€expressed€appreciation€for€the€information€provided€by€States€partiesÐ >Ž Ðregarding€those€measures€taken€to€implement€their€obligations€under€the€Convention.€In€addition,€she€hasÐ 8ˆ Ðassessed€the€responses€received€as€to€whether€all€the€items€designated€by€the€Committee€for€follow€upÐ 2‚ Ð(normally€between€three€and€six€recommendations)€have€been€addressed,€whether€the€information€providedÐ ,| Ðresponds€to€the€Committeeððs€concern,€and€whether€further€information€is€required.€Each€letter€respondsÐ &v Ðspecifically€and€in€detail€to€the€information€presented€by€the€State€party.€Where€further€information€isÐ  p Ðneeded,€she€writes€to€the€State€party€concerned€with€specific€requests€for€further€clarification.€With€regardÐ j Ðto€States€that€have€not€supplied€the€follow€up€information€at€all,€she€writes€to€solicit€the€outstandingÐ d Ðinformation.Ð ^ ÐÌ54.à  àAt€its€thirty€eighth€session€in€May,€the€Committee€decided€to€make€public€the€Rapporteurððs€lettersÐ !R Ðto€the€States€parties.€These€would€be€assigned€a€United€Nations€document€symbol€number€and€placed€onÐ ü!L Ðthe€web€page€of€the€Committee.€The€Committee€further€decided€to€assign€a€United€Nations€documentÐ ö"F Ðsymbol€number€to€all€States€partiesðð€replies€(these€symbol€numbers€are€under€consideration)€to€the€followÐ ð#@  Ðup€and€also€place€them€on€its€website.Ð ê$: ! ÐÌ55.à  àSince€the€recommendations€to€each€State€party€are€crafted€to€reflect€the€specific€situation€in€thatÐ Þ&."# Ðcountry,€the€follow€up€responses€from€the€States€parties€and€letters€from€the€Rapporteur€requesting€furtherÐ Ø'(#$ Ðclarification€address€a€wide€array€of€topics.€Among€those€addressed€in€the€letters€sent€to€States€partiesÐ Ò("$% Ðrequesting€further€information€have€been€a€number€of€precise€matters€seen€as€essential€to€the€implementationÐ Ì)%& Ðof€the€recommendation€in€question.€A€number€of€issues€have€been€highlighted€to€reflect€not€only€theÐ Æ*&' Ðinformation€provided,€but€also€the€issues€that€have€not€been€addressed€but€which€are€deemed€essential€toÐ À+'( Ðthe€Committeeððs€ongoing€work,€in€order€to€be€effective€in€taking€preventive€and€protective€measures€toÐ º, () Ðeliminate€torture€and€ill€treatment.Ð ´-)* Ð...Ð ° Ð57.à  àThe€chart€below€details,€as€of€18€May€2007,€the€end€of€the€Committeeððs€thirty€eighth€session,€theÐ ªú Ðstate€of€the€replies€with€respect€to€follow€up.Ð ¤ô ЀÌò òFollow€up€procedure€to€conclusions€and€recommendations€from€May€2003€to€May€2007Ð ˜è ÐÌ...ó óÐ Œ Ü Ðò òThirty€third€session€(November€2004)ó óÐ † Ö ÐÌÔ*¸ƒ-.ûdÏd°dd °'dd ''dd '` dd ` rdd r12°(#°(#¸ÔÔ,Ü\RÔÔ,\RÔÔ,: \RÔÔ,' \\ÔÔ+  ÔÐ 4*z Ê z Ê €€‚ ‚ƒ ƒ„„‹‹4Ðò òState€partyó óÐ 9/!„ Ô " „„‹‹9Ðò òInformationÐ „ Ô  Ðdue€inó óÐ 9/!~Î " „„‹‹9Ðò òInformation€receivedó óÐ 9/!„ Ô " „„‹‹9Ðò òAction€takenó óÐ H>,„ Ô"   €€‚‚ƒƒ‹‹HÐArgentinaÐ '‚Ò  ‹‹'ÐNovember€2005Ð '‚Ò  ‹‹'Ð2€February€2006Ð ‚Ò  ÐCAT/C/Ô_ÔARGÔ_Ô/CO/4/Add.1Ð '|Ì  ‹‹'ÐRequest€for€further€clarificationÐ ?5#‚Ò    €€‚‚ƒƒ‹‹?Ð...Ð 'vÆ  ‹‹'ÐÐ 'vÆ  ‹‹'ÐÐ 'vÆ  ‹‹'ÐÐ3)'vÆ     3ÐÌÔCE.,US.,9/ÔÔUSCE.,ÔÐ  jº Ðòòò òii)€Action€by€State€Partyó óóóÐ ° ÐÌò òCAT/C/Ô_ÔARGÔ_Ô/CO/4/Add.1€(2006)ó óÐ ¤ô ÐÌÓ  Óò òComments€submitted€by€the€Government€of€Argentina€on€the€conclusionsÐ ˜è Ðand€recommendations€of€the€Committee€against€Torture€(CAT/C/CR/33/1)ó óÐ ’ â ÐÓ›XÓÌ[2€February€2006]Ð † Ö ÐÌ1.€€Following€recommendations€made€by€the€Committee,€information€can€be€found€annexed€to€the€presentÐ z Ê  Ðdocument€in€response€to€the€recommendations€appearing€below.Ð tÄ  ÐÌ2.€€In€paragraph€7,€the€Committee€recommends€that€the€State€party€should€take€all€necessary€steps€toÐ h¸  Ðprevent€acts€of€torture€and€ill„treatment€in€the€territory€of€the€State€of€Argentina,€and€in€particular€that€itÐ b²  Ðshould:Ð \¬  ÐÌ(a)€€Organize€a€national€register€of€information€from€domestic€courts€on€cases€of€torture€and€ill„treatmentÐ P  Ðin€the€State€party,€a€measure€stated€by€the€State€party€to€be€feasible;Ð Jš ÐÌ(b)€€Take€specific€steps€to€safeguard€the€physical€integrity€of€the€members€of€all€vulnerable€groups;Ð >Ž ÐÌÔ_Ô(cÔ_Ô)€€Take€appropriate€steps€to€guarantee€full€respect€for€the€dignity€and€human€rights€of€all€persons€duringÐ 2‚ Ðbody€searches,€in€full€compliance€with€international€standards;Ð ,| ÐÌ(d)€€Establish€national€prevention€machinery€with€authority€to€make€periodic€visits€to€federal€and€provincialÐ  p Ðdetention€Ô_ÔcentresÔ_Ô€for€the€purpose€of€fully€implementing€the€Optional€Protocol€to€the€Convention.Ð j ÐÌ3.€€Finally,€the€Government€of€Argentina€promises€to€keep€the€Committee€informed€of€progress€inÐ ^ Ðimplementing€the€recommendations€made€subsequent€to€the€oral€introduction€of€Argentinaððs€most€recentÐ  X Ðperiodic€report.Ð !R ÐÌÌÓ  Óò òReport€of€the€Human€Rights€Office€of€the€Ministry€of€Justice€and€HumanÐ ð#@  ÐRights€in€reply€to€the€recommendations€by€the€United€Nations€CommitteeÐ ê$: ! Ðagainst€Torture€subsequent€to€the€oral€introduction€by€Argentina€of€itsÐ ä%4!" Ðfourth€periodic€report€before€the€Committee€at€its€thirty„third€sessionÐ Þ&."# Ðon€16€and€17€November€2004ó óÐ Ø'(#$ ÐÓù_ÓÌ4.€€The€Committee€produced€a€set€of€recommendations,€asking€that€within€a€year€a€reply€should€beÐ Ì)%& Ðforthcoming€on€the€specific€measures€adopted€to€give€effect€to€four€recommendations€in€particular.€€WithÐ Æ*&' Ðregard€to€these,€we€would€like€to€provide€the€infoÔ_ÔrmationÔ_Ô€appearing€below.Ð À+'( ÐÌÐ ´-)* ÐÔ_Ô‡Ìò òRecommendation€(e)ó óÐ ªú ÐÌò òOrganize€a€national€register€of€information€from€domestic€courts€on€cases€of€torture€and€ill„Ð žî Ðtreatment€in€the€State€party,€a€measure€stated€by€the€State€party€to€be€feasibleó ó.Ð ˜è ÐÌ5.€€When€the€Argentine€delegation€made€its€oral€introduction€of€the€fourth€periodic€report€in€NovemberÐ Œ Ü Ð2004,€it€was€not€in€a€position€to€provide€adequate€and€full€information€from€each€province€and€the€federalÐ † Ö Ðjurisdiction€on€cases€of€torture€and€ill„treatment€of€persons€deprived€of€their€freedom.€€Replies€wereÐ € Ð Ðreceived€from€only€about€half€the€provinces€circulated,€and€those€that€did€reply€gave€signs€of€having€onlyÐ z Ê  Ða€limited€amount€of€adequate€and€reliable€information.Ð tÄ  ÐÌ6.€€In€2005€a€working€group€was€established€comprising€staff€of€the€Office€of€Crime€Policy€and€PrisonÐ h¸  ÐAffairs,€part€of€the€Ministry€of€Justice€and€Human€Rights.€€It€considered€the€general€situation€and€problemsÐ b²  Ðinvolved€in€sending€complete€information€on€torture€and€ill„treatment€from€the€law€courts,€at€both€the€federalÐ \¬  Ðlevel€and€that€of€the€various€provinces.€€Various€options€were€evaluated,€including€that€there€was€a€needÐ V¦ Ðfor€a€special€database,€created€by€executive€decree,€dealing€with€matters€of€federal€interest,€stemming€fromÐ P  ÐArgentinaððs€obligations€as€a€State€party€to€an€international€instrument,€the€Convention€against€Torture€andÐ Jš ÐOther€Cruel,€Inhuman€or€Degrading€Treatment€or€Punishment.Ð D” ÐÌ7.€€Since€then,€work€has€been€proceeding€on€the€associated€legislative€framework€and€various€proposalsÐ 8ˆ Ðfor€attaining€the€general€goal,€in€which€the€instruments€used€by€the€Ombudsman€before€the€Court€of€AppealÐ 2‚ Ðof€Buenos€Aires€province€were€used€as€precedents;€these€are€shown€by€way€of€example€(annex€1).Ð ,| ÐÌ8.€€In€November€2005,€when€the€draft€decree€for€implementing€the€Optional€Protocol€to€the€ConventionÐ  p Ðagainst€Torture€was€being€drawn€up,€an€article€was€incorporated€in€it€providing€for€the€establishment€of€aÐ j Ðnational€register€or€database€for€reporting€on€cases€of€torture€and€ill-treatment.€€The€draft€decree€is€underÐ d Ðconsideration€by€the€Minister€of€Justice€and€Human€Rights,€before€being€submitted€to€the€President€of€theÐ ^ ÐRepublic€for€signature.€€It€states:€€ð ðInstruct€the€Minister€of€Justice€and€Human€Rights€to€proceed€to€create,Ð  X Ðwithin€sixty€(60)€days€of€publishing€this€decree,€a€database€containing€statistical€information€on€incidents€ofÐ !R Ðtorture€and€other€cruel,€inhuman€or€degrading€punishment€or€acts.ðð€€The€database€will€be€federal€in€scope,Ð ü!L Ðand€gather€information€from€around€the€country,€employing€specialized€model€data€fields€for€providingÐ ö"F Ðinformation€in€varying€formats€differentiated€by€factual€descriptions€of€the€various€situations.€€It€will€makeÐ ð#@  Ðit€possible€to€retrieve€detailed€and€reliable€information€on€specific€cases€foreseen€in€the€Convention€againstÐ ê$: ! ÐTorture€and€on€the€precedents€established€so€far€by€the€international€courts€on€human€rights€issues.Ð ä%4!" ÐÌ9.€€Similarly,€and€with€reference€to€incidents€reported,€the€Under„Secretary€for€Prison€Affairs€of€the€OfficeÐ Ø'(#$ Ðof€Crime€Policy€and€Prison€Affairs€of€the€Ministry€of€Justice€and€Human€Rights€has,€in€order€to€obtainÐ Ò("$% Ðinformation€on€prisoners€held€in€institutions€of€the€federal€penitentiary€system€who€report€being€victims€ofÐ Ì)%& Ðtorture€or€ill„treatment€(òòÔ_ÔapremiosÔ_Ô€Ô_ÔilegalesÔ_Ôóó€in€the€language€of€Argentinaððs€Criminal€Code)€and€identify€prisonÐ Æ*&' Ðstaff€involved,€forwarded€enquiries€to€the€President€of€the€National€Appeal€Court€for€Criminal€andÐ À+'( ÐCorrectional€Cases,€to€the€President€of€the€National€Appeal€Court€for€Federal€Criminal€and€CorrectionalÐ º, () ÐCases,€and€to€the€Presidents€of€the€Federal€Appeals€Courts€in€different€parts€of€the€country,€through€whomÐ ´-)* Ðit€was€asked€whether€the€courts€at€any€of€these€levels€were€recording€cases€stemming€from€reports€ofÐ ° Ðtorture€or€ill„treatment.€€To€give€a€clearer€idea,€copies€of€these€enquiries,€replies€to€which€were€beingÐ ªú Ðassembled€as€this€report€was€being€drafted,€are€annexed€hereto€(annex€2).Ð ¤ô ÐÌ10.€€In€addition,€in€the€absence€of€a€reliable€register€containing€data€on€violent€deaths€occurring€in€any€placeÐ ˜è Ðof€incarceration€during€2005,€staff€of€the€Human€Rights€Office€compiled€a€register€of€deaths€in€custody€onÐ ’ â Ðthe€basis€of€cross„checked€information€from€different€sources,€government€and€non„governmental,€suchÐ Œ Ü Ðas€the€federal€and€provincial€prison€services,€police€and€other€security€forces,€persons€in€jail€and€membersÐ † Ö Ðof€their€immediate€families,€journalistic€articles,€human€rights€organizations€and€private€information€from€staffÐ € Ð Ðof€the€Office.€€The€aim€is€for€this€register€to€be€organized€with€greater€precision€in€2006,€to€which€end€theÐ z Ê  Ðdifferent€federal€and€provincial€agencies€are€asked€to€submit€the€relevant€information€in€periodic€form€toÐ tÄ  Ðthe€Human€Rights€Office.€€A€copy€of€the€register€is€annexed€hereto€(annex€3).Ð n¾  ÐÌò òRecommendation€(f)ó óÐ b²  ÐÌò òTake€specific€steps€to€safeguard€the€physical€integrity€of€the€members€of€all€vulnerable€groups.ó óÐ V¦ ÐÌ11.€€A€necessary€precondition€for€compliance€with€this€recommendation€is€to€have€information€that€can€beÐ Jš Ðrelied€on€in€both€qualitative€and€quantitative€terms.Ð D” ÐÌ12.€€To€this€end,€in€November€2004€the€Human€Rights€Office€began€to€prepare€a€database€that€wasÐ 8ˆ Ðafterwards€refined€with€the€assistance€of€the€United€Nations€Childrenððs€Fund€(UNICEF).€€An€integratedÐ 2‚ Ðpicture€of€the€situation€at€the€national€level€and€in€each€of€the€different€provinces€of€Argentina€has€beenÐ ,| Ðproduced,€indicating€the€number€of€persons€under€21€years€of€age€held€in€jail,€the€number€and€type€ofÐ &v Ðinstitutions€where€they€are€held,€and€the€reasons€why€they€are€confined.Ð  p ÐÌ13.€€As€part€of€this€survey,€an€event€entitled€ð ðDays€of€Good€Practice€in€Juvenile€Criminal€Justiceðð€was€heldÐ d Ðon€19€and€20€September€2005.€€Organized€by€the€Human€Rights€Office€and€the€National€Council€forÐ ^ ÐChildhood,€Adolescence€and€the€Family,€the€event€was€sponsored€by€Argentinaððs€Senate,€the€UnitedÐ  X ÐNations€Latin€American€Institute€for€the€Prevention€of€Crime€and€the€Treatment€of€Offenders€(Ô_ÔILANUDÔ_Ô),Ð !R Ðand€the€Special€Rapporteur€on€the€rights€of€persons€in€confinement€of€the€Inter„American€Commission€onÐ ü!L ÐHuman€Rights€(for€Ô_ÔprogrammeÔ_Ô,€see€annex€4).€€The€Days€of€Good€Practice€saw€the€presentation€of€the€firstÐ ö"F Ðdata€generated€from€the€various€provinces€of€Argentina,€giving€an€estimate€of€24,000€children€andÐ ð#@  Ðadolescents,€confined€for€reasons€of€social€insecurity€in€more€than€80€per€cent€of€cases€(see€finalÐ ê$: ! Ðinvestigation€report,€annex€5).€€This€cohort,€children€and€adolescents€of€both€sexes€in€custody,€is€the€groupÐ ä%4!" Ðwhose€rights€are€more€widely€and€seriously€affected€than€any€other,€both€in€numbers€and€in€the€degree€ofÐ Þ&."# Ðinsecurity€they€suffer€from.Ð Ø'(#$ ÐÌ14.€€In€the€context€of€this€project€involving€research€and€subsequent€action,€visits€were€made€toÐ Ì)%& Ðestablishments€where€children€were€held€in€custody€„€police€stations,€Ô_ÔcentresÔ_Ô,€institutions€and€prisons€„€inÐ Æ*&' Ðthe€provinces€of€Tucumn,€Ô_ÔRoÔ_Ô€Negro,€Jujuy,€Mendoza,€Salta,€and€the€Autonomous€City€of€Buenos€Aires.€Ð À+'( ÐIn€each€of€these€cases,€public€inquiries€were€held€and€direct€approaches€were€made€to€the€executive,Ð º, () Ðjudiciary€and€legislature.€€Similarly,€in€each€of€the€areas€visited,€publicity€was€given€to€the€content€and€aimsÐ ´-)* Ðof€the€Optional€Protocol€to€the€Convention€against€Torture.Ð ° ÐÌ15.€€Special€mention€should€be€made€of€the€province€of€Ô_ÔRoÔ_Ô€Negro,€where€in€June€2005€a€thematicÐ ¤ô Ðobservatory€for€the€study€of€conditions€of€detention€in€places€of€confinement€was€established,€based€on€aÐ žî Ðjoint€project€between€the€United€Nations€Development€Ô_ÔProgrammeÔ_Ô€(Ô_ÔUNDPÔ_Ô),€the€Human€Rights€Office€ofÐ ˜è ÐArgentinaððs€Ministry€of€Justice€and€Human€Rights,€and€the€Human€Rights€and€Imprisoned€Personsðð€GroupÐ ’ â Ðformed€at€the€local€university.€€As€part€of€the€work€of€the€Observatory,€major€activities€were€conductedÐ Œ Ü Ðin€two€cities€of€Ô_ÔRoÔ_Ô€Negro€province:€€General€Ô_ÔRocaÔ_Ô€and€Ô_ÔViedmaÔ_Ô.€€In€General€Ô_ÔRocaÔ_Ô€a€visit€was€undertakenÐ † Ö Ðfor€the€first€time€to€the€Ô_ÔAlfonsinaÔ_Ô€Ô_ÔStorniÔ_Ô€Home,€a€facility€for€single€mothers€with€infants,€girls€andÐ € Ð Ðadolescents.€€The€condition€of€the€accommodation€noted€by€the€Observatory€team€led€to€a€public€outcry,Ð z Ê  Ðand€a€number€of€changes€were€introduced€by€the€authorities.€€In€Ô_ÔViedmaÔ_Ô,€where€there€is€also€a€branch€ofÐ tÄ  Ðthe€Observatory,€following€a€visit€to€the€local€reformatory,€where€a€meeting€took€place€with€twoÐ n¾  Ðadolescents€held€in€custody€because€of€their€social€situation,€a€series€of€legal€moves€was€begun€inÐ h¸  Ðassociation€with€their€families€and€the€local€authorities,€with€the€aim€of€putting€an€end€to€their€detention.Ð b²  ÐÌ16.€€It€should€be€noted€that€on€28€September€2005€the€Argentine€Parliament€adopted€the€Act€on€theÐ V¦ ÐComprehensive€Protection€of€the€Rights€of€the€Child,€promulgated€on€26€October€2005.€€This€norm,Ð P  Ðapplicable€to€all€minors€under€18€years€of€age,€lays€down€a€series€of€ð ðmeasures€for€the€comprehensiveÐ Jš Ðprotection€of€rightsðð€which€must€be€applied€by€the€competent€administrative€authorities€ð ðif€there€are€threatsÐ D” Ðor€violations€of€rights€or€guarantees€of€one€or€more€children€or€adolescents€individually€considered,€withÐ >Ž Ðthe€aim€of€preserving€or€restoring€them,€or€remedying€their€consequencesðð€(art.€33).€€The€same€article€laysÐ 8ˆ Ðdown€that€ð ðlack€of€material€resources€of€the€parents,€family,€legal€representatives€or€guardians€of€theÐ 2‚ Ðchildren€and€adolescents,€whether€circumstantial,€temporary€or€permanent,€shall€not€constitute€grounds€forÐ ,| Ðseparation€from€their€nuclear€or€extended€family,€or€from€those€with€whom€they€retain€emotional€ties,€orÐ &v Ðfor€placing€them€in€institutionsðð,€ensuring€that€such€measures€of€protection€do€not€consist€in€loss€of€freedomÐ  p Ð(art.€36).Ð j ÐÌ17.€€Act€No.€26,061€meant€no€longer€allowing€the€Child€Welfare€Agency,€that€is€judges,€to€decide€whatÐ ^ Ðhappens€to€children€and€adolescents,€a€state€of€affairs€which€had€resulted€in€18,000€children€being€confinedÐ  X Ðin€various€kinds€of€State€and€private€institutions€because€of€their€own€poverty€or€that€of€their€families.€€TheÐ !R Ðchange€in€approach€(from€the€concept€of€minors€in€an€irregular€situation€to€that€of€comprehensive€protectionÐ ü!L Ðof€their€rights)€is€a€process€that€is€fully€under€way.€€The€Stateððs€responsibility€for€tackling€the€problem€ofÐ ö"F Ðchildren€and€adolescents€from€the€standpoint€of€protecting€their€rights€instead€of€confinement€implies€a€seriesÐ ð#@  Ðof€structural€changes€and€changes€in€institutional€practice.€€The€enactment€of€this€norm€is€merely€a€first€step.Ð ê$: ! ÐÌ18.€€Regarding€arbitrary€detentions€of€children€and€adolescents,€a€Day€of€Youth,€Punishment€and€Rights,Ð Þ&."# Ðjointly€organized€by€Argentinaððs€National€Youth€Directorate€(Ô_ÔDINAJUÔ_Ô)€of€the€Ministry€of€SocialÐ Ø'(#$ ÐDevelopment,€the€Office€of€Crime€Policy€and€Prison€Affairs,€and€the€Human€Rights€Office,€was€held€onÐ Ò("$% Ð9€September€2005.Ð Ì)%& ÐÌ19.€€Following€the€interventions€by€family€members€of€young€persons€killed€by€security€forces€and€theÐ À+'( Ðpresentations€made€by€Ô_ÔMarianoÔ_Ô€Ô_ÔCascallaresÔ_Ô,€Director€of€Ô_ÔDINAJUÔ_Ô,€Ô_ÔAlejandorÔ_Ô€Ô_ÔSlokarÔ_Ô,€Secretary€forÐ º, () ÐCriminal€Policy€and€Prison€Affairs,€and€Eduardo€Luis€Ô_ÔDuhaldeÔ_Ô,€Secretary€for€Human€Rights,€all€taking€partÐ ´-)* Ðin€the€event,€some€100€members€of€youth€organizations€and€officials€from€the€relevant€areas,€met€in€threeÐ ° Ðcommissions,€formulating€conclusions€that€included:Ð ªú ÐÌ(a)€€The€need€to€promote€suitable€education€for€police€officers,€including€general€education,€training€inÐ žî Ðtreaties,€laws,€specific€practical€training€and€precise€guidelines€via€the€chain€of€command€on€the€limits€ofÐ ˜è Ðtheir€authority€and€on€respect€for€human€rights€(disciplinary€rules);Ð ’ â ÐÌ(b)€€Information€on€the€rights€of€young€people€and€adolescents,€exploiting€the€potential€offered€by€theÐ † Ö Ðmedia;Ð € Ð ÐÌÔ_Ô(cÔ_Ô)€€Increasing€the€effectiveness€of€the€criminal€investigation€police;Ð tÄ  ÐÌ(d)€€Encouraging€mediation€as€an€alternative€system€for€conflict€resolution;Ð h¸  ÐÌ(e)€€Promoting€the€formulation€and€submission€of€general€reform€proposals€on€criminal€provisions,€Ô_ÔanalysingÔ_ÔÐ \¬  Ðand€reviewing€the€decriminalization€of€certain€types€of€conduct€and€de„emphasizing€arrest€as€a€response.Ð V¦ ÐÌ20.€€The€event€formed€part€of€efforts€by€Argentina€to€comply€with€the€judgement€of€the€Inter-AmericanÐ Jš ÐCourt€on€Human€Rights€in€the€case€of€Walter€Ô_ÔBulacioÔ_Ô,€the€aim€being€to€use€that€case€and€others€in€whichÐ D” Ðviolations€of€human€rights€have€been€perpetrated€by€the€security€forces€as€a€basis€for€discussion€of€policiesÐ >Ž Ðon€the€rights€of€young€people.Ð 8ˆ ÐÌ21.€€Regarding€care€for€imprisoned€persons,€the€Under„Secretaryððs€Office€for€Prison€Affairs€reports€thatÐ ,| Ðð ðhealth€checks€on€the€prison€population€in€establishments€of€the€Federal€Prison€Serviceðð€are€beingÐ &v Ðimplemented€in€full.€€The€Ô_ÔprogrammeÔ_Ô€is€aimed€at€undertaking€a€medical€examination€of€all€imprisonedÐ  p Ðpersons,€in€particular€those€whose€rights€are€most€ignored:€€women,€persons€with€psychiatric€disorders,Ð j Ðdrug€addicts,€young€adults€and€children€confined€with€their€mothers.€€At€the€same€time,€on€26€DecemberÐ d Ð2005€a€foetal€monitoring€team€visited€Prison€Unit€31€of€the€Federal€Prison€Service€to€examine€pregnantÐ ^ Ðwomen€held€in€jail€there€(25€out€of€a€total€of€232).€€The€examinations€were€requested€by€Stella€Ô_ÔMarisÔ_ÔÐ  X ÐMartinez,€Deputy€Ombudsman€of€Argentina,€in€response€to€a€request€from€women€imprisoned€in€that€unit.Ð !R ÐÌò òRecommendation€(l)ó óÐ ö"F ÐÌò òTake€appropriate€steps€to€guarantee€full€respect€for€the€dignity€and€human€rights€of€all€personsÐ ê$: ! Ðduring€body€searches,€in€full€compliance€with€international€standards.ó óÐ ä%4!" ÐÌ22.€€It€should€be€pointed€out€here€with€regard€to€the€procedure€for€body€searches€in€places€of€detention,Ð Ø'(#$ Ðin€the€provinces€and€in€cases€covered€by€the€Convention€against€Torture,€that€body€searches€andÐ Ò("$% Ðinspections€of€items€are€still€conducted€manually.Ð Ì)%& ÐÌ23.€€However,€with€regard€to€the€regulations€in€force€in€the€area€of€the€Federal€Prison€Service,€whichÐ À+'( Ðreports€to€the€Ministry€of€Justice€and€Human€Rights,€a€draft€revision€is€under€way€of€the€ð ðGuide€to€BodyÐ º, () ÐSearch€Proceduresðð,€decision€No.€42€of€15€March€1991,€issued€by€the€then€Under„Secretary€for€PrisonÐ ´-)* ÐAffairs;€the€new€regulations€will€reflect€the€revised€criteria€for€procedures€used€by€Spainððs€prison€securityÐ ° Ðjudges€approved€at€the€VIII€meeting€(Madrid,€November€1994),€item€D;€the€recommendations€made€byÐ ªú Ðthe€Inter„American€Commission€on€Human€Rights€in€its€report€No.€38/96€on€case€10,506,€dated€15Ð ¤ô ÐOctober€1996;€and€two€memorandums,€84/2000€from€the€Department€of€Prisons€and€109/01€from€theÐ žî ÐDepartment€of€Corrections,€which€lay€down€that€body€searches€must€be€external€and€respect€the€integrityÐ ˜è Ðof€the€prisoner.Ð ’ â ÐÌ24.€€It€should€be€noted€that€report€No.€38/96€of€the€Inter„American€Commission€on€Human€Rights€refersÐ † Ö Ðto€a€submission€made€by€the€mother€of€a€13„year„old€girl,€complaining€that€both€she€and€her€daughter€hadÐ € Ð Ðbeen€subjected€to€vaginal€examinations€when€going€to€a€federal€prison€to€visit€the€husband€of€theÐ z Ê  Ðcomplainant€and€father€of€the€child.Ð tÄ  ÐÌ25.€€The€Commission€found€the€case€admissible€and€concluded€that€ð ðthe€lawfulness€of€a€vaginal€search€orÐ h¸  Ðexamination,€in€a€particular€case,€must€meet€a€four„part€testðð,€namely:Ð b²  ÐÌ(a)€€It€must€be€absolutely€necessary€to€achieve€the€security€objective€in€the€particular€case;Ð V¦ ÐÌ(b)€There€must€not€exist€an€alternative€option;Ð Jš ÐÌÔ_Ô(cÔ_Ô)€€It€should€in€principle€be€determined€by€judicial€order;€andÐ >Ž ÐÌ(d)€€It€must€be€carried€out€solely€by€health€professionals.Ð 2‚ ÐÌ26.€€Since€in€this€specific€instance,€there€was€no€judicial€order,€and€no€adequate€medical€guarantees€hadÐ &v Ðbeen€provided,€the€Commission€concluded€that€the€€State€of€Argentina€had€violated€the€rights€of€bothÐ  p Ðmother€and€daughter,€guaranteed€in€articles€5,€11€and€17€of€the€American€Convention€on€€€Human€Rights,Ð j Ðin€relation€to€article€1.1,€which€requires€the€Argentine€State€to€respect€and€guarantee€the€full€and€freeÐ d Ðexercise€of€all€the€provisions€recognized€in€the€Convention.€€In€the€case€of€the€daughter,€the€CommissionÐ ^ Ðconcluded€that€the€State€of€Argentina€also€violated€article€19€of€the€Convention.Ð  X ÐÌ27.€€In€consequence,€it€recommended€that€the€State€should€ð ðadopt€the€necessary€legislation€in€order€toÐ ü!L Ðadjust€its€provisions€to€the€obligations€established€by€the€Convention€as€expressed€in€the€presentÐ ö"F Ðconclusions€and€recommendationsðð.Ð ð#@  ÐÌ28.€€The€authorities€responsible€for€prison€affairs€began€in€2000€with€a€proposal€to€implement€non„invasiveÐ ä%4!" Ðprocedures€in€prison€units€of€the€Federal€Prison€Service€but,€although€detectors€were€installed,€they€wereÐ Þ&."# Ðnever€put€into€operation,€which€gave€rise€to€various€recommendations€by€the€Office€of€the€GovernmentÐ Ø'(#$ ÐProcurator€for€the€Prison€System€following€complaints€by€prisoners,€family€members€and€close€relatives.Ð Ò("$% ÐÌ29.€€The€decision€taken€by€the€Under„Secretary€for€Prison€Affairs,€referred€to€previously,€was€in€the€finalÐ Æ*&' Ðrevision€stage€by€that€body€as€the€present€report€was€being€drafted€(2€January€2006),€after€which€it€wasÐ À+'( Ðto€be€forwarded€to€the€International€Ô_ÔCentreÔ_Ô€for€Prison€Studies€at€Kingððs€College,€London,€two€of€whoseÐ º, () Ðstaff€members,€Andrew€Ô_ÔCoyleÔ_Ô€and€James€Haines,€recently€undertook€a€cooperation€and€collaboration€visitÐ ´-)* Ðto€Argentina,€organized€jointly€by€the€Human€Rights€Office€and€the€British€Embassy€in€Buenos€Aires.Ð ° ÐÌò òRecommendation€(o)ó óÐ ¤ô ÐÌò òEstablish€national€prevention€machinery€with€authority€to€make€periodic€visits€to€federal€andÐ ˜è Ðprovincial€detention€Ô_ÔcentresÔ_Ô€for€the€purpose€of€fully€implementing€the€Optional€Protocol€to€theÐ ’ â ÐConvention.ó óÐ Œ Ü ÐÌ30.€€After€signing€the€Optional€Protocol€to€the€Convention€against€Torture€and€Other€Cruel,€Inhuman€orÐ € Ð ÐDegrading€Treatment€or€Punishment€on€15€November€2004,€and€depositing€the€associated€instruments,Ð z Ê  Ðthe€Human€Rights€Office€decided€to€begin€a€process€that€would€lead€to€its€effective€enforcement€byÐ tÄ  Ðestablishing€and€putting€into€effect€the€national€prevention€mechanism€foreseen€in€article€17€et€seq.Ð n¾  ÐÌ31.€€As€a€result,€a€working€group€from€the€Office€of€Crime€Policy€and€Prison€Affairs€drew€up€a€draft€decreeÐ b²  Ðregulating€Act€No.€25,932€ratifying€the€Optional€Protocol€to€the€Convention€against€Torture€and€OtherÐ \¬  ÐCruel,€Inhuman€or€Degrading€Treatment€or€Punishment,€the€object€of€which€is€to€establish€a€nationalÐ V¦ Ðprevention€mechanism€(a€copy€of€the€preliminary€draft€decree€is€appended€as€annex€6).€€The€work€wasÐ P  Ðcarried€out€with€the€assistance€of€a€legal€and€technical€team€drawn€from€both€offices.Ð Jš ÐÌ32.€€At€the€time€the€present€report€was€drawn€up,€the€question€was€under€consideration€by€the€Minister€ofÐ >Ž ÐJustice€and€Human€Rights.Ð 8ˆ ÐÌ33.€€In€addition€to€drawing€up€this€draft€decree,€visits€were€made€in€the€course€of€2005€to€different€prisonÐ ,| Ðunits€and€other€facilities€throughout€the€country€where€detainees€were€being€held.€€The€visits€were€made€byÐ &v Ðteams€from€the€Human€Rights€Office,€with€additional€members€from€social€and€human€rights€groups€onÐ  p Ðoccasion.€€On€these€visits,€the€mechanism€of€the€Optional€Protocol€was€used,€together€with€other€associatedÐ j Ðinstruments€such€as€the€Monitoring€Manual€for€Sanctioning€and€Preventing€Torture€drafted€by€theÐ d ÐAssociation€for€the€Prevention€of€Torture€(APT),€so€as€to€improve€the€use€of€visits€as€a€system€of€controlÐ ^ Ðwith€a€view€to€future€implementation€of€the€national€mechÔ_ÔanismÔ_Ô.€€Mention€may€be€made€of€inspections€atÐ  X Ðprisons€(Mendoza€Penitentiary,€Mendoza€Womenððs€Unit,€known€as€El€Ô_ÔBorbollð;ðnÔ_Ô,€General€Ô_ÔRocaÔ_Ô€RemandÐ !R ÐÔ_ÔCentreÔ_Ô€and€Ô_ÔViedmaÔ_Ô€No.€1€Penal€Establishment,€both€in€Ô_ÔRoÔ_Ô€Negro€province;€Unit€11€in€Ô_ÔNeuqunÔ_Ô;Ð ü!L ÐPenitentiary€Unit€No.€31€of€the€Penitentiary€Service€in€Buenos€Aires€province;€Villa€Ô_ÔUrquizaÔ_Ô€Prison€inÐ ö"F ÐTucumn€province;€the€federal€units€in€the€provinces€of€Ô_ÔRoÔ_Ô€Negro,€Ô_ÔNeuqunÔ_Ô,€Cð;ðrdoba,€and€the€FederalÐ ð#@  ÐCapital€and€Buenos€Aires€province);€various€psychiatric€Ô_ÔcentresÔ_Ô,€institutions,€and€homes€where€children€andÐ ê$: ! Ðadolescents€are€held.Ð ä%4!" ÐÌ34.€€Similarly,€as€part€of€outreach€work€in€connection€with€implementation€of€the€Optional€Protocol,€theÐ Ø'(#$ Ðfollowing€publicity€and€preparatory€work€may€be€mentioned:Ð Ò("$% ÐÌ(a)€€The€Human€Rights€Office,€together€with€Argentinaððs€Ô_ÔCentreÔ_Ô€for€Legal€and€Social€Studies€(Ô_ÔCELSÔ_Ô)€andÐ Æ*&' Ðthe€Association€for€the€Prevention€of€Torture€(Switzerland),€held€a€seminar€for€judges,€prosecutors€andÐ À+'( ÐÔ_ÔdefenceÔ_Ô€lawyers€on€the€prevention€and€punishment€of€torture.€€Discussions€were€held€on€the€ð ðCombatingÐ º, () ÐTortureðð€manual,€published€by€the€University€of€Essex,€United€Kingdom€(see€Ô_ÔprogrammeÔ_Ô€in€annex€7).€€TheÐ ´-)* Ðseminar€ran€from€26€to€28€April€2005,€with€the€inaugural€ceremony€being€held€in€the€main€lecture€Ô_ÔtheatreÔ_ÔÐ ° Ðof€the€Faculty€of€Law€of€the€National€University€of€Buenos€Aires,€with€the€panels€and€discussions€continuingÐ ªú Ðin€the€Ministry€of€Justice€and€Human€Rights.€€The€goal€of€the€seminar€was€to€make€available€to€judges€andÐ ¤ô Ðofficials€the€Essex€manual€as€a€major€tool€for€prevention,€detection,€follow„up€and€evaluation€forÐ žî Ðinvestigation€and€suitable€punishment€of€torture€cases,€and€an€exchange€of€practical€experience€and€existingÐ ˜è Ðregulations€among€the€various€experts.€€One€reason€why€the€event,€which€was€also€attended€byÐ ’ â Ðrepresentatives€from€both€outside€and€inside€the€country,€was€successful€was€because€it€could€be€repeatedÐ Œ Ü Ðin€various€provinces€of€Argentina,€depending€on€its€content,€a€goal€that€is€under€way€this€year;Ð † Ö ÐÌ(b)€€Through€a€delegation€made€up€of€officials€from€the€Ministry€of€Foreign€Relations,€International€TradeÐ z Ê  Ðand€Religious€Affairs,€the€Office€of€the€Government€Procurator€for€the€Prison€System,€and€the€HumanÐ tÄ  ÐRights€Office,€Argentina€took€part€as€a€federal€State€in€a€seminar€entitled€ð ðThe€Optional€Protocol€to€theÐ n¾  ÐUnited€Nations€Convention€against€Torture:€Implementation€in€federal€and€decentralized€Statesðð,€in€SaoÐ h¸  ÐPaulo,€Brazil,€from€22€to€24€June€2005.€€One€of€the€main€aims€of€the€seminar€was€to€consider€ways€andÐ b²  Ðmeans€of€implementation€for€federal€States€a€type€of€politico„institutional€organization€that€poses€particularÐ \¬  Ðproblems€of€implementation€given€the€autonomous€character€of€the€constituent€provinces€and€states.€€DuringÐ V¦ Ðthe€seminar,€the€Argentine€delegation€introduced€initiatives€and€made€proposals€for€defining€the€preliminaryÐ P  Ðdrafts€of€legislative€instruments€mentioned€earlier€and€methods€of€application€in€federal€States;Ð Jš ÐÌÔ_Ô(cÔ_Ô)€€A€similar€objective€„€discussions€on€the€implementation€of€the€Optional€Protocol€in€federal€States€„€wasÐ >Ž Ðthe€object€of€the€meeting€in€Mexico,€on€13€and€14€July€2005,€through€an€international€seminar€entitledÐ 8ˆ Ðð ðExchange€of€experience€on€implementation€of€the€Optional€ProtÔ_ÔocolÔ_Ô€to€the€Convention€against€Torture€inÐ 2‚ ÐMexicoðð,€organized€by€Mexicoððs€Ministry€of€Foreign€Affairs,€the€United€Nations€High€Commissioner€forÐ ,| ÐHuman€Rights€and€the€Association€for€the€Prevention€of€Torture.€€To€show€the€challenges€presented€byÐ &v Ðimplementation€of€the€Optional€Protocol€in€States€that€are€organized€along€federal€lines,€the€Under„Ð  p ÐSecretary€for€the€Promotion€and€Protection€of€Human€Rights,€Rodolfo€Ô_ÔMattarolloÔ_Ô,€outlined€the€case€ofÐ j ÐArgentina€(see€copy€of€his€speech€in€annex€8);Ð d ÐÌ(d)€€As€mentioned€above,€pursuant€to€an€agreement€with€the€United€Nations€Development€Ô_ÔProgrammeÔ_Ô,€theÐ  X ÐHuman€Rights€Office€has€set€up€the€first€observatory€for€human€rights€on€a€thematic€basis,€on€conditionsÐ !R Ðof€detention€in€places€of€confinement€in€Rio€Negro€province.€€In€a€public€presentation€on€26€August€2005Ð ü!L Ðin€the€city€of€General€Ô_ÔRocaÔ_Ô,€Rodolfo€Ô_ÔMattarolloÔ_Ô€publicized€the€aims€of€the€Optional€Protocol€as€well€as€theÐ ö"F Ðimportance€of€implementing€it€in€our€country.Ð ð#@  ÐÌAs€part€of€the€outreach€work€associated€with€publicizing€and€setting€up€the€Observatory,€workshopsÐ ä%4!" Ðentitled€ð ðVisits€to€places€of€confinement€as€a€method€of€preventing€tortureðð€were€held€in€the€cities€of€GeneralÐ Þ&."# ÐÔ_ÔRocaÔ_Ô,€Bariloche€and€Ô_ÔViedmaÔ_Ô.€€The€workshops,€arranged€by€experts€from€the€Human€Rights€Office,€wereÐ Ø'(#$ Ðattended€by€a€total€of€80€law€and€prison€officers,€members€of€social€bodies€and€religious€organizations,€asÐ Ò("$% Ðwell€as€family€members€of€imprisoned€persons.Ð Ì)%& ÐÌÓ  ÓÔCE.,US.,âWÔÐ  À+'( ÐÌò òÓ  ÓCAT,€CAT/C/Ô_ÔARGÔ_Ô/CO/4/Add.2€(2007)ó óÐ ªú ÐÌCONSIDERATION€OF€REPORTS€SUBMITTED€BY€STATES€PARTIES€UNDER€ARTICLE€19€OFÐ žî ÐTHE€CONVENTIONÐ ˜è ÐÌò òComments€submitted€by€the€Government€of€ARGENTINA€*€**€on€the€conclusions€andÐ Œ Ü Ðrecommendations€of€the€Committee€against€Torture€(CAT/C/CR/33/1)ó óÐ † Ö ÐÌ[22€October€2007]Ð z Ê  ÐÌò òRecommendation€(e)ó óÐ n¾  ÐÌòòò òOrganize€a€national€register€of€information€from€domestic€courts€on€cases€of€torture€andÐ b²  Ðill-treatment€in€the€State€partyó óóóÐ \¬  ÐÌ1.€€The€creation€of€a€national€register€or€database€is€one€of€the€measures€incorporated€into€draft€legislationÐ P  Ðadopted€by€Argentina€under€Act€No.€25,932€in€order€to€implement€the€national€preventive€mechanism€forÐ Jš Ðtorture€and€other€cruel,€inhuman€or€degrading€treatment€or€punishment€stipulated€in€the€Optional€ProtocolÐ D” Ðto€the€Convention€against€Torture€and€Other€Cruel,€Inhuman€or€Degrading€Treatment€or€Punishment.Ð >Ž ÐÌ2.€€As€part€of€the€obligations€of€the€national€preventive€mechanism,€the€proposed€legislation€provides€forÐ 2‚ Ðthe€creation€of€a€database€containing€statistical€data€on€incidents€of€torture€and€other€cruel,€inhuman€orÐ ,| Ðdegrading€treatment€or€punishment.Ð &v ÐÌ3.€€As€will€be€explained€fully€in€the€relevant€paragraph,€the€aforementioned€draft€is€currently€being€dealt€withÐ j Ðby€the€competent€bodies€of€the€National€Public€Administration€before€being€submitted€to€the€Congress€forÐ d Ðconsideration€and€adoption.€It€is€therefore€too€early€at€this€stage€to€be€able€to€determine€when€the€nationalÐ ^ Ðregister€will€be€ready€for€implementation.€Ð  X ÐÌ4.€€However,€it€is€worth€mentioning€that€in€mid„2006€this€Human€Rights€Office€prepared€a€questionnaireÐ ü!L Ðon€the€subject,€in€order€to€obtain€up„to„date€data€on€incidents€of€torture€and€ill-treatment€of€personsÐ ö"F Ðdeprived€of€their€liberty,€drawing€on€the€efforts€made€between€2001€and2004€(annex€1).Ð ð#@  ÐÌ5.€€The€questionnaire€was€sent€to€the€authorities€in€the€provinces€and€the€Autonomous€City€of€Buenos€AiresÐ ä%4!" Ðwith€jurisdiction€on€this€matter,€to€enable€the€federal€Government,€which€had€not€previously€had€a€databaseÐ Þ&."# Ðcontaining€statistical€data€on€such€offences€committed€nationwide,€to€fulfil€the€obligations€arising€from€theÐ Ø'(#$ Ðaforementioned€international€instrument.Ð Ò("$% ÐÌ6.€€This€tool€was€developed€with€the€support€of€the€Federal€Council€of€Human€Rights€(comprising€theÐ Æ*&' Ðprovincial€High€Authorities€and€the€Autonomous€City€of€Buenos€Aires€with€jurisdiction€on€this€issue,Ð À+'( Ðassisted€by€our€Office),€a€body€with€an€important€role€in€laying€a€common€foundation€for€public€policiesÐ º, () Ðconcerning€the€promotion€and€protection€of€human€rights.Ð ´-)* Ї7.€€However,€in€many€cases,€the€provinces€have€reported€difficulties€in€obtaining€the€required€informationÐ ° Ðin€their€respective€areas,€and€our€Office€continues€to€receive€replies€to€the€questionnaire€from€the€differentÐ ªú Ðprovinces.€It€has€therefore€still€not€been€possible€to€collect€all€the€data€required€to€carry€out€a€completeÐ ¤ô Ðquantitative€and€qualitative€examination€of€the€issue.Ð žî ÐÌ8.€€Nevertheless,€it€should€be€noted€that€the€province€of€Buenos€Aires€has€kept€a€register€of€criminal€casesÐ ’ â Ðof€torture€and€ill„treatment€since€2001,€administered€by€the€provinceððs€Department€of€Human€Rights,€PrisonÐ Œ Ü ÐPolicy€and€Complaints€of€the€Office€of€the€Procurator„General€in€the€Supreme€Court.€Until€2005,€theÐ † Ö Ðregister€used€to€include€offences€related€to€economic€crimes€affecting€the€public€interest€and€thoseÐ € Ð Ðcommitted€by€government€officials€in€the€exercise€of€their€duties.€Since€2005,€the€register€has€specificallyÐ z Ê  Ðcovered€only€torture€and€unlawful€coercion€offences.Ð tÄ  ÐÌò òRecommendation€(f)ó óÐ h¸  ÐÌòòò òTake€specific€steps€to€safeguard€the€physical€integrity€of€the€members€of€all€vulnerable€groups€ó óóóÐ \¬  Ðò òStatus€report€on€children€and€young€peopleó óÐ V¦ ÐÌ9.€€As€highlighted€in€previous€reports,€the€legal€framework€for€the€protection€of€the€rights€of€persons€underÐ Jš Ð18€years€of€age€was€established€through€Act€No.€26,061€on€the€ComprehensiveProtection€of€the€RightsÐ D” Ðof€Children€and€Young€Persons,€which€provides€a€general€outline€for€public€policy€planning€on€childhoodÐ >Ž Ðissues€(annex€2).Ð 8ˆ ÐÌ10.€€This€Act€abrogated€Act€No.€10,903€on€the€Child€Welfare€Agency,€recognized€that€all€persons€up€toÐ ,| Ðthe€age€of€18€are€subjects€of€rights€and€created€a€System€for€the€Comprehensive€Protection€of€Rights,Ð &v Ðthrough€which€the€administrative€or€judicial€institutions€are€equipped€with€mechanisms€that€will€be€activatedÐ  p Ðif€rights€of€children€and€young€people€are€violated€or€threatened.Ð j ÐÌ11.€€The€Act€also€regulates€the€protection€measures€that€aim€to€provide€comprehensive€protection€of€rightsÐ ^ Ðthrough€mechanisms€that€are€activated€should€the€rights€of€children€and€young€people€be€threatened€and/orÐ  X Ðviolated,€to€ensure€that€those€rights€are€fully,€effectively€and€permanently€exercised.Ð !R ÐÌ12.€€In€addition,€under€the€National€Executive,€the€Act€created€the€National€Secretariat€for€Children,€YoungÐ ö"F ÐPersons€and€the€Family€and€the€Federal€Council€for€Children,€Young€Persons€and€the€Family;€bothÐ ð#@  Ðinstitutions€are€operational.€Furthermore,€an€Ombudsman€for€the€Rights€of€Children€and€Young€PersonsÐ ê$: ! Ðis€provided€for€under€the€legislature.Ð ä%4!" ÐÌ13.€€In€2006,€decrees€Nos.€415€and€416€were€enacted,€regulating€various€provisions€contained€in€Act€No.Ð Ø'(#$ Ð26,061,€and€specifying€in€greater€detail€the€protection€for€those€in€this€vulnerable€group€(annex€3).Ð Ò("$% ÐÌ14.€€Meanwhile,€there€are€several€draft€parliamentary€bills€aimed€at€abolishing€the€current€criminal€regimeÐ Æ*&' Ðfor€juveniles€established€by€Act€No.€22,278€and€introducing€a€new€regime€tailored€to€the€principlesÐ À+'( Ðstemming€from€the€Convention€on€the€Rights€of€the€Child.€This€debate€coincides€with€significant€CourtÐ º, () Ðjudgements€calling€into€question€the€constitutionality€of€the€current€system.òò€1óóÐ ´-)* Ї15.€€Hence€there€is€increasing€agreement€on€the€need€for€a€new€regime€(the€first€step€being€the€adoptionÐ ° Ðof€the€law)€that€restricts€State€intervention€in€criminal€matters,€which€today€is€still€referred€to€in€terms€ofÐ ªú Ðòòguardianship€and€protectionóó.€The€introduction€of€a€new€regime€will€ensure€the€beginning€of€a€substantialÐ ¤ô Ðimprovement€in€the€legal€status€of€young€people€accused€of€breaking€the€law.Ð žî ÐÌ16.€€Additional€measures€implemented€at€institutional€level€have€led€to€action€being€taken€and€progressÐ ’ â Ðmade€with€respect€to€the€protection€of€the€rights€of€children€and€young€people.Ð Œ Ü ÐÌ17.€€The€Human€Rights€Office€has€also€performed€a€number€of€tasks€related€to€monitoring€of€theÐ € Ð Ðimplementation€of€the€Convention€on€the€Rights€of€the€Child€and€the€protection€of€those€rights,€in€someÐ z Ê  Ðcases€jointly€with€the€Federal€Human€Rights€Council.Ð tÄ  ÐÌ18.€€Special€mention€should€be€made€of€the€following€action€taken:Ð h¸  ÐÌà  à(a)€€The€drafting€of€bills€and€decrees,€as€well€as€the€provision€of€advice€on€human€rights€standardsÐ \¬  Ðto€legislators€and€government€bodies€at€both€national€and€provincial€level;€Ð V¦ ÐÌà  à(b)€€The€drafting€of€a€report€entitled€ð ðDeprived€of€liberty:€Status€of€children€and€young€people€inÐ Jš ÐArgentinaðð.€This€report€offers€a€clear€diagnosis€of€the€situation€with€respect€to€deprivation€of€liberty€and€anÐ D” Ðassessment€of€the€actual€status€of€the€issue€as€at€31€December€2005€(annex€4);Ð >Ž ÐÌà  àÔ_Ô(cÔ_Ô)€€The€strengthening€of€non„custodial€measures€and€those€for€children€deprived€of€or€lacking€inÐ 2‚ Ðparental€care.Ð ,| ÐÌ19.€€Our€Office€has€also€launched€a€new€initiative€on€data€collection,€since€the€aforementioned€report€onÐ  p Ðchildren€deprived€of€liberty€would€give€rise€to€195€non„custodial€schemes,€sometimes€known€asÐ j Ðð ðalternativeðð€or€ð ðsubstituteðð€programmes.€It€was€therefore€decided€to€seek€further€information€through€theÐ d ÐNational€Department€for€Direct€Assistance€to€Vulnerable€Persons€and€Groups,€which€comes€under€thisÐ ^ ÐOffice.€The€objectives€were:Ð  X ÐÌà  à(a)€€To€find€examples€of€existing€schemes€in€the€country€in€order€to€become€familiar€with€theÐ ü!L Ðapproach€and€methodology€used;Ð ö"F ÐÌà  à(b)€€To€encourage€forums€for€dialogue€with€the€provinces€to€review€progress€made€and€difficultiesÐ ê$: ! Ðencountered€in€implementing€programmes;Ð ä%4!" ÐÌà  àÔ_Ô(cÔ_Ô)€€To€follow€up€the€implementation€of€Act€No.€26,061€and€observe€its€impact€on€local€legislation,Ð Ø'(#$ Ðon€institutions€and€in€practice;Ð Ò("$% ÐÌà  à(d)€€To€publicize€relevant€experience;Ð Æ*&' ÐÌà  à(e)€€To€strengthen€non„custodial€measures€and€those€for€children€deprived€of€liberty€or€lacking€inÐ º, () Ðparental€care€and€in€conflict€with€the€law.Ð ´-)* Ї20.€€In€order€to€achieve€these€objectives,€data€collection€forms€were€designed€in€compliance€with€humanÐ ° Ðrights€standards,€both€for€the€schemes€dealing€with€criminal€matters€and€for€children€deprived€of€liberty€orÐ ªú Ðlacking€in€parental€care.€To€date,€information€has€been€obtained€from€several€provinces,€with€excellentÐ ¤ô Ðresults,€and€the€task€is€ongoing.€Ð žî ÐÌ21.€€A€report€entitled€ð ðMinimum€standards€of€human€rights€for€a€new€criminal€justice€law€for€juvenilesðð,Ð ’ â Ðpublished€in€May€2005€with€the€assistance€of€UNICEF,€is€being€updated.Ð Œ Ü ÐÌ22.€€Finally,€it€should€be€pointed€out€that,€apart€from€the€visits€our€Office€makes€to€detention€centres€forÐ € Ð Ðchildren€and€young€people€in€different€provinces€and€in€the€Autonomous€City€of€Buenos€Aires,€theÐ z Ê  ÐCommission€to€Monitor€the€Institutional€Treatment€of€Children€and€Young€Persons,€which€operates€underÐ tÄ  Ðthe€Office€of€the€Advocate„General€in€the€Public€Prosecutorððs€Office,€carries€out€significant€work,€makingÐ n¾  Ðperiodic€visits€to€the€various€internment€centres€under€federal€jurisdiction.€This€mechanism€for€periodic€visitsÐ h¸  Ðensures€that€the€rights€of€interned€children€and€young€people€are€respected€and€that€referrals,€complaintsÐ b²  Ðand€requests€for€reports€are€made€to€the€competent€bodies.Ð \¬  ÐÌò òRecommendation€(l)€ó óÐ P  ÐÌòòò òTake€appropriate€steps€to€guarantee€that€body€searches€respect€the€dignity€of€the€rights€of€allÐ D” Ðpersons€in€compliance€with€international€standards€ó óóóÐ >Ž ÐÌ23.€€The€additional€information€requested€by€the€Rapporteur€falls€under€the€substantive€competence€of€theÐ 2‚ Ðoffice€of€the€Under„Secretary€for€Prison€Affairs€in€the€Ministry€of€Justice€and€Human€Rights,€whichÐ ,| Ðtherefore€needed€to€be€consulted.€The€office€confirmed€that€bringing€domestic€regulations€into€line€withÐ &v Ðinternational€standards€with€regard€to€creating€registers€of€persons€in€federal€prison€establishments€has€notÐ  p Ðyet€been€finalized.Ð j ÐÌ24.€€The€office€pointed€out€that,€since€some€of€the€provisions€of€the€ð ðGuide€to€body€search€proceduresðð,Ð ^ Ðapproved€by€the€then€Under„Secretary€for€Justice€by€resolution€No.€42/91,€do€not€follow€the€guidelines,Ð  X Ðthe€current€Under„Secretary€intended€to€replace€it.€A€text€was€therefore€drafted,€in€consultation€with€StateÐ !R Ðagencies€and€non„governmental€organizations€specializing€in€the€area€of€respect€for€human€rights€in€prisonÐ ü!L Ðestablishments€in€Argentina,€which€was€forwarded€for€review€by€the€expert€Andrew€Ô_ÔCoyleÔ_Ô€of€theÐ ö"F ÐInternational€Centre€for€Prison€Studies€(Ô_ÔICPSÔ_Ô)€in€the€United€Kingdom.Ð ð#@  ÐÌ25.€€The€office€later€stated€that€the€guide€could€enter€into€force€once€domestic€requirements€had€been€metÐ ä%4!" Ðas€to€its€planned€relationship€to€other€rules,€while€clarifying€that€the€principles€set€out€in€the€guide€are€alreadyÐ Þ&."# Ðbeing€implemented€in€the€federal€prison€establishments,€on€specific€instructions€from€the€Under„SecretaryððsÐ Ø'(#$ Ðoffice.Ð Ò("$% ÐÌò òRecommendation€(o)€ó óÐ Æ*&' ÐÌòòò òEstablish€national€prevention€machinery€with€authority€to€make€periodic€visits€to€federal€andÐ º, () Ðprovincial€detention€centres€for€the€purpose€of€fully€implementing€the€Optional€Protocol€to€theÐ ´-)* ÐConventionó óóóÐ ° ÐÌ26.€€As€indicated€in€previous€paragraphs,€Argentina€does€not€yet€have€national€machinery€for€the€preventionÐ ¤ô Ðof€torture€and€other€cruel,€inhuman€or€degrading€treatment€with€the€powers€and€the€independence€stipulatedÐ žî Ðin€the€Protocol.Ð ˜è ÐÌ27.€€The€reason€is€that,€when€the€draft€decree€was€forwarded€for€consideration€to€the€relevant€governmentÐ Œ Ü Ðdepartments,€they€made€a€number€of€comments€relating€mainly€to€the€relationship€between€the€decree€andÐ † Ö Ðother€legislation.€The€objections€raised,€to€the€effect€that€the€national€prevention€machinery€should€beÐ € Ð Ðintroduced€through€the€adoption€of€a€law€by€the€National€Congress,€were€aimed€at€ensuring€that€theÐ z Ê  Ðmachinery€operated€in€the€most€efficient€and€effective€manner€and€that€the€organization€and€its€membersÐ tÄ  Ðenjoyed€independence€in€decision„making.Ð n¾  ÐÌ28.€€Accordingly,€this€Office€reformulated€the€draft€decree€to€allow€the€creation€under€national€law€of€anÐ b²  Ðorganization€with€legal€personality€and€economic€and€financial€autonomy€and€to€precisely€specify€its€sphereÐ \¬  Ðof€competence,€thus€ensuring€it€fully€exercises€the€functions€envisaged€in€the€Optional€Protocol.Ð V¦ ÐÌ29.€€A€series€of€meetings€were€held,€in€which€non„governmental€organizations€specializing€in€the€areaÐ Jš Ðparticipated€and€expressed€their€opinions€with€respect€to€the€proposed€measure,€leading€to€a€number€ofÐ D” Ðagreements€to€strengthen€public€participation€in€both€policy„making€and€decision-making.Ð >Ž ÐÌ30.€€Against€this€background,€in€2006€meetings€and€exchanges€took€place€with€various€governmental€andÐ 2‚ Ðnon„governmental€organizations€concerned€with€defending€the€rights€of€persons€deprived€of€liberty,€suchÐ ,| Ðas€representatives€from€the€Human€Rights€Office€of€the€province€of€Buenos€Aires€and€the€human€rightsÐ &v Ðoffices€of€the€provinces;€the€Committee€Against€Torture€of€the€Buenos€Aires€Provincial€MemoryÐ  p ÐCommission;€the€Centre€for€Legal€and€Social€Studies€(Ô_ÔCELSÔ_Ô);€the€Institute€for€Comparative€Studies€inÐ j ÐCriminal€and€Social€Sciences€(Ô_ÔINECIPÔ_Ô);€the€Ô_ÔXumekÔ_Ô€Association€of€Mendoza€province;€the€ArgentineÐ d ÐWomenððs€Group;€the€Pampas€Movement€for€Human€Rights;€the€Ô_ÔFundacið;ðnÔ_Ô€de€Ô_ÔDetenidosÔ_Ô€Ô_ÔSocialesÔ_ÔÐ ^ Ð(Ô_ÔFUNDESCOÔ_Ô);€and€the€International€Red€Cross.€Ð  X ÐÌ31.€€On€4€May€2007,€the€Federal€Council€of€Human€Rights€met€to€specifically€to€discuss€the€draft€law.€ThatÐ ü!L Ðmeeting€offered€a€further€opportunity€to€collate€important€opinions€and€information€on€shared€experienceÐ ö"F Ðthat€enhanced€the€draft€legislation.Ð ð#@  ÐÌ__________________________Ð ä%4!" ÐÌ*/€€The€annexes€to€the€present€report€may€be€consulted€in€the€secretariat€files.Ð Ø'(#$ ÐÌ**/€€In€accordance€with€the€information€transmitted€to€States€parties€regarding€the€processing€of€theirÐ Ì)%& Ðreports,€the€present€document€was€not€formally€edited€before€being€sent€to€the€United€Nations€translationÐ Æ*&' Ðservices.Ð À+'( ÐÌ1/€€€Among€such€judgements€are:€Daniel€Enrique€Ô_ÔMaldonadoÔ_Ô€et€al./aggravated€armed€robbery€together€withÐ ´-)* Ðaggravated€homicide€-€Case€N+€1174C-€Ô_ÔCSJNÔ_Ô-€handed€down€on€7€December€2005,€and€Ô_ÔG.F.DÔ_Ô€etÐ ° Ðal./case€file€of€6€December€2006,€Federal€National€Criminal€and€Correctional€Chamber,€1st€Chamber.€Ð ªú ÐÌÓfÙÓ