WPC[0 `e-gՄ F Kd!I62ggfUN@Vζ$D4C>Q%m ,b%-%[?O44~f Tly LG!`qSnث _ `[t`^}%gԞJ,GqK5x9j,\sm9 j_s9A1]3.!zlsm`eE┓H{ߍ0J+08)y/L>ui>a:+I#UN %  0: 0M 0A 02 0 0 0 0 0 0 0u 0W 06 0 0 0 0 0d 01 0 0 0 0 0m 0B 0 0 0 00x 0< 0 0> 0v 0`V! 0`! 0`" 0`v" 0`" 086# 0n# 02@$ 0r$ 0:n% 0Y% 0_& 0 `& 0jj' 0( B*X* D/* D+* 0* D/`, 0, 06]- 0- 0:. 0^. 0<3/U6o/U>/U*/^ 0w04010@0 mB0NY0HP LaserJet 4000 Series PS0(9 Z6Times New Roman RegularX($USUS.,2J+M 0_level1  X 2( ` hp x 223  ..  5+ ` hp x 5  2G+M 0_level2   /%` ` hp x /23  ..  5+ ` hp x 5  2D+M 0_level3   ," hp x ,23  ..  5+ ` hp x 5  2A+M 0_level4  ` ) hp x )23  ..  5+ ` hp x 5  2>+M 0_level5   &hhp x &23  ..  5+ ` hp x 5  2;+M 0_level6   #p x #23  ..  5+ ` hp x 5  28+M 0_level7  h  p x 23  ..  5+ ` hp x 5  25+M 0_level8   pp x 23  ..  5+ ` hp x 5  22+M 0_level9    x 23  ..  5+ ` hp x 5  2JM 0_levsl1  X 2( ` hp x 223  Ԁ  5+ ` hp x 5  2GM 0_levsl2   /%` ` hp x /23  Ԁ  5+ ` hp x 5  2DM 0_levsl3   ," hp x ,23  Ԁ  5+ ` hp x 5  2AM 0_levsl4  ` ) hp x )23  Ԁ  5+ ` hp x 5  2>M 0_levsl5   &hhp x &23  Ԁ  5+ ` hp x 5  2;M 0_levsl6   #p x #23  Ԁ  5+ ` hp x 5  28M 0_levsl7  h  p x 23  Ԁ  5+ ` hp x 5  25M 0_levsl8   pp x 23  Ԁ  5+ ` hp x 5  22M 0_levsl9    x 23  Ԁ  5+ ` hp x 5  2JM 0_levnl1  X 2( ` hp x 223   5+ ` hp x 5  2GM 0_levnl2   /%` ` hp x /23   5+ ` hp x 5  2DM 0_levnl3   ," hp x ,23   5+ ` hp x 5  2AM 0_levnl4  ` ) hp x )23   5+ ` hp x 5  2>M 0_levnl5   &hhp x &23   5+ ` hp x 5  2;M 0_levnl6   #p x #23   5+ ` hp x 5  28M 0_levnl7  h  p x 23   5+ ` hp x 5  25M 0_levnl8   pp x 23   5+ ` hp x 5  22M 0_levnl9    x 23   5+ ` hp x 5  0.Normal<:Definition T<AA:Definition L , 5+ ` hp x 5  5+ ` hp x 586Definition(''&H1      XXX(&H2  XXX(&H3  XXX(&H4 XXX XXX(&H5  XXX(&H6  XXX20Address8MM6Blockquote , , 5+ ` hp x 5   5+ ` hp x 5,*CITE,dl*CODEK?<6X9`(Courier NewKXXXS@\  `&Times New RomanS42Emphasis64Hyperlink    <:FollowedHype    4go2Keyboard K?<6X9`(Courier NewK XXXS@\  `&Times New RomanS<:Preformatted/%  ,Kk %#/K?<6X9`(Courier NewKXXXS@\  `&Times New RomanS/%  ,Kk %#/<:zBottom of 75(X7  ?A%2A`Arial?76(X7  XXXS@\  `&Times New RomanS&  d d4)1dxd'dxd<:zTop of For78(X7  ?A%2A`Arial?76(X7  XXXS@\  `&Times New RomanS4)2dxd0KS.SampleK?<6X9`(Courier NewKS@\  `&Times New RomanS0.Strong 8dl6TypewriterK?<6X9`(Courier NewKXXXS@\  `&Times New RomanS42Variable: 8HTML MarkupB      2 0CommentB  <6X9`(Courier New\  `&Times New Roman%2A`Arial \, ha+3|xU !USUS.,  _SS S   ?XXBURUNDI #XnX?# S { UKUS.,  _CEDAW_ԀA/56/38 (PartI)_(2001) _ 9    `  32.TheCommitteeconsideredtheinitialreportofBurundi(_CEDAW_/C/_BDI_/1)atits488th,489th o  and496thmeetings,on17and23January2001(see_CEDAW_/C/SR.488,489and496). 7     `     h      p (a)IntroductionbytheStateparty m  33.Inintroducingthereport,therepresentativeofBurundiinformedtheCommitteethatthe   _socio_-politicalcrisisof1993andtheeconomicembargoimposedbyBurundi'sneighbouring k  countriesin1996hadseverelyimpedednationaldevelopmentandhadinparticularaffectedthe 3  situationofwomen.Afifthofthepopulationlivedbelowthepovertylevel,includingmanywomen K  headsofhouseholdwhotookcareofalargenumberoforphans.   34.TherepresentativereiteratedtheGovernment'sfirmcommitmenttotheConvention,whichwas I exemplifiedbythepreparationoftheinitialreport,despitethecontinuing_socio_-politicalcrisisin  thecountry.TheGovernmentofBurundihadadoptedcertainmeasurestoensuretheadvancement  ofwomenbyguaranteeingtheirfundamentalfreedomsandindividualrightsbasedonequality.The Q Governmentalsoencouragedtheestablishmentofwomen'sassociationsanddevelopmentprojects i forwomen.TheMinistryofSocialActionandtheAdvancementofWomenandtheMinistryof 1 HumanRights,InstitutionalReformsandRelationswiththeNationalAssemblyhadbeenentrusted  withtheimplementationoftheConvention. q 35.SincetheratificationoftheConventionin1991,theGovernmenthadadoptedtwodecreelaws  tochangethelegalsituationofwomen.Thedecreelawadoptedin1993reformedtheCodeofthe o PersonandtheFamilyandcontainedanumberofmeasureseliminatingdiscriminationagainst 7 women,includingtheabolitionofpolygamyandunilateralrepudiationofmarriage,andintroducing O legaldivorceandregulationofageatmarriage.Anotherdecreelawin1993revisedtheLabourCode  andwasaimedatachievingsocialandeconomicjustice.ChapterVoftheCodeaddressedwomen  andlabour,includingwomen'srightsduringpregnancyandmaternity. W  36.TherepresentativestatedthattheTransitionalConstitutionendorsedrespectfortherightsand "  obligationsproclaimedandguaranteedbytheUniversalDeclarationofHumanRightsandother U#! relevantregionalandnationallegalinstruments.Notably,theTransitionalConstitutiondeclaredthat $m" allpersonswereequalbeforethelaw,withoutdistinctionastosex,origin,ethnicgroup,religionor $5 # opinion. % $ 37.Inthefieldofeducation,therepresentativedeploredthehighdrop-outrateofgirlsinthe '3#& transitionfromprimarytosecondaryeducation,whichhadbeenaccessibletoonly10percentof (#' children.Thepracticeofgivingpreferentialtreatmenttogirlswithlowergradesthanboysin s)$( admissiontothesecondarylevel,introducedinthe1970s,hadbeenstoppedowingtoaconcernthat ;*%) itwouldfosteraninferioritycomplexamongfemalestudents.TheGovernmentwasawarethatother +S&* correctivemeasuresneededtobetakeninregionswithlowlevelsofschooling,suchaspublic +'+ awarenesscampaigns,incentivesandcoerciontowardsparents.Shestatedthat,untilrecently,agirl ,', wouldbeexpelledfromschoolifshewerepregnant.Suchgirlswerenowabletoresumetheir [-(- educationinanotherinstitutionafterthebirthoftheirchildren.  38.TherepresentativeinformedtheCommitteethattherewasapaucityofhealthcare,particularly 6 intheruralareas.Morethan66percentofmedicalpersonnelremainedconcentratedinurbanareas,  whereonly4percentofthepopulationlived.Ruralwomen,alreadyburdenedwithanexcessive v domesticworkload,hadtotravellongdistancestoreceivebasicsocialservices.Forthatreason,80 >  percentofwomengavebirthathome,oftenunderprecarioussanitaryconditions,andthematernal  V mortalityratewas826per100,000livebirths.TheGovernmenthadtriedtoredeploymedical   personneltotheruralareasandtosetupapublicmedicalsystem.However,thetaskwasimmense   andmuchmoreneededtobedone,particularlysince30percentofthehealth-careinfrastructure ^   hadbeendestroyedorimpairedduringthecrisis.AssistedbytheUnitedNationsPopulationFund, & v  theGovernmenthadlaunchedprogrammesonreproductivehealthforruralwomen.  >  39.Becausethemajorityofwomenlivedinruralareas,theirlivelihoodwasbasedonagricultural $t  products.TheGovernmenthadmadegreateffortstoaddresstheirsituationsince,economically, <  ruralwomendependedtotallyonmalefamilymembersandhadnoinheritancerightsandno   economiccontroloverthegoodstheyproduced.TheGovernmentpromotedanti-poverty |  programmesthroughincome-generatingactivitiescarriedoutbywomen'sassociations.Since1996, D theMinistryofSocialActionandtheAdvancementofWomenhadestablishedfamilydevelopment  \ centresalloverthecountrytoassistwomeninmanagingtheirownincome. $ 40.Therepresentativeobservedthat,throughthecreationoftheUnionofBurundiWomen,women  Z hadbecomeawareoftheimportantroletheycouldplayinallspheresofsociety.However, " traditionalattitudesstillprevailedandveryfewwomenoccupieddecision-makingpositionsinthe  NationalAssembly,judiciary,publicadministration,orpublicorprivateinstitutions. b 41.TherepresentativeinformedtheCommitteethatthecurrentcrisis,extremepovertyandcrowded  livingconditionsincampshadgivenrisetoprostitution.TheGovernmenthadadoptedlegal ` measurestopunishtraffickingofwomen,exploitationofprostitution,violationofpublicdecency (x andrape. @ 42.Womenhadplayedakeyroleinthepeaceprocess.Fromtheoutset,womenhadorganizedand & v gainedobserverstatusatthepeacenegotiations.The_Arusha_ԀAccordsformedthebasisforbuilding  >  lastingpeaceandgrantedequalstatustowomenandmen,inaccordancewiththeConvention.The !! Accordsrecognizedtheroleofwomeninreconstructionandrehabilitation,andsuggestedthe ~"" inclusionofwomeninallmanagementstructuresrelatedtoreconstruction,themobilizationof F## womenaspeacemediatorsfornationalreconciliation,theadoptionoflawsoninheritancerightsof $^$ womenandtherebuildingofhousesforhomelesswomen.Reintegrationorpost-traumacounselling $& % forwomenvictimsofviolenceorthoseforcedintomarriagewasalsoconsiderednecessary. % & (b)ConcludingcommentsoftheCommittee '$#( Introduction  *Z%* 43.TheCommitteecommendstheGovernmentofBurundiforratifyingtheConventionwithout @,', reservationsin1991andforpreparingandpresentingitsinitialreportinatimeof_socio_-political -X(- crisis,civilunrestandeconomichardship.ItwelcomestheGovernment'seffortstocomplywiththe - ). Committee'sreportingguidelines.  44.TheCommitteecommendstheGovernmentforsendingahigh-leveldelegationheadedbythe 6 MinisterontheStatusofWomen.Itappreciatesthefranknesswithwhichthereportwasprepared  anditssincerepresentationbytheStateparty,whichallowedtheCommitteetoengageina v constructivedialogue. >     `    Positiveaspects t  45.TheCommitteewelcomestheStateparty'seffortstoimplementtheConventiondespitethe    difficult_socio_-politicalandeconomicsituation.Inparticular,theCommitteewelcomesthecreation r  ofanationalplanofactioninfollow-uptotheFourthWorldConferenceonWomen,whichis :  testimonytotheimportancegiventotheadvancementofwomen. R  46.TheCommitteewelcomestheestablishmentoftheMinistryofSocialActionandthe 8  AdvancementofWomenandtheMinistryofHumanRights,InstitutionalReformsandRelations P withtheNationalAssembly,whicharejointlyresponsiblefortheimplementationoftheConvention.  47.TheCommitteecommendstheGovernmentforthelegalreformsintroducedsincetheratification N oftheConventionin1991,inparticularthereformoftheCodeofthePersonandtheFamilyandthe  LabourCode.    FactorsanddifficultiesaffectingtheimplementationoftheConvention  48.TheCommitteerecognizesthatthecivilwarandtheeconomiccrisisinBurundiposeserious J challengestothefullimplementationoftheConvention.Italsonotesthatdeep-seatedprejudiceand  stereotypicalperceptionsoftheroleofwomenandsomecustomaryandtraditionalpracticespose  significantobstaclestoimplementation. R Principalareasofconcernandrecommendations   49.TheCommitteeconsiderstheabsenceofpeacetobethemostseriousobstacletothefull " implementationoftheConvention.Italsoexpressesitsconcernaboutthenumberofwomenwho #  havebeenaffectedbyviolenceduringconflict. N$! 50.TheCommitteerecommendsthat,intheimplementationofthe_Arusha_ԀAccordsandin &!# accordancewiththoseAccords,emphasisbeplacedontheroleofwomeninreconstructionandthat L'"$ theaccelerationofwomen'sequalitybeintegratedinallitsaspects.Iturgesthatspecialeffortsbe (d#% madetoincludewomeninnationalreconciliationandpeace-buildinginitiatives.Itrecommendsthat (,$& theGovernmentencouragewomenfromallethnicgroupsandwomenwhoarevictimsofviolence )$' andarmedconflicttobecomeadvocatesforpeace. l*%( 51.TheCommitteerecommendsthat,whenintroducingquotasforethnicgroups,theGovernment ,'* alsoconsiderintroducingmeasures,aspermittedunderarticle4,paragraph1,oftheConventionand j-(+ outlinedintheCommittee'sgeneralrecommendation23onwomeninpubliclife,toincreasethe  participationofwomenindecision-makingatalllevels.Itemphasizestheimportanceofstrict x adherencetoprinciplesofgenderequalityinallreconstructionefforts. @ 52.TheCommitteeexpressesitsconcernaboutthesituationofdisplacedwomenandgirlsandtheir v livingconditions,includingthoseinrefugeecamps. >  53.TheCommitteerecommendsthattheGovernmentgivegreaterassistancetorefugeeand t  displacedwomenandgirlsandcarryoutrehabilitativeeffortsdirectedatsuchwomenandgirls.It <  stressestheimportanceof_mainstreaming_Ԁagenderperspectiveinallpoliciesandprogrammesof  T  nationalandinternationalassistancefordisplacedpeople.    54.TheCommitteealsorecommendstheprovisionofpost-traumacounselling,asstipulatedinthe R  _Arusha_ԀAccords,forwomenwhoarevictimsofgender-basedviolence.ItcallsupontheGovernment   toensurethatrelevantpersonnelaretrainedtogivesuchassistance.   55.TheCommitteenoteswithconcerntheexistenceoflegislativeprovisionsthatdiscriminate  againstwomen.Italsoexpressesitsconcernattheexistinggapbetweendejureanddefacto  equality. X 56.TheCommitteerecommendsthattheStatepartytakestepstobringdiscriminatorylegislative  provisionsfrom,interalia,theCodeofthePersonandtheFamilyandthePenalCodeintolinewith V theConvention.Itrecommendsreviewofprovisionsthatpredicatedifferentialagesofmarriagefor n women(article88oftheCodeofthePersonandtheFamily),indicatethatthemanisheadofthe 6 household(article122oftheCodeofthePersonandtheFamily)andestablishdiscriminatory  provisionswithregardtoadultery(article3ofthePenalCode).Inaddition,theCommittee v encouragestheGovernmenttoensuretheimplementationoflawsandpoliciesthatprovideforde > jureequalityandseektoeliminatediscriminationagainstwomen.Itrecommendsthatthe V Governmentensurethatthosechargedwithresponsibilityfortheimplementationoflawsand  policiesbemadefullyawareoftheircontentsandthatpubliceducationandlegalliteracycampaigns  beputinplacetoensurewideknowledgeoflawandpolicyreform. ^ 57.TheCommitteeexpressesitsconcernaboutthehighprevalenceofilliteracyamongwomenand !  thelowlevelofschoolingofgirls,especiallyinruralareas.Itnotesthateducationisakeytothe \"! empowermentofwomen,andlowlevelsofeducationofwomenremainoneofthemostserious $#t" impedimentstonationaldevelopment. #<# 58.TheCommitteeurgestheGovernmenttocontinueitseffortstoimprovetheaccessofgirlstoall "&r!% levelsofeducationandtopreventtheirdroppingoutofschool.ItencouragestheGovernmentto &:"& introducecorrectivemeasuresthataddressallstakeholdersinvolved,includingincentivesfor '#' parents,andtoconsiderrequestinginternationalassistancetoimprovewomen'sandgirls'education. z(#( 59.TheCommitteeisalarmedbytheincreasingrateofHIV/AIDS,whichhaserodedearliergains *&* inthecountry.Itexpressesitsconcernabouttheabsenceoffacilitiesforthecareofthoseinfected x+&+ andaffected. @,',  [-(- 60.TheCommitteeurgestheGovernmenttotakeamultifacetedandholisticapproachto_combating_  theHIV/AIDSpandemic,onewhichnotonlyincorporatesbroad-basededucationalstrategiesbut x alsoincludespracticalpreventionefforts,suchasincreasedaccesstobothmaleandfemale @ condoms.ItencouragestheGovernmenttoconsiderrequestinginternationalassistanceforthis X purpose.TheCommitteeunderlinesthefactthatthecollectionofreliabledataontheincidenceof   HIV/AIDSiscriticaltogaininganunderstandingofthepandemicandtoinformingpoliciesand  programmes. `  61.TheCommitteeexpressesitsconcernaboutthehighrateofmaternalmortality,especiallyin   ruralareas,includingdeathsasaresultofillegalabortions. ^   62.TheCommitteerecommendsthattheStatepartymakeeveryefforttoincreaseaccessto   health-carefacilitiesandmedicalassistancebytrainedpersonnelinallareas,includingruralareas, \  soastoincrease,inparticular,thenumberofbirthsassistedbyqualifiedpersonnel.Itrecommends $t  theintroductionofeffectivemeasures,suchassexeducationandinformationcampaignsandthe <  provisionofeffectivecontraception,toreducethenumberofclandestineabortions.TheCommittee   emphasizesthatabortionshouldnotbeusedasamethodoffamilyplanning. |  63.TheCommitteeexpressesitsconcernaboutthepersistenceofstereotypesthatconfinewomen  andgirlstotraditionalroles. z 64.TheCommitteeinvitestheGovernmenttotakeconcretesteps,includingsector-specificand  generalawarenesscampaigns,toeliminatedeep-rootedprejudiceandstereotypesinordertoachieve x defactoequality. @ 65.TheCommitteeencouragestheGovernmenttoconsiderratificationoftheOptionalProtocolto v theConventionandacceptanceoftheamendmenttoarticle20,paragraph1,oftheConvention, > concerningthemeetingtimeoftheCommittee. V 66.TheCommitteeurgestheGovernmenttorespondinitsnextperiodicreporttothespecificissues < raisedinthepresentconcludingcomments.ItalsourgestheGovernmenttoimprovethecollection  T andanalysisofstatisticaldata,_disaggegrated_Ԁbygenderandage,andtosubmitsuchdatatothe   Committeeinitsnextreport. !  67.TheCommitteerequeststhatthetextofthepresentconcludingcommentsbewidely #" disseminatedinBurundisoastoinformthepublic,inparticularadministrators,officialsand $# politicians,ofthemeasurestakentoguaranteeequalitydejureanddefactobetweenmenand Z% $ womenandofthefurthermeasurestobeadoptedinthatarea.TheCommitteeurgestheGovernment "&r!% tocontinuetogivebroadpublicitytotheConventionanditsOptionalProtocol,thegeneral &:"& recommendationsoftheCommittee,theBeijingDeclarationandPlatformforActionandtheresults '#' ofthetwenty-thirdspecialsessionoftheGeneralAssembly,entitled"Women2000:genderequality, z(#( developmentandpeaceforthetwenty-firstcentury",particularlyamongwomen'sassociationsand B)$) humanrightsorganizations.US.,UK., S__