WPC03 L_{;Y^k+ﳏK)2+_"Kp|O~cu˙࢙cѿ&8k4UeGl[d{_*]-'uDG&z ϖi(G*H pi֔em-8F$ׄ?i aeOͤ_u]or@bv1'!DC<)/Dpt1ɟ9@iD"Fq(G; 0 0 0 0 0! 0" 0a# 0$ 02$ 0% 0:& 0YU& 0_& 0  ' 0( 0) B*+ D/+ D++ 0#,U6). D/_. 0. 06\/ 0/ 0:0 0^0 0<21 1en1U>1U*222 1u;2 722^ 2w24233 m3N.3HP LaserJet 4P,,,,,,0(@ Z6Times New Roman RegularX(\$CEUS.,*+ (_2623  ..*G+G (_25   /%` ` hp x /23  ../%` ` hp x /   *8+8 (_24  ," hp x ,23  ..," hp x ,  *5+5 (_23 ` ) hp x )23  ..) hp x ) ` *2+2 (_22  &hhp x &23  ..&hhp x &  */+/ (_21  #p x #23  ..#p x #  *,+, (_20 h  p x 23  .. p x h *)+) (_19  pp x 23  ..pp x   *&+& (_18   x 23  .. x   *AA (_17  5+ ` hp x 523  Ԁ5+ ` hp x 5  *GG (_16   /%` ` hp x /23  Ԁ/%` ` hp x /   *88 (_15  ," hp x ,23  Ԁ," hp x ,  *55 (_14 ` ) hp x )23  Ԁ) hp x ) ` *22 (_13  &hhp x &23  Ԁ&hhp x &  *// (_12  #p x #23  Ԁ#p x #  *,, (_11 h  p x 23  Ԁ p x h *)) (_10  pp x 23  Ԁpp x   (&& &_9   x 23  Ԁ x   (AA &_8  5+ ` hp x 523  5+ ` hp x 5  (GG &_7   /%` ` hp x /23  /%` ` hp x /   (88 &_6  ," hp x ,23  ," hp x ,  (55 &_5 ` ) hp x )23  ) hp x ) ` (22 &_4  &hhp x &23  &hhp x &  (// &_3  #p x #23  #p x #  (,, &_2 h  p x 23   p x h ()) &_1  pp x 23  pp x   &&& $_   x 23   x   0AA.Normal  5+ ` hp x 55+ ` hp x 5  <AA:Definition T  5+ ` hp x 55+ ` hp x 5  <AA:Definition L , 5+ ` hp x 5  5+ ` hp x 586Definition(hh&H1  5+ ` hp x 5      5+ ` hp x 5  (]]&H2  5+ ` hp x 5  5+ ` hp x 5  (]]&H3  5+ ` hp x 5  5+ ` hp x 5  (]]&H4  5+ ` hp x 5 XXX 5+ ` hp x 5  (]]&H5  5+ ` hp x 5  5+ ` hp x 5  (]]&H6  5+ ` hp x 5  5+ ` hp x 5  2DD0Address  5+ ` hp x 55+ ` hp x 5  8MM6Blockquote , , 5+ ` hp x 5   5+ ` hp x 5,*CITE,dl*CODEK8<6X9`(Courier NewKSA\  `&Times New RomanS42Emphasis64Hyperlink    <:FollowedHype    4go2Keyboard K8<6X9`(Courier NewKSA\  `&Times New RomanS <:Preformatted  /%  ,Kk %#/K8<6X9`(Courier NewKSA\  `&Times New RomanS/%  ,Kk %#/  <:zBottom of 75(X7    5+ ` hp x 5?B%2A`Arial?  SA\  `&Times New RomanS76(X75+ ` hp x 5  &  d d4)1dxd'dxd<:zTop of For79(X7    5+ ` hp x 5?B%2A`Arial?  SA\  `&Times New RomanS76(X75+ ` hp x 5  <6X9`(Courier New4)2dxd0KS.SampleK8<6X9`(Courier NewKSA\  `&Times New RomanS0.Strong 8dl6TypewriterK8<6X9`(Courier NewKSA\  `&Times New RomanS42Variable: 8HTML MarkupB      2 0CommentB   35;AGMSY_11.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.\  `&Times New Roman%2A`Arial3#37=CIQYag1.a.i.(1)(a)(i)1)a)Ei)0 N~0:i+003|xU \!CEUS.,  _NXX     CAMBODIA #XZXN=#  k CATA/58/44(2003)   AXZXXXZ93.  TheCommitteeconsideredtheinitialreportofCambodia(CAT/C/21/Add.5)at t  its548thmeeting(CAT/C/SR.548),on29April2003,andadoptedthefollowingprovisional `  conclusionsandrecommendations._i_ L  A.Introduction $ t  94.  TheCommitteewelcomestheinitialreportofCambodiaandnotesthatitgenerallyconforms L  totheCommitteesreportingguidelines.Itregrets,however,thenineyeardelayinitssubmission 8  andthepaucityofinformationonthepracticalenjoymentinCambodiaoftherightsenshrinedinthe $  Convention.   95.  TheCommitteeregretstheabsenceofadelegationfromtheStatepartyabletoenterintoa  dialoguewithit,andnotesthattheexaminationofthereporttookplaceinaccordancewithrule66,  paragraph2(b),ofitsrulesofprocedure.TheCommitteelooksforwardtoreceivingwritten p responsestothequestionsandcommentsofitsmembersandurgestheStateparty,inthefuture,to \ complyfullywithitsobligationsunderarticle19oftheConvention. H B.Positiveaspects  p 96.  TheCommitteewelcomesthefollowing: H (a)  TheStatepartysexpressionofwillingnesstocontinueundertakinglegalreformsinorder   tofulfilitsinternationalobligationsinthefieldofhumanrights;   (b)  TheStatepartyscooperationwithUnitedNationsagenciesandmechanismsinthefieldof  humanrights.Inthisregard,theCommitteewelcomesthecooperationwiththeUnitedNations   humanrightsfieldpresenceinthecountryandthetrainingandeducationalactivitiesonhumanrights l! providedbyinternationalorganizationstolawenforcementpersonnel,aswellasthepositiverole X"  playedby_NGOs_Ԁinthisregard. D#! C.FactorsanddifficultiesimpedingtheapplicationoftheConvention %l # 97.  TheCommitteeacknowledgesthedifficultiesencounteredbyCambodiaduringitspolitical &D"% andeconomictransition,includinglackofjudicialinfrastructureandbudgetaryconstraints. '0#& D.Subjectsofconcern )%( 98.  TheCommitteeisconcernedaboutthefollowing: +&* (a)  Thenumerous,ongoingandconsistentallegationsofactsoftortureandothercruel,inhuman h-(, _ordegradingtreatmentorpunishmentcommittedbylawenforcementpersonnelinpolicestations  andprisons;  (b)  Allegationsregardingtheexpulsionofforeignersthatseemtohaveoccurredwithouttaking t intoconsiderationthesafeguardscontainedinarticle3oftheConventionand,inparticular,the ` situationoflargenumbersofMontagnardasylumseekersintheCambodian-Vietnameseborderarea; L  (c)  Theabsenceinthedomesticpenallawofaclearprohibitionoftorture,althoughthe $ t CommitteenotestheStatepartysindicationthatitprohibitstortureandhasadoptedthedefinition  ` oftorturecontainedintheConvention;  L  (d)  Impunityforpastandpresentviolationsofhumanrightscommittedbylawenforcement $  officialsandmembersofthearmedforcesand,inparticular,thefailureoftheStatepartyto   investigateactsoftortureandothercruel,inhumanordegradingtreatmentorpunishmentandto   punishtheperpetrators;   (e)  Theallegationsofwidespreadcorruptionamongstpublicofficialsinthecriminaljustice p system; \ (f)  Theabsenceofanindependentbodycompetenttodealwithcomplaintsagainstthepolice; 4 (g)  Theineffectivefunctioningofthecriminaljusticesystem,inparticularthelackof  \ independenceofthejudiciaryaswellasitsinefficiency; H (h)  Theimportancegiventoconfessionsincriminalproceedingsandtherelianceofthepolice   andthejudiciaryonconfessionstosecureconvictions;   (i)  Theunwarrantedprotractionofthepretrialdetentionperiodduringwhichdetaineesaremore  likelytobesubjectedtotortureandotherilltreatment;  (j)  Theuseofincommunicadodetentionfor48hours,atleast,beforeapersonisbroughtbefore X  ajudge,duringwhichthedetaineehasnoaccesstolegalcounselortohis/herrelatives. D! Furthermore,recentlegalamendmentsallowthepolicetoextendthisperiod; 0"  (k)  Thelackofaccessbydetaineesingeneraltolegalcounselandamedicaldoctoroftheir $X" choice; $D # (l)  Theovercrowdingandpoorconditionsinprisons,aswellasallegedcasesofill-treatment &"% ofprisoners,andthedifficultiesfacedbyinternationalorganizations,NGOsandfamilymembers '#& ingainingaccesstoprisoners. (#' D.Recommendations |*%) 99.  TheCommitteerecommendsthattheStateparty: T,'+  @-(, (a)  Incorporateinitsdomesticlawthedefinitionoftorturesetoutinarticle1oftheConvention  andcharacterizeactsoftortureasaspecificcrime,punishablebyappropriatesanctions;  (b)  Takeeffectivemeasurestoestablishandensureafullyindependentandprofessionaljudiciary t inconformitywithinternationalstandards,notablytheBasicPrinciplesontheIndependenceofthe ` Judiciary,ifnecessarybycallingforinternationalcooperation; L  (c)  Ensureprompt,impartialandfullinvestigationsintothemanyallegationsoftorturereported $ t totheauthoritiesandtheprosecutionandpunishment,asappropriate,oftheperpetrators;  ` (d)  Establishanindependentbodycompetenttodealwithcomplaintsagainstthepoliceandother  8  lawenforcementpersonnel; $  (e)  Takeallthenecessarymeasurestoensurethattherequirementofarticle3oftheConvention   istakenintoconsiderationwhendecidingontheexpulsion,returnorextraditionofforeigners;   (f)  Takemeasurestoensurethatevidenceobtainedundertortureisnotinvokedincourt; p (g)  TakeallthenecessarymeasurestoguaranteeaccesstojusticeforallthepeopleofCambodia, H particularlythepoorandtheinhabitantsofruralandremoteareasofthecountry; 4 (h)  Undertakeallnecessarymeasurestoguaranteetoanypersondeprivedofhisorherliberty  \ therightofdefenceand,consequently,therighttobeassistedbyalawyer,ifnecessaryattheStates H expense; 4 (i)  Takeurgentmeasurestoimproveconditionsofdetentioninpolicestationsandprisons.It   should,moreover,increaseitseffortstoremedyprisonovercrowdingandestablishasystematicand  independentsystemtomonitorthetreatmentinpracticeofpersonsarrested,detainedorimprisoned.  Inthisconnection,theStatepartyshouldconsidersigningandratifyingtheOptionalProtocoltothe  Convention; l (j)  Reinforcehumanrightseducationandpromotionactivitiesingeneral,andregardingthe D! prohibitionoftortureinparticular,forlawenforcementofficialsandmedicalpersonnel,and 0"  introducetraininginthesesubjectsinofficialeducationprogrammes; #l! (k)  Takemeasurestoregulateandinstitutionalizetherightofvictimsoftorturetofairand $D # adequatecompensationandtoestablishprogrammesfortheirphysicalandmentalrehabilitation; %0!$ (l)  Ensurethatthereportedpracticeofunlawfultraffickingofpersonsissuppressed; '#& (m)  Providedataon:(a)thenumberofpersonsheldinprisonsandplacesofdetention, )$( disaggregatedbyage,gender,ethnicity,geographyandtypeofcrime;(b)thenumber,typesand |*%) resultsofcases,bothdisciplinaryandcriminal,ofpoliceandotherlawenforcementpersonnel h+&* accusedoftortureandrelatedoffences; T,'+ _ @-(, (n)  Ensurethewidedistributionoftheseconclusionsandrecommendationsthroughout  Cambodia,inallthemajorlanguages.  100.  TheCommitteerequeststheStatepartytoprovideresponsestothequestionsaskedbyits t membersandtotheissuesraisedinthepresentprovisionalconclusionsandrecommendationsby31 ` August2003. L  ________________ $ t _i_/TheCommitteeadoptedtheseconclusionsandrecommendationsprovisionallyinviewofthefact  L  thattheCambodiandelegation,composedofarepresentativeofthePermanentMissionofCambodia  8  totheUnitedNationsOfficeatGeneva,indicatedthatitwasnotinapositiontorespondtothe $  questionsandcommentsmadebytheCommittee.TheCommitteedecidedthatitcouldrevisethe   currenttextatitsthirty-firstsession,inlightofthewrittenresponsesthattheGovernmentof   Cambodiamightprovide.Onlythenwouldtheconclusionsandrecommendationsbecomefinal.   #XZXXAXZ#[Ed.Note:atits31stsession,heldinNovember2003,theCommitteedecidedtoconsiderasfinal p theaboveconclusionsandrecommendationsprovisionallyadoptedatits30thsession.See \ CAT/C/CR/30/2andCAT/C/CR/31/7] H