ÿWPC= >­ K³äàX¸¡Çêm%u¬ÉU­£Iüþíì",`¡’`ðü¾•¯”€C/§¿­àÚzÀšg7ƒ_òShR{7ÙÄ9Ö˜»oQý(üÀeb|ù¬×Ejr·„‹ŸQä:XÉÒ+®ªÈ]8¨Õ¼7Â$¼ ´<³þmC¥€É^D=õ~™08ü·yu¯“xÀ”G.ù|ÚK ¶.|Åï©%Û| `%C](<¦¢Aõ³€ÛÓÎrbÿ(¼§Jz ¿¼ò€:>ôW‡;ãŸ2~r‹Áˆ«H¾å÷—‡¥»l:TÐqì®E©½±\êȹù<^ §·¨ /$/ÍÍЫ>úϼ9 +—Žß|P` ûa\¨Ÿ{ÏEšÅ6„ÍÒ„ÝêÊ#}J"„ý…Ý%Oï¿Y ¨H”Ÿ `‘¶[ ¨ðOÊß/Ì[Ÿ(c„™ˆ_‘»~¡;€0— yy–/À 3|xÿU‹ÿÀÀÀÝ ƒûœ!ÝÔUKUS.,ÔÝ  ÝÔ_Ôò òÓ  ÓÔ‡¼f„»XXÔCAPE€VERDEÔ#†X)X»¼f„L#Ôó óÐ ° ÐÓ@ÓÌÌò òÔCEUK.,ÔCRC€€CRC/C/111€(2001)Ð œì Ðó óÌÓ  ÓÓ  Ó596.€€€The€Committee€considered€the€initial€report€of€Cape€Verde€(CRC/C/11/Add.23)€at€its445thÐ t Ä Ðto€446th€meetings€(see€CRC/C/SR.445„446),€held€on€10October€2001,€and€adopted,at€the€749thÐ ` ° Ðmeeting€(CRC/C/SR.749),€held€on€12€October€2001,€the€following€concluding€observations.Ð L œ ÐÌA.€€òòIntroductionóóÐ $ t  ÐÌ597.€€€The€Committee€welcomes€the€submission€of€the€State€partyððs€initial€report€and€the€promptlyÐ üL  Ðsubmitted€written€replies€to€its€list€of€issues€(CRC/C/Q/CAP/1).€€The€Committee€notes€the€veryÐ è8  Ðconstructive€dialogue€it€held€with€the€State€partyððs€high„ranking€delegation,€directly€implicated€inÐ Ô$  Ðthe€Conventionððs€implementation,€and€the€delegationððs€positive€reaction€to€the€Committeeððs€variousÐ À  Ðsuggestions.Ð ¬ü  ÐÌB.€€òòPositive€factorsóóÐ „Ô ÐÌ598.€€€The€Committee€welcomes€the€many€improvements€in€respect€for€childrenððs€rights€and€theÐ \¬ Ðsituation€of€children€within€the€State€party€over€the€last€two€decades.€€The€Committee€notes€theÐ H˜ Ðmarked€improvement€of€health€indicators€including,€in€particular,€the€sharp€drop€in€the€mortality€rateÐ 4„ Ðof€children€under€five€and€the€major€increase€in€school€enrolment.Ð  p ÐÌ599.€€€The€Committee€notes€the€very€positive€aims€of€education€within€the€State€partyððs€nationalÐ øH Ðeducation€curriculum€and€the€establishment€of€a€teacher€training€institute.Ð ä4 ÐÌ600.€€€The€Committee€notes€the€State€partyððs€adoption€of€the€Constitution€in€1992€whichÐ ¼  Ðmakesreference€to€childrenððs€rights,€the€adoption€of€a€Minors€Code,€amendments€to€the€CivilCodeÐ ¨ø ÐandFamily€Code,€the€adoption€of€a€national€declaration€on€social€policy€with€regardto€childrenÐ ”ä Ðandadolescents€and€the€award€of€a€UNICEF€childrenððs€rights€prize€to€the€Institute€for€MinorsÐ € Ð ÐinCapeVerde.Ð l!¼ ÐÌC.€€òòFactors€and€difficulties€impeding€the€implementation€of€the€ConventionóóÐ D#”! ÐÌ601.€€€The€Committee€notes€the€difficult€economic€conditions€within€the€State€party€and€the€situationÐ %l # Ðof€poverty€confronted€by€a€large€proportion€of€the€population.Ð &X!$ ÐÌ602.€€€The€Committee€notes€the€State€partyððs€geographic€spread€over€several€islands€which,Ð à'0#& Ðcombined€with€other€difficulties,€poses€problems€in€the€provision€of€services.€€The€Committee€notes,Ð Ì($' Ðin€addition,€the€absence€of€natural€resources,€the€limited€availability€of€clean€drinking€water,€regularÐ ¸)%( Ðperiods€of€drought€and€a€process€of€desertification.Ð ¤*ô%) ÐÌÌÐ h-¸(, ÐD.€€òòPrincipal€subjects€of€concern,€suggestions€and€recommendationsóóÐ ° ÐÌ1.€€òòGeneral€measures€of€implementationóóÐ ˆØ ÐÌòòLegislationóóÐ `° ÐÌ603.€€€Noting€the€recent€efforts€to€amend€the€Minors€Code€and€the€Family€Code,€the€CommitteeÐ 8 ˆ Ðremains€concerned€that€further€strengthening€of€legislation€is€required.€€The€Committee€is€alsoÐ $ t Ðconcerned€that€the€Convention€is€not€applied€directly€by€the€courts€and€administrative€structures€inÐ  ` Ðthe€State€party€and€that,€given€the€incompatibility€of€some€elements€of€domestic€legislation,€this€mayÐ ü L  Ðlead€to€practices€that€are€not€in€accordance€with€the€Convention.€Ð è 8  ÐÌ604.€€€The€Committee€recommends€that€the€State€party:Ð À  ÐÌ(a)€Amend€outdated€legislation€and€adopt€new€legislation,€including€the€new€Penal€Code,€inÐ ˜è  Ðaccordance€with€the€provisions€of€the€Convention;€Ð „Ô  ÐÌ(b)€Encourage€domestic€judicial€and€administrative€mechanisms€to€apply€the€Convention€directly€inÐ \¬ Ðdomestic€proceedings.€Ð H˜ ÐÌòòImplementation€and€coordinationóóÐ  p ÐÌ605.€€€The€Committee€is€concerned€that€implementation€of€the€Convention€is€hindered€by€insufficientÐ øH Ðcoordination€between€ministries€and€other€mechanisms€responsible€for€implementation,€includingÐ ä4 Ðbetween€public€and€private€institutions.Ð Ð  ÐÌ606.€€€The€Committee:Ð ¨ø ÐÌ(a)€Recommends€that€the€State€party€strengthen€implementation€of€the€Convention€and€establish€aÐ €Ð Ðmechanism€with€a€suitable€mandate€and€adequate€resources€tocoordinate€policy€and€programmesÐ l¼ Ðin€this€regard;€Ð X ¨ ÐÌ(b)€Noting€that€the€Ô_ÔInstitutoÔ_Ô€Cabo€Ô_ÔVerdianoÔ_Ô€dos€Ô_ÔMenoresÔ_Ô€(Ô_ÔICMÔ_Ô)€functions€effectively€on€two€islands,Ð 0"€  Ðthe€Committee€recommends€that€the€State€party€consider€extending€its€work€to€the€rest€of€theÐ #l! Ðcountry,€providing€it€with€additional€financial€and€human€resources€and€reinforcing€its€status;Ð $X" ÐÌÔ_Ô(c)Ô_Ô€Recommends€that€the€State€party€make€greater€efforts€to€coordinate€the€work€of€public€andÐ à%0!$ Ðprivate€institutions.Ð Ì&"% ÐÌòòNational€Plan€of€ActionóóÐ ¤(ô#' ÐÌ607.€€€Noting€the€State€partyððs€National€Plan€of€Action€for€childhood€and€adolescence,€theÐ |*Ì%) ÐCommittee€remains€concerned€that€the€Plan€has€not€been€implemented.Ð h+¸&* ÐÌ608.€€€The€Committee€strongly€recommends€that€the€State€party€update€and€implement€its€PlanofÐ @-(, ÐAction€for€childhood€and€adolescence€at€national€and€local€levels€and€in€accordance€withtheÐ ° ÐConventionððs€principles€and€provisions.Ð œì ÐÌòòDataóóÐ tÄ ÐÌ609.€€€The€Committee€is€concerned€at€the€lack€of€the€systematic€and€comprehensive€collection€ofÐ L œ ÐÔ_ÔdisaggregatedÔ_Ô€data€for€all€areas€covered€by€the€Convention€and€in€relation€to€all€groups€of€childrenÐ 8 ˆ Ðin€order€to€monitor€and€evaluate€progress€achieved€and€assess€the€impact€of€policies€adopted€withÐ $ t Ðrespect€to€children.€Ð  ` ÐÌ610.€€€The€Committee€recommends€that€the€State€party:Ð è 8  ÐÌ(a)€Develop€a€system€of€data€collection€and€indicators€consistent€with€the€Convention€andÐ À  ÐÔ_ÔdisaggregatedÔ_Ô€by€gender,€age,€and€urban€and€rural€area.€€This€system€should€cover€all€children€up€toÐ ¬ü  Ðthe€age€of€18€years,€with€specific€emphasis€on€those€who€are€particularly€vulnerable,€including€childÐ ˜è  Ðvictims€of€abuse,€neglect,€or€ill„treatment;€children€with€disabilities;€street€children;€child€victimsÐ „Ô  Ðof€sexual€exploitation;€children€in€conflict€with€the€law;€and€children€living€in€isolated€areas;Ð pÀ ÐÌ(b)€Use€these€indicators€and€data€for€the€formulation,€implementation€and€evaluation€of€policies€andÐ H˜ Ðprogrammes€for€strengthening€respect€of€the€Convention.Ð 4„ ÐÌòòMonitoringóóÐ  \ ÐÌ611.€€€While€noting€the€recent€establishment€of€the€National€Commission€on€Human€Rights€and€itsÐ ä4 Ðsub„commissions,€the€Committee€is€concerned€at€the€absence€of€an€effective€and€independentÐ Ð  Ðmechanism€for€monitoring€the€Conventionððs€implementation.Ð ¼  ÐÌ612.€€€The€Committee€recommends€that€the€State€party:Ð ”ä ÐÌ(a)€Consider€the€establishment€of€an€independent€national€human€rights€institution€in€accordanceÐ l¼ Ðwith€the€Principles€relating€to€the€status€of€national€institutions€for€the€promotion€and€protection€ofÐ X ¨ Ðhuman€rights€(General€Assembly€resolution€48/134)€to€monitor€and€evaluate€progress€in€theÐ D!” Ðimplementation€of€the€Convention€at€the€national€and€local€levels.€€This€institution€should€beÐ 0"€  Ðaccessible€to€children€and€empowered€to€receive€and€investigate€complaints€of€violations€of€childÐ #l! Ðrights€in€a€child„sensitive€manner€and€to€address€them€effectively;Ð $X" ÐÌ(b)€Consider€the€development€of€a€focal€point€on€childrenððs€rights€within€the€National€CommissionÐ à%0!$ Ðon€Human€Rights.Ð Ì&"% ÐÌòòAllocation€of€adequate€resourcesóóÐ ¤(ô#' ÐÌ613.€€€While€noting€the€State€partyððs€provision€of€significant€proportions€of€its€budgetary€resourcesÐ |*Ì%) Ðto€sectors€of€benefit€to€children,€the€Committee€remains€concerned€that€the€lack€of€adequate€dataÐ h+¸&* Ðmakes€it€difficult€to€assesses€accurately€the€investment€made€directly€for€the€ConventionððsÐ T,¤'+ Ðimplementation.€€The€Committee€is€concerned,€in€addition,€that€additional€resources€are€urgentlyÐ @-(, Ðrequired€for€securing€respect€for€the€economic,€social€and€cultural€rights€of€children.Ð ° ÐÌ614.€€€The€Committee€recommends€that€the€State€party:Ð ˆØ ÐÌ(a)€Systematically€assess€the€impact€of€budgetary€allocations€on€the€implementation€of€child€rightsÐ `° Ðand€disseminate€information€in€this€regard;Ð L œ ÐÌ(b)€Ensure€the€allocation€and€distribution,€to€the€maximum€extent€possible,€of€available€resourcesÐ $ t Ðat€the€national€and€local€levels€and,€where€needed,€within€the€framework€of€internationalÐ  ` Ðcooperation;Ð ü L  ÐÌÔ_Ô(c)Ô_Ô€Consider€its€obligations€under€the€Convention€in€all€aspects€of€its€negotiations€with€internationalÐ Ô$  Ðfinancial€institutions€and€other€donors,€to€ensure€that€the€economic,€social€and€cultural€rights€ofÐ À  Ðchildren€are€respected.Ð ¬ü  ÐÌòòCooperation€with€civil€societyóóÐ „Ô  ÐÌ615.€€€The€Committee€is€concerned€that€civil€society,€including€Ô_ÔNGOsÔ_Ô,€was€not€sufficiently€involvedÐ \¬ Ðin€the€process€of€drafting€the€State€partyððs€report€and€has€been€insufficiently€implicated€inÐ H˜ Ðimplementation€of€the€Convention.Ð 4„ ÐÌ616.€€€The€Committee€recommends€that€the€State€party€make€greater€efforts€to:Ð  \ ÐÌ(a)€Reinforce€cooperation€with€Ô_ÔNGOsÔ_Ô€working€in€all€domains€of€relevance€to€the€ConventionððsÐ ä4 Ðimplementation;Ð Ð  ÐÌ(b)€Support€the€work€of€Ô_ÔNGOsÔ_Ô€in€the€area€of€childrenððs€rights.Ð ¨ø ÐÌòòDissemination€of€the€ConventionóóÐ €Ð ÐÌ617.€€€While€noting€the€State€partyððs€efforts€to€promote€the€Convention,€including€in€schools,€theÐ X ¨ ÐCommittee€remains€concerned€that€there€is€insufficient€awareness€of€the€Convention€among€children,Ð D!” Ðprofessionals€working€with€children,€parents€and€the€public€in€general.€Ð 0"€  ÐÌ618.€€€The€Committee€recommends€that€the€State€party:Ð $X" ÐÌ(a)€Strengthen€its€efforts€to€disseminate€the€principles€and€provisions€of€the€Convention,€as€aÐ à%0!$ Ðmeasure€to€sensitize€society€on€childrenððs€rights;Ð Ì&"% ÐÌ(b)€Involve€local€communities€in€its€programmes€in€order€to€combat€customs€and€traditions€thatÐ ¤(ô#' Ðimpede€the€implementation€of€the€Convention€and€adopt€creative€measures€of€communication€forÐ )à$( Ðinvolving€persons€who€are€illiterate;Ð |*Ì%) ÐÌÔ_Ô(c)Ô_Ô€Undertake€systematic€education€and€training€on€the€provisions€of€the€Convention€for€allÐ T,¤'+ Ðprofessional€groups€working€for€and€with€children,€in€particular€parliamentarians,€judges,€lawyers,Ð @-(, Ðlaw€enforcement€officials,€civil€servants,€municipal€and€local€workers,€personnel€working€inÐ ° Ðinstitutions€and€places€of€detention€for€children,€teachers,€health€personnel,€including€psychologists,Ð œì Ðand€social€workers;Ð ˆØ ÐÌ(d)€Ensure€the€provision€of€human€rights€education,€including€on€the€rights€of€the€child,€in€allÐ `° Ðschools;Ð L œ ÐÌ(e)€Seek€technical€assistance€from,€among€others,€Ô_ÔOHCHRÔ_Ô€and€UNICEF.Ð $ t ÐÌ2.€€òòDefinition€of€the€childóóÐ ü L  ÐÌ619.€€€The€Committee€is€concerned€that€the€number€of€years€of€compulsory€education€under€existingÐ Ô$  Ðprovisions€is€insufficient.Ð À  ÐÌ620.€€€The€Committee€recommends€that€the€State€party:Ð ˜è  ÐÌ(a)€Increase€the€number€of€years€of€compulsory€education,€including€by€extending€the€minimum€ageÐ pÀ Ðfor€leaving€education;Ð \¬ ÐÌ(b)€Take€steps€to€close€gaps€between€the€minimum€age€for€work€and€the€end€of€compulsoryÐ 4„ Ðeducation,€so€as€to€ensure€that€children€do€not€end€their€education€prematurely€to€begin€work;Ð  p ÐÌÔ_Ô(c)Ô_Ô€Seek€technical€assistance€from€UNESCO€and€ILO,€as€appropriate,€in€thisregard.€Ð øH ÐÌ3.€€òòGeneral€principlesóóÐ Ð  ÐÌ621.€€€The€Committee€is€concerned€that€the€principles€of€non„discrimination€(article€2€ofÐ ¨ø ÐtheConvention),€best€interests€of€the€child€(art.€3),€survival€and€development€(art.€6)€and€respectforÐ ”ä Ðthe€views€of€the€child€(art.€12)€are€not€fully€reflected€in€the€State€partyððs€legislation€andÐ €Ð Ðadministrative€and€judicial€decisions,€as€well€as€in€policies€and€programmes€relevant€to€children€atÐ l¼ Ðboth€national€and€local€levels.Ð X ¨ ÐÌ622.€€€The€Committee€recommends€that€the€State€party€appropriately€integrate€general€principles€ofÐ 0"€  Ðthe€Convention,€in€particular€the€provisions€of€articles€2,€3,€6€and€12,€in€all€relevant€legislationÐ #l! Ðconcerning€children€and€apply€them€in€all€political,€judicial€and€administrative€decisions,€as€well€asÐ $X" Ðin€projects,€programmes€and€services€which€have€an€impact€on€all€children.€€These€principles€shouldÐ ô$D # Ðguide€planning€and€policy„making€at€every€level,€as€well€as€actions€taken€by€social€and€healthÐ à%0!$ Ðwelfare€institutions,€courts€of€law€and€administrative€authorities.Ð Ì&"% ÐÌòòDiscriminationóóÐ ¤(ô#' ÐÌ623.€€€The€Committee€is€concerned€that€the€Constitution€does€not€include€provisions€prohibitingÐ |*Ì%) Ðdiscrimination€against€children€with€disabilities€and€that€discrimination€against€women,€which€mayÐ h+¸&* Ðhave€an€impact€on€their€children,€remains€commonplace€in€practice.Ð T,¤'+ ÐÐ @-(, Ð624.€€€The€Committee€recommends€that€the€State€party:Ð ° ÐÌ(a)€Ensure€that€the€Constitution€and€other€relevant€legislation€prohibit€discrimination€on€all€groundsÐ ˆØ Ðcovered€by€the€Conventionððs€article€2€including,€in€particular,€discrimination€on€the€basis€ofÐ tÄ Ðdisability;Ð `° ÐÌ(b)€Strengthen€its€efforts€to€end€discrimination€against€women€through,€òòinteraliaóó,€the€use€ofÐ 8 ˆ Ðinformation€campaigns€and€programmes€promoting€the€advancement€of€women.Ð $ t ÐÌ625.€€€The€Committee€requests€that€specific€information€be€included€in€the€next€periodic€reportonÐ ü L  Ðthe€measures€and€programmes€relevant€to€the€Convention€on€the€Rights€of€the€Child€undertaken€byÐ è 8  Ðthe€State€party€to€follow€up€on€the€Declaration€and€Programme€of€Action€adopted€at€the€2001€WorldÐ Ô$  ÐConference€against€Racism,€Racial€Discrimination,€Xenophobia€and€Related€Intolerance,€and€takingÐ À  Ðaccount€of€the€Committeeððs€general€comment€No.€1€on€article€29€(1)€of€the€Convention€on€the€aimsÐ ¬ü  Ðof€education.Ð ˜è  ÐÌòòChild€participationóóÐ pÀ ÐÌ626.€€€While€noting€the€State€partyððs€efforts€in€this€regard,€including€both€the€establishment€of€aÐ H˜ Ðchildrenððs€parliament€and€the€State€partyððs€efforts€in€1998€to€raise€awareness€of€childrenððs€right€toÐ 4„ Ðparticipate,€the€Committee€remains€concerned€that€this€right€is€not€adequately€respected€in€theÐ  p Ðcontext€of,€inter€alia,€the€family,€schools€and€policy„making.Ð  \ ÐÌ627.€€€In€light€of€article€12,€the€Committee€recommends€that€the€State€party€strengthen€its€efforts€toÐ ä4 Ðensure€respect€for€childrenððs€right€to€participate€through,€interalia:Ð Ð  ÐÌ(a)€The€use€of€promotion€campaigns€targeting€parents,€teachers€and€children;Ð ¨ø ÐÌ(b)€Continuing€support€to€the€childrenððs€parliament€and€ensuring€that€conclusions€andÐ €Ð Ðrecommendations€made€by€this€parliament€are€taken€into€consideration€inthe€State€partyððs€decision„Ð l¼ Ðmaking€process.Ð X ¨ ÐÌ4.€€òòCivil€rights€and€freedomsóóÐ 0"€  ÐÌòòBirth€registration€and€the€right€to€identityóóÐ $X" ÐÌ628.€€€While€welcoming€the€significant€progress€made€by€the€State€party€in€increasing€rates€of€birthÐ à%0!$ Ðregistration,€the€Committee€remains€concerned€that€a€large€proportion€of€children€are€still€notÐ Ì&"% Ðregistered€at€birth.Ð ¸'#& ÐÌ629.€€€The€Committee€recommends€that€the€State€party:Ð )à$( ÐÌ(a)€Continue€and€strengthen€its€ongoing€efforts€to€raise€birth€registration€levels€including€throughÐ h+¸&* Ðfacilitating€the€birth€registration€process,€raising€awareness€among€parents,€increasing€resourcesÐ T,¤'+ Ðavailable€to€registering€authorities€and€establishing€birth€registration€facilities€in€hospitals€withÐ @-(, Ðmaternity€clinics;€Ð ° ÐÌ(b)€Give€particular€attention€to€isolated€communities,€including€those€on€less€populated€islands.Ð ˆØ ÐÌòòCorporal€punishmentóóÐ `° ÐÌ630.€€€The€Committee€is€concerned€that€corporal€punishment€is€widely€practised€in€the€home€and€inÐ 8 ˆ Ðschools,€and€by€the€police€forces€against€vulnerable€groups€such€as€street€children.Ð $ t ÐÌ631.€€€The€Committee€recommends€that€the€State€party:Ð ü L  ÐÌ(a)€Take€steps€to€end€the€practice€of€corporal€punishment€in€schools€and€in€the€home;€€Ð Ô$  ÐÌ(b)€Conduct,€òòinter€aliaóó,€awareness„raising€and€education€campaigns€to€change€public€attitudes;Ð ¬ü  ÐÌÔ_Ô(c)Ô_Ô€Provide€training€and€information€on€alternative€forms€of€non„violent€discipline€and€ensure€thatÐ „Ô  Ðthese€are€administered€in€a€manner€consistent€with€the€childððs€human€dignity€and€in€conformity€withÐ pÀ Ðthe€Convention,€especially€articles€19€and€28€(2).Ð \¬ ÐÌ5.€€òòFamily€environment€and€alternative€careóó€Ð 4„ ÐÌòòFamily€structureóóÐ  \ ÐÌ632.€€€The€Committee€is€concerned€that€the€family€structure,€and€particularly€the€care€and€protectionÐ ä4 Ðit€provides€to€children€in€the€State€party,€is€weakened€by€a€combination€of€a€lack€of€resources,€poorÐ Ð  Ðhousing€conditions,€a€lack€of€free€day€care€for€single„parent„headed€families,€an€insufficient€socialÐ ¼  Ðsecurity€and€welfare€system€and€the€union€libre€fixe€practice€of€parental€relationships.Ð ¨ø ÐÌ633.€€€The€Committee€recommends€that€the€State€party:Ð €Ð ÐÌ(a)€Give€careful€consideration€to€ways€of€providing€improved€protection€and€care€of€children€andÐ X ¨ Ðtheir€rights€in€the€context€of€the€family,€and€that€subsequent€action€be€taken€urgently€towardsÐ D!” Ðstrengthening€childrenððs€family€life;Ð 0"€  ÐÌ(b)€Consider€the€provision€of€assistance€to€families€through,€òòinter€aliaóó,€a€national€plan€for€familiesÐ $X" Ðand€additional€assistance€to€single„parent€families,€including€with€regard€to€securing€childÐ ô$D # Ðmaintenance€payments€from€the€parent€who€is€not€caring€for€the€child;Ð à%0!$ ÐÌÔ_Ô(c)Ô_Ô€Study€the€impact€of€the€òòunion€libre€fixeóó€relationship€structure€on€children€and€develop€specificÐ ¸'#& Ðprogrammes€to€address€problems€identified;Ð ¤(ô#' ÐÌ(d)€Seek€assistance€from€UNICEF€in€this€regard.Ð |*Ì%) ÐÌÌÐ @-(, ÐòòAbuse,€mistreatment€and€domestic€violenceóóÐ ° ÐÌ634.€€€The€Committee€is€concerned€at€incidents€of€abuse,€including€sexual€abuse€and€incest,€and€theÐ ˆØ Ðmistreatment€of€children€in€the€family.€€The€Committee€is€concerned,€in€addition,€at€the€incidenceÐ tÄ Ðof€domestic€violence,€which€has€a€negative€impact€on€children.Ð `° ÐÌ635.€€€The€Committee€recommends€that€the€State€party€make€every€effort:Ð 8 ˆ ÐÌ(a)€To€monitor€and€record€incidents€of€abuse,€including€sexual€abuse€and€incest,€mistreatment€ofÐ  ` Ðchildren€and€domestic€violence,€including€violence€against€women€in€the€family,€making€particularÐ ü L  Ðefforts€to€improve€data€collection€on€these€concerns;Ð è 8  ÐÌ(b)€Effectively€investigate€cases€of€domestic€violence€and€violence€in,€through€a€child„sensitiveÐ À  Ðjudicial€procedure,€and€apply€sanctions€to€perpetrators€with€due€regard€given€to€guaranteeing€theÐ ¬ü  Ðright€to€privacy€of€the€child;Ð ˜è  ÐÌÔ_Ô(c)Ô_Ô€Proceed€with€a€study€of€violence€against€women€and€address€this€concern€through,€òòinter€aliaóó,€theÐ pÀ Ðpromotion€of€womenððs€human€rights,€the€strengthened€implementation€of€relevant€provisions€in€theÐ \¬ ÐConstitution€and€other€legal€instruments,€andby€ensuring€that€women€have€access€to€suitableÐ H˜ Ðcomplaint€mechanisms;€Ð 4„ ÐÌ(d)€Ensure€that€cultural€taboos€discouraging€complaints€of€violence€are€brokendown;Ð  \ ÐÌ(e)€Give€appropriate€weight€to€childrenððs€views€in€legal€proceedings;€provide€support€services€toÐ ä4 Ðchild€witnesses€in€legal€proceedings€and€services€for€physical€and€psychological€recovery€and€socialÐ Ð  Ðreintegration€of€the€victims€of€rape,€abuse,€neglect,€ill-treatment,€violence€or€exploitation,€inÐ ¼  Ðaccordance€with€article€39€of€the€Convention;€and€take€measures€to€prevent€the€Ô_ÔcriminalizationÔ_Ô€andÐ ¨ø Ðstigmatization€of€victims;Ð ”ä ÐÌ(f)€Seek€technical€assistance€from,€among€others,€UNICEF.Ð l¼ ÐÌòòAlternative€careóóÐ D!” ÐÌ636.€€€Noting€the€State€partyððs€efforts,€including€a€study€on€the€traditional€system€of€foster€care€forÐ #l! Ðorphans€(see,€inter€alia,€paragraph€119€of€the€State€partyððs€report),€the€Committee€remains€concernedÐ $X" Ðthat€the€foster€care€system€requires€strengthening.Ð ô$D # ÐÌ637.€€€The€Committee€recommends€that€the€State€party€take€action€to€improve€the€foster€care€system,Ð Ì&"% Ðincluding€consideration€of€recommendations€made€by€the€study€and€in€respect€of€the€ConventionððsÐ ¸'#& Ðprovisions.Ð ¤(ô#' ÐÌòòAdoptionóóÐ |*Ì%) ÐÌ638.€€€Noting€in€particular€the€State€partyððs€very€large€emigrant€population,€the€Committee€isÐ T,¤'+ Ðconcerned€at€potential€violations€of€childrenððs€rights€in€the€context€of€Ô_ÔintercountryÔ_Ô€adoption.Ð @-(, Ї639.€€€The€Committee€recommends€that€the€State€party€adopt€and€implement€the1993HagueÐ ° ÐConvention€on€Protection€of€Children€and€Cooperation€in€Respect€of€Ô_ÔIntercountryÔ_Ô€Adoption.Ð œì ÐÌ6.€€òòBasic€health€and€welfareóó€Ð tÄ ÐÌ640.€€€While€noting€the€significant€progress€made,€the€Committee€remains€concerned€at€healthÐ L œ Ðproblems€among€children€such€as€the€deaths€of€infants€and€children€caused€by€diarrhoeal€diseases,Ð 8 ˆ Ðrespiratory€infections€and€malnutrition.€€The€Committee€is€concerned,€in€particular,€by€the€limitedÐ $ t Ðaccess€to€health€services€of€children€living€in€rural€communities,€and€particularly€on€more€remoteÐ  ` Ðislands,€and€the€threat€of€HIV/AIDS.Ð ü L  ÐÌ641.€€€The€Committee€recommends€that€the€State€party:Ð Ô$  ÐÌ(a)€Pursue€and€strengthen€its€efforts€to€improve€access€to€health€care,€including€primary€health€care,Ð ¬ü  Ðgiving€particular€attention€to€major€causes€of€infant€and€child€mortality€and€to€major€illnesses€andÐ ˜è  Ðdiseases;Ð „Ô  ÐÌ(b)€Give€particular€attention€to€children€living€in€rural€areas€and€on€remote€islands€and€to€theÐ \¬ Ðprevention€of€the€spread€of€HIV/AIDS.Ð H˜ ÐÌòòAdequate€standard€of€livingóóÐ  p ÐÌ642.€€€While€noting€the€State€partyððs€efforts€in€this€regard,€the€Committee€remains€concerned€at€theÐ øH Ðlarge€proportion€of€children€and€their€families€living€in€poverty.€€The€Committee€is€concerned,€inÐ ä4 Ðparticular,€by€weaknesses€in€the€social€security€system,€poor€housing€conditions,€the€lack€of€adequateÐ Ð  Ðsanitary€facilities€and€the€lack€of€easy€access€for€many€families€and€children€to€clean€drinking€water.Ð ¼  ÐÌ643.€€€The€Committee€urges€the€State€party:Ð ”ä ÐÌ(a)€To€ensure€that€its€anti„poverty€programme€takes€into€consideration€childrenððs€rights€in€the€contextÐ l¼ Ðof,€òòinter€aliaóó,€an€adequate€standard€of€living;Ð X ¨ ÐÌ(b)€To€develop€programmes€of€major€improvements€to€the€social€security€system,€housing€conditionsÐ 0"€  Ðof€children,€home€sanitation€facilities€and€access€to€clean€drinking€water.Ð #l! ÐÌòòChildren€with€disabilitiesóóÐ ô$D # ÐÌ644.€€€The€Committee€is€concerned€that€the€rights€of€children€with€disabilities€are€not€fully€respectedÐ Ì&"% Ðand€that€available€specialized€assistance,€including€economic€assistance,€is€insufficient.€€TheÐ ¸'#& ÐCommittee€is€concerned,€in€addition,€at€the€absence€of€public€schools€or€trained€teachers€for€childrenÐ ¤(ô#' Ðwith€disabilities€in€need€of€special€facilities.Ð )à$( ÐÌ645.€€€The€Committee€recommends€that€the€State€party:Ð h+¸&* ÐÌ(a)€Make€urgent€efforts€to€improve€respect€for€the€rights€of€children€with€disabilities,€including€theÐ @-(, Ðrights€to€non„discrimination,€family€life,€an€adequate€standard€of€living,€health€care,€education€andÐ ° Ðleisure;Ð œì ÐÌ(b)€Continue€to€provide€and€encourage€access€to€the€regular€education€system€for€children€withÐ tÄ Ðdisabilities€who€are€able€to€participate€in€this€system;Ð `° ÐÌÔ_Ô(c)Ô_Ô€Ensure€that,€where€necessary,€specialized€educational€and€health€assistance€are€made€availableÐ 8 ˆ Ðto€children€with€disabilities€in€need€of€such€assistance;Ð $ t ÐÌ(d)€Ensure€the€provision€of€specialized€services€for€children€with€disabilities€making€a€transition€toÐ ü L  Ðthe€regular€education€system;Ð è 8  ÐÌ(e)€Provide€additional€assistance€to€families€caring€for€children€with€disabilities;Ð À  ÐÌ(f)€Develop€and€implement€information€campaigns€targeting,€among€others,€parents,€teachers,€careÐ ˜è  Ðgivers€and€children,€on€the€rights€of€children€with€disabilities,€including€the€right€to€equal€treatment;Ð „Ô  ÐÌ(g)€Seek€technical€assistance€from€UNICEF€and€WHO.Ð \¬ ÐÌòòAdolescent€healthóóÐ 4„ ÐÌ646.€€€The€Committee€is€concerned€that€adolescents€face€numerous€risks,€including€from€life€on€theÐ  \ Ðstreet,€sexual€exploitation,€mistreatment,€alcohol,€tobacco€and€drug€abuse€and€delinquency,€and€thatÐ øH Ðthere€are€no€statistics€available€to€indicate€the€number€of€adolescents€exposed€to€these€dangers.€€TheÐ ä4 ÐCommittee€is€concerned,€in€addition,€at€the€high€rates€of€teenage€pregnancy,€the€incidence€of€sexuallyÐ Ð  Ðtransmitted€diseases,€the€potential€spread€of€HIV/AIDS€and€the€incidence€of€unsafe€abortionsÐ ¼  Ðoccurring€outside€the€health€service€structure.Ð ¨ø ÐÌ647.€€€The€Committee€recommends€that€the€State€party:Ð €Ð ÐÌ(a)€Ensure€that€its€child€rights€policy€takes€into€consideration€the€risks€faced€by€adolescents€and€thatÐ X ¨ Ðevery€effort€is€made€to€ensure€that€adolescents€have€access€to€appropriate€health,€including€mentalÐ D!” Ðhealth,€care€and€legal€assistance;Ð 0"€  ÐÌ(b)€Give€special€attention€to€sexual€exploitation,€mistreatment,€and€alcohol,€tobacco€and€substanceÐ $X" Ðabuse;Ð ô$D # ÐÌÔ_Ô(c)Ô_Ô€Give€special€attention€to€teenage€pregnancy,€sexually€transmitted€diseases,€HIV/AIDS€and€unsafeÐ Ì&"% Ðabortions,€including€through€the€provision€of€sex€education€for€all€adolescents;Ð ¸'#& ÐÌ(d)€Ensure€the€provision€of€child„sensitive€health€assistance,€education€and€counselling,€in€fullÐ )à$( Ðrespect€of€the€childððs€right€to€privacy;Ð |*Ì%) ÐÌ(e)€Seek€technical€assistance€from,€among€others,€Ô_ÔUNFPAÔ_Ô€and€WHO.Ð T,¤'+ ÐÐ @-(, Ð7.€€òòEducation,€leisure€and€cultural€activitiesóó€Ð ° ÐÌ648.€€€The€Committee€is€concerned€that€the€quality€of€education€is€low€and,€in€particular,€that€thereÐ ˆØ Ðis€a€serious€lack€of€resources€and€didactic€material€in€schools,€that€the€training€of€teachers€remainsÐ tÄ Ðinsufficient€and€that€the€drop„out€rate€of€children€from€secondary€education€is€high.€The€CommitteeÐ `° Ðis€concerned€that€access€to€pre„school€education€is€very€limited.€€While€noting€gender€equality€inÐ L œ Ðadmissions€to€primary€education,€the€Committee€is€concerned€that€some€adolescents€are€excludedÐ 8 ˆ Ðfrom€the€system€of€compulsory€education.€€The€Committee€is€concerned,€in€addition,€that€not€allÐ $ t Ðchildren€are€fluent€in€both€Creole€and€Portuguese€and€that€these€children€risk€being€Ô_ÔmarginalizedÔ_Ô,Ð  ` Ðgiven€that€school€education€is€in€Portuguese.Ð ü L  ÐÌ649.€€€Noting€efforts€to€increase€enrolment€levels,€particularly€to€primary€school,€the€CommitteeÐ Ô$  Ðrecommends€that€the€State€party:Ð À  ÐÌ(a)€Make€urgent€efforts€to€improve€the€quality€of€education€throughout€the€education€system,Ð ˜è  Ðincluding€through€reference€to€the€Committeeððs€general€comment€No.€1€on€article€29€of€theÐ „Ô  ÐConvention€on€the€aims€of€education;Ð pÀ ÐÌ(b)€Strengthen€the€training€of€teachers€and€the€provision€of€resources,€including€didactic€materials;Ð H˜ ÐÌÔ_Ô(c)Ô_Ô€Improve€access€to€pre„school€education€for€all€children,€giving€particular€attention€to€childrenÐ  p Ðfrom€disadvantaged€backgrounds;Ð  \ ÐÌ(d)€Make€efforts€to€increase€the€number€of€children€completing€secondary€education;Ð ä4 ÐÌ(e)€Ensure€full€access€for€all€children€to€compulsory€education;Ð ¼  ÐÌ(f)€Take€steps€to€ensure€that€all€children€are€fluent€in€Creole€and€Portuguese;Ð ”ä ÐÌ(g)€Seek€technical€assistance€from€UNICEF€in€this€regard.Ð l¼ ÐÌ8.€€òòSpecial€protection€measuresóó€Ð D!” ÐÌòòRefugeesóóÐ #l! ÐÌ650.€€€The€Committee€notes€the€relatively€unimpeded€access€of€refugees€to€the€State€party,€butÐ ô$D # Ðremains€concerned€that€the€State€party€has€not€yet€ratified€international€instruments€with€regard€toÐ à%0!$ Ðthe€protection€of€stateless€persons.Ð Ì&"% ÐÌ651.€€€The€Committee€recommends€that€the€State€party:Ð ¤(ô#' ÐÌ(a)€Continue€efforts€to€ensure€full€respect€for€the€rights€of€refugee€children;Ð |*Ì%) ÐÌ(b)€Ratify€the€1954€Convention€relating€to€the€Status€of€Stateless€Persons;Ð T,¤'+ ÐÐ @-(, ÐÔ_Ô(c)Ô_Ô€Ratify€the€1961€Convention€on€the€Reduction€of€Statelessness.Ð ° ÐÌòòChild€labouróóÐ ˆØ ÐÌ652.€€€The€Committee€is€concerned€at€practices€of€child€labour,€including€the€use€of€children€to€washÐ `° Ðcars€and€sell€goods€on€the€streets.Ð L œ ÐÌ653.€€€The€Committee€recommends€that€the€State€party:Ð $ t ÐÌ(a)€Ensure€implementation€of€international€labour€standards€with€regard€to€children;Ð ü L  ÐÌ(b)€Consider€raising€the€minimum€age€for€work;Ð Ô$  ÐÌÔ_Ô(c)Ô_Ô€Consider€ratification€of€the€1973€ILO€Convention€No.€138€concerning€Minimum€Age€forÐ ¬ü  ÐAdmission€to€Employment€and€the€1999€ILO€Convention€No.€182€concerning€the€Prohibition€andÐ ˜è  ÐImmediate€Action€for€the€Elimination€of€the€Worst€Forms€of€Child€Labour.Ð „Ô  ÐÌòòSexual€exploitation€and€traffickingóóÐ \¬ ÐÌ654.€€€The€Committee€is€concerned€at€practices€of€sexual€violence€and€exploitation€of€children,Ð 4„ Ðincluding€child€prostitution,€primarily€affecting€girls€but€also€including€boys,€such€as€on€the€islandÐ  p Ðof€Sal.€€The€Committee€is€concerned€that,€with€increasing€tourism,€sexual€exploitation€of€childrenÐ  \ Ðmay€increase€and€that€there€may€be€incidents€of€trafficking€in€children.Ð øH ÐÌ655.€€€The€Committee€recommends€that€the€State€party:€Ð Ð  ÐÌ(a)€Conduct€a€study€to€assess€the€extent€of€the€sexual€exploitation€and€prostitution€of€and€potentialÐ ¨ø Ðtrafficking€in€children;Ð ”ä ÐÌ(b)€Strengthen€its€efforts€to€address€sexual€violence€and€exploitation€of€children,€includingÐ l¼ Ðprostitution,€òòinter€aliaóó€through€the€judicial€system,€the€media€and€through€information€campaigns,Ð X ¨ Ðwhile€also€ensuring€the€protection€of€childrenððs€right€to€privacy€and€other€relevant€concerns;Ð D!” ÐÌÔ_Ô(c)Ô_Ô€Take€action€to€prevent€the€trafficking€of€children€and€to€identify€and€implement€solutions;Ð #l! ÐÌ(d)€Develop€a€National€Plan€of€Action€to€address€sexual€exploitation,€taking€into€account€theÐ ô$D # Ðrecommendations€formulated€in€the€Agenda€for€Action€adopted€at€the€World€Congress€AgainstÐ à%0!$ ÐCommercial€Exploitation€of€Children,€held€in€Stockholm€in€1996;Ð Ì&"% ÐÌ(e)€Seek€technical€assistance€from€UNICEF.Ð ¤(ô#' ÐÌòòStreet€childrenóóÐ |*Ì%) ÐÌ656.€€€The€Committee€is€concerned€at€the€presence€of€children€living€and/or€working€in€the€street,Ð T,¤'+ Ðin€particular€in€the€urban€centres€of€Mindelo,€Praia€and€Sal€and€that€these€children€are€vulnerable€toÐ @-(, Ðmistreatment,€abuse€and€exploitation,€including€thieving€on€behalf€of€adults.Ð ° ÐÌ657.€€€The€Committee€recommends€that€the€State€party:Ð ˆØ ÐÌ(a)€Implement€measures€to€protect€and€assist€children€who€are€living€and/or€working€in€the€street;Ð `° ÐÌ(b)€Take€steps€to€address€the€causes€of€this€concern;Ð 8 ˆ ÐÌÔ_Ô(c)Ô_Ô€Develop€solutions€to€prevent€children€from€living€and/or€working€in€the€streets€and€provideÐ  ` Ðassistance€to€children€in€leaving€the€street,€including€through€family€reunification€programmes,Ð ü L  Ðeducational€assistance€and€appropriate€rehabilitation;Ð è 8  ÐÌ(d)€Seek€technical€assistance€from€UNICEF.Ð À  ÐÌòòSubstance€abuseóóÐ ˜è  ÐÌ658.€€€Noting€the€work€of€the€national€committee€Ô_ÔcombatingÔ_Ô€drug€abuse,€the€Committee€is€concernedÐ pÀ Ðat€the€incidence€of€substance€abuse€by€children,€particularly€in€the€urban€centres€of€Praia,€MindeloÐ \¬ Ðand€Sal.Ð H˜ ÐÌ659.€€€The€Committee€recommends€that€the€State€party:Ð  p ÐÌ(a)€Reinforce€the€work€of€the€national€committee;Ð øH ÐÌ(b)€Strengthen€its€efforts€to€address€the€abuse€of€substances€by€children.Ð Ð  ÐÌòòJuvenile€justiceóóÐ ¨ø ÐÌ660.€€€The€Committee€is€concerned€that,€in€practice,€juvenile€justice€standards€are€not€appliedÐ €Ð Ðbecause€of€severe€weaknesses€in€the€functioning€of€the€Commission€for€the€Protection€of€Minors,Ð l¼ Ðthe€absence€of€appropriate€institutions€for€the€implementation€of€some€juvenile€justice€measures,€theÐ X ¨ Ðinsufficient€capacity€of€courts€and€the€backlog€of€cases,€and€an€overall€lack€of€financial€and€humanÐ D!” Ðresources.€€The€Committee€is€concerned,€inter€alia,€by€the€lack€of€alternative€measures€to€detentionÐ 0"€  Ðfor€children€over€16,€the€incarceration€of€children€with€adults,€and€the€fact€that€detained€children€doÐ #l! Ðnot€receive€any€formal€education.€Ð $X" ÐÌ661.€€€The€Committee€recommends€that€the€State€party:Ð à%0!$ ÐÌ(a)€Proceed€with€its€efforts€to€strengthen€the€system€of€juvenile€justice€in€the€spirit€of€the€Convention,Ð ¸'#& Ðin€particular€articles€37,€40€and€39,€and€other€United€Nations€standards€in€the€field€of€juvenile€justice,Ð ¤(ô#' Ðincluding€the€United€Nations€Standard€Minimum€Rules€for€the€Administration€of€Juvenile€JusticeÐ )à$( Ð(the€Beijing€Rules),€the€United€Nations€Guidelines€for€the€Prevention€of€Juvenile€Delinquency€(theÐ |*Ì%) ÐRiyadh€Guidelines),€the€UnitedNations€Rules€for€the€Protection€of€Juveniles€Deprived€of€theirÐ h+¸&* ÐLiberty€and€the€Vienna€Guidelines€for€Action€on€Children€in€the€Criminal€Justice€System;Ð T,¤'+ ÐÐ @-(, Ð(b)€Consider€deprivation€of€liberty€only€as€a€measure€of€last€resort,€for€all€children€up€to€the€age€ofÐ ° Ð18€and€for€the€shortest€possible€period€of€time,€limit€by€law€the€length€of€pre„trial€detention,€andÐ œì Ðensure€the€availability€of€suitable€alternatives€to€detention;Ð ˆØ ÐÌÔ_Ô(c)Ô_Ô€Provide€children€with€legal€assistance€at€an€early€stage€of€proceedings;Ð `° ÐÌ(d)€Protect€the€rights€of€children€deprived€of€their€liberty€and€improve€their€conditions€of€detentionÐ 8 ˆ Ðand€imprisonment,€including€by€solving€the€problem€of€overcrowded€prisons€and€establishing€specialÐ $ t Ðfacilities€for€children€with€conditions€suitable€to€their€age€and€needs;€and€in€the€meantime,€ensureÐ  ` Ðthat€children€are€separated€from€adults€in€prison€and€in€pre„trial€detention€facilities;Ð ü L  ÐÌ(e)€Ensure€that€children€up€to€the€age€of€18€in€conflict€with€the€law€are€not€treated€like,€and€do€notÐ Ô$  Ðreceive€the€same€sanctions€as€adults.Ð À  ÐÌ(f)€Ensure€that€children€are€able€to€remain€in€regular€contact€with€their€families€while€in€the€juvenileÐ ˜è  Ðjustice€system;Ð „Ô  ÐÌ(g)€Establish€an€independent€child„sensitive€and€accessible€system€for€complaints€for€children;Ð \¬ ÐÌ(h)€Introduce€training€programmes€on€relevant€international€standards€for€all€professionals€involvedÐ 4„ Ðwith€the€system€of€juvenile€justice;Ð  p ÐÌ(Ô_ÔiÔ_Ô)€Establish€a€programme€of€rehabilitation€and€reintegration€of€juveniles€following€justiceÐ øH Ðproceedings;Ð ä4 ÐÌ(j)€Request€technical€assistance€in€the€area€of€juvenile€justice€and€police€training€from,€among€others,Ð ¼  ÐÔ_ÔOHCHRÔ_Ô,€the€United€Nations€Centre€for€International€Crime€Prevention,€the€International€NetworkÐ ¨ø Ðon€Juvenile€Justice€and€UNICEF,€through€the€United€Nations€Coordination€Panel€on€TechnicalÐ ”ä ÐAdvice€and€Assistance€on€Juvenile€Justice.Ð €Ð ÐÌ9.€€òòOptional€protocols€and€article€43€(2)óóÐ X ¨ ÐÌ662.€€€The€Committee€recommends€that€the€State€party:Ð 0"€  ÐÌ(a)€Consider€ratification€of€the€Optional€Protocol€to€the€Convention€on€the€Rights€of€the€Child€onÐ $X" Ðthe€sale€of€children,€child€prostitution€and€child€pornography€and€the€Optional€Protocol€on€theÐ ô$D # ÐInvolvement€of€Children€in€Armed€Conflicts.Ð à%0!$ ÐÌ(b)€Accept€the€amendment€to€article€43€(2)€of€the€Convention.Ð ¸'#& ÐÌ10.€€òòDissemination€of€documentsóóÐ )à$( ÐÌÓÓÓ  Ó663.€€€Finally,€in€light€of€article€44,€paragraph€6,€of€the€Convention,€the€Committee€recommends€thatÐ h+¸&* Ðthe€initial€report€and€written€replies€submitted€by€the€State€party€be€made€widely€available€to€theÐ T,¤'+ Ðpublic€at€large€and€that€the€publication€of€the€report€be€considered,€along€with€the€relevant€summaryÐ @-(, Ðrecords€and€concluding€observations€adopted€by€the€Committee.€€Such€a€document€should€be€widelyÐ ° Ðdistributed€in€order€to€generate€debate€and€awareness€of€the€Convention€and€its€implementation€andÐ œì Ðmonitoring€within€all€levels€of€administration€of€the€State€party€and€the€general€public,€including€ÔUK.,CE.,ÅÔÔCEUK.,ÔÐ ˆØ Ðconcerned€non-governmental€organizations.€ÔUK.,CE.,–¦Ô