WPC3 oHIkBUhB*)"z{"e3'"7 {HA)D3cm,$+{(a5E Df>N@!W3f0'Xp2| r[;WG_" e񃂙")`|d;o3x9*>ry CRJMݸ ;}l̒cJ#P&XX.Ӂigti([EF w^كy"SRNTQ0]8S2/rIc*?A3Ւ.ީ.ɎΑ4yeLd DBϾ*armqN'מ|9d5@kX YedzDcio{Vr>󖰓&XBw[ Tهۍ O*ݗ-1l£%^C,%wf/FeT9z DokN#DUN %[ 0:a ^ w 4   m N 0U 0> 0N! 0o 04 0 0 0_ 0  0 0T 0 0 0 0J 0 0 0- 0 0O 0 0 0 09 0 0{ 0 0 0/ 0 0 0>] 0 0 0u 0W! 09" 0# 0# 0$ 02% 0% 0:& 0Y& 0_J' 0 ' 0( 05* B*;, D/e, D+, 0, D/. 0. 06/ 0/ 0:1 0^:1 0<1 1e1U692U>o2U*2 1u2 72L3 0c~3HP Officejet 6500 E710n-z (Network)0(@ Z6Times New Roman RegularX($UKUS.,&j;? >h13|x U*+ (_2623  ..*G+G (_25   /%` ` hp x /23  ../%` ` hp x /   (O$*8+8 (_24  ," hp x ,23  ..," hp x ,  *5+5 (_23 ` ) hp x )23  ..) hp x ) ` *2+2 (_22  &hhp x &23  ..&hhp x &  */+/ (_21  #p x #23  ..#p x #  *,+, (_20 h  p x 23  .. p x h *)+) (_19  pp x 23  ..pp x   *&+& (_18   x 23  .. x   *AA (_17  5+ ` hp x 523  Ԁ5+ ` hp x 5  *GG (_16   /%` ` hp x /23  Ԁ/%` ` hp x /   *88 (_15  ," hp x ,23  Ԁ," hp x ,  *55 (_14 ` ) hp x )23  Ԁ) hp x ) ` *22 (_13  &hhp x &23  Ԁ&hhp x &  *// (_12  #p x #23  Ԁ#p x #  *,, (_11 h  p x 23  Ԁ p x h *)) (_10  pp x 23  Ԁpp x   (&& &_9   x 23  Ԁ x   (AA &_8  5+ ` hp x 523  5+ ` hp x 5  (GG &_7   /%` ` hp x /23  /%` ` hp x /   (88 &_6  ," hp x ,23  ," hp x ,  (55 &_5 ` ) hp x )23  ) hp x ) ` (22 &_4  &hhp x &23  &hhp x &  (// &_3  #p x #23  #p x #  (,, &_2 h  p x 23   p x h ()) &_1  pp x 23  pp x   &&& $_   x 23   x   0AA.Normal  5+ ` hp x 55+ ` hp x 5  <AA:Definition T  5+ ` hp x 55+ ` hp x 5  <AA:Definition L , 5+ ` hp x 5  5+ ` hp x 586Definition(hh&H1  5+ ` hp x 5      5+ ` hp x 5  (]]&H2  5+ ` hp x 5  5+ ` hp x 5  (]]&H3  5+ ` hp x 5  5+ ` hp x 5  (]]&H4  5+ ` hp x 5 XXX 5+ ` hp x 5  (]]&H5  5+ ` hp x 5  5+ ` hp x 5  (]]&H6  5+ ` hp x 5  5+ ` hp x 5  2DD0Address  5+ ` hp x 55+ ` hp x 5  8MM6Blockquote , , 5+ ` hp x 5   5+ ` hp x 5,*CITE,dl*CODEKH<6X9`(Courier NewKSI\  `&Times New RomanS42Emphasis64Hyperlink    <:FollowedHype    4go2Keyboard KH<6X9`(Courier NewKSI\  `&Times New RomanS <:Preformatted  /%  ,Kk %#/KH<6X9`(Courier NewKSI\  `&Times New RomanS/%  ,Kk %#/  <:zBottom of 7=(X7    5+ ` hp x 5?J%2A`Arial?  SI\  `&Times New RomanS7>(X75+ ` hp x 5  &  d d<)1dxd'dxd<:zTop of For7@(X7    5+ ` hp x 5?J%2A`Arial?  SI\  `&Times New RomanS7>(X75+ ` hp x 5  <)2dxd0KS.SampleKH<6X9`(Courier NewKSI\  `&Times New RomanS0.Strong 8dl6TypewriterKH<6X9`(Courier NewKSI\  `&Times New RomanS42Variable: 8HTML MarkupB      2 0CommentB   35;AGMSY_11.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.<6X9`(Courier New\  `&Times New Roman%2A`Arial3#37=CIQYag1.a.i.(1)(a)(i)1)a)Ki)(;3$2#  0  .3  0  !UKUS.,  _ USUK.,:XX  8XXdd8CZECHREPUBLIC#XX:R#UK.,US.,@USUK.,  qCCPR   UK.,US., RESERVATIONSANDDECLARATIONS     (Unlessotherwiseindicated,thereservationsanddeclarationsweremadeuponratification, t  accessionorsuccession)USUK., `    Note 8  CzechoslovakiahadsignedandratifiedtheConventionon7October1968and23December1975, `  respectively,withreservationsanddeclarations.Forthetextsofthereservationsanddeclarations L  madeuponsignatureandratification,seeUnitedNations,TreatySeries,vol.999,pp.283and289. 8  0  [Ed.note:asfollows: (#(# 0  TheCzechoslovakSocialistRepublicdeclaresthattheprovisionsofarticle48,paragraph  1,oftheInternationalCovenantonCivilandPoliticalRightsareincontradictionwiththe  principlethatallStateshavetherighttobecomepartiestomultilateraltreatiesgoverning p mattersofgeneralinterest.\(#(# 0  "HavingexaminedthisCovenantandknowingthattheFederalAssemblyofthe 4 CzechoslovakSocialistRepublichasgivenitsconsentthereto,weherebyapproveand  p confirmit.ConfirmingthisCovenant,wedeclarethattheprovisionofArticle48,paragraph  \ 1,isincontradictionwiththeprinciplethatallStateshavetherighttobecomepartiesto H multilateraltreatiesregulatingmattersofgeneralinterest."]4(#(# Subsequently,on12March1991,theGovernmentofCzechoslovakiahaddeclaredthefollowing:   [TheCzechandSlovakFederalRepublic]recognizesthecompetenceoftheHumanRights  Committeeestablishedonthebasisofarticle28oftheCovenanttoreceiveandconsider   communicationstotheeffectthataStatePartyclaimsthatanotherStatePartyisnotfulfillingits l! obligationsundertheCovenant. X"  Further,on7June1991,theGovernmentofCzechoslovakiahadmadethefollowingobjection: 0$" "TheGovernmentoftheCzechandSlovakFederalRepublicconsidersthereservationsenteredby &X!$ theGovernmentoftheRepublicofKoreatotheprovisionsofparagraphs5and7ofarticle14and &D"% article22oftheInternationalCovenantonCivilandPoliticalRightsasincompatiblewiththeobject '0#& andpurposeoftheCovenant.IntheopinionoftheCzechoslovakGovernmentthesereservationsare ($' incontradictiontothegenerallyrecognizedprincipleofinternationallawaccordingtowhichastate )%( cannotinvoketheprovisionsofitsowninternallawasjustificationforitsfailuretoperformatreaty. *%)  +&* "Therefore,theCzechandSlovakFederalRepublicdoesnotrecognizethesereservationsasvalid.  Neverthelessthepresentdeclarationwillnotbedeemedtobeanobstacletotheentryintoforceof  theCovenantbetweentheCzechandSlovakFederalRepublicandtheRepublicofKorea."  Seealsonote1under CzechRepublicandnote1under Slovakiainthe HistoricalInformation ` sectioninthefrontmatterofUK.,US.,G[theelectronicversiononthewebsiteoftheMultilateralTreaties L  DepositedwiththeSecretaryGeneral;USUK.,http://treaties.un.org/pages/HistoricalInfo.aspxUK.,US., _]). 8    [Ed.note:Note1underCzechRepublicisasfollows:  `   CzechRepublic  8    Note1 $  0  Inaletterdated16February1993,receivedbytheSecretary-Generalon22February1993   andaccompaniedbyalistofmultilateraltreatiesdepositedwiththeSecretary-General,the   GovernmentoftheCzechRepublicnotifiedthat: (#(# 0  "Inconformitywiththevalidprinciplesofinternationallawandtotheextentdefinedbyit, \ theCzechRepublic,asasuccessorStatetotheCzechandSlovakFederalRepublic, H considersitselfbound,asof1January1993,i.e.,thedateofthedissolutionoftheCzechand 4 SlovakFederalRepublic,bymultilateralinternationaltreatiestowhichtheCzechand  p SlovakFederalRepublicwasapartyonthatdate,includingreservationsanddeclarations  \ totheirprovisionsmadeearlierbytheCzechandSlovakFederalRepublic.H(#(# 0  TheGovernmentoftheCzechRepublichaveexaminedmultilateraltreatiesthelistofwhich   isattachedtothisletter.[TheGovernmentoftheCzechRepublic]considerstobeboundby   thesetreatiesaswellasbyallreservationsanddeclarationstothembyvirtueofsuccession  asof1January1993.(#(# 0  TheCzechRepublic,inaccordancewiththewellestablishedprinciplesofinternationallaw, l recognizessignaturesmadebytheCzechandSlovakFederalRepublicinrespectofall X  signedtreatiesasiftheyweremadebyitself."D!(#(# 0  Inviewoftheinformationabove,entriesinstatuslistspertainingtoformalities(i.e., #l! signatures,ratifications,accessions,declarationsandreservations,etc.)effectedbythe $X" formerCzechoslovakiapriortodissolution,inrespectoftreatiestowhichtheCzech $D # Republicand-orSlovakiahavesucceeded,willbereplacedbythenameof"CzechRepublic" %0!$ and-or"Slovakia"withthecorrespondingdateofdepositofthenotificationofsuccession. &"% AfootnotewillindicatethedateandtypeofformalityeffectedbytheformerCzechoslovakia, '#& thecorrespondingindicatorbeinginsertednextto"CzechRepublic"and"Slovakia"asthe (#' casemaybe.)$((#(# 0  Asregardstreatiesinrespectofwhichformalitieswereeffectedbytheformer h+&* CzechoslovakiaandnotlistedinthenotificationofsuccessionbyeithertheCzechRepublic  orSlovakia,afootnoteindicatingthedateandtypeofformalityeffectedbytheformer  Czechoslovakiawillbeincludedinthestatusofthetreatiesconcerned,thecorresponding  footnoteindicatorbeinginsertednexttotheheading"Participant".Seealso Slovakiain t thissection[Ed:note:seeimmediatelybelow.]`(#(# 0  ForinformationonthetreatmentoftreatyactionsbypredecessorStatesandsuccessor 8  Statesinthestatustables,seePartC,"Statustables"ofthe"Introduction"to[theelectronic $ t versiononthewebsiteUSUK.,ԀoftheMultilateralTreatiesDepositedwiththeSecretaryGeneral;UK.,US.,  ` USUK.,http://treaties.un.org/pages/HistoricalInfo.aspxUK.,US.,L]. L (#(#   [Ed.note:Note1underSlovakiaisasfollows: $  0  0` (#(# ` (#` (#   Slovakia     Note1   0  Inaletterdated19May1993andalsoaccompaniedbyalistofmultilateraltreaties \ depositedwiththeSecretary-General,receivedbytheSecretary-Generalon28May1993, H theGovernmentoftheSlovakRepublicnotifiedthat:4(#(# 0  "Inaccordancewiththerelevantprinciplesandrulesofinternationallawandtotheextent  \ definedbyit,theSlovakRepublic,asasuccessorState,bornfromthedissolutionofthe H CzechandSlovakFederalRepublic,considersitselfbound,asofJanuary1,1993,i.e.,the 4 dateonwhichtheSlovakRepublicassumedresponsibilityforitsinternationalrelations,by   multilateraltreatiestowhichtheCzechandSlovakFederalRepublicwasapartyasof31   December1992,includingreservationsanddeclarationsmadeearlierbyCzechoslovakia,  aswellasobjectionsbyCzechoslovakiatoreservationsformulatedbyothertreaty-parties.(#(# 0  TheSlovakRepublicwishesfurthertomaintainitsstatusasacontractingStateofthe l treatiestowhichCzechoslovakiawasacontractingStateandwhichwerenotyetinforceat X  thedateofthedissolutionoftheCzechandSlovakFederalRepublic,aswellasthestatus D! ofasignatoryStateofthetreatieswhichwerepreviouslysignedbutnotratifiedby 0"  CzechoslovakiaaslistedintheAnnextothisletter."#l!(#(# 0  Inviewoftheinformationabove,entriesinstatuslistspertainingtoformalities(i.e., $D # signatures,ratifications,accessions,declarationsandreservations,etc.)effectedbythe %0!$ formerCzechoslovakiapriortodissolution,inrespectoftreatiestowhichtheCzech &"% Republicand/orSlovakiahavesucceeded,willbereplacedbythenameof"CzechRepublic" '#& and/or"Slovakia"withthecorrespondingdateofdepositofthenotificationofsuccession. (#' AfootnotewillindicatethedateandtypeofformalityeffectedbytheformerCzechoslovakia, )$( thecorrespondingindicatorbeinginsertednextto"CzechRepublic"and"Slovakia"asthe |*%) casemay_be.h+&*(#(# Ї0  Asregardstreatiesinrespectofwhichformalitieswereeffectedbytheformer  CzechoslovakiaandnotlistedinthenotificationofsuccessionbyeithertheCzechRepublic  orSlovakia,afootnoteindicatingthedateandtypeofformalityeffectedbytheformer  Czechoslovakiawillbeincludedinthestatusofthetreatiesconcerned,thecorresponding t footnoteindicatorbeinginsertednexttotheheading"Participant".`(#(#   Seealso"CzechRepublic"inthissection.[Ed.Note:seeabove] 8  0  ForinformationonthetreatmentoftreatyactionsbypredecessorStatesandsuccessor  ` Statesinthestatustables,seePartC,"Statustables"ofthe"Introduction"to[theelectronic  L  versiononthewebsiteUSUK.,ԀoftheMultilateralTreatiesDepositedwiththeSecretaryGeneral;UK.,US.,-USUK.,  8  http://treaties.un.org/pages/HistoricalInfo.aspxUK.,US.,i.USUK.,].UK.,US.,.USUK.,$ (#(# UK.,US.,/(Note7,ChapterIV.4,MultilateralTreatiesDepositedwiththeSecretaryGeneral)    USUK.,OBJECTIONSMADETOOTHERSTATESPARTIESRESERVATIONSAND   DECLARATIONS UK.,US.,/ p (Ed.Note:forthetexttargetedbythefollowingobjections,seetheReservationsandDeclarations \ oftheStatewhichisthesubjectoftheobjection) H USUK.,12September2007  p WithregardtothereservationmadebyMaldivesuponaccession: H "TheGovernmentoftheCzechRepublichascarefullyexaminedthecontentsofthereservationmade   bytheRepublicofMaldivesuponaccessiontotheInternationalCovenantonCivilandPolitical   Rights,adoptedon16December1966,inrespectofArticle18thereof.  TheGovernmentoftheCzechRepublicisoftheopinionthattheaforementionedreservationisin  contradictionwiththegeneralprincipleoftreatyinterpretationaccordingtowhichaStatepartyto l atreatymaynotinvoketheprovisionsofitsinternallawasjustificationforfailuretoperform X  accordingtotheobligationssetoutbythetreaty.Furthermore,thereservationconsistsofageneral D! referencetotheConstitutionwithoutspecifyingitscontentandassuchdoesnotclearlydefineto 0"  otherPartiestotheCovenanttheextenttowhichthereservingStatecommitsitselftotheCovenant. #l! TheGovernmentoftheCzechRepublicrecallsthatitisinthecommoninterestofStatesthattreaties $D # towhichtheyhavechosentobecomepartyarerespected,astotheirobjectandpurpose,byall %0!$ partiesandthatStatesarepreparedtoundertakeanylegislativechangesnecessarytocomplywith &"% theirobligationsunderthetreaties.Accordingtocustomaryinternationallawascodifiedinthe '#& ViennaConventionontheLawofTreaties,areservationthatisincompatiblewiththeobjectand (#' purposeofatreatyshallnotbepermitted. )$( TheGovernmentoftheCzechRepublicthereforeobjectstotheaforesaidreservationmadeby_the h+&* RepublicofMaldivestotheCovenant.Thisobjectionshallnotprecludetheentryintoforceofthe  CovenantbetweentheCzechRepublicandtheRepublicofMaldives,withouttheRepublicof  Maldivesbenefittingfromitsreservation.  UK.,US.,L1/  ***** ` a:020June2011 8   TheCzechRepublicbelievesthatthereservationsofPakistanmadetoArticles3,6,7,12,13,18,  ` 19,25and40oftheCovenant,ifputintopractice,wouldresultinweakeningoftherelevanthuman  L  rights,whichiscontrarytotheobjectandpurposeoftheCovenant.Furthermore,Pakistansupports  8  thesereservationsbyreferencestoitsdomesticlaw,whichis,intheopinionoftheCzechRepublic, $  unacceptableundercustomaryinternationallaw,ascodifiedinArticle27oftheViennaConvention   ontheLawofTreaties.Finally,thereservationstoArticles3,6,7,18and19thatrefertothenotions   suchas _Sharia_Ԁlawand ProvisionsoftheConstitutionofPakistan;thereservationstoArticles   12and25thatrefertothenotionssuchas lawrelatingtoforeignerswithoutspecifyingits   contents,donotclearlydefinefortheotherStatesPartiestotheCovenanttheextenttowhichthe p reservingStatehasacceptedtheobligationsundertheCovenant. \ ItisinthecommoninterestofStatesthattreatiestowhichtheyhavechosentobecomepartiesare 4 respectedastotheirobjectandpurpose,byallparties,andthatStatesarepreparedtoundertakeany  p legislativechangesnecessarytocomplywiththeirobligationsunderthetreaties.Accordingto  \ Article28paragraph2oftheConventionandaccordingtocustomaryinternationallawascodified H intheViennaConventionontheLawofTreaties,areservationthatisincompatiblewiththeobject 4 andpurposeofatreatyshallnotbepermitted.   TheCzechRepublic,therefore,objectstotheaforesaidreservationsmadebyPakistantothe  Covenant.ThisobjectionshallnotprecludetheentryintoforceoftheConventionbetweenthe  CzechRepublicandPakistan.TheCovenantentersintoforceinitsentiretybetweentheCzech  RepublicandPakistan,withoutPakistanbenefitingfromitsreservation. l :  ***** D! C:1DNote #l!   ThesignaturewaseffectedbyDemocraticKampuchea.InthisregardtheSecretary-Generalreceived, $D # on5November1980,thefollowingcommunicationfromtheGovernmentofMongolia: %0!$ "TheGovernmentoftheMongolianPeople'sRepublicconsidersthatonlythePeople'sRevolutionary '#& CouncilofKampucheaasthesoleauthenticandlawfulrepresentativeoftheKampucheanpeople (#' hastherighttoassumeinternationalobligationsonbehalfoftheKampucheanpeople.Therefore )$( theGovernmentoftheMongolianPeople'sRepublicconsidersthatthesignatureoftheHuman |*%) RightsCovenantsbytherepresentativeoftheso-calledDemocraticKampuchea,a_rgime_Ԁthatceased h+&* toexistasaresultofthepeople'srevolutioninKampuchea,isnullandvoid.   ThesigningoftheHumanRightsCovenantsbyanindividual,whose_rgime_Ԁduringitsshortperiod  ofreigninKampucheahadexterminatedabout3millionpeopleandhadthusgrosslyviolatedthe t elementarynormsofhumanrights,eachandeveryprovisionoftheHumanRightsCovenantsisa ` regrettableprecedence,whichdiscreditsthenobleaimsandloftyprinciplesoftheUnitedNations L  Charter,theveryspiritoftheabove-mentionedCovenants,gravelyimpairstheprestigeoftheUnited 8  Nations." $ t rD  Thereafter,similarcommunicationswerereceivedfromtheGovernmentofthefollowingStateson  L  thedatesindicatedandtheirtextswerecirculatedasdepositarynotificationsor,attherequestofthe  8  Statesconcerned,asofficialdocumentsoftheGeneralAssembly(A/33/781andA/35/784):USUK., $  J_State_0  0` (#(#0 ` (#` (#0 (# (# h Dateofreceipt (#(# GermanDemocraticRepublic0 h 11Dec1980UK.,US.,LUSUK., h(#h(# Poland0 ` 0 ` (#` (#0 (# (#0h(#(#12Dec1980UK.,US.,RMUSUK.,\h(#h(# Ukraine0 ` 0 ` (#` (#0 (# (#0h(#(#16Dec1980UK.,US.,MUSUK.,4h(#h(# Hungary0 ` 0 ` (#` (#0 (# (#0h(#(#19Jan1981UK.,US.,NUSUK., \h(#h(# Bulgaria0 ` 0 ` (#` (#0 (# (#0h(#(#29Jan1981UK.,US.,JOUSUK.,4h(#h(# Belarus0 ` 0 ` (#` (#0 (# (#0h(#(#18Feb1981UK.,US.,OUSUK., h(#h(# dddRussianFederation0 0 (# (#0h(#(#UK.,US.,PUSUK.,18Feb1981dUK.,US.,=QUSUK.,h(#h(# CzechoslovakiaUK.,US.,{QUSUK.,0 0 (# (#0h(#(#10Mar1981]UK.,US.,Qlh(#h(# USUK.,(Note3,ChapterIV.4,MultilateralUK.,US.,dRTreatiesDepositedwiththeSecretaryGeneral) X    ***** 0"   SUSUK.,  Note $X" UK.,US.,CS[TheCovenantwas][_s]igned_ԀonbehalfoftheRepublicofChinaon5October1967.Seenote1 %0!$ under"China"inthe"HistoricalInformation"sectioninthefrontmatterofUSUK.,Ԁ[theelectronicversion &"% onthewebsiteoftheMultilateralTreatiesDepositedwiththeSecretaryGeneral; '#& UK.,US.,TUSUK.,http://treaties.un.org/pages/HistoricalInfo.aspxUK.,US.,IUUSUK.,].UK.,US.,UUSUK., (#' [Ed.note:note1underChinaisasfollows: |*%) _ h+&* China  Note1  UK.,US.,UUSUK.,Signatures,ratifications,accessions,etc.onbehalfofChina. ` ChinaisanoriginalMemberoftheUnitedNations,theCharterhavingbeensignedandratifiedon 8  itsbehalf,on26Juneand28September1945,respectively,bytheGovernmentoftheRepublicof $ t China,whichcontinuedtorepresentChinaintheUnitedNationsuntil25October1971.  ` On25October1971,theGeneralAssemblyoftheUnitedNationsadopteditsresolution2758  8  (XXVI),readingasfollows: $  "TheGeneralAssembly.   RecallingtheprinciplesoftheCharteroftheUnitedNations,   ConsideringthattherestorationofthelawfulrightsofthePeoplesRepublicofChinaisessential \ bothfortheprotectionoftheCharteroftheUnitedNationsandforthecausethattheUnited H NationsmustserveundertheCharter, 4 RecognizingthattherepresentativesoftheGovernmentofthePeoplesRepublicofChinaarethe  \ onlylawfulrepresentativesofChinatotheUnitedNationsandthatthePeoplesRepublicofChina H isoneofthefivepermanentmembersoftheSecurityCouncil, 4 DecidestorestoreallitsrightstothePeoplesRepublicofChinaandtorecognizethe   representativesofitsGovernmentastheonlylegitimaterepresentativesofChinatotheUnited  Nations,andtoexpelforthwiththerepresentativesofChiangKaishekfromtheplacewhichthey  unlawfullyoccupyattheUnitedNationsandinalltheorganizationsrelatedtoit."  TheUnitedNationshadbeennotifiedon18November1949oftheformation,on1October1949, X  oftheCentralPeoplesGovernmentofthePeoplesRepublicofChina.Proposalstoeffectachange D! intherepresentationofChinaintheUnitedNationssubsequenttothattimewerenotapproveduntil 0"  theresolutionquotedabovewasadopted. #l! On29September1972,acommunicationwasreceivedbytheSecretaryGeneralfromtheMinister $D # forForeignAffairsofthePeoplesRepublicofChinastating: %0!$ "1.Withregardtothemultilateraltreatiessigned,ratifiedoraccededtobythedefunctChinese '#& governmentbeforetheestablishmentoftheGovernmentofthePeoplesRepublicofChina,my (#' Governmentwillexaminetheircontentsbeforemakingadecisioninthelightofthecircumstances )$( astowhetherornottheyshouldberecognized. |*%)  h+&* 2.AsfromOctober1,1949,thedayofthefoundingofthePeoplesRepublicofChina,theChiang  KaishekcliquehasnorightatalltorepresentChina.Itssignatureandratificationof,oraccession  to,anymultilateraltreatiesbyusurpingthenameofChinaareallillegalandnullandvoid.My  Governmentwillstudythesemultilateraltreatiesbeforemakingadecisioninthelightofthe t circumstancesastowhetherornottheyshouldbeaccededto." ` AllentriesrecordedthroughoutthispublicationinrespectofChinarefertoactionstakenbythe 8  authoritiesrepresentingChinaintheUnitedNationsatthetimeofthoseactions.] $ t UK.,US.,VWithreferencetotheabove-mentionedsignature,communicationshavebeenaddressedtothe  L  Secretary-GeneralbythePermanentRepresentativesofPermanentMissionstotheUnitedNations  8  ofBulgaria,ByelorussianSSR,Czechoslovakia,Mongolia,Romania,theUkrainianSSR,theUnion $  ofSovietSocialistRepublicsandYugoslavia,statingthattheirGovernmentsdidnotrecognizethe   saidsignatureasvalidsincetheonlyGovernmentauthorizedtorepresentChinaandtoassume   obligationsonitsbehalfwastheGovernmentofthePeople'sRepublicofChina.   InlettersaddressedtotheSecretary-Generalinregardtotheabove-mentionedcommunications,the p PermanentRepresentativeofChinatotheUnitedNationsstatedthattheRepublicofChina,a \ sovereignStateandMemberoftheUnitedNations,hadattendedthetwenty-firstregularsessionof H theGeneralAssemblyoftheUnitedNationsandcontributedtotheformulationof,andsignedthe 4 CovenantsandtheOptionalProtocolconcerned,andthat"anystatementsorreservationsrelating  p totheabove-mentionedCovenantsandOptionalProtocolthatareincompatiblewithorderogatory  \ tothelegitimatepositionoftheGovernmentoftheRepublicofChinashallinnowayaffectthe H rightsandobligationsoftheRepublicofChinaundertheseCovenantsandOptionalProtocol". 4 (Note5,ChapterIV.4,MultilateralTreatiesDepositedwiththeSecretaryGeneral)   YS  *****  $l  Note  ThereservationwaslodgedwiththeSecretaryGeneralon4December2006byBahrain,following X  itsaccessiontotheCovenanton20September2006. D! Inkeepingwiththedepositarypracticefollowedinsimilarcases,theSecretaryGeneralproposed #l! toreceivethereservationinquestionfordepositintheabsenceofanyobjectiononthepartofany $X" oftheContractingStates,eithertothedeposititselfortotheprocedureenvisaged,withinaperiod $D # of12monthsfromthedateofthepresentdepositarynotification.Intheabsenceofanysuch %0!$ objection,theabovereservationwouldbeacceptedindepositupontheexpirationoftheabove &"% stipulated12monthperiod,thatison28December2007. '#& Inviewofthebelowobjections,theSecretaryGeneraldidnotacceptthereservationmadeby )$( Bahrainindeposit.TheSecretaryGeneralreceivedthefollowingobjectionsonthedatesindicated |*%) hereinafter: h+&* ...   CzechRepublic (12September2007):  "TheGovernmentoftheCzechRepublichascarefullyexaminedthecontentsofreservationmade x bytheKingdomofBahraintotheInternationalCovenantonCivilandPoliticalRights,adoptedon d 16December1966,inrespectofArticles3,18and23thereof.Sincethereservationwasmadeafter P  theaccessionoftheKingdomofBahraintotheCovenant,theGovernmentoftheCzechRepublic <  considersthatthereservationwastoolateandthereforeinconsistentwitharticle19oftheVienna ( x ConventionontheLawofTreaties.  d FurthermoretheGovernmentoftheCzechRepublicisoftheopinionthattheaforementioned  <  reservationisincontradictionwiththegeneralprincipleoftreatyinterpretationaccordingtowhich (  aStatepartytoatreatymaynotinvoketheprovisionsofitsinternallawasjustificationforfailure   toperformaccordingtotheobligationssetoutbythetreaty.Furthermore,thereservationconsists   ofageneralreferencetotheConstitutionwithoutspecifyingitscontentandassuchdoesnotclearly   definetootherPartiestotheCovenanttheextenttowhichthereservingStatecommitsitselftothe   Covenant. t TheGovernmentoftheCzechRepublicrecallsthatitisinthecommoninterestofStatesthattreaties L towhichtheyhavechosentobecomepartyarerespected,astotheirobjectandpurpose,byall 8 partiesandthatStatesarepreparedtoundertakeanylegislativechangesnecessarytocomplywith $t theirobligationsunderthetreaties.Accordingtocustomaryinternationallawascodifiedinthe ` ViennaConventionontheLawofTreaties,areservationthatisincompatiblewiththeobjectand L purposeofatreatyshallnotbepermitted. 8 TheGovernmentoftheCzechRepublicthereforeobjectstotheaforesaidreservationmadebythe  KingdomofBahraintotheCovenant.Thisobjectionshallnotprecludetheentryintoforceofthe  CovenantbetweentheCzechRepublicandtheKingdomofBahrain,withouttheKingdomof  Bahrainbenefitingfromitsreservation."  ... p (Note15,ChapterIV.4,MultilateralTreatiesDepositedwiththeSecretaryGeneral) \    ***** 4"  l{(Ed.note:forotherobjections,seeNoteunderReservationsandDeclarations,above)  $\"  DECLARATIONRE:ARTICLE41  & "% (Ed.note:seeNoteunderReservationsandDeclarations,above) ' #&