ÿWPCo* ÂkÁëføxNØîo‚»fy¨votKùÚ«OØîZÇ~ må)fé1dV1ÄÖb*?àaV|ÄŠ£ðO¼Në3R nª£©—’žf’^¨?ˆ½nERÎ Kï“£´÷Mg¨U7D:¸Ž” ƒÀÔvJF¶W«J0àù7S˜N[‡UáýPõ|̨Tª#˜:Ôô ‹êy{ÚnÇíÇ"ËN,êQ¹ÉC’n—×½muŒ”´y¿a)BÛ+ ŽÁÖô¸ 9ñ)³ï{†Þ`b[b-¥¾Ñ’Õ¿ h·Jš ˆ ÑeüëÒäx€n= Î2Q)"ÞŸÛ®E¿¶Qi0Ù%ð÷š<å4_EêM‡h‹3Q‚ëËͦ†´¦ÄaÊÎ¥œ­f6V:ZkTDÒµ.Âk¯ Z85xpYÓl±Ï•ÜïV=ýë`¨Ý0ÓTëS¬eÇzÒõŠ_ÞútxÖÅaU6ÑGÛN©GŠ«Ø6W…ö×@ò6­il+&y|MÉ$#Õ¿ŠË¼½ñ»Ì1X‘–Œê `}\’ï¾çOÚ³¢ª¸w–Ÿ-Z€ æß›(æ•‘ÇmÆÜ ©Ž/{—£PE¤ú‰œ‚™Nu¯¿÷™¢ß9sMŽ#ÉÄ%UN( %Û( 0:á(N)^ )w))4-)A)P) mR)R)R)R)R)R)R)R)R)R)R)R)R)R)R)R)R)R)R)R)R) 0²i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i)i) 0T*˜HP PSC 2350 seriesTŽ––––TŽ0(@øÐ Z‹6Times New Roman RegularX(ûœ$¡¡ÔUKUS.,Ôtn¹4‡ K4Ÿ3|xÿU‹ÿÀÀÀ0AAÿÿ.NormalÓ  ÓÓ5+° °` ¸ hÀpÈ xÐ 5ÓÓ5+° °` ¸ hÀpÈ xÐ 5ÓÓ  Ó(Wþ“$ÅÅò òòòÔ  ÔÔ ò Ôó óóóÝ ƒûœ!ÝÔUKUS.,ÔÝ  ÝÔ_ÔÔUSUK.,Ôò òÓ  ÓÔ‡¼ü »XXÔÑ8€«îXXdìdÈ8ÑECUADORÔ#†X«îX»¼ü ^#Ôó óÐ ° ÐÓRÓÓÓÌÓÓÔUK.,US.,=Ôò òÔUSUK.,ÔCCPRÐ ° Ðó óÌò òòòDECLARATION€RE:€ARTICLE€41Ð ˆØ Ðóóó óÌÓ  Ó6€August€1984Ð ` ° ÐÌThe€Government€of€Ecuador€recognizes€the€competence€of€the€Human€Rights€Committee€to€receiveÐ 8 ˆ Ðand€consider€communications€to€the€effect€that€a€State€Party€claims€that€another€State€Party€is€notÐ $ t  Ðfulfilling€its€obligations€under€the€aforementioned€Covenant,€as€provided€for€in€paragraph€1€(a),€(b),Ð `  Ð(c),€(d),€(e),€(f),€(g)€and€(h)€of€that€article.Ð üL  ÐÌThis€recognition€of€competence€is€effective€for€an€indefinite€period€and€is€subject€to€the€provisionsÐ Ô$  Ðof€article€41,€paragraph€2,€of€the€International€Covenant€on€Civil€and€Political€Rights.Ð À  ÐÔUK.,US.,EÔÓ°ÓÔUSUK.,ÔÌÌò òòòÓ  ÓDEROGATIONS:€NOTIFICATIONS€UNDER€ARTICLE€4€(3)€OF€THE€COVENANTÐ „Ô Ðó óóóÌ12€May€1983Ð \¬ ÐÌThe€Government€declared€the€extension€of€the€state€of€emergency€as€from€20€to€25€October€1982Ð 4„ Ðby€Executive€DecreeNo.€1252€of€20€October€1982€and€derogation€from€article€12€(1)€owing€toÐ  p Ðserious€disorders€brought€about€by€thesuppression€of€subsidies,€and€termination€of€the€state€ofÐ  \ Ðemergency€by€Executive€Decree€No.€1274€of€27€October€1982.Ð øH ÐÌÓ´ÓÓ  Ó*****Ð Ð  ÐÓòÓÓÓÌ20€March€1984Ð ¨ø ÐÌDerogation€from€articles€9€(1)€and€(2);€12€(1)€and€(3);€17;€19€(2)€and€21€in€the€provinces€of€Napo€andÐ € Ð ÐEsmeraldas€by€Executive€Decree€No.€2511€of€16€March€1984€owing€to€destruction€and€sabotage€inÐ l!¼ Ðthese€areas.Ð X"¨  ÐÌÓ(ÓÓ  Ó*****Ð 0$€" ÐÓ{ÓÓÓÌ29€March€1984Ð &X!$ ÐÌTermination€of€the€state€of€emergency€by€Executive€Decree€No.€2537€of€27€March€1984.Ð à'0#& ÐÌÓ±ÓÓ  Ó*****Ð ¸)%( ÐÓ_ ÓÓ ÓÌÐ +à&* Ð17€March€1986Ð ° Ð(Dated€14€March€1986)Ð œì ÐÌDeclaration€of€the€State€of€emergency€in€the€provinces€of€Pichincha€and€Manabi€due€to€the€acts€ofÐ tÄ Ðsubversion€and€armeduprising€by€a€high-ranking€officer€no€longer€on€active€service,€backed€byÐ `° Ðextremist€groups;€thereby€derogations€fromarticles€12,€21€and€22,€it€being€understood€that€noÐ L œ ÐEcuadorian€may€be€exiled€or€deported€outside€the€capitals€of€theprovinces€or€to€a€region€other€thanÐ 8 ˆ Ðthe€one€in€which€he€lives.à  àÐ $ t ÐÌÓ• ÓÓ  Ó*****Ð ü L  ÐÓ* ÓÓ ÓÌ19€March€1986Ð Ô$  Ð(Dated€18€March€1986)Ð À  ÐÌEnd€of€State€of€emergency€as€from€17€March€1986.Ð ˜è  ÐÌÓ` ÓÓ  Ó*****Ð pÀ ÐÓ ÓÓ ÓÌ29€October€1987Ð H˜ Ð(Dated€28€October€1987)Ð 4„ ÐÌDeclaration€of€a€state€of€national€emergency€throughout€the€national€territory,€effective€as€of€28Ð  \ ÐOctober€1987.€[Derogation€from€articles€9€(1)€and€(2);€12€(1)€and€(2);€19€(2);€and€21.]Ð øH ÐÌThe€notification€states€that€this€measure€was€made€necessary€as€a€result€of€an€illegal€call€for€aÐ Ð  Ðnational€strike€which€would€lead€to€acts€of€vandalism,€offences€against€persons€and€property€andÐ ¼  Ðwould€disrupt€the€peace€of€the€State€and€the€proper€exercise€of€the€civic€rights€of€Ecuadorians.Ð ¨ø ÐÌÓJ ÓÓ  Ó*****Ð €Ð ÐÓÓÓÓÌ30€October€1987Ð X ¨ ÐÌTermination€of€the€state€of€emergency€throughout€the€national€territory€as€from€0€hour€on€29€OctoberÐ 0"€  Ð1987.Ð #l! ÐÌÓ7ÓÓ  Ó*****Ð ô$D # ÐÓÓÓÓÌ3€June€1988Ð Ì&"% Ð(Dated€1€June€1988)Ð ¸'#& ÐÌDeclaration€of€a€state€of€national€emergency€throughout€the€national€territory,€effective€as€of€9€p.m.Ð )à$( Ðon€31€May€1988.€[Derogation€from€articles€9€(1)€and€(2);€12€(1)€and€(2);€19€(2);€and€21.]Ð |*Ì%) ÐÐ h+¸&* ÐThe€notification€states€that€this€measure€is€the€necessary€legal€response€to€the€24€hour€strike€calledÐ ° Ðfor€by€the€United€Workers€Front,€which€would€result€in€acts€of€vandalism,€violation€of€the€securityÐ œì Ðof€persons€and€attacks€on€public€and€private€property.Ð ˆØ ÐÌÓGÓÓ  Ó*****Ð `° ÐÓîÓÓÓÌ(Dated€2€June€1988)Ð 8 ˆ ÐÌTermination€of€the€state€of€emergency€throughout€the€national€territory€as€from€1€June€1988.Ð  ` ÐÌÓ$ÓÓ  Ó*****Ð è 8  ÐÓàÓÓÓÌ14€January€1999Ð À  Ð(Dated€12€January€1999)€Ð ¬ü  ÐÌDeclaration€of€a€state€of€emergency€in€Guayas€province,€indicating€the€the€measures€werepromptedÐ „Ô  Ðby€the€serious€internal€disturbance€resulting€from€the€massive€crime€wave€in€Guayas€Province.€Ð pÀ ÐÌSubsequently,€theGovernment€of€Ecuador€specified€that€the€provisions€from€which€it€has€derogatedÐ H˜ Ðare€articles€12€(1)€and€17€(1)€of€theCovenant.Ð 4„ ÐÌÓÓÓ  Ó*****Ð  \ ÐÓ.ÓÓÓÌ16€March€1999Ð ä4 Ð(Dated€15€March€1999)Ð Ð  ÐÌDecree€No.€681€by€the€President€of€the€Republic€dated€9€March€1999€by€which€a€state€of€nationalÐ ¨ø Ðemergency€wasdeclared€and€the€entire€territory€of€the€Republic€established€as€a€security€zone,€asÐ ”ä Ðfrom€9€March€1999.Ð €Ð ÐÌÓdÓÓ  Ó*****Ð X ¨ ÐÓçÓÓÓÌ12€April€1999Ð 0"€  Ð(Dated€22€March€1999)Ð #l! ÐÌDecree€No.€717€by€the€President€of€the€Republic€dated€18€March€1999€by€which€the€state€of€nationalÐ ô$D # Ðemergency€declared€by€Decree€No.€681€dated€9€March€1999,€was€lifted€as€from€18€March€1999.Ð à%0!$ ÐÌÓÓÓ  Ó*****Ð ¸'#& ÐÓrÓÓÓÌÌÌÐ h+¸&* Ð10€September€1999Ð ° Ð(Dated€27€August€1999)Ð œì ÐÌDecree€No.€1041€of€5€July€1999€by€the€President€of€the€Republic,€establishing€a€state€of€emergencyÐ tÄ Ðin€Ecuador€in€respect€of€public€and€private€transport€system€throughout€the€country€during€the€monthÐ `° Ðof€July€1999;Ð L œ ÐÌDecree€No.€1070€of€13€July€1999€by€the€President€of€the€Republic€(following€the€revocation€ofÐ $ t ÐDecree€No.€1041€by€the€National€Congress€on€13€July€1999),€declaring€a€state€of€national€emergencyÐ  ` Ðand€establishing€the€entire€territory€of€the€Republic€as€a€security€zone;€andÐ ü L  ÐÌDecree€No.€1088€of€17€July€1999€by€the€President€of€the€Republic,€lifting€the€state€of€nationalÐ Ô$  Ðemergency€and€rescinding€Decree€No.€1070.€Ð À  ÐÌSubsequently,€the€Government€of€Ecuador€specified€that€the€provisions€from€which€it€had€derogatedÐ ˜è  Ðwere€articles€17€(1),€12€(1),€21€and€22€of€the€Covenant.Ð „Ô  ÐÌÓ¨ÓÓ  Ó*****Ð \¬ ÐÓ ÓÓÓÌ28€December€1999Ð 4„ Ð(Dated€9€December€1999)Ð  p ÐÌEstablishment€of€the€State€of€Emergency€in€the€Guayas€Province€by€Decree€No.€1557€of€30Ð øH ÐNovember€1999€by€thePresident€of€the€Republic€indicating€that€the€measure€was€taken€in€responseÐ ä4 Ðto€the€serious€internal€disturbance€whichproduced€a€massive€crime€wave€that€continues€to€affect€thatÐ Ð  Ðprovince.€The€Decree€states€that€"since€the€state€ofemergency€declared€in€the€Guayas€Province€inÐ ¼  ÐJanuary€1999€(see€notification€of€14€January€1999),€was€ended€therehas€been€an€increase€in€criminalÐ ¨ø Ðactivity€which€as€made€it€clear€that€extraordinary€measures€must€once€again€be€taken...,€itisÐ ”ä Ðnecessary€to€attenuate€the€serious€repercussions€of€the€criminal€activity€in€Guayas€Province€in€orderÐ €Ð Ðto€prevent€anychange€in€the€normal€pattern€of€civil€life...".€Ð l¼ ÐÌSubsequently,€on€28€January€2000,€the€Government€of€Ecuador€specified€that€the€provisions€fromÐ D!” Ðwhich€it€has€derogated€are€articles€12€(1)€and€17€(1)€of€the€Covenant.Ð 0"€  ÐÌÓ?ÓÓ  Ó*****Ð $X" ÐÓ$ÓÓ"ÓÌ1€February€2000Ð à%0!$ Ð(Dated€6€January€2000)Ð Ì&"% ÐÌOn€5€January€2000,€by€Executive€Decree,€the€President€declared€a€state€of€national€emergencyÐ ¤(ô#' Ðestablishing€the€entire€territory€of€the€Republic€as€a€security€zone.€This€measure€was€motivated€byÐ )à$( Ðthe€serious€internal€unrest€caused€by€the€economic€crisis€which€Ecuador€is€experiencing.Ð |*Ì%) ÐÐ h+¸&* ÐThe€Government€of€Ecuador€specified€that€the€provisions€from€which€it€has€derogated€are€articlesÐ ° Ð12€(1),€17€(1),€21€and€22€(1).€Ð œì ÐÌÓD$ÓÓ  Ó*****Ð tÄ ÐÓÊ&ÓÓ(ÓÌOn€21€February€2001,€the€Secretary-General€received€from€the€Government€of€Ecuador€a€notificationÐ L œ Ðdated€16€February€2001,€made€under€article€4€(3)€of€the€above€Covenant,€transmitting€the€text€ofÐ 8 ˆ ÐExecutive€Decree€No.€1214€by€the€President€of€the€Republic€dated€2€February€2001,€by€which€a€stateÐ $ t Ðof€national€emergency€was€declared€and€the€entire€territory€of€the€Republic€was€established€as€aÐ  ` Ðsecurity€zone,€as€from€2€February€2001.€The€said€Decree€stipulates€that€this€measure€was€adoptedÐ ü L  Ðto€overcome€the€adverse€consequences€of€the€economic€crisis€affecting€Ecuador€which€has€createdÐ è 8  Ða€situation€of€serious€internal€unrest.Ð Ô$  ÐÌThe€Government€of€Ecuador€specified€that€the€provisions€from€which€it€has€derogated€are€articlesÐ ¬ü  Ð12,€17€and€21€of€the€Covenant.Ð ˜è  ÐÌOn€21€February€2001,€the€Secretary-General€received€from€the€Government€of€Ecuador€a€notificationÐ pÀ Ðdated€16€February€2001,€made€under€article€4€(3)€of€the€above€Covenant,€transmitting€the€text€ofÐ \¬ ÐExecutive€Decree€No.€1228€by€the€President€of€the€Republic€dated€9€February€2001,€by€which€theÐ H˜ Ðstate€of€national€emergency,€declared€by€Decree€No.€1214€of€2€February€2001,€was€lifted€as€from€9Ð 4„ ÐMarch€2001.Ð  p ÐÓ'ÓÔUK.,US.,šÔÌÓ  Ó*****Ð øH ÐÓÖ,ÓÌ17€July€2002Ð Ð  ÐÌSir,Ð ¨ø ÐÓ  ÓÌIn€accordance€with€article€4€of€the€International€Covenant€on€Civil€and€Political€Rights,€of€whichÐ €Ð ÐEcuador€is€a€State€Party,€and€on€behalf€of€the€national€Government,€I€am€writing€to€notify€you€of€theÐ l¼ Ðdeclarations€of€a€state€of€national€emergency€this€year€declared€by€Dr.€Gustavo€Noboa€Bejarano,Ð X ¨ ÐPresident€of€the€Republic,€in€accordance€with€the€provisions€of€articles€180€and€181€of€theÐ D!” ÐEcuadorian€Constitution€in€force,€and€when€they€were€lifted.€The€details€of€these€declarations€follow:Ð 0"€  ÐÌExecutive€Decree€No.€2404€of€26€February€2002€(Official€Register€No.€525):€A€state€of€emergencyÐ $X" Ðis€declared€in€Sucumbios€and€Orellana€provinces.€The€reason€for€this€measure€is€the€serious€situationÐ ô$D # Ðarising€out€of€problems€of€the€Colombian€conflict€on€the€frontiers;Ð à%0!$ ÐÌExecutive€Decree€No.€2421€of€4€March€2002:€The€state€of€emergency€in€Sucumbios€and€OrellanaÐ ¸'#& Ðprovinces€is€declared€over,€and€accordingly€Executive€Decree€2404€of€22€February€2002€isÐ ¤(ô#' Ðabrogated;Ð )à$( ÐÌExecutive€Decree€No.€2492€of€22€March€2002:€State€of€emergency€in€Esmeraldas,€Guayas€Los€Ô_ÔÔ_ÔRosÔ_Ô,Ð h+¸&* ÐÔ_ÔManabÔ_Ô€and€El€Ô_ÔOroÔ_Ô€provinces.€The€reason€for€this€measure€is€the€severe€storm€on€the€EcuadorianÐ ° Ðcoast.€The€state€of€emergency€was€lifted€on€22€May€pursuant€to€the€legal€provision€embodied€inÐ œì Ðarticle€182,€paragraph€2,€of€the€Ecuadorian€Constitution€to€the€effect€that€"a€decree€of€a€state€ofÐ ˆØ Ðemergency€shall€remain€in€force€for€up€to€a€maximum€of€60€days";Ð tÄ ÐÌExecutive€Decree€No.€2625€of€7€May€2002€(Official€Register€No.€575€of€14€May€2002):€State€ofÐ L œ Ðnational€emergency€in€respect€of€land€transport.€(This€state€of€emergency€has€not€been€lifted€but,€willÐ 8 ˆ Ðlast€until€7€July,€unless€the€President€declares€that€it€is€lifted€in€advance.)Ð $ t ÐÌAccept,€Sir,€the€renewed€assurances€of€my€highest€consideration.Ð ü L  ÐÌòò(Signed)óó€Dr.€Heinz€Ô_ÔMoellerÔ_Ô€Ô_ÔFreileÔ_ÔÐ Ô$  ÐMinister€for€Foreign€AffairsÐ À  ÐÓH-ÓÌÓ  Ó*****Ð ˜è  ÐÓç6ÓÓ  ÓÌ18€August€2005Ð pÀ ÐÌOn€18€August€2005,€the€Secretary„General€received€from€the€Government€of€Ecuador€a€notificationÐ H˜ Ðmade€under€article€4€(3)€of€the€above€Covenant,€notifying€of€the€declaration€of€a€state€of€emergencyÐ 4„ Ðin€Ô_ÔSucumbiosÔ_Ô€and€Ô_ÔOrellanaÔ_Ô€Provinces,€decreed€by€the€President€of€the€Republic€on€17€August€2005,Ð  p Ðin€accordance€with€the€provisions€of€articles€180€and€181€of€the€Ecuadorian€Constitution€in€force.Ð  \ ÐÌThe€Government€of€Ecuador€specified€that€this€measure€was€motivated€by€the€serious€internal€unrestÐ ä4 Ðcaused€by€crime€waves€in€the€aforementioned€provinces.€The€declaration€of€emergency€was€madeÐ Ð  Ðby€means€of€Executive€Decree€No.€426€of€17€August€2005.€Moreover,€the€articles€of€the€CovenantÐ ¼  Ðwhich€were€derogated€from€were€not€indicated.Ð ¨ø ÐÌÓ  Ó*****Ð €Ð ÐÓ;ÓÌ22€August€2005Ð X ¨ ÐÌOn€22€August€2005,€the€Secretary„General€received€from€the€Government€of€Ecuador€notificationsÐ 0"€  Ðmade€under€article€4€(3)€of€the€above€Covenant,€notifying€of€the€declaration€of€a€state€of€emergencyÐ #l! Ðin€the€Canton€of€Ô_ÔChoneÔ_Ô,€Ô_ÔManabiÔ_Ô€Province,€decreed€by€the€Constitutional€President€of€the€RepublicÐ $X" Ðon€19€August€2005,€in€accordance€with€articles€180€and€181€of€the€Political€Constitution€of€Ecuador.Ð ô$D # ÐÌThe€Government€of€Ecuador€specified€that€this€measure€was€taken€in€response€to€serious€internalÐ Ì&"% Ðunrest,€which€has€led€to€a€crime€wave€and€to€widespread€looting€in€the€aforementioned€canton.€TheÐ ¸'#& Ðdeclaration€of€emergency€was€made€by€means€of€Executive€Decree€No.€430€of€19€August€2005.Ð ¤(ô#' ÐMoreover,€the€Government€of€Ecuador€specified€that€during€the€state€of€emergency€the€rightsÐ )à$( Ðestablished€in€article€23,€paragraphs€9,€12,€13,€14€and€19,€and€article€23€of€the€Political€ConstitutionÐ |*Ì%) Ðof€the€Republic€were€suspended.€Ð h+¸&* ЇÓ  Ó*****Ð ° ÐÓ÷?ÓÌ18€April€2006Ð ˆØ ÐÌDeclaration€of€a€state€of€emergency€in€a€number€of€Ecuadorian€provinces,€issued€on€21€MarchÐ `° Ðthrough€Executive€Decree€No.€1269€which€was€suspended€on€7€April€2006€through€ExecutiveÐ L œ ÐDecree€No.€1329.€Ð 8 ˆ Ð