ÿWPC–* zÙ`5¹·]WKÇm§xM¶o!á€ßU•JàFõ™¹8·/<»°Í3ÄÆ"KAÜÝûÏÍü9j LG€¥Ú‰BF‹Fnר1¼:ÚÀ’K‹„ g{gà'îCMÎi€ð˜¨ËàQG ‡"è d2êçÎVµË²I­³•Ë&´]´0ìVùM|¦ †>ú„%Ü1ÊÚ½Ÿ“–l‚;‹¡6~þ²Y®ïN¸r¤æ ¾.ÄšóE£ÙЋP¡ G…H¶sØ“»ŒÍÁj¤¼Ýø8DÛ’ï95âBR'“oùÍßP¶Y‡É²án†šáÈOlHP9¬ÚÃ’þŠ …T &$E’þ õ•ã ¾cX¶²ŒÁq5NCرwÉë+Ýë7¼dòK]—Ø=¤’a+PCnÄ8Ö‰ƒùV'/_ðpŸv£M+yƒÑðûün`’ì)ÏúÅ Újn3¯ß˜ÿÐ×â”*ý`Õ.~È‹Ö-G]ó_å;H+rfk*“ë–˜ëÈã»k´÷~KN+„nbc©y@-û ™•$VTÇ1ßÒܱ¢ãr‘˜Àvo¾°±X®]Zžq»- |HQå¢K›ðYßO»êõ¿Í÷™çÿ»¼xän¸ æ|>–#É4&UNý( %K) 0:Q)‹)^ ¡)w­)4±)Å)Ô) mÖ)Ní) 0Sï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï)ï) 0TB*˜HP PSC 2350 seriesTŽ––––TŽ0(@øÐ Z‹6Times New Roman RegularX(ûœ$¡¡ÔUKUS.,Ô Ñ ° Ñì5‡ óŽL5›ª3|x ÿU‹ÿÀÀÀ<  ÿÿ:Normal (Web)Ñ  ÑÑ  Ñ(Wþ“$ÅÅò òòòÔ  ÔÔ ò Ôó óóóÝ ƒûœ!ÝÔUKUS.,ÔÝ  ÝÔ_Ôò òÔ‡¼üÚ»XXÔÔUSUK.,ÔÓ  ÓÑ€OaÑÑ8€ºfXXdìdÈ8ÑGERMANYÔ#†XºfX»¼üÚ@#Ôó óÐ ° ÐÓqÓÌò òCATó óÐ ° ÐÓ  ÓÔUK.,US.,_ÔÌò òòòRESERVATIONS€AND€DECLARATIONSóóó óÐ ˆØ Ðòò(Unless€otherwise€indicated,€the€reservations€and€declarations€were€made€upon€ratification,Ð t Ä Ðaccession€or€succession)óóÔUSUK.,ÔÐ ` ° ÐÌUpon€signature:Ð 8 ˆ ÐÌThe€Government€of€the€Federal€Republic€of€Germany€reserves€the€right€to€communicate,€uponÐ `  Ðratification,€such€reservations€or€declarations€of€interpretation€as€are€deemed€necessary€especiallyÐ üL  Ðwith€respect€to€the€applicability€of€article€3.Ð è8  Ðà  àà ` àà ¸ àà  àà h àà À àÌUpon€ratification:Ð À  ÐÌArticle€3Ð ˜è ÐÌThis€provision€prohibits€the€transfer€of€a€person€directly€to€a€State€where€this€person€is€exposed€toÐ pÀ Ða€concrete€danger€of€being€subjected€to€torture.€In€the€opinion€of€the€Federal€Republic€of€Germany,Ð \¬ Ðarticle€3€as€well€as€the€other€provisions€of€the€Convention€exclusively€establish€State€obligations€thatÐ H˜ Ðare€met€by€the€Federal€Republic€of€Germany€in€conformity€with€the€provisions€of€its€domestic€lawÐ 4„ Ðwhich€is€in€accordance€with€the€Convention.Ð  p ÐÌòòNoteóóÐ øH ÐÌThe€German€Democratic€Republic€had€signed€and€ratified€the€Convention€on€7€April€1986€and€9Ð Ð  ÐSeptember€1987,€respectively,€with€the€following€reservations€and€declaration:Ð ¼  ÐÌReservations:Ð ”ä ÐÌThe€German€Democratic€Republic€declares€in€accordance€with€article€28,€paragraph€1€of€theÐ l!¼ ÐConvention€that€it€does€not€recognize€the€competence€of€the€Committee€provided€for€in€article€20.Ð X"¨  ÐÌThe€German€Democratic€Republic€declares€in€accordance€with€article€30,€paragraph€2€of€theÐ 0$€" ÐConvention€that€it€does€not€consider€itself€bound€by€paragraph€1€of€this€article.Ð %l # ÐÌDeclaration:Ð ô&D"% ÐÌThe€German€Democratic€Republic€declares€that€it€will€bear€its€share€only€of€those€expenses€inÐ Ì($' Ðaccordance€with€article€17,€paragraph€7,€and€article€18,€paragraph€5,€of€the€Convention€arising€fromÐ ¸)%( Ðactivities€under€the€competence€of€the€Committee€as€recognized€by€the€German€DemocraticÐ ¤*ô%) ÐRepublic.Ð +à&* ЇIn€this€regard,€the€Government€of€the€United€Kingdom€of€Great€Britain€and€Northern€IrelandÐ ° Ðdeclared,€in€a€letter€accompanying€its€instrument€of€ratification,€the€following:Ð œì ÐÌð ðThe€òòò òóóó óGovernment€of€the€United€Kingdom€of€Great€Britain€and€Northern€Ireland€has€taken€note€ofÐ tÄ Ðthe€reservations€formulated€by€the€Government€of€the€German€Democratic€Republic€pursuant€toÐ `° Ðarticle€28,€paragraph€1,€and€article€30,€paragraph€2,€respectively,€and€the€declaration€made€by€theÐ L œ ÐGerman€Democratic€Republic€with€reference€to€article€17,€paragraph€7,€and€article€18,€paragraph€5.€Ð 8 ˆ ÐIt€does€not€regard€the€said€declarations€as€affecting€in€any€way€the€obligations€of€the€GermanÐ $ t ÐDemocratic€Republic€as€a€State€Party€to€the€Convention€(including€the€obligations€€to€meet€its€shareÐ  ` Ðof€the€expenses€of€the€Committee€on€Torture€as€apportioned€by€the€first€meeting€of€the€States€PartiesÐ ü L  Ðheld€on€26€November€1987€or€any€subsequent€such€meetings)€and€do€not€accordingly€raise€objectionsÐ è 8  Ðto€it.€€It€reserves€the€rights€of€the€United€Kingdom€in€their€entirety€in€the€event€that€the€saidÐ Ô$  Ðdeclaration€should€at€any€future€time€be€claimed€to€affect€the€obligations€of€the€German€DemocraticÐ À  ÐRepublic€as€aforesaid.ððÐ ¬ü  ÐÌMoreover,€the€Secretary„General€has€received€from€the€following€States,€objections€to€theÐ „Ô  Ðdeclaration€made€by€the€German€Democratic€Republic,€on€the€dates€indicated€hereinafter:Ð pÀ ÐÌò òFranceó ó€(23€June€1988):Ð H˜ ÐÌFrance€makes€an€objection€to€[the€declaration]€which€it€considers€contrary€with€the€object€andÐ $t Ðpurpose€of€the€Convention.Ð ` ÐÌThe€said€objection€is€not€an€obstacle€to€the€entry€into€force€of€the€said€Convention€between€FranceÐ è8 Ðand€the€German€Democratic€Republic.Ð Ô$ ÐÌò òLuxembourgó ó€(9€September€1988):Ð ¬ü ÐÌThe€Grand€Duchy€of€Luxembourg€objects€to€this€declaration,€which€it€deems€to€be€a€reservation€theÐ ˆØ Ðeffect€of€which€would€be€to€inhibit€activities€of€the€Committee€in€a€manner€incompatible€with€theÐ tÄ Ðpurpose€and€the€goal€of€the€Convention.Ð ` ° ÐÌThe€present€objection€does€not€constitute€an€obstacle€to€the€entry€into€force€of€the€said€ConventionÐ 8"ˆ  Ðbetween€the€Grand€Duchy€of€Luxembourg€and€the€German€Democratic€Republic.Ð $#t! ÐÌò òSwedenó ó€(28€September€1988):Ð ü$L # ÐÌð ðAccording€to€article€2,€paragraph€1€(d)€of€the€Vienna€Convention€on€the€Law€of€Treaties€a€unilateralÐ Ø&("% Ðstatement,€whereby€a€State€e.g.€when€ratifying€a€treaty€purports€to€exclude€the€legal€effect€of€certainÐ Ä'#& Ðprovisions€of€the€Treaty€in€their€application,€is€regarded€as€a€reservation.€Thus,€such€unilateralÐ °($' Ðstatements€are€considered€as€reservations€regardless€of€their€name€or€phrase.€The€Government€ofÐ œ)ì$( ÐSweden€has€come€to€the€conclusion€that€the€declaration€made€by€the€German€Democratic€RepublicÐ ˆ*Ø%) Ðis€incompatible€with€the€object€and€purpose€of€the€Convention€and€therefore€is€invalid€according€toÐ t+Ä&* Ðarticle€19€Ô_Ô(c)Ô_Ô€of€the€Vienna€Convention€on€the€Law€of€Treaties.€€For€this€reason€the€Government€ofÐ ° ÐSweden€objects€to€this€declaration.ððÐ œì ÐÌò òAustriaó ó€(29€September€1988):Ð tÄ ÐÌð ðThe€Declaration€[...]€cannot€alter€or€modify,€in€any€respect,€the€obligations€arising€from€thatÐ P   ÐConvention€for€all€States€Parties€thereto.ððÐ < Œ ÐÌò òDenmarkó ó€(29€September€1988):Ð  d ÐÌð ðThe€Government€of€Denmark€hereby€enters€its€formal€objection€to€[the€declaration]€which€itÐ ð @  Ðconsiders€to€be€a€unilateral€statement€with€the€purpose€of€modifying€the€legal€effect€of€certainÐ Ü,  Ðprovisions€of€the€Convention€against€Torture,€and€Other€Cruel,€Inhuman€or€Degrading€TreatmentÐ È  Ðor€Punishment€in€their€application€to€the€German€Democratic€Republic.€It€is€the€position€of€theÐ ´  ÐGovernment€of€Denmark€that€the€said€declaration€has€no€legal€basis€in€the€Convention€or€inÐ  ð  Ðinternational€treaty€law.Ð ŒÜ  ÐÌð ðThis€objection€is€not€an€obstacle€to€the€entry€into€force€of€the€said€Convention€between€DenmarkÐ d´ Ðand€the€German€Democratic€Republic.ððÐ P  ÐÌò òNorwayó ó€(29€September€1988):Ð (x ÐÌð ðThe€Government€of€Norway€cannot€accept€this€declaration€entered€by€the€German€DemocraticÐ T ÐRepublic.€The€Government€of€Norway€considers€that€any€such€declaration€is€without€legal€effect,Ð ð@ Ðand€cannot€in€any€manner€diminish€the€obligation€of€a€government€to€contribute€to€the€costs€of€theÐ Ü, ÐCommittee€in€conformity€with€the€provisions€of€the€Convention.ððÐ È ÐÌò òCanadaó ó€(5€October€1988):Ð  ð ÐÌThe€Government€of€Canada€considers€that€this€declaration€is€incompatible€with€the€object€andÐ |Ì Ðpurpose€of€the€Convention€against€Torture,€and€thus€inadmissible€under€article€19€Ô_Ô(c)Ô_Ô€of€the€ViennaÐ h ¸ ÐConvention€on€the€Law€of€Treaties.€Through€its€function€and€its€activities,€the€Committee€againstÐ T!¤ ÐTorture€plays€an€essential€role€in€the€execution€of€the€obligations€of€States€parties€to€the€ConventionÐ @"  Ðagainst€Torture.€Any€restriction€whose€effect€is€to€hamper€the€activities€of€the€Committee€would€thusÐ ,#|! Ðbe€incompatible€with€the€object€and€purpose€of€the€Convention.Ð $h" ÐÌò òGreeceó ó€(6€October€1988):Ð ð%@!$ ÐÌThe€Hellenic€Republic€raises€an€objection€to€[the€declaration],€which€it€considers€to€be€in€violationÐ Ì'#& Ðof€article€19,€paragraph€(b),€of€the€Vienna€Convention€on€the€Law€of€Treaties.€The€ConventionÐ ¸($' Ðagainst€Torture€expressly€sets€forth€in€article€28,€paragraph€1,€and€article€30,€paragraph€2,€theÐ ¤)ô$( Ðreservations€which€may€be€made.€The€declaration€of€the€German€Democratic€Republic€is€not,Ð *à%) Ðhowever,€in€conformity€with€these€specified€reservations.Ð |+Ì&* ЇThis€objection€does€not€preclude€the€entry€into€force€of€the€said€Convention€as€between€the€HellenicÐ ° ÐRepublic€and€the€German€Democratic€Republic.Ð œì ÐÌò òSpainó ó€(6€October€1988):Ð tÄ ÐÌ...The€Government€of€the€Kingdom€of€Spain€feels€that€such€a€reservation€is€a€violation€of€article€19,Ð P   Ðparagraph€(b),€of€the€Vienna€Convention€on€the€Law€of€Treaties€of€23€May€1969,€because€theÐ < Œ ÐConvention€against€Torture€and€Other€Cruel,€Inhuman€or€Degrading€Treatment€or€Punishment€setsÐ ( x Ðforth,€in€article€28,€paragraph€1,€and€article€30,€paragraph€2,€the€only€reservations€that€may€be€madeÐ  d Ðto€the€Convention,€and€the€above„mentioned€reservation€of€the€German€Democratic€Republic€doesÐ  P  Ðnot€confirm€to€either€of€those€reservations.Ð ì <  ÐÌò òSwitzerlandó ó€(7€October€1988):Ð Ä  ÐÌ...That€reservation€is€contrary€to€the€purpose€and€aims€of€the€Convention€which€are,€through€theÐ  ð  ÐCommitteeððs€activities,€to€encourage€respect€for€a€vitally€important€human€right€and€to€enhance€theÐ ŒÜ  Ðeffectiveness€of€the€struggle€against€torture€over€the€world.€€This€objection€does€not€have€the€effectÐ xÈ Ðof€preventing€the€Convention€from€entering€into€force€between€the€Swiss€Confederation€and€theÐ d´ ÐGerman€Democratic€Republic.Ð P  ÐÌò òItalyó ó€(12€January€1989):Ð (x ÐÌThe€Convention€authorizes€only€the€reservations€indicated€in€article€28€(1)€and€30€(2).€TheÐ T Ðreservation€made€by€the€German€Democratic€Republic€is€not€therefore€admissible€under€the€termsÐ ð@ Ðof€article€19€(b)€of€the€1969€Vienna€Convention€on€the€Law€of€Treaties.Ð Ü, ÐÌò òPortugaló ó€(9€February€1989):Ð ´ ÐÌð ð...The€Government€of€Portugal€considers€that€this€declaration€is€incompatible€with€the€object€andÐ à Ðpurpose€of€the€present€Convention.€€This€objection€does€not€constitute€an€obstacle€to€the€entry€intoÐ |Ì Ðforce€of€the€Convention€between€Portugal€and€G.D.R.ððÐ h ¸ ÐÌò òAustraliaó ó€(8€August€1989):Ð @"  ÐÌð ðThe€Government€of€Australia€considers€that€this€declaration€isòòò ò€óóó óincompatible€with€the€object€andÐ $l" Ðpurpose€of€the€Convention€and,€accordingly,€hereby€conveys€Australiaððs€objection€to€theÐ  %\ # Ðdeclaration.ððÐ ø%H!$ ÐÌò òFinlandó ó€(20€October€1989):Ð Ð' #& ÐÌð ð...The€Government€of€Finland€considers€that€any€such€declaration€is€without€legal€effect,€and€cannotÐ ¬)ü$( Ðin€any€manner€diminish€the€obligation€of€a€government€to€contribute€to€the€costs€of€the€CommitteeÐ ˜*è%) Ðin€conformity€with€the€provisions€of€the€Convention.ððÐ „+Ô&* Їò òNew€Zealandó ó€(10€December€1989):Ð ° ÐÌð ð...The€Government€of€New€Zealand€considers€that€this€declaration€is€compatible€with€the€object€andÐ ŒÜ Ðpurpose€of€the€Convention.€This€objection€does€not€constitute€an€obstacle€to€the€entry€into€force€ofÐ xÈ Ðthe€Convention€between€New€Zealand€and€the€German€Democratic€Republic.ððÐ d´ ÐÌò òNetherlandsó ó€(21€December€1989):Ð < Œ ÐÌð ðThis€declaration,€clearly€a€reservation€according€to€article€2,€paragraph€1,€under€(d),€of€the€ViennaÐ  h ÐConvention€on€the€Law€of€Treaties,€not€only€ð ðpurports€to€exclude€or€modify€the€legal€effectðð€ofÐ  T  Ðarticles€17,€paragraph€7,€and€18,€paragraph€5,€of€the€present€Convention€in€their€application€to€theÐ ð @  ÐGerman€Democratic€Republic€itself,€but€it€would€also€affect€the€obligations€of€the€other€StatesÐ Ü,  ÐParties€which€would€have€to€pay€additionally€in€order€to€ensure€the€proper€functioning€of€theÐ È  ÐCommittee€Against€Torture.€For€this€reason€the€reservation€is€not€acceptable€to€the€Government€ofÐ ´  Ðthe€Kingdom€of€the€Netherlands.Ð  ð  ÐÌThus,€the€assessment€of€the€financial€contributions€of€the€States€Parties€to€be€made€under€article€17,Ð xÈ Ðparagraph€7,€and€article€18,€paragraph€5,€must€be€drawn€up€in€disregard€of€the€declaration€of€theÐ d´ ÐGerman€Democratic€Republic.ððÐ P  ÐÌSubsequently,€in€a€communication€received€on€13€September€1990,€the€Government€of€the€GermanÐ (x ÐDemocratic€Republic€notified€the€Secretary„General€that€it€had€decided€to€withdraw€the€reservations,Ð d Ðmade€upon€ratification,€to€articles€17€(7),€18€(5),€20€and€30€(1)€of€the€Convention.Ð P ÐÌFurther,€the€Government€of€the€German€Democratic€Republic€made€the€following€declaration€inÐ Ø( Ðrespect€of€articles€21€and€22€of€the€Convention:Ð Ä ÐÌð ðThe€German€Democratic€Republic€declares€in€accordance€with€article€21,€paragraph€1,€that€itÐ œì Ðrecognizes€the€competence€of€the€Committee€to€receive€and€consider€communications€to€the€effectÐ ˆØ Ðthat€a€State€Party€claims€that€another€State€Party€is€not€fulfilling€its€obligations€under€thisÐ tÄ ÐConvention.Ð ` ° ÐÌThe€German€Democratic€Republic€in€accordance€with€article€22,€paragraph€1,€declares€that€itÐ 8"ˆ  Ðrecognizes€the€competence€of€the€Committee€to€receive€and€consider€communications€from€or€onÐ $#t! Ðbehalf€of€individuals€subject€to€its€jurisdiction€who€claim€to€be€victims€of€a€violation€by€a€State€PartyÐ $`" Ðof€the€provisions€of€the€Convention.ððÐ ü$L # ÐÌSee€also€note€2€under€ð ðGermanyðð€in€the€ð ðHistorical€Informationðð€section€in€the€front€matter€of€òò[theÐ Ô&$"% Ðelectronic€version€on€the€website€of€the€òòMultilateral€Treaties€Deposited€with€the€Secretary„Generalóó;Ð À'#& ÐÔUK.,US.,*Ôhttp://Ô_Ôuntreaty.un.orgÔ_Ô/ENGLISH/bible/Ô_ÔenglishinternetbibleÔ_Ô/Ô_Ôhistoricalinfo.aspÔ_Ô].€óóÔUSUK.,ÔÐ ¬(ü#' ÐÌà0  à[òòEd.€note:€Note€2€under€Germany€is€as€followsóó:Є*Ô%)(#(# ÐÐ p+À&* Ðà0  àòòIn€a€communication€dated€3€October€1990,€the€Federal€Minister€for€Foreign€Affairs€of€theÐ ° ÐFederal€Republic€of€Germany€notified€the€Secretary-General€of€the€following:Мì(#(# ÐÌà0  à"...€Through€the€accession€of€the€German€Democratic€Republic€to€the€Federal€Republic€ofÐ tÄ ÐGermany€with€effect€from€3€October€1990,€the€two€German€States€have€united€to€form€oneÐ `° Ðsovereign€State,€which€as€a€single€Member€of€the€United€Nations€remains€bound€by€theÐ L œ Ðprovisions€of€the€Charter€in€accordance€with€the€solemn€declaration€of€12€June€1973.€AsÐ 8 ˆ Ðfrom€the€date€of€unification,€the€Federal€Republic€of€Germany€will€act€in€the€United€NationsÐ $ t Ðunder€the€designation€ððGermany'."Ð `(#(# ÐÌà0  àThe€former€German€Democratic€Republic€was€admitted€to€the€Organization€on€18€SeptemberÐ è 8  Ð1973€by€Resolution€No.€3050€(XXVIII).€For€the€text€of€the€declaration€of€acceptance€of€theÐ Ô$  Ðobligations€contained€in€the€Charter€dated€12€June€1973€made€by€the€German€DemocraticÐ À  ÐRepublic€(registered€under€No.€12758),€see€United€Nations,€Treaty€Series,€vol.€891,€p.€103óó.€Ð¬ü (#(# ÐÌà0  àòòà0` (#(#à[Ed.€note:€as€follows:Ð„Ô ` (#` (# ÐÌà0  àà0` (#(#àOn€behalf€of€the€Council€of€Ministers€of€the€German€Democratic€Republic,€IÐ \¬ Ðsolemnly€declare€that€the€German€Democratic€Republic€is€willing€to€accept€andÐ H˜ Ðconscientiously€carry€out€the€obligations€contained€in€the€Charter€of€the€UnitedÐ 4„ ÐNations.Ð p` (#` (# ÐÌà0  àà ` àChairman€of€the€Council€of€Ministers€of€the€German€Democratic€RepublicÐøH(#(# Ðà0  àà ` àBerlin,€12€June€1973.]Ðä4(#(# ÐÌà0  àConsequently,€and€in€the€light€of€articles€11€and€12€of€the€Treaty€of€31€August€1990Ð ¼  Ð(Unification€Treaty)€between€the€Federal€Republic€of€Germany€and€the€German€DemocraticÐ ¨ø ÐRepublic,€entries€in€status€lists€pertaining€to€formalities€(i.e.,€signatures,€ratifications,Ð ”ä Ðaccessions,€declarations€and€reservations,€etc.)€effected€by€the€Federal€Republic€of€GermanyÐ €Ð Ðwill€now€appear€under€"Germany"€and€indicate€the€dates€of€such€formalities.Ðl¼(#(# ÐÌà0  àAs€regards€treaties€in€respect€of€which€formalities€had€been€effected€by€both€the€FederalÐ D!” ÐRepublic€of€Germany€and€the€former€German€Democratic€Republic€prior€to€unification,€theÐ 0"€  Ðentry€will€similarly€indicate€in€the€corresponding€table€the€type€of€formality€effected€by€theÐ #l! ÐFederal€Republic€of€Germany€and€the€date€on€which€it€took€place,€while€the€type€of€formalityÐ $X" Ðeffected€by€the€former€German€Democratic€Republic€and€the€date€thereof€will€appear€in€aÐ ô$D # Ðfootnote.Ðà%0!$(#(# ÐÌà0  àFinally,€as€regards€the€treatment€of€treaties€in€respect€of€which€formalities€were€effected€byÐ ¸'#& Ðthe€former€German€Democratic€Republic€alone,€article€12,€para.€3€of€the€Unification€TreatyÐ ¤(ô#' Ðcontains€the€following€provision:€"Should€the€united€Germany€intend€to€accede€toÐ )à$( Ðinternational€organizations€or€other€multilateral€treaties€of€which€the€German€DemocraticÐ |*Ì%) ÐRepublic€but€not€the€Federal€Republic€of€Germany€is€a€member,€agreement€shall€be€reachedÐ h+¸&* ÐÑOaÑâ âѰ°Ñâ âÑ  Ñwith€the€respective€contracting€parties€and€with€the€European€Communities€where€theÐ ° Ðlatter's€competence€is€affected".€Accordingly,€a€footnote€indicating€the€date€and€type€ofÐ œì Ðformality€effected€by€the€former€German€Democratic€Republic€will€be€included€in€the€statusÐ ˆØ Ðof€the€treaties€concerned,€the€corresponding€footnote€indicator€being€inserted€next€to€theÐ tÄ Ðheading€"òòParticipantóó".óó]ÔUK.,US.,Ç<ÔÔUSUK.,ÔÐ`°(#(# КòòÔUK.,US.,NÔ(Note€7,€Chapter€IV.9,€Multilateral€Treaties€Deposited€with€the€Secretary„General)óóÔUSUK.,ÔÐ L œ ÐÌÓ  Ó*****Ð $ t ÐÓÓNÓÌòòNoteóóÐ ü L  ÐÌSee€note€1€under€ð ðGermanyðð€regarding€Berlin€(West)€in€the€ð ðHistorical€informationðð€section€in€theÐ Ô$  Ðfront€matter€of€ÔUK.,US.,«NÔ€òò[the€electronic€version€on€the€website€of€the€òòMultilateral€Treaties€Deposited€with€theÐ À  ÐSecretary„Generalóó;€http://untreaty.un.org/ENGLISH/bible/€Ô_ÔenglishinternetbibleÔ_Ô/Ô_Ôhistoricalinfo.aspÔ_Ô.]óóÐ ¬ü  ÐÌà0  à[òòEd.€note:€note€1€under€Germany€is€as€followsóó:ÔUSUK.,ÔÐ„Ô (#(# ÐòòÔUK.,US.,FQÔÔUSUK.,Ôà  àÌà  àGermanyÐ \¬ ÐÌà  àNote€1Ð 4„ ÐÌà0  à1.€Prior€to€the€formation€of€one€sovereign€German€State€through€the€accession€of€theÐ  \ ÐGerman€Democratic€Republic€to€the€Federal€Republic€of€Germany€(effective€from€3€OctoberÐ øH Ð1990),€the€Secretary-General€received€numerous€communications€relating€to€the€applicationÐ ä4 Ðof€international€instruments€to€West€Berlin.ÐÐ (#(# ÐÌà0  à2.€In€each€case€(noted€here),€the€initial€communication€took€the€form€of€a€note,€letter,€orÐ ¨ø Ðdeclaration€from€the€Federal€Republic€of€Germany,€in,€accompanying€or€in€connection€withÐ ”ä Ðits€instrument€of€accession,€acceptance€or€ratification€of€an€Amendment,€Agreement,Ð €Ð ÐConvention€or€Protocol,€to€the€effect€that€the€relevant€Amendment,€Agreement,€ConventionÐ l¼ Ðor€Protocol€would€also€apply€to€"Land€Berlin"€or€"Berlin€(West)"€(as€noted€here)€with€effectÐ X ¨ Ðfrom€the€date€on€which€it€entered€into€force€for€the€Federal€Republic€of€Germany.ÐD!”(#(# Ðà  à[...]Ð 0"€  Ðà0  à-€Note€(re:€"Land€Berlin")€accompanying€the€instrument€of€ratification€(deposited€16€MayÐ #l! Ð1969)€of€the€International€Convention€on€the€Elimination€of€All€Forms€of€RacialÐ $X" ÐDiscrimination,€7€March€1966.Ðô$D #(#(# ÐÌà0  à-€Declaration€(re:€"Berlin€(West)")€accompanying€the€instrument€of€ratification€(depositedÐ Ì&"% Ð17€December€1973)€of€the€International€Covenant€on€Economic,€Social€and€Cultural€Rights,Ð ¸'#& Ð16€December€1966.Ф(ô#'(#(# ÐÌà0  à-€Declaration€(re:€"Berlin€(West)")€accompanying€the€instrument€of€ratification€(depositedÐ |*Ì%) Ð17€December€1973)€of€the€International€Convention€on€Civil€and€Political€Rights,€16Ð h+¸&* ÐDecember€1966.а(#(# ÐÌà0  à-€Note€(re:€"Berlin€(West)")€accompanying€the€instrument€of€ratification€(deposited€10€JulyÐ ˆØ Ð1985)€of€the€Convention€on€the€Elimination€of€All€Forms€of€Discrimination€Against€Women,Ð tÄ Ð18€December€1979.Ð`°(#(# ÐÌà0  à-€Letter€(re:€"Berlin€(West)")€accompanying€the€instrument€of€ratification€(deposited€1Ð 8 ˆ ÐOctober€1990)€of€the€Convention€Against€Torture:€and€Other€Cruel,€Inhuman€or€DegradingÐ $ t ÐTreatment€or€Punishment,€10€December€1984.Ð `(#(# Ðà  à[...]Ð ü L  Ðà0  à3.€In€the€case€of€the€following€Amendments,€Agreements,€Conventions€or€Protocols,Ð è 8  Ðcommunications€from€other€States€were€received€by€the€Secretary-General€in€response€to€theÐ Ô$  Ðapplication€of€the€relevant€amendment,€agreement,€convention€or€protocol€to€West€Berlin€byÐ À  Ðthe€Federal€Republic€of€Germany€to€the€effect€that€the€application€to€West€Berlin€by€theÐ ¬ü  ÐFederal€Republic€of€Germany€had€no€legal€validity€on€the€ground€that€West€Berlin€was€notÐ ˜è  Ða€"Land"€of,€or€part€of€the€territory€of,€the€Federal€Republic€of€Germany€and€could€not€beÐ „Ô  Ðgoverned€by€it.ÐpÀ(#(# Ðà  à[...]Ð \¬ Ðà0  à-€International€Convention€on€the€Elimination€of€All€Forms€of€Racial€Discrimination,€7Ð H˜ ÐMarch€1966;€communications€from€the€Governments€of€Bulgaria€(received€16€SeptemberÐ 4„ Ð1969),€Czechoslovakia€(received€3€November€1969),€Mongolia€(received€7€January€1970),Ð  p ÐPoland€(received€20€June€1969),€the€Ukrainian€Soviet€Socialist€Republic€(received€10Ð  \ ÐNovember€1969)€and€the€Union€of€Soviet€Socialist€Republics€(received€4€August€1969).ÐøH(#(# Ðà  à[...]Ð ä4 Ðà0  à5.€For€a€number€of€amendments,€agreements,€conventions€or€protocols€(noted€here),Ð Ð  Ðincluding€some€of€those€noted€at€points€3€and€4,€the€initial€communication€from€the€FederalÐ ¼  ÐRepublic€of€Germany€gave€rise€to€communications€to€the€effect€that€the€initialÐ ¨ø Ðcommunication€was€invalid€because€it€was€in€contradiction€to€the€Quadripartite€AgreementÐ ”ä Ðof€3€September€1971€between€the€Governments€of€France,€the€Union€of€Soviet€SocialistÐ €Ð ÐRepublics,€the€United€Kingdom€of€Great€Britain€and€Northern€Ireland€and€the€United€StatesÐ l¼ Ðof€America.€The€Quadripartite€Agreement€was€said€to€confirm€that€West€Berlin€was€not€aÐ X ¨ Ð"Land"€(where€this€term€had€been€used)€or€constituent€part€of€the€Federal€Republic€ofÐ D!” ÐGermany€and€could€not€be€governed€by€it,€and€that€treaties€affecting€matters€of€security€andÐ 0"€  Ðstatus€could€not€be€extended€to€West€Berlin€by€the€Federal€Republic€of€Germany.€The€initialÐ #l! Ðcommunication€of€the€Federal€Republic€of€Germany€was€said,€in€the€case€of€almost€everyÐ $X" Ðinstrument€noted€here,€to€contradict€or€be€incompatible€with€one€or€a€combination€of€theseÐ ô$D # Ðstipulations€(in€one€case,€for€the€specific€reason€that€it€encroached€on€an€area€of€competenceÐ à%0!$ Ðof€the€German€Democratic€Republic)€(as€noted€here).€In€the€one€exception€to€this€rule€(asÐ Ì&"% Ðnoted€here),€the€communication€was€said€to€encroach€on€an€area€of€responsibility€reservedÐ ¸'#& Ðfor€the€authorities€of€France,€the€United€Kingdom€and€the€United€States.Ф(ô#'(#(# Ðà  à[...]Ð )à$( Ðà0  à-€International€Convention€on€the€Elimination€of€All€Forms€of€Racial€Discrimination,€7Ð |*Ì%) ÐMarch€1966;€communication€(received€27€December€1973)€from€the€German€DemocraticÐ h+¸&* ÐRepublic€(re:€government).а(#(# ÐÌà0  à-€International€Covenant€on€Economic,€Social€and€Cultural€Rights,€16€December€1966;Ð ˆØ Ðcommunications€from€the€Governments€of€the€Union€of€Soviet€Socialist€Republics€(receivedÐ tÄ Ð5€July€1974,€and€reaffirming€position,€13€February€1975),€the€German€Democratic€RepublicÐ `° Ð(received€12€August€1974)€and€the€Ukrainian€Soviet€Socialist€Republic€(received€16€AugustÐ L œ Ð1974)€(re:€security€and€status).óóÐ8 ˆ(#(# ÐòòÌà0  à-€International€Convention€on€Civil€and€Political€Rights,€16€December€1966;Ð  ` Ðcommunications€from€the€Governments€of€the€Union€of€Soviet€Socialist€Republics€(receivedÐ ü L  Ð5€July€1974,€and€reaffirming€position,€13€February€1975),€the€German€Democratic€RepublicÐ è 8  Ð(received€12€August€1974)€and€the€Ukrainian€Soviet€Socialist€Republic€(received€16€AugustÐ Ô$  Ð1974)€(re:€security€and€status).ÐÀ (#(# ÐÌà0  à-€Convention€on€the€Elimination€of€All€Forms€of€Discrimination€Against€Women,€18Ð ˜è  ÐDecember€1979;€communication€from€the€Governments€of€the€Union€of€Soviet€SocialistÐ „Ô  ÐRepublics€(received€15€April€1986)€and€the€German€Democratic€Republic€(received€22€AprilÐ pÀ Ð1987)€(both€re:€security€and€status).Ð\¬(#(# Ðà  à[...]Ð H˜ Ðà0  à8.€For€the€amendments,€agreements,€conventions€or€protocols€noted€in€point€5€(as€listedÐ 4„ Ðhere),€and€for€a€number€of€such€instruments€noted€in€point€3€(as€listed€here),€some€of€theÐ  p Ðrelated€communications€objecting€to€the€initial€declaration€of€the€Federal€Republic€ofÐ  \ ÐGermany€on€the€basis€of€the€provisions€of€the€Quadripartite€Agreement€or€otherwise€gaveÐ øH Ðrise€to€further€communications€from€the€Governments€of€France,€the€United€Kingdom€andÐ ä4 Ðthe€United€States€of€America€(as€noted€here).€At€the€essence€of€these€communications€was,Ð Ð  Ðin€one€case€(as€noted€here),€a€denial€that€the€material€content€of€the€relevant€instrumentÐ ¼  Ðcould€affect€matters€of€security€and€status,€and€in€all€cases,€the€claim€that€the€extension€ofÐ ¨ø Ðthe€relevant€instrument€by€the€Federal€Republic€of€Germany€was€valid€and€continued€to€haveÐ ”ä Ðfull€effect€because€it€had€received€proper€prior€authorization€from€the€authorities€of€France,Ð €Ð Ðthe€United€Kingdom€and€the€United€States€which€had€followed€established€proceduresÐ l¼ Ðendorsed€under€the€Agreement€to€ensure€matters€of€security€and€status€were€not€affected,€andÐ X ¨ Ðintegral€elements€of€the€Agreement€allowed€for€the€limited€extension€of€instruments€to€WestÐ D!” ÐBerlin€where€matters€of€security€and€status€were€not€affected.€Communications€of€this€natureÐ 0"€  Ðwere€often€followed€closely€by€communications€from€the€Federal€Republic€of€GermanyÐ #l! Ðindicating€its€solidarity€with€the€position€taken€(as€noted€here).Ð$X"(#(# Ðà  à[...]Ð ô$D # Ðà0  à-€International€Convention€on€the€Elimination€of€All€Forms€of€Racial€Discrimination,€7Ð à%0!$ ÐMarch€1966;€communications€from€the€Governments€of€France,€the€United€Kingdom€and€theÐ Ì&"% ÐUnited€States€of€America€(received€17€June€1974)€and€the€Federal€Republic€of€Germany€inÐ ¸'#& Ðsupport€(received€15€July€1974).Ф(ô#'(#(# ÐÌà0  à-€International€Covenant€on€Economic,€Social€and€Cultural€Rights,€16€December€1966;Ð |*Ì%) Ðcommunications€from€the€Governments€of€France,€the€United€Kingdom€and€the€United€StatesÐ h+¸&* Ðof€America€(received€5€November€1974)€(including€denial€re:€security€and€status)€and€theÐ ° ÐFederal€Republic€of€Germany€in€support€(received€6€December€1974).Мì(#(# ÐÌà0  à-€International€Convention€on€Civil€and€Political€Rights,€16€December€1966;Ð tÄ Ðcommunications€from€the€Governments€of€France,€the€United€Kingdom€and€the€United€StatesÐ `° Ðof€America€(received€5€November€1974)€(including€denial€re:€security€and€status)€and€theÐ L œ ÐFederal€Republic€of€Germany€in€support€(received€6€December€1974).Ð8 ˆ(#(# ÐÌà0  à-€Convention€on€the€Elimination€of€All€Forms€of€Discrimination€Against€Women,€18Ð  ` ÐDecember€1979;€communications€from€the€Governments€of€France,€the€United€Kingdom€andÐ ü L  Ðthe€United€States€of€America€(received€20€March€1987).Ðè 8 (#(# Ðà  à...Ð Ô$  Ðà0  à9.€For€a€number€of€the€instruments€noted€in€points€5€and€8€(as€listed€here),€the€relevantÐ À  Ðcommunications€from€the€Governments€of€France,€the€United€Kingdom,€the€United€StatesÐ ¬ü  Ðof€America,€and€the€Federal€Republic€of€Germany€gave€rise€to€further€communications€fromÐ ˜è  Ðthe€Government€of€the€Union€of€Soviet€Socialist€Republics€(noted€here),€and€in€some€casesÐ „Ô  Ðalso€the€Government€of€the€Ukrainian€Soviet€Socialist€Republic€(also€noted€here).€TheseÐ pÀ Ðcommunications€expressed€solidarity€with€the€position€taken€by€the€Government€of€theÐ \¬ ÐGerman€Democratic€Republic€in€the€communications€noted€in€point€5,€and/or€emphasizedÐ H˜ Ðsimilar€objections€to€those€referred€to€in€point€5€regarding€the€impropriety€and€invalidity€ofÐ 4„ Ðthe€use€of€the€term€"Land"€in€extending€the€relevant€instrument€to€West€Berlin€(as€notedÐ  p Ðhere).€In€some€cases,€the€communications€also€reasserted€the€breach€of€the€"security€andÐ  \ Ðstatus"€provisions€of€the€Quadripartite€Agreement€described€in€point€5€(as€noted€here).€InÐ øH Ðexceptional€cases,€rather€than€expressing€solidarity€with€the€Government€of€the€GermanÐ ä4 ÐDemocratic€Republic,€the€communications€expressed€the€same€conditional€acceptance€of€theÐ Ð  Ðextension€of€the€relevant€instrument€to€West€Berlin€as€described€in€point€6€(as€noted€here).м (#(# Ðà  à[...]Ð ¨ø Ðà0  à-€International€Convention€on€the€Elimination€of€All€Forms€of€Racial€Discrimination,€7Ð ”ä ÐMarch€1966;€communications€from€the€Governments€of€the€Union€of€Soviet€SocialistÐ €Ð ÐRepublics€(received€12€September€1974,€and€reaffirming€position,€8€December€1975)€andÐ l¼ Ðthe€Ukrainian€Soviet€Socialist€Republic€(received€19€September€1974)€(both€re:€solidarityÐ X ¨ Ðand€"Land").ÐD!”(#(# ÐÌà  à[...]Ð #l! Ðà0  à10.€For€some€of€the€instruments€noted€at€point€9€(as€listed€here),€the€communications€fromÐ $X" Ðthe€Governments€of€the€Union€of€Soviet€Socialist€Republics€and€the€Ukrainian€SovietÐ ô$D # ÐSocialist€Republic,€which€had€expressed€solidarity€with€the€German€Democratic€RepublicÐ à%0!$ Ðand€protested€the€extension€of€the€relevant€instrument€to€"Land€Berlin",€provokedÐ Ì&"% Ðresponding€communications€from€the€Governments€of€France,€the€United€Kingdom€and€theÐ ¸'#& ÐUnited€States€of€America€(noted€here).€In€essence,€the€communications€responding€to€thoseÐ ¤(ô#' Ðof€the€Government€of€the€Union€of€Soviet€Socialist€Republics€asserted€that€the€extension€ofÐ )à$( Ðthe€relevant€instrument€by€the€Federal€Republic€of€Germany€was€valid€and€continued€to€haveÐ |*Ì%) Ðfull€effect€for€the€same€reasons€of€proper€authorization€detailed€in€point€6,€and€also€defendedÐ h+¸&* Ðthe€legitimacy€under€the€Quadripartite€Agreement€of€the€terminology€("Land€Berlin")€usedÐ ° Ðby€the€Federal€Republic€of€Germany€in€its€extension€of€the€relevant€instrument€to€theÐ œì ÐWestern€Sectors€of€Berlin.€The€communications€responding€to€those€of€the€Government€ofÐ ˆØ Ðthe€Ukrainian€Soviet€Socialist€Republic€asserted€that€this€Government€was€not€competent€toÐ tÄ Ðcomment€authoritatively€on€the€provisions€of€the€Quadripartite€Agreement€because€it€wasÐ `° Ðnot€a€party€to€the€agreement.€The€communications€were€followed€closely€by€communicationsÐ L œ Ðfrom€the€Federal€Republic€of€Germany€indicating€its€solidarity€with€the€position€taken.Ð8 ˆ(#(# Ðà  à...Ð $ t Ðà0  à-€International€Convention€on€the€Elimination€of€All€Forms€of€Racial€Discrimination,€7Ð  ` ÐMarch€1966;€communications€from€the€Governments€of€France,€the€United€Kingdom€and€theÐ ü L  ÐUnited€States€of€America€(two€received€8€July€1975)€(responding€to€the€precedingÐ è 8  Ðcommunications€of€the€Government€of€the€Union€of€Soviet€Socialist€Republics€and€theÐ Ô$  ÐGovernment€of€the€Ukrainian€Soviet€Socialist€Republic€respectively),€and€from€the€FederalÐ À  ÐRepublic€of€Germany€in€support€(received€19€September€1975).Ьü (#(# Ðà  à[...]Ð ˜è  Ðà0  à11.€For€a€number€of€the€amendments,€agreements,€conventions€or€protocols€noted€in€pointsÐ „Ô  Ð5,€6,€8€and€9,€relevant€communications€provoked€further€communications€from€theÐ pÀ ÐGovernments€of€France,€the€United€Kingdom€and€the€United€States€of€America€with€differentÐ \¬ Ðcombinations€of€content€to€those€described€above€(noted€here).€These€communications€made,Ð H˜ Ðin€one€case€(as€noted€here)€a€denial€of€the€Government€of€the€German€Democratic€Republic'sÐ 4„ Ðassertion€of€competence€for€the€subject€matter€of€the€relevant€instrument€(as€noted€here),€andÐ  p Ðin€all€cases:€the€same€assertion€regarding€the€authorization€of€the€extension€of€the€relevantÐ  \ Ðinstrument€by€the€Federal€Republic€of€Germany€as€described€in€points€6€and€10€(as€notedÐ øH Ðhere);€and/or€the€same€assertion€regarding€the€use€of€terminology€in€that€assertion€asÐ ä4 Ðdescribed€in€point€10€(as€noted€here);€and/or€the€same€assertion€regarding€the€competenceÐ Ð  Ðof€the€makers€of€the€preceding€communications€as€described€in€point€10;€and/or€the€sameÐ ¼  Ðallegation€regarding€the€making€of€a€misleading€reference€to€the€Quadripartite€AgreementÐ ¨ø Ðas€described€in€point€7€(as€noted€here).€Each€variety€of€communication€was€followed€closelyÐ ”ä Ðby€communications€from€the€Federal€Republic€of€Germany€indicating€its€solidarity€with€theÐ €Ð Ðposition€taken€(as€noted€here).Ðl¼(#(# Ðà  à[...]Ð X ¨ Ðà0  à-€International€Covenant€on€Economic,€Social€and€Cultural€Rights,€16€December€1966;Ð D!” Ðcommunications€from€the€Governments€of€France,€the€United€Kingdom€and€the€United€StatesÐ 0"€  Ðof€America€(received€8€July€1975)€(re:€competence€and€authorization),€and€from€the€FederalÐ #l! ÐRepublic€of€Germany€in€support€(received€19€September€1975).Ð$X"(#(# ÐÌà0  à-€International€Convention€on€Civil€and€Political€Rights,€16€December€1966;Ð à%0!$ Ðcommunications€from€the€Governments€of€France,€the€United€Kingdom€and€the€United€StatesÐ Ì&"% Ðof€America€(received€8€July€1975)€(re:€competence€and€authorization),€and€from€the€FederalÐ ¸'#& ÐRepublic€of€Germany€in€support€(received€19€September€1975).Ф(ô#'(#(# Ðà  à[...]]ÔUK.,US.,”QÔóóÐ )à$( Ðòò(Note€8,€Chapter€IV.9,€Multilateral€Treaties€Deposited€with€the€Secretary„General)óóÔUSUK.,ÔÐ |*Ì%) ÐÐ h+¸&* ÐÓ  Ó*****Ð ° ÐÓš˜ÓÔUK.,US.,^˜ÔÔUSUK.,ÔÌòòNoteóóÐ ˆØ ÐÌOn€26€February€1996,€the€Government€of€Germany€notified€the€Secretary-General€that€with€respectÐ `° Ðto€the€reservations€under€I€(1)€and€understandings€under€II€(2)€and€(3)€made€by€the€United€States€ofÐ L œ ÐAmerica€upon€ratification€"it€is€the€understanding€of€the€Government€of€the€Federal€Republic€ofÐ 8 ˆ ÐGermany€that€[the€said€reservations€and€understandings]€do€not€touch€upon€the€obligations€of€theÐ $ t ÐUnited€States€of€America€as€State€Party€to€the€Convention."Ð  ` ÐòòÔUK.,US.,ê˜Ô(Note€22,€Chapter€IV.9,€Multilateral€Treaties€Deposited€with€the€Secretary„General)óóÔUSUK.,ÔÐ ü L  ÐÌÌò òòòOBJECTIONS€MADE€TO€STATE€PARTYððS€RESERVATIONS€AND€DECLARATIONSó óóóÔUK.,US.,¶›ÔÔUSUK.,Ô€ò òòòÐ À  Ðóóó óòòÔUK.,US.,FœÔ(Ed.€note:€for€objections,€see€Note€under€Reservations€and€Declarations,€above)óóÔUSUK.,Ôò òòòÐ °  ÐÌÌOBJECTIONS€MADE€TO€OTHER€STATES€PARTIES€RESERVATIONS€ANDÐ tÄ ÐDECLARATIONSÔUK.,US.,éœÔÔUSUK.,ÔÐ `° Ðó óóóÔUK.,US.,‹Ôòò(Ed.€note:€for€the€text€targeted€by€the€following€objections,€see€the€Reservations€and€DeclarationsÐ Lœ Ðof€the€State€which€is€the€subject€of€the€objection)óóÔUSUK.,ÔÐ 8ˆ ÐÌ23€January€2001Ð ` ÐÌÝ‚ ÿÿÿÝÑ  ÑÝ  ÝÝ‚ ÿÿÿОÝÝ  ÝWith€regard€to€the€reservation€made€by€Qatar€upon€accession:݃ ÿÿО÷žÝŒÐ è8 ÐŒÑ  ÑÝ  ÝÌ"The€Government€of€the€Federal€Republic€of€Germany€has€examined€the€reservation€to€theÐ À ÐConvention€against€Torture€and€Other€Cruel,€Inhuman€or€Degrading€Treatment€or€Punishment€madeÐ ¬ü Ðby€the€Government€of€Qatar.€The€Government€of€the€Federal€Republic€of€Germany€is€of€the€viewÐ ˜è Ðthat€the€reservation€with€regard€to€compatibility€of€the€rules€of€the€Convention€with€the€precepts€ofÐ „Ô ÐIslamic€law€and€the€Islamic€religion€raises€doubts€as€to€the€commitment€of€Qatar€to€fulfil€itsÐ pÀ Ðobligations€under€the€Convention.€The€Government€of€the€Federal€Republic€of€Germany€considersÐ \ ¬ Ðthis€reservation€to€be€incompatible€with€the€object€and€purpose€of€the€Convention.€Therefore€theÐ H!˜ ÐGovernment€of€the€Federal€Republic€of€Germany€objects€to€the€aforesaid€reservation€made€by€theÐ 4"„  ÐGovernment€of€Qatar€to€the€Convention.Ð  #p! ÐÌThis€objection€does€not€preclude€the€entry€into€force€of€the€Convention€between€the€Federal€RepublicÐ ø$H # Ðof€Germany€and€Qatar."Ð ä%4!$ ÐÌòòÌNoteóóÐ ¨(ø#' ÐÌIn€this€regard,€the€Secretary-General€received€communications€from€the€following€Governments€onÐ €*Ð%) Ðthe€dates€indicated€hereinafter:Ð l+¼&* Їò òGermanyó ó€(17€December€1999):Ð ° ÐÌ"€The€Government€of€the€Federal€Republic€of€Germany€notes€that€the€said€declaration€constitutes€aÐ ŒÜ Ðreservation€of€a€general€nature.€A€reservation€according€to€which€article€14€paragraph€1€of€theÐ xÈ ÐConvention€will€only€be€applied€by€the€Government€of€the€People's€Republic€of€Bangladesh€"inÐ d´ Ðconsonance€with€the€existing€laws€and€legislation€in€the€country"€raises€doubts€as€to€the€fullÐ P   Ðcommitment€of€Bangladesh€to€the€object€and€purpose€of€the€Convention.€It€is€in€the€common€interestÐ < Œ Ðof€States€that€treaties€to€which€they€have€chosen€to€become€Parties€are€respected,€as€to€their€objectÐ ( x Ðand€purpose,€by€all€Parties€and€that€States€are€prepared€to€undertake€any€legislative€changesÐ  d Ðnecessary€to€comply€with€their€obligations€under€these€treaties.Ð  P  ÐÌThe€Government€of€the€Federal€Republic€of€Germany€therefore€objects€to€the€reservation€made€byÐ Ø(  Ðthe€Government€of€the€People's€Republic€of€Bangladesh€to€the€Convention.€This€objection€does€notÐ Ä  Ðpreclude€the€entry€into€force€of€the€Convention€between€the€Federal€Republic€of€Germany€and€theÐ °  ÐPeople's€Republic€of€Bangladesh".Ð œì  Ð...ò òòòÐ ˆØ  Ðóóó óòòÔUK.,US.,ƒžÔ(Note€14,€Chapter€IV.9,€Multilateral€Treaties€Deposited€with€the€Secretary„General)óóÔUSUK.,ÔÐ tÄ ÐÔUK.,US.,ÀªÔÌÌò òòòDECLARATION€RE:€ARTICLES€21€AND€22Ð 8ˆ ÐÌó óóóÔUSUK.,Ô19€October€2001Ð ` ÐÌIn€accordance€with€article€21€(1)€of€the€Convention,€the€Federal€Republic€of€Germany€declares€thatÐ è8 Ðit€recognizes€the€competence€of€the€Committee€against€Torture€to€receive€and€considerÐ Ô$ Ðcommunications€to€the€effect€that€a€State€Party€claims€that€another€State€Party€is€not€fulfilling€itsÐ À Ðobligations€under€the€Convention.€In€accordance€with€article€22€(1)€of€the€Convention,€the€FederalÐ ¬ü ÐRepublic€of€Germany€declares€that€it€recognizes€the€competence€of€the€Committee€against€TortureÐ ˜è Ðto€receive€and€consider€communications€from€or€on€behalf€of€individuals€subject€to€its€jurisdictionÐ „Ô Ðwho€claim€to€be€victims€of€a€violation€by€the€Federal€Republic€of€Germany€of€the€provisions€of€theÐ pÀ ÐConvention.ÔUK.,US.,G«Ôà ` à