WPC _]`Ɗɞ“Q^pYw #OVX^Ji'P dC5r\'BߊEہrɏ7^QJ*uR /x~#\@=?ySӨl_@DrGf%G4ot?a-sCVѓ0n9ِnұ<_yL9c!ԓkП˸cL b~_r!E$d5d]ml$~Y@X=VIZpF뚯Hu @f "{rɇ:ymj\:&KpsLnc's.p1õQݵoFϻkeI ńB@+7; ȡ&/DFa#{گOy5E*ƥ$pT,i4y׭\Gokr3S #UNw % 0:U>^ CwO4Sgv mxNHP LaserJet 6P/6MP - Standard0(hH  Z6Times New Roman RegularX($UKUS.,\  `&Times New Romanp?. D->3|xU !UKUS.,  _ XX  ISRAEL #XrX@#  _ SpecialActionorDecisionsTakenRe:ReportingCE.,UK.,   UK.,CE.,USUK., CATA/52/44   24.TheCommitteewasinformedbythemediaduringthesessionthattheSupremeCourtofIsrael x  haddeclaredlawfultheuseofphysicalpressurebytheIsraelisecurityservicesininterrogating h  specificsuspectsofterroristactswithaviewtoobtainingfromtheminformationwhichwould X  preventtheperpetrationofcriminalactsinthefuture.TheCommitteetooktheviewthat,ifthe H   informationwascorrect,thedecisiontakenbytheSupremeCourtofIsraelwasincompatiblewith 8  theprovisionsoftheConvention. (x  25.InaletterthattheChairmanoftheCommitteeaddressedontheCommittee'sbehalftothe X  PermanentRepresentativeofIsraeltotheUnitedNationsOfficeatGenevaon22November1996, H  itwasrecalledthatarticle2,paragraph2,oftheConventionprovidesthatnoexceptional 8 circumstanceswhatsoever,whetherastateofwarorathreatofwar,internalpoliticalinstabilityor ( anyotherpublicemergency,maybeinvokedasajustificationoftorture.Referencewasalsomade  toarticle19,paragraph1,oftheConvention,whichstipulatesthattheStatespartiesshallsubmit  supplementaryreportseveryfouryearsonanynewmeasurestakenandsuchotherreportsasthe  Committeemayrequest.Accordingly,theCommitteeinvitedtheGovernmentofIsraeltosubmitas  amatterofurgencyaspecialreportonthequestionofthedecisiontakenbytheSupremeCourtand  itsimplicationfortheimplementationoftheConventioninIsrael.TheCommitteeindicated31 x January1997asthetimelimitforthesubmissionofthereport.TheGovernmentofIsraelsubmitted h thespecialreporton6December1996andrevisediton17February1997. X   H  CATA/56/44    XrXXXrUK.,US.,G VIII.DISCUSSIONONTHESITUATIONOFTHEOCCUPIEDPALESTINIANTERRITORY  INTHELIGHTOFARTICLE16OFTHECONVENTION    214.On22November2000,theCommitteeheldapreliminaryexchangeofviewsontheabove `  subjectattherequestofMr.El_Masry_,whoproposedthatIsraelshouldsubmitaspecialreport.The P  Committee,however,decidedtopostponethediscussionofthequestiontoitstwentysixthsession. @   215.On16May2001theCommitteeagainheldanexchangeofviewsontheissue.Asaresult,it  p  decidedtoconsiderthethirdperiodicreportofIsraelatitstwentyseventhsessioninNovember `  2001.TheCommitteealsodecidedtorequestanopinionfromtheUnitedNationsLegalCounsel P  onthequestionoftheapplicabilityoftheConventionintheoccupiedPalestinianterritory. @  #XrXXXr #USUK.,  0    <  CAT/C/SR.452(2000)   COMMITTEEAGAINSTTORTURE  Twentyfifthsession p SUMMARYRECORDOFTHEPUBLICPARTOFTHE452ndMEETING `  Wednesday,22November2000,at10a.m. P  ... 0  DiscussionofthesituationintheOccupiedPalestinianTerritoryinthelightofarticle16ofthe `  Convention P  15.TheCHAIRMANinvitedMr.El_Masry_,whohadraisedthequestionofthesituationinthe 0  OccupiedPalestinianTerritoryasamatterofurgency,tointroducethetopic.   16.Mr.EL_MASRY_Ԁsaidthatduringtheprevious7weeks,morethan230Palestinians,onethird  ofthemchildren,hadbeenkilledbytheIsraelisecurityforces.Therewerestrongindicationsthat  youngpeoplewerebeingtargeted,sincealmostallyoungvictimshadbeenkilledbyshotstothe  headorchest.ThesecurityforceswereusingexcessiveforceagainstPalestiniandemonstratorsin  clearviolationofUnitedNationsBasicPrinciplesontheUseofForceandFirearmsbyLaw p EnforcementOfficials,whichrequiredsuchofficialstominimizedamageandinjuries,torespectand ` preservehumanlife,toensurethatfirearmswereusedonlyinappropriatecircumstancesandina P mannerlikelytodecreasetheriskofunnecessaryharm.Israelwasactuallymaximizingdamageand @ injuryandshowingnorespectforhumanlife.Itwasusingweaponsthatwerenotdesignedfor 0 policingviolentdemonstrationsbutforuseincombatsituations,suchastanks,artillery,helicopter  p _gunships_Ԁandevenwarships.Thedisproportionateandindiscriminateuseofforceandcollective ` punishmentthroughthedemolitionofhousesandclosuresoftheOccupiedPalestinianTerritory P clearlyconstitutedseriousviolationsofhumanrightsaswellascruel,inhumananddegrading @ treatmentandpunishmentwithinthemeaningofarticle16oftheConvention. 0 17.AccordingtoareportbyAmnestyInternationaldated5November2000,impunityforthosewho ! committedhumanrightsviolationsandthefailuretoinvestigatethemanydeathsatthehandsofthe "  securityforceshadledtoabreakdownintheruleoflaw.On5October2000,oneweekafterthe #! outbreakofthedemonstrations,AmnestyInternationalhadsenttwodelegatestoinvestigatethe $" situation,astaffmemberandaformerBritishpoliceofficerwhohadspecializedinpublicorder % # policing.Inthelightoftheirfindings,AmnestyInternationalhadexpressedconcernthattheIsraeli p&!$ securityforceshadrepeatedlyresortedtoexcessivelethalforce,leadingtounlawfulkillings,in `'"% circumstancesinwhichthelivesofthesecurityforcesandotherswerenotinimminentdanger.The P(#& securityforceshadalsoallegedlyimpededtheaccessofthewoundedtomedicalassistanceina @)$' numberofcases. 0*%( 18.Thenormalcodeofconductfordealingwithviolentdemonstrationscalledfortheuse,atthe ,`'* outset,ofnonlethalmethodsofcontrol,followedbythefiringofwarningshots.Ifthe -P(+ demonstratorsstillfailedtodisperse,thenextstepwastofireatthelegsandnotatthechestorhead. -@), On15November,amemberoftheIsraeliParliament,theKnesset,Ms._Tamar_Ԁ_Gojanski_,hadstated  thattheIsraeliGovernmentwascarryingoutapremeditatedpolicyofkillingfivePalestiniansaday  andinjuringmanymore.  19.AstheeventshehaddescribedwereoccurringwhiletheCommitteewasinsession,hefeltit p washisdutytobringupthematter.TheleasttheCommitteecoulddowouldbetoaskIsraelto `  respondtotheallegationscontainedintheAmnestyInternationalreport,totakeimmediateaction P  toensurethatitssecurityforcescompliedwithinternationalstandardsgoverningtheconductoflaw @  enforcementofficials,tobringtojusticeallpersonsresponsibleforunlawfulkillingsandtopay 0  compensationtothefamiliesofthevictims.  p  20.Ms._GAER_ԀsaidthattheconcernsraisedbyMr.El_Masry_Ԁwerebasedlargelyoninformation P  providedbyAmnestyInternational.Butalargenumberoforganizationshadconductedpreliminary @  investigationsandcometodifferentconclusions,presentingamorecomplexpictureandindicating 0  thattherewereproblems,abuses,mistakesandprovocationsonallsides.Theallegationsbythe   variouspartieshadbeendiscussedinpoliticalbodies.Humanitarianvehicleshadallegedlybeen  misused.Issuessuchasinsufficientregardforhumanlife,theuseofexcessiveforce,collective  punishmentandtheuseofchildrenhadallbeenaddressedindetail.TheHighCommissionerfor  Humanrightshadspokenoftheproblemsonbothsides.AmnestyInternationalhad,toher  knowledge,referredspecificallytotortureinonlyonecase,namelythetorture,mutilationandkilling  oftwoIsraeliofficialsinapolicestation. p 21.ItwasimportantfortheCommitteetomaintainitstraditionalapproachtomattersofconcern P undertheConvention.Shequestionedtheappropriatenessofaddressingsuchmattersinan @ emergencysituationarisingfromaconflict.Moreover,theworkofotherbodiesshouldnotbe 0 duplicated.TheCommitteeshouldpreserveitsimpartiality,professionalism,balanceand  p transparencyandavoidpoliticization.TheUnitedNationsSecretaryGeneralhadplayedarolein ` addressingthecurrentsituationintheMiddleEast;theHighCommissionerforHumanRightshad P conductedaninvestigation;afactfindingmissionhadbeencreatedatthe_Sharm_ԀelSheikhsummit @ of17October2000andotherformsofofficialactionhadbeentaken.Shefailedtoseewhat 0 appropriatecontributiontheCommitteecouldmakeinthatcontext.   22.Stressingtheneedforproceduralfairnessanddueprocess,shequeriedtheappropriatenessof "  requestingaspecialreportunderarticle19oftheConvention.Thearticle20procedurewas #! triggeredonlybyallegationsofsystematictorture.Ifarticle16wascitedasofferinggroundsfor $" requestingareport,itcouldbearguedthatreportscouldalsobedemandedforviolationsofother % # articlessuchasthefailureofStatespartiestoinvestigatecasesoftorture,toprosecuteorextradite p&!$ torturersortoprovideremediesforcomplainants.Thecountryinquestionwasinastateofconflict. `'"% TheCommittee'spracticehadbeentorefrainfromtakingactionduringaconflagration.For P(#& example,ithadsuspendeditsinquiryintothesituationinYugoslaviaduringthe_Kosovo_Ԁconflict. @)$' ShewonderedwhethertheCommitteehadanythingusefultocontributebyinterveningatthat 0*%( juncture.ItshouldgiveprioritytoitsotherobligationsundertheConvention.  +p&) 23.TheCommitteeshouldalsobepreparedtotakeabalancedviewofsuchissues,considering -P(+ informationfrombothsidesthatpresentedexistingconcernsinafairandappropriateway.The -@), UnitedNationsSecretaryGeneralhadpubliclycriticizedtheappearanceofbiasinUnitedNations  resolutionsdealingwithIsrael.Hehadsaidinrecentweeksthatlanguagecouldalsoconstitute  violenceandhadexpressedthehopethattheinternationalcommunitywouldweighitswords  carefully,becausewordscouldinflameorsooth.  24.HadtheCommitteeconsidered,moreover,thatitmightsetaprecedentbyaddressingsituations `  ofarmedconflict?SheproposedthatitshouldawaitIsrael'snextperiodicreportandtreatitwith P  nolessproceduralfairnessthanotherStatespartiestotheConvention. @  25.Mr._CAMARA_ԀdrewtheCommittee'sattentiontoCommissiononHumanRightsresolution  p  2000/6onthequestionoftheviolationofhumanrightsintheoccupiedArabterritories,including `  Palestine,whichcondemnedthecontinuedviolationsofhumanrightsintheOccupiedPalestinian P  Territory,includingEastJerusalem,inparticularthecontinuationofactsofwoundingandkilling @  perpetratedbyIsraelisoldiersandsettlersagainstPalestinians,inadditiontothedetentionof 0  thousandsofPalestinianswithouttrial.ItfurthercondemnedtheuseoftortureagainstPalestinians   duringinterrogation,asitconstitutedagravebreachoftheprinciplesofinternationalhumanitarian  lawandtheConventionagainstTorture,andcalledupontheGovernmentofIsraeltoputanend  immediatelytotheuseofsuchpractices.ItrequestedtheSecretaryGeneraltobringtheresolution  totheattention,interalia,oftheGovernmentconcernedandofthecompetentUnitedNationsbodies.  WhentheCommissiononHumanRights,abodywithaverybroadmandate,referredtotheuseof  torture,couldtheCommitteeaffordtoremainsilent?WhentheCommitteehadlearnedsometime p previouslyoftheIsraeliSupremeCourtrulingtotheeffectthattorturewaspermissibleundercertain ` circumstances,ithadinitiatedadialoguewiththeStateparty.Itwasalsodutyboundtoaddressthe P concernsexpressedinthepresentcontextregardingpossibleviolationsoftheConvention. @ 26.Mr._MAVROMMATIS_ԀsaidthatheappreciatedthereasonsthathadledMr.El_Masry_Ԁtobring  p themattertotheCommittee'sattention.Innocentliveshadbeenlost,andthereappearedtobe ` generalagreementthatexcessiveforcewasbeingused.Hissympathywenttothevictimsonboth P sides.TheCommitteeshouldseekguidancefromCommissiononHumanRightsresolution2000/6, @ whichdecidedtoestablishahumanrightsinquirycommissiontoreporttotheCommissioninApril 0 2001,toasktheHighCommissionerforHumanRightstoconductaninvestigationonthespotand   torequestanumberofspecial_rapporteurs_,includingtheSpecialRapporteuronthequestionof ! torture,tolookintothesituationandreporttotheGeneralAssembly.TheCommitteeshouldnot "  takeanydecisionuntilithadthatadditional,impartialinformationonwhethertorturewasinvolved. #! HeagreedwithMs._Gaer_ԀthattheCommitteeshouldtakecarenottoappeartopoliticize. $" 27.Mr._GONZLEZ_Ԁ_POBLETE_ԀsaidthattheCommissiononHumanRightswasapoliticalbody, p&!$ whereastheCommitteeagainstTorturewasatechnicalone,anditsmemberswereindependent `'"% experts.TheConventiondidnotempowertheCommitteetotakeactioninthecurrentsituation.The P(#& CommitteecouldnotconsideradocumentpresentedbyAmnestyInternationalunderthearticle22 @)$' procedure,becauseIsraelhadnotmadethedeclarationunderthatprovision.Furthermore,therewas 0*%( aquestionofwhetherIsraelshouldbeaskedtoreportontheSupremeCourtdecisionallowingthe  +p&) useofforcebythesecurityservicestoobtainstatements.TheCommitteehadexaminedthat ,`'* possibility,butthathadbeenregardedasfollowup,since,whentheCommitteehadconsidered -P(+ Israel'sreport,ithadcriticizedthereportforjustifyingthedecisionallowingIsraelisecurityforces -@), toapply"moderatephysicalpressure",tousetheeuphemism,duringinvestigationsofactsof  terrorism.Accordingly,theCommitteecouldnottakeanyaction,sincethesituationcameunder  neitherarticle22norarticle19;nordidtheCommitteehavesufficientinformationtodetermine  whetheritwasdealingwiththearticle20procedure.However,itshouldbeinapositiontoconsider  whatroomfor_manoeuvre_Ԁithad. p 28.Mr.YU_Mengjia_ԀsaidthattheCommitteewascurrentlywitnessinganalarmingescalationof P  theconflictintheMiddleEast,whichwasfraughtwithgraveconsequences.Mr.El_Masry_Ԁhad @  referredtotheexcessiveuseoflethalforce.Therealreadyseemedtobesufficientinformation 0  available.TheCommissiononHumanRightsresolutiontowhichMr._Camara_Ԁhadreferred  p  specificallymentionedtheissueoftorture,whichofcoursewaswithintheCommittee'spurview. `  HethereforedidnotthinkitwasexcessivetoasktheIsraeliauthoritiestorespondtotheallegations P  andtotakesuitablemeasuresinconformitywiththeConvention. @  29.Mr._YAKOVLEV_ԀnotedthattheHighCommissionerforHumanRightshadstressedthatthe   routetoallprotectionofhumanrightslaythroughtheconclusionofajustanddurablepeace,that  thefutureofPalestinewoulddependlargelyontheabilityofbothcommunitiestoputasidethoughts  ofrevengeandthatallpartiesmustrefrainfromwordsoractionsthatwouldexacerbatethecurrent  dangerousandsensitivesituation.TheCommittee'sdecisionshouldbetakeninthatlight.Inthe  currentdifficultsituation,theCommittee'sactionsandwordsshouldservetobringtheparties  togetherandnottoantagonizethemfurther,therebyjeopardizingprospectsforarealpeace.He p agreedwiththegeneralthrustoftheHighCommissioner'sappeal. ` 30.Mr._RASMUSSEN_ԀsaidthathefullysympathizedwithMr.El_Masry_'sdesiretodosomething @ inresponsetotheterriblesituation.ButMr._Gonzlez_Ԁ_Poblete_'spointwaswelltaken:itwasnot 0 clearthatitwasintheCommittee'smandatetodowhatwasbeingproposed.Moreover,the  p CommitteeshouldtreatallStatespartiesequally.Awfulthingswerecurrentlyoccurringinmany ` countries,buttheCommitteedidnothavethepowertomonitorthesituationallovertheworld P simultaneously.IftheCommitteetookactioninthecurrentcase,itmightbeaccusedofnothaving @ donesoinothercountrieswheresimilarorevenworsethingswerehappening.Butifitdecidedto 0 reactineverycase,itwouldneedtodosoonapermanentbasis,andthatwasnotpossible,because   itwasinsessiononlyfiveweeksayear.Ifanotherurgentmatterrequiringactionweretocomeup ! inDecember,theCommitteewouldopenitselftocriticismfornottakingactioninwhatmightbe "  anevenworsecase. #! 31.Mr.EL_MASRY_,respondingtomembers'comments,saidfirstthat,whilemanysourcescould % # confirmthefacts,hehadquotedAmnestyInternationalbecauseitwasregardedbytheCommittee p&!$ asaveryreliable,unbiasedsource.Hecouldalsocitethememberofthemissionsentbythe `'"% EuropeanUnion,whohadspokenof150familieswhohadlosttheirhomesafteraheavyartillery P(#& bombardment.TheHighCommissionerhadanofficeinGaza;unfortunately,Israelrefusedto @)$' receiveanyUnitedNationsrepresentative.InherstatementtotheCommissiononHumanRights, 0*%( theHighCommissionerhadconcludedthatintheirattemptstodispersePalestiniandemonstrators,  +p&) theIsraelimilitaryauthoritieshadusedliveammunition,rubbercoatedsteelbulletsandteargas,and ,`'* thatthemajorityofPalestiniancasualtieshadreportedlybeentotheupperpartofthebody, -P(+ includingeyeinjuriessustainedthroughthefiringofrubberbullets.Hedidnotunderstandthe -@), Committee's_reluctanceaboutIsrael,giventheverysevereviolationsofhumanrightsandill  treatmentofthePalestinianpeople.  32.HetookissuewithMs.Gaer'sdescriptionoftheeventsinPalestineasarmedconflict.Onthe  oneside,therewasanoccupyingpowerthathadconfinedthePalestiniansto22percentoftheland, p whichithadfurtherdividedbyestablishingsettlementsandbuildinghighways;ontheotherside, `  thereweremeredemonstrators.Theoccupyingpowerwasresponsibleforthesafetyofthepeople P  intheoccupiedterritories.Whatwasoccurringwasnotarmedconflict,buttheuseofbruteforce @  indealingwithdemonstrationsinviolationofinternationallaw.TheCommitteewasmerelyasking 0  theStatepartytorespondtotheallegations.Itwasallthemorepertinenttoraisetheissueinthe  p  CommitteesinceIsraeldisregardedallUnitedNationspoliticalbodies,whereasitwaslegally `  requiredtorespondtotheCommittee.IftheCommitteesimplyexpresseditsconcernsandasked P  Israeltorespond,itwouldhaveanopportunitytoconsiderthesituationatitsMay2001session. @  33.AsforMr.Rasmussen'spoint,itjusthappenedthatthesituationunderdiscussionwastaking   placeatthecurrenttime,butifasimilarsituationarosebetweensessions,theCommitteecouldask  theStatepartytorespondatitsfollowingsession.HethoughtthatthatwaswithintheCommittee's  mandate.Thecredibilityofthetreatymonitoringbodieswasatstake:howcouldtheCommitteenot  asktheStatepartyasimplequestionwhen,everyevening,televisionreportsshowedbulldozers  demolishinghousesofrelativesofsuspects?  34.Mr.RASMUSSENwonderedwhatMr.ElMasry'sreactionwouldbeifhewereaskedwhy,at ` itsMay2000session,theCommitteehadnottakenupthequestionofthesituationinChechnyaor P requestedtheRussianFederationtoexplainwhatwashappeningthere. @ 35.Mr.CAMARAsaidthatastheCommissiononHumanRightshadconcludedthattorturewas  p takingplacesystematically,theCommitteecouldhardlyclosethecurrentsessionwithouttakingany ` action. P 36.TheCHAIRMANsaidhethoughttheissuesanddifferencesofopinionintheCommitteewere 0 quiteclear.TheCommitteeneededtotakeadecision.IsraelwasduetoreporttotheCommitteeat   theMay2001session.HesharedtheviewexpressedbyMr.Mavrommatis:theCommitteemight ! beaccusedofpoliticalinterference,becauseitwasengaginginadiscussionwithveryfewofthe "  factsinfrontofit. #! 37.HenotedthatMr.ElMasrywasinfactproposingamotiontotheeffectthattheCommittee % # requestfromIsraelanadditionalreportpursuanttoarticle19describingthecurrentconditionsinthe p&!$ occupiedArabterritoriesandhowtheirmilitaryresponseinsubduingpublicdisorderdidnotbreach `'"% article16oftheCommittee.Astheredidnotappeartobeaconsensus,theCommitteewouldneed P(#& tovoteonMr.ElMasry'smotion. @)$' 38.Mr.ELMASRYsaidthathewishedtopointoutasanadditionalpieceofinformationthatthe  +p&) CommissiononHumanRightsresolutionhadexpressedgraveconcernatthewidespread,systematic ,`'* andgrossviolationofhumanrightsperpetratedbytheIsraelioccupyingpower,inparticularmass -P(+ killingsandcollectivepunishment._ -@), Ї39.TheCHAIRMANrecalledthattheCommissiononHumanRightswasnotabodyofexperts,  norwasitabodywhichmadeobjectivefindingsoffactinthewaythetreatymonitoringbodiesdid.  40.Mr.EL_MASRY_ԀnotedthatasimilarsituationhadarisenwithregardtoEgypt,whosereporthad  beendue:theCommitteehadreceivedinformationrequiringaresponse,andithadsoughtan p additionalreport,buthaddecidedthatsincethereporthadbeenduetwomonthslater,ithadasked `  theStatepartytoincludeinformationonthatmattertherein.TheCommitteecoulddothesamein P  thecurrentcase. @  41.TheCHAIRMANsaidthatanotherpossibilitywasfortheCommitteetoraisethequestiononce  p  ithadreceivedtheinformation. `  42.Mr._MAVROMMATIS_,speakingonapointoforder,movedthatthediscussionbepostponed @  untilthenextsession. 0  43.Mr._RASMUSSEN_ԀandMr._YAKOVLEV_Ԁsecondedthemotion.  44.TheCHAIRMANnotedthatanymotiontopostponetookprecedenceoveranysubstantive  motion.  45.Ms._GAER_Ԁaskedforthemotiontobeputtoavote. p 46.ThemotiontopostponethediscussionofthequestionuntilthesessionofMay2001was P adoptedby7votesto1. @ Themeetingroseat1p.m.  p YUK.,US.,USUK.,  `  CAT/C/SR.480(2001)   COMMITTEEAGAINSTTORTURE  Twentysixthsession p SUMMARYRECORDOFTHEFIRSTPART(PUBLIC)OFTHE480thMEETING `  Wednesday,16May2001,at10a.m. P  ... 0    DISCUSSIONONTHESITUATIONOFTHEOCCUPIEDPALESTINIANTERRITORYINTHE `  LIGHTOFARTICLE16OFTHECONVENTION(agendaitem9) P  1.TheCHAIRMANinvitedMr.El_Masry_Ԁtopresentsuggestionsontheitem. 0  2.Mr.EL_MASRY_Ԁrecalledthatthedecisiontoplacetheitemunderconsiderationontheagenda  forthepresentsessionhadbeentakenbytheCommitteeattheprevioussession.SinceNovember  2000,thesituationofthePalestiniansintheoccupiedterritorieshaddeterioratedandhopesforpeace  stoodtobeirretrievablylostunless,astheSpecialRapporteuronthePalestinianterritoriesoccupied  byIsraelhadrecommended,measuresweretakentorestoreconfidence.Inthatregard,the  establishmentofahumanrightsframeworkwasindispensable.TheCommitteehadawealthof p information,bothfromUnitedNationsdocumentsandfromthereportsofnongovernmental ` organizations(_NGOs_),indicatingflagrantbreachesbyIsraelofvariousarticlesoftheConvention, P andnotsolelyofarticle16.Hewouldconfinehisremarkstoanumberofpracticesgravely @ transgressingtheprovisionsofthatarticle.Referring,firstandforemost,totheexcessiveuseof 0 force,hesaidthat,accordingtothecommissionofinquirysetupbytheCommissiononHuman  p RightsinOctober2000,almostallofthevictimshadbeenhitbyrealbulletsandrubberbulletsa ` misleadingtermsincetheywerecoatedwithaverythinlayerofrubber.InFebruary2001,the P commissionofinquiryhadplacedthedeathtollat311Palestiniansand47Israelis,andthenumber @ ofwoundedat11,575Palestiniansand466Israelis.ThenumberofPalestinianvictimsathirdof 0 themchildrenhadsincenearlydoubled.Thecommissionofinquiryhadfoundconsiderable   evidenceofindiscriminatefiringatciviliansandhadconcludedthattheuseoflethalweapons ! againstdemonstratorsandthewidespreaddestructionofhomesandpropertyalongthesettlement "  roadscouldnotbeconsideredproportionatetothecircumstances.TheInternationalFederationof #! WomenLawyersandtheInternationalCommissionofJuristshadindicatedthatteargasandwater $" cannons,showntobeeffectiveinquicklydispersingviolentdemonstrationswhennecessary,had % # rarelybeenused.Sincethebeginningofthe_intifada_,Israelhadindiscriminatelyusedagainst p&!$ civiliansawholerangeofheavyweaponsnormallyusedonlyformilitarywarfare,includingtanks, `'"% helicoptersandwarships.ThemajorityofPalestiniancasualtieshadbeenhitintheupperpartofthe P(#& body,whichsuggestedaclearintentiontokill.Suchconductwasunjustifiable,sincetheevidence @)$' suggestedthatthelivesofIsraelisoldiershadnotbeenindanger.TheIsraeliforcesalsousedhigh 0*%( velocitybulletsthatsplinteredonimpact,demonstratingtheintentiontokillortocauseserious  +p&) injury,andnotmerelytodispersedemonstrators.TwentysevenpercentofthePalestinianskilled ,`'* hadbeenchildrenundertheageof18.IsraelclaimedthatthePalestinianauthoritiesindoctrinated -P(+ thechildrenandthenorganizedtheirparticipationindemonstrations.Didthatjustifykillingthem? -@), WhileacknowledgingthatsomechildrenwerelikelytohavebeenexposedtoantiIsraeli  propaganda,thecommissionofinquiryhademphasizedthatthedemonstrationsweresubstantially  theresultofthehumiliationandfrustrationfeltbychildrenandtheirfamiliesafteryearsof  occupation.  3.ReportsdescribingthesufferingundergonebydetainedPalestinianchildrenwereindeed `  disturbing.Accordingto_Defence_ԀforChildrenInternational,over300Palestinianchildrenwere P  detainedinIsraeliprisons,inpotentiallylifethreateningconditions.Reportsindicatedthatchildren @  weretorturedatthetimeofarrest,andduringinterrogationandimprisonment.TheIsraeli 0  authoritieshadthusfarignoredappealsmadebyhumanrightsorganizationsonbehalfofsuch  p  children.Intheupdatetohismissionreport(E/CN.4/2001/30),theSpecialRapporteurcitedIsraeli `  MilitaryOrder132,whichauthorizedthearrestanddetentionofPalestinianchildrenaged12to14. P  Therewerecurrentlysome250childrenbetweentheagesof14and17intheIsraeliprisons. @  Moreover,childrenwereapparentlyimprisonedwithadults,whichcontravenedtheprovisionsof 0  severalinternationalinstruments,amongthemtheConventionagainstTorture.   4.AsforthedegradingandinhumantreatmenttowhichthePalestinianshadbeensubjectedsince  theadventoftheoccupation,hewouldpointoutthattheWestBankandGazarepresented22per  centofthePalestinianterritory.Theoriginalinhabitantswerecrampedbytheinfluxofrefugees  fromtheregionthatnowconstitutedIsrael.ThebulkofthePalestinianpopulationlivedinthat  limitedarea.FloutingitsobligationsundertheFourthGenevaConvention,Israelhadbuilt90 p settlements,where380,000ofitscitizenslived.Thepresenceofthesettlementswasaggravatedby ` thedailydiscriminatorypracticesoftheoccupyingpower.Tellingly,Gazawasdividedintotwo P parts:thefirst,or42percentofitsterritory,wasreservedfor6,000settlers,andthesecond,or58 @ percentoftheterritory,wasinhabitedby1.2millionPalestinians.Mostwererefugeeslivingin 0 crowdedcampswithpoorsanitaryconditions.ThesettlerswereprotectedbytheIsraelimilitaryand  p exemptedfromthejurisdictionofthePalestiniancourts.Restrictionsonthemovementsofthe ` Palestinianpopulationgenerallytookfourforms:comprehensiveclosureoftheoccupiedterritories, P includingthesocalledsafepassagezonebetweenGazaandtheWestBank;internalclosure @ imposedontownsandvillages;curfews;andclosureofinternationalcrossingpointsbetweenthe 0 Palestinianterritoriesand_neighbouring_Ԁcountries.Israelhadrecentlyintensifieditsfragmentation   oftheoccupiedterritories.Inthatregard,theSpecialRapporteurhadindicatedthatIsraelhad ! dividedGazaintofourpartsandtheWestBankinto60zones,diggingtrenchesanderectingconcrete "  barrierstorestrictthemovementofpeopleandgoodsbetweenthezones.TheWorldOrganization #! againstTorturehadobservedthattheinternalclosureoftheterritoriesresultedinthecreationof $" isolatedenclaves,inwhichthepopulationlivedunderavirtualstateofsiege.Amongmany % # examplesoftragicincidentscausedbysuchcircumstances,hecitedthecasesoftwopersonswho p&!$ haddiedbecausetheyhadbeenunabletoreachahospitalintime.Reportscontainednumerous `'"% examplesofhumiliation,illtreatmentandviolenceagainstPalestiniancitizensatcheckpoints.All P(#& suchmeasureswereclearlydisproportionatetothesecurityconcernsoftheIsraelisettlers,whose @)$' illegalpresenceintheoccupiedterritorieshadbeendenouncedbytheinternationalcommunity. 0*%( Rather,suchmeasuresamountedtopoliticalretaliationconstitutingaformofcollectivepunishment  +p&) againstthewholePalestinianpopulation,andwereaclearviolationofarticle16oftheConvention. ,`'* TheSpecialRapporteurhadalsoindicatedthatIsraeliofficershadadmittedthatthearmywas -P(+ carryingoutapolicyofextrajudicialexecutionsagainstPalestinianssuspectedofhavingcommitted -@), attacksagainstIsraelisettlersorsoldiers.Thirteenpersonshadbeenambushedandkilledbyfire  fromheavyweapons.TheSpecialRapporteurhaddenouncedthosekillingsasagraveviolationof  theFourthGenevaConventionandoftheprinciplesofhumanitarianlaw.TheUnitedNations  commissionofinquiryhaddecidedtopayspecialattentiontothosekillings,becausetheyhadbeen  officiallyacknowledged,promotedandcondonedatthehighestlevelsoftheIsraeliGovernment. p TheshootingofDr._Thabet_ԀAhmad_Thabet_,ahighofficialinthePalestinianMinistryofHealth,was `  aglaringinstanceofapoliticalassassination.HiswidowhadsubmittedapetitiontotheIsraeli P  SupremeCourt,whichhadbeendismissedalthoughtheIsraeliprosecutorhadpresentednoevidence @  implicatingthevictim.Israelcontendedthatthevictimsoftargetedpoliticalassassinationswere 0  combatants.However,accordingtothecommissionofinquiry,thevictimshadbeendressedas  p  civiliansandhadnotbeenparticipatinginhostilitiesatthetimetheywerekilled,andIsraelhad `  presentednoevidencetobackupitscontention.Intheabsenceofdueprocess,apromptand P  impartialinvestigation,prosecutionoftheperpetratorsandcompensationtothevictims,those @  executionsweresurelyviolationsofarticle2,paragraph2,andarticles12,13,14and16ofthe 0  Convention.   5.AttentionmustalsobedrawntothesufferingofthePalestiniansasaresultofthedestructionof  theirhousesandproperty.AccordingtotheSpecialRapporteur,thehomesofatleast173families  hadbeendestroyedbyIsraeliforcesbetweenSeptember2000andFebruary2001.Thevarioustypes  ofcollectivepunishmentinflictedonthePalestinianpopulationbytheIsraeliforcesincludedtheuse  ofartilleryagainstresidentialareas,thedestructionofagriculturalland,andtheconsiderabledamage p to,interalia,waterwellsandoliveandcitrusplantations.Allthoseviolations,whichcaused ` indescribablesufferingtothepopulationoftheoccupiedPalestinianterritories,couldnotbejustified P onmilitaryorsecuritygroundsandhadbeencommittedsolelyforthepurposesofintimidation. @ 6.HecalledontheCommitteetopronounceonanumberofissues,including,firstandforemost,  p theapplicabilityoftheConventionintheoccupiedPalestinianterritoriesandtheresponsibilityof ` theStateofIsraelinthePalestinianterritories.Meanwhile,however,Israelclaimedthatthose P territorieswerenolongerwithinitsjurisdictionandthatitsresponsibilityundertheConventiondid @ notapply.VariousUnitedNationstreatybodiesthoughtotherwise.Second,hehopedthe 0 CommitteewouldurgeIsraeltoputanendtothosepracticesintheoccupiedterritories,which   constitutedseriousbreachesoftheprovisionsoftheConvention,andinparticulartodesistfromits ! policyofcollectivepunishment,includingtheclosureofthePalestinianterritories.Israelshould "  alsobeaskedtodesistfromusinglethalforceandexcessiveforce,andfromcarryingout #! extrajudicialexecutions,andtoholdaccountabletheauthorsofsuchexecutions,whoshouldnot $" enjoyimpunity.TheStatepartyshouldalsobecalledontoissueimmediateinstructionstoallthe % # authoritiesconcernedtostrictlyrefrainfromusingforceagainstambulances,fromimpedingthe p&!$ provisionofmedicalreliefandfromblockingaccesstohospitalsbythesickandinjuredand `'"% pregnantwomen.Israelshouldalsobeexhortedtorefrainfromshootingatunarmedchildren. P(#& Moreover,theCommitteeshouldexpressitsconcernabouttheimpactofsuchpoliciesandother @)$' formsofcruel,inhumanordegradingtreatmentonthewholehumanrightsapparatus,and 0*%( particularlytheerosionoftheprincipleofindividualresponsibilityandtherighttodueprocessof  +p&) law.Lastly,herecommendedthattheCommitteeshouldrequesttheStatepartytosubmitan ,`'* additionalreportonthesituationofhumanrightsintheoccupiedterritorieswithrespecttothe -P(+ provisionsoftheConvention,sincethethirdperiodicreportreceivedbytheSecretariatinMarchdid -@), notaddressthatsubject.Bywayofconclusion,hequotedapassagefromthereportofthe  commissionofinquiry,whichobservedthatacommitmenttoobjectivitydidnotimplyapostureof  neutralitywithrespecttotheviolationsofhumanrights.  7.TheCHAIRMANsaidthathewouldnotliketoseetheCommitteeagainstTorture,anexpert p body,turnintoapoliticalorgan,andaskedMr.El_Masry_Ԁwhatarticlehisinitiativewasbasedon. `  8.Mr.EL_MASRY_Ԁsaidthathisrequestwasbasedonarticle19oftheConvention,concerningthe @  submissionofreportsbyStatesparties. 0  9.TheCHAIRMANsaidhesawnoobjectiontoMr.El_Masry_'srequest.However,theCommittee `  hadnotyetconsideredthereportoftheStatepartyorgivenittheopportunitytoexpressitself. P  Committeemembersshouldperhapsgivetheirviewsonthatmatter. @  10.Mr._CAMARA_ԀsaidhewonderedaboutthecompetenceoftheCommitteeinthatregard.   Admittedly,therewasseriousevidencefromvarioussourcestosuggestthatgraveviolationsof  humanrightsand,inparticular,oftheprovisionsoftheConvention,werenowbeingcommittedin  theoccupiedterritories.ThefactneverthelessremainedthattheCommitteemustbaseitsactions  onirreproachablelegalandjurisdictionalprinciples.Itwasalsoessentialtoabidebytheprinciple  ofadversarialproceedings.HewouldremindMr.El_Masry_ԀthataCommitteeprecedentexistedin  thatregard.DuringtheconsiderationofthereportofIsraelin1998,theCommitteehad p characterizedastorturecertainactsthattheSupremeCourtofthatcountryhaddeemedlegal.Ithad ` thenrequestedtheStatepartytosubmitaspecialreport,andtheconsiderationofthatreporthad P resultedinaCommitteedecision.ItwascrucialfortheCommitteetoadoptacongruentandlegally @ defensibleapproach.SincetheStatepartyhadnotyetpresenteditsreport,theCommitteewasnot 0 inapositiontopronounceonthelegalityofactscurrentlybeingcommittedbyIsrael.  p 11.Mr._MAVROMMATIS_Ԁsaidthathehadlistenedwithgreatattentiontotheaccountofthe P disturbingandtragicincidentsthatwereoccurringintheoccupiedPalestinianterritoriesand @ deploredthemanyinnocentvictims,mostofwhomwereadmittedlyPalestinians.LikeMr._Camara_, 0 hebelievedthattheCommitteeagainstTorturewasempoweredonlytoconsiderallegationsthat   arosefromtheprovisionsoftheConvention.HewasuncertainwhetheraskingtheStatepartyto ! submitaspecialreportwouldresolvetheproblemsdiscussed.Furthermore,therewereother "  similarlyserioussituationsallovertheworldinhisowncountry,forexampleandtheCommittee #! shouldrefrainfromtreatingthemdifferently. $" 12.TheCHAIRMANsaidthattheCommitteehadreceivedthethirdperiodicreportofIsrael,and, p&!$ althoughithadnotplannedtodoso,couldscheduleconsiderationofitatthenextsession.In `'"% accordancewiththeusualpractice,itcouldthenrequesttheStatepartytosubmitinformationonthe P(#& subjectsnotcoveredbythereport. @)$' 13.Ms._GAER_Ԁsaidthatnoonecoulddenythetragicnatureofthepresentsituationintheoccupied  +p&) territories,andthefeelingsofhatred,fearandfrustrationreportedbytheMitchellCommissionwere ,`'* illustrative.TheSpecialRapporteuronthePalestinianterritoriesoccupiedbyIsrael,theHigh -P(+ CommissionerforHumanRightsandtheSecretaryGeneraloftheUnitedNationshadallexpressed -@), theirconcernabouttheescalationofviolence.Thesituationintheterritorieswasneverthelessvery  complex.Mr.El_Masry_'sstatementpresentedonlyonesideofthetruth.Sheremindedthemembers  oftheCommitteethattheirtaskwastoemployimpartiality,objectivityandtransparencyinthe  considerationofreportsofStatesparties,andshouldrefrainfrompoliticizingthedebate.The  Committee'scredibilitydependedonthat.Shealsowonderedabouttheusefulnessofaspecialreport p underarticle19oftheConventionandpointedoutthattherewerearmedconflictsinsixorseven `  oftheStatespartieswhosereportstheCommitteehadtoconsider.Itwouldbeadvisable,inher P  view,toconsidercarefullythecriteriatheCommitteecouldchoosetogiveprioritytothe @  examinationofthesituationinaparticularcountry.Furthermore,itwouldbewisertoaddress 0  humanrightsviolationsintheoccupiedterritoriesinthecontextoftheconsiderationofthethird  p  periodicreportofIsrael.Inthatregard,theSpecialRapporteuronthequestionoftorturehad `  addressedalettertotheGovernmentofIsraelrequestingauthorizationtoreturntothecountryto P  investigatethoseviolations.AstotheprincipleoftheapplicabilityoftheConvention,thequestion @  shouldbeincludedintheconsiderationofthereport;theIsraeliGovernmenthadmadeitsposition 0  knownonthatissueandhaddeclaredthatitwaswillingtocooperatewiththeCommitteeandto   providetheinformationrequestedontheexerciseofitspowersandresponsibilities.Lastly,the  Committeehadbeforeitdocumentsfromthreetreatybodies,whosegeneralobservationsvariedwith  regardtothequestionofcompetence.Thosebodieshad,however,formulatedtheirobservations  aftertheconsiderationofareportandnotbefore.  14.Mr._RASMUSSEN_Ԁsaidhesharedmembers'concernsaboutthesituationintheoccupied p territories.However,alarmingsituationsexistedelsewhere,in_Chechnya_ԀandEast_Timor_Ԁfor ` example,andinterestshouldbetakeninthemaswell.SincetheCommitteehadalreadyreceived P thethirdperiodicreportofIsrael,thedateforconsideringitcouldbebroughtforward. @ 15.Mr.GONZALEZ_POBLETE_Ԁsaidallmemberswereawarethattheseriouseventsinthe  p occupiedterritoriesrepresentedadangertopeaceandsecurity.Butunlikethepoliticalorgansof ` theUnitedNations,theCommittee'smandatewasclearlydefinedinarticles19to22ofthe P Convention.Article19,theonlyarticleapplicableinthecaseinquestion,providedforan @ adversarialprocedureinwhichtheStatepartycouldpresentitspointofview,sincetheCommittee 0 couldnotpronouncewithouthavingpermittedtheStatepartytomakeknownitsviews.Requesting   theStatepartytoaddmoreinformationtoaperiodicreportortobepreparedtoanswerquestions ! ontheapplicationoftheConventionintheoccupiedterritorieshardlyseemedappropriate:the "  Committeeshouldnotdepartfromitsusualpracticeunderarticle19oftheConvention.Itcould #! perhapsconsiderestablishinganinvestigativeprocedurethatwouldprecedetheperiodicreports,but $" ifso,itshouldbeapplicableinallcases,andnotjustexceptionalones.Theseriousissuesraisedby % # Mr.El_Masry_Ԁshouldbedealtwithduringtheconsiderationofthethirdperiodicreport. p&!$ 16.Mr.YU_Mengjia_ԀsaidthattheeventsinPalestinewereofseriousconcerntotheCommittee. P(#& Raisingthequestionoftortureandilltreatmentintheoccupiedterritorieswasthereforenot @)$' unwarranted.InviewoftheargumentspresentedbyMr.El_Masry_,theurgentnatureofthesituation, 0*%( andtheinformationavailableconcerningtheexcessiveuseofforceinthoseterritories,itwouldbe  +p&) wisetochangetheorderofconsiderationoftheperiodicreportsofStatespartiesandtotakeupthe ,`'* thirdperiodicreportofIsraelassoonaspossible. -P(+  -@), 17.Mr._YAKOVLEV_Ԁsaidheagreedthat,inviewofthetragiceventsdescribedbyMr.El_Masry_  andthecomplexityofthesituation,themattershouldbediscussedduringtheconsiderationofthe  thirdperiodicreportofIsrael,assoonaspossible.Insodoing,theCommitteewouldsurelycome  upagainstthedifficultquestionsofwhen,towhatextent,andunderwhatconditionstheprovisions  oftheConventioncouldbeinvokedintheoccupiedterritoriesagainsttheoccupyingState.A p similarproblemhadbeendealtwithbytheCommitteeinadifferentcontext,thatofanarmed `  insurrection;there,ithadbeenaquestionoftheextenttowhichactsoftorturecommittedbyterrorist P  groupsweretheresponsibilityofonesideortheother.Regrettably,thattypeoflocalconflictwas @  becomingmorecommon,andwasonetheCommitteewouldbefacedwithmoreandmore.It 0  shouldthereforemakereadyandshouldconsiderthecriteriathatwouldapplyinresponsetothe  p  questionofwhethertheConventionwasapplicablewhenonepartoftheterritorywasoccupiedby `  anotherpower.Itwasacomplexquestion,difficulttoanswercategorically,andprecedentsmust P  besought.EstablishingwhetherornottheprovisionsoftheConventionwouldextendtosuchan @  occupiedterritorywouldnotbeaneasytask,andthatwaseventruerofotherinstrumentswhich 0  weremuchbroaderinscope.Afterdecidingthequestioninnottoosimplisticaway,theCommittee   wouldthenneedtorespondtoastillmoredelicatematter,namely,underwhatspecificconditions  aStateoccupyinganotherStatecouldbeheldresponsibleundertheConventionforeverythingthat  happenedintheoccupiedterritory:whetherthenormallegalsystemwasapplicable,orwhetherit  wasa_theatre_Ԁofoperationsinwhichresponsibilitieswereconstantlychanging(militaryjurisdiction,  specialjudicialarrangements,zoneofmilitaryoperations,etc.).WithregardtoPalestine,ifthe  CommitteeconsideredthattheStatepartycouldlegitimatelyberequiredtobeartheresponsibility p forwhatwashappeningintheoccupiedterritories,itwouldthenhavetoestablishwhetherthe ` provisionsoftheConvention,andparticularlyarticles1and16,hadorhadnotbeenviolated. P 18.Inviewofthosedifficulties,theCommitteeshouldreflectonitscourseofaction,forexample 0 byaskingtheSecretariattoprovidedocumentationregardingtheproblemsintheoccupied  p territories,andexaminingthediscussionsofotherbodiesonthatmatter,althoughnotnecessarily ` followingtheirlead.Equippedwiththosetheoreticaltools,theCommitteewouldbeinaposition P toraisespecificquestionswiththeIsraelidelegationduringtheconsiderationofitsperiodicreport. @ 19.Mr._HENRIQUES_Ԁ_GASPAR_,saidhetoowasdeeplytroubledbythehumanrightsviolations   beingcommittedinthatpartoftheworldandwholeheartedlyendorsedMr._Yakovlev_'sremarks. ! OncethequestionwasraisedwithintheCommittee,itbecamealegalissueandmustbehandledas "  such.Toassertthatthecaseshouldnotbeconsideredbecauseothersalsoexistedwasanargument #! ofapoliticalnature;theCommitteeshouldconsiderthoseothercasesaswell,butfromthe $" standpointofinternationallaw.AsfortheCommittee'scompetenceinthecaseathand,article19 % # oftheConventionwastheonlyrelevantarticle,andthefirstquestiontobeaskedwasthevery p&!$ complexoneMr._Yakovlev_Ԁhad_skilfully_Ԁarticulated,thatofjurisdiction.TheCommitteehada `'"% numberofspecificelementsconcerningtheexerciseofallpowersintheoccupiedterritoriesto P(#& determinewhetherjurisdictionexistedunderinternationallaw,inthecaseinpoint,underarticle2 @)$' oftheConvention,whichusedthephrase"anyterritoryunderitsjurisdiction". 0*%( 20.Oncethatfirstquestionwasresolved,thenextquestionwasthatoftheCommittee'scompetence, ,`'* whichshouldbeconsideredinthelightofarticle19oftheConvention:eithertheCommitteecould -P(+ fulfilitsmandateduringtheconsiderationofperiodicreports,oritcoulddeemthatthesituationwas -@), sufficientlyseriousandurgent,accordingtotheinformationavailable,tocallforthesubmissionof  asupplementaryreport,asprovidedforinparagraph1ofarticle19.  21.Aproceduralquestionthenarose,asothermembersoftheCommitteehadpointedout.The  Statepartyinquestionhadalreadysubmitteditsreport,whichcouldthereforebeconsideredatthe p nextsession.Itwouldbeanexcellentopportunityforadversarialdialogue,andtheCommittee `  shouldpreparebyponderingtheproblemofIsrael'sjurisdictionovertheoccupiedterritories.Itmust P  bewellversedinthespecificproblemsthatIsrael'sreportwaslikelytoraise,fromthestandpoint @  bothofthefactsandofinternationallaw.AsMr._Yakovlev_Ԁhademphasized,theCommitteemust 0  assembleclearlegalargumentsinordertoraisethequestionofjurisdictionwiththeStatepartyand  p  mustthenrequestspecificinformationonwhatwasoccurringintheoccupiedterritories. `  22.TheCHAIRMANrecalledthat,duringtheconsiderationofIsrael'spreviousreports,ithadbeen @  acknowledgedthat,whenaStateusedforceagainstanyonewithinitsjurisdiction,itmustjustifyits 0  actions.Thatprinciplehadbeenraisedwithregardtotheinterrogationofprisoners,butmightalso   beapplicabletoeventsinanyterritoryinwhichaStatewieldedpower.IftheCommitteetherefore  decidedtoaskIsraeltodescribewhatwashappeningintheoccupiedterritories,itwouldfalltothat  Statetojustifyresortingtoforceinthoseterritories,toinvokethelegalargumentsitdeemed  appropriateandtopresentfactstosupportitslegalargument.Inaddition,requestingtheStateto  justifyitspositioninnowaypreventedtheCommitteefromaskingtheSecretariattosupplyitwith  anyinformationthatmightassistitinitstask. p 23.Ms._GAER_Ԁsaidthat,inadditiontocasesofoccupation,therewereanumberofsituationsin P whichthejurisdictionissuewasquitecomplex.Therewerealsomanyhumanitarianlawandhuman @ rightsinstrumentsandtexts.Toperformitstaskinthebestpossibleway,theCommitteeshould 0 requesttheSeniorLegalOfficertoclarifythematterofjurisdictionandotherlegalpointsmentioned,  p inparticularbyMr._Yakovlev_. ` 24.Mr.EL_MASRY_ԀsaidheendorsedtheChairman'sviewthattheStatepartyshouldbeallowed @ tosetoutitsargumentsfirst.AnditwouldcertainlybeusefultoasktheassistanceoftheSecretariat 0 ingatheringrelevantdocumentation.   25.WithreferencetothepointsmadebyMr._Yakovlev_,theState'sresponsibilityforactscommitted "  byIsraelimilitaryofficersoragentswasincontestable,whetherornottheyhadbeencommittedin #! theoccupiedterritories.Tociteaprecedent,followingactscommittedbyCanadianpersonnel $" stationedinSomalia,Canadahadgivenoveralargeportionofitsperiodicreporttothoseincidents. % # 26.Ms._Gaer_Ԁhadimplicitlyraisedthequestionwhetheritwasanarmedconflict.Thereportofthe `'"% commissionofinquiryunambiguouslyaffirmedthattherewasnointernationalconflictoccurring P(#& intheoccupiedterritories,sincePalestinedidnotyetfulfilthecriteriaallowingitfullytobe @)$' consideredaState.Norwasitaquestionofinternalarmedconflict,sincethereactionswereby 0*%( unorganizeddemonstratorsandnotplannedactionsbyorganizedarmedgroups.  +p&) 27.TheCommitteeseemedtoagreethatthereportofIsraelshouldbeexaminedatthenextsession. -P(+ Sincethatreportdidnotcovertheoccupiedterritories,theStatepartyshouldimmediatelybe -@), requestedtoprovideinformationontheoccupiedterritoriesunderitsjurisdiction,asprovidedfor  inparagraph1ofarticle19,asMr._Henriques_Ԁ_Gaspar_Ԁhadwiselypointedout.Therewasnodoubt  thattheConventionappliedtothethreeoccupiedPalestinianterritoriesthatIsraeleffectively  controlled;thatcontrolwasexclusiveinthefirstcaseandwasexercisedinconjunctionwiththe  Palestinianpoliceinthesecondcase;inthethirdterritory,thePalestinianauthoritiesonlyexercised p theirauthorityatthemunicipallevel,sinceIsraelcontrolledland,airandsea.UndertheOslo `  Accords,Israelhadretainedtheresponsibilityforinternationalaffairsandthe_defence_Ԁofthe P  territories,andinresolution1322(2000)of7October2000,theSecurityCouncilhadexpressly @  designatedIsraelastheoccupyingpoweroftheterritoriesoccupiedon6June1967. 0  28.Mr._YAKOVLEV_ԀsaidMr.El_Masry_'sargumentswereconvincingandheconsideredthatthe `  CommitteecouldusethemtoasktheStatepartyforinformationonthe_behaviour_Ԁofitsarmyinthe P  occupiedterritories. @  29.Mr._MAVROMMATIS_ԀsaiditwasessentialtoconsulttheLegalLiaisonOfficeonthematter   ofjurisdictionsincethediscussiondemonstratedthattheCommitteewasnotinapositiontoresolve  it.Furthermore,hedidnotthinkitwaswisetoasktheStatepartyforasupplementaryreportonthe  situationintheoccupiedterritories.IftheIsraeliGovernmentdidnotagreetothatrequest,the  Committeewouldbeobligedtodeferconsiderationofthereporttoalatersession.TheCommittee  shouldsimplyinformtheIsraeliauthoritiesthatthedelegationwouldbeaskedquestionsonthe  situationintheoccupiedterritories. p 30.Mr.EL_MASRY_ԀproposedthattheCommitteeshouldsendalettertotheStatepartymentioning P thenumerousallegationsofviolationsoftheConventionintheoccupiedterritories. @ 31.Ms._GAER_ԀsaidthatsendingaletterofthattypewouldmeantheCommitteehadreacheda  p conclusiononthematterofjurisdictionbeforehavingheardtheStatepartyspeakonthatmatter. ` Inherview,sendingalettertotheIsraeliGovernmentwasnotnecessary,becauseitwouldsurely P learnabouttheCommittee'sdiscussionsfromthepressreleaseandthesummaryrecordofthe @ presentmeeting.IftheCommitteenonethelessdecidedtosendaletter,itshouldsimplystatethat 0 itwouldconsidertheapplicationoftheConventionintheterritoriesunderthejurisdictionofthe   Stateparty,withoutspecifyingwhetherornotitconsideredthattheoccupiedterritoriesconstituted ! partofthoseterritories. "  32.Mr._HENRIQUES_Ԁ_GASPAR_,supportedbyMr.EL_MASRY_,saidthattheCommitteehad $" enoughlawyerstodetermineonitsownwhethertheoccupiedterritorieswereundertheStateparty's % # jurisdiction,withoutneedingtoconsulttheLegalLiaisonOffice.Itwouldbeenoughtoaskthe p&!$ SecretariattogathertherelevantdocumentationsothattheCommitteecouldmakeitsowndecision. `'"% 33.Mr._MAVROMMATIS_Ԁsaidthathedisagreed.Inhisview,itwasnottheroleoftheCommittee, @)$' whichincidentallyhadthreememberswhowerenotlawyers,tosettlesuchadelicate,complex 0*%( matterofinternationallaw.  +p&) 34.TheCHAIRMANsaidthattheopinionoftheLegalOfficewassimplyadditionalinformation, -P(+ andwouldnotpreventtheCommitteefromtakinganopposingview,ifnecessary. -@), Ї35.Mr.GONZALEZ_POBLETE_ԀsaidthattheCommitteewasnotboundbyinformationitreceived,  andthatthedecisionultimatelywasitsown.  36.TheCHAIRMANproposedthatthemembersshouldvotebyshowofhandsonthequestionof p whethertheLegalOfficeshouldbeaskedtogiveanopinion. `  37.Theproposalwasadopted. @  38.TheCHAIRMAN,notingthatfiveoutofninemembersoftheCommitteehadvotedin_favour_,  p  saidthattheCommitteethusdecidedtorequesttheLegalLiaisonOfficetogiveitsopiniononthe `  matterofIsrael'sjurisdictionovertheoccupiedterritories. P  39.NotingthatallmembersseemedtoaccepttheideathatthethirdperiodicreportofIsraelshould 0  beconsideredatthesessioninNovember2001,hesaidthattheCommitteemustalsodecidewhether   itwasappropriatetosendalettertotheIsraeliGovernmentand,ifso,mustdetermineitssubstance.  40.Mr._HENRIQUES_Ԁ_GASPAR_ԀsaidthatsendingaletterofthetypeproposedbyMs._Gaer_Ԁwould  servenopurpose,sincetheStatepartycouldwellreplythatthereportcontainedalltherelevant  information.  41.Mr.GONZALEZ_POBLETE_,supportedbyMr._YAKOVLEV_,saidthattheSecretariatshould ` sendtotheStatepartythesameletteritnormallysenttoallStatespartiestoinvitethemto P participateintheconsiderationoftheirreports. @ 42.Mr._MAVROMMATIS_Ԁsaidhefearedthatsuchaletterwouldnotbesufficientlyclearwith  p regardtotheCommittee'sexpectationsandthatthedelegationmight,duringtheconsiderationofthe ` report,refusetoreplytomembers'questionsonthegroundsthattheyhadbeenunabletoprepare P beforehand.Hethereforeproposedthelettershouldspecifythatthedelegationwouldbeexpected @ toanswerquestionsonthesituationintheoccupiedPalestinianterritoriesinSpring2001.Asfor 0 allStatesparties,theSecretariatcouldattachtotheletteranydocumentsfromnongovernmental   organizations(_NGOs_),namelythoseMr.El_Masry_Ԁhadreceivedabouthumanrightsviolationsin ! theoccupiedterritories. "  43.TheCHAIRMANsaidthat,ifheheardnoobjection,hewouldtakeitthattheCommittee $" approvedMr._Mavrommatis_'proposal,andrequestedtheSecretariattosendtotheStatepartythe % # usualletterofinvitationalongwithdocumentsfrom_NGOs_,informingitthatthedelegationshould p&!$ bepreparedtodiscusstheissuesraisedtherein. `'"% 44.Itwassodecided. @)$' Thepublicpartofthemeetingroseat12.25p.m.  +p&) UK.,US.,ymUSUK.,  ,`'*  UK.,US.,ECATA/57/44(2002)   ChapterVI.OpinionoftheUnitedNationsLegalCounselconcerningtheapplicabilityofthe  ConventionintheOccupiedPalestinianTerritory  215.AtitstwentysixthsessiontheCommitteedecidedtoseektheadviceoftheUnitedNations `  LegalCounselconcerningtheapplicabilityoftheConventionintheOccupiedPalestinianTerritory. P  Byaletterdated22June2001theChairmanoftheCommitteeaskedtheLegalCounseltoprovide @  theCommitteewithsuchopinion.Inhisreplyof19September2001theLegalCounselstatedthat, 0   theConventionisbindinguponIsrael,astheoccupyingPowerinrespectoftheOccupied  p  PalestinianTerritory.Headdedthat, theCommitteeagainstTortureappearsalreadytohave `  proceededuponthissupposition. P  ChapterVII.DiscussiononthesituationintheOccupiedPalestinianTerritoryinthelightofthe 0  Convention   216.AtitstwentyeighthsessiontheCommitteedecided,attherequestofoneofitsmembers,to  holdadiscussiononthesituationintheOccupiedPalestinianTerritoryinthelightofthe  Convention.Suchdiscussiontookplaceatthe522ndmeeting,on14May2002.Asaresult,the  Committeedecided,byavoteof9infavourand1against,thatintheexerciseofhis/hermandate,  theRapporteuronfollowuptoconclusionsandrecommendationsadoptedbytheCommitteewith p respecttoreportssubmittedbyStatespartiesshouldtakeintoconsiderationthediscussionheldat ` theabovementionedmeeting.USUK.,  P  CAT/C/SR.522 (2002) (Frenchonly)  COMMITTEEAGAINSTTORTURE  Twentyeighthsession  SUMMARYRECORDOFTHE522NDMEETING p Tuesday,14May2002,at10a.m. `  XrXXXrUK.,US.,LASITUATIONDESDROITSDE_LHOMME_ԀDANSLES_TERRITOIRES_Ԁ_PALESTINIENS_ 0  _OCCUPS_,AUREGARDDELACONVENTION_CONTRE_ԀLATORTURE(Point12de_lordre_  p  dujour) `  1.  Le_PRSIDENT_inviteM.El_Masry_,quia_propos_Ԁ_lajout_Ԁde_ce_Ԁpoint_lordre_Ԁdujourde @  la_vingt_-_huitime_Ԁsession,_prendre_Ԁlaparole. 0  2.  Mme_GAER_,_prenant_Ԁlaparolepour_une_Ԁmotion_dordre_,dit_quelle_Ԁ_conteste_Ԁla_comptence_  du_Comit_Ԁpour_soccuper_Ԁdelasituation_dans_Ԁunpays_particulier_.Le_Comit_Ԁ_na_Ԁpas_mettre_Ԁ  _lindex_Ԁtelpaysprcis_alors_Ԁ_que_Ԁ_dans_Ԁlecadrede_ses_Ԁ_activits_,il_aurait_Ԁtoutlieudefairela_mme_  chosepourdes_dizaines_Ԁ_dtats_.  3.  M.EL_MASRY_,_prenant_Ԁlaparolepour_une_Ԁmotion_dordre_,_objecte_Ԁ_que_Ԁle_Comit_Ԁa_accept_ p _lajout_Ԁde_cette_Ԁquestionson_ordre_Ԁdujour,_quil_Ԁa_donc_Ԁpris_une_Ԁ_dcision_Ԁ_ce_Ԁ_sujet_Ԁet_quil_Ԁne_peut_ ` pas_maintenant_Ԁ_revenir_Ԁ_dessus_. P 4.  Le_PRSIDENT_dit_que_Ԁ_lajout_Ԁ_dun_Ԁpoint_lordre_Ԁdujourest_une_Ԁchoseet_que_Ԁla 0 _dtermination_Ԁdela_comptence_Ԁdu_Comit_Ԁpourexaminer_ce_Ԁpointenest_une_Ԁ_autre_.Avant_dtre_  p _interrompu_,il_avait_Ԁ_lintention_Ԁ_dinviter_ԀM.El_Masry_Ԁ_dans_Ԁunpremiertempspersuaderle_Comit_ ` _que_Ԁ_celui_Ԅci_avait_Ԁ_comptence_Ԁpourexaminerlaquestionet,sile_Comit_Ԁen_tait_Ԁ_convaincu_,de P _linviter_Ԁ_ensuite_Ԁ_traiter_Ԁdufonddelaquestion.Il_demande_Ԁ_donc_ԀM.El_Masry_Ԁ_dexpliquer_Ԁ_dabord_ @ enquoi,sonavis,le_Comit_Ԁest_comptent_,auregarddelaConvention,pourexaminerlasituation 0 _dans_Ԁ_les_Ԁ_territoires_Ԁ_palestiniens_.   5.  M.EL_MASRY__rappelle_Ԁ_que_Ԁledernierjourdela_vingt_-_septime_Ԁsession,_lissue_Ԁde "  _lexamen_Ԁdu_troisime_Ԁrapport_priodique_Ԁ_dIsral_,le_Comit_Ԁ_avait_Ԁ_demand_Ԁ_ltat_Ԁ_partie_,de_cesser_ #! uncertain_nombre_Ԁdepratiques._Ltat_Ԁ_partie_Ԁ_nen_Ԁa_tenu_Ԁ_aucun_Ԁcompteetlasituationdes_derniers_ $" _mois_Ԁ_montre_Ԁ_que_Ԁtoutaucontraireila_persist_Ԁ_dans_Ԁ_les_Ԁ_diverses_Ԁ_politiques_Ԁ_que_Ԁle_Comit_Ԁ_avait_ % # _considres_Ԁcomme_constituant_Ԁun_traitement_Ԁcruel_ou_Ԁ_inhumain_.Le_Comit_Ԁest_donc_Ԁ_fond_,_dans_Ԁle p&!$ cadredu_suivi_Ԁde_lexamen_Ԁdurapportde_ltat_Ԁ_partie_,examinerlaquestionauregarddes `'"% obligations_contractes_Ԁpar_Isral_ԀenvertudelaConvention. P(#& 6.  Le_PRSIDENT__croit_Ԁ_comprendre_Ԁ_que_ԀM.El_Masry_Ԁpropose_que_Ԁle_Comit_Ԁ_tudie_Ԁlaquestion 0*%( _dans_Ԁlecadrede_lexamen_Ԁdesrapports_que_Ԁ_les_Ԁ_tats_Ԁparties_sont_Ԁ_tenus_Ԁde_soumettre_Ԁ_conformment_  +p&) _larticle_ԁ19._Sil_Ԁ_ny_Ԁapas_dobjection_,il_considrera_Ԁ_que_Ԁle_Comit_Ԁ_sestime_Ԁ_comptent_Ԁpour ,`'* examinerlasituation_dans_Ԁ_les_Ԁ_territoires_Ԁ_palestiniens_,compte_tenu_Ԁdesconclusionset -P(+ _recommandations_Ԁ_quil_Ԁ_avait_Ԁ_formules_Ԁ_lissue_Ԁde_lexamen_Ԁdu_troisime_Ԁrapport_priodique_ -@), _dIsral_.  7.  Ilenest_ainsi_Ԁ_dcid_.  8.  Le_PRSIDENT_inviteM.El_Masry_Ԁ_poursuivre_Ԁsoninterventionsurlefonddelaquestion. p 9.  M.EL_MASRY__rappelle_Ԁ_qu_Ԁsa_vingt_-_septime_Ԁsession,en_novembre_,le_Comit_Ԁ_stait_ P  _dclar_Ԁ_proccup_Ԁpardesviolationsgravesdesdroitsde_lhomme_Ԁ_commises_Ԁpar_Isral_Ԁ_dans_Ԁ_les_ @  _territoires_Ԁ_occups_Ԁet_que_Ԁpar_ailleurs_Ԁ_plusieurs_Ԁorganisationsnon_gouvernementales_Ԁ_dignes_Ԁde_foi_, 0  commeAmnestyInternational,HumanRightsWatch,_Bethselem_Ԁet_lOMCT_,_ont_Ԁ_rendu_Ԁcomptede  p  violations_alarmantes_Ԁet_persistantes_Ԁdesdroitsde_lhomme_Ԁetdudroitinternational_humanitaire_.Le `  _dlgu_Ԁ_dAmnesty_ԀInternationala_rapport_Ԁ_que_Ԁla_ville_Ԁde_Jnine_Ԁ_nest_Ԁplus_quun_Ԁ_tas_Ԁde_ruines_,_les_ P  infrastructures_ont_Ԁ_t_Ԁ_ananties_,des_maisons_Ԁ_ont_Ԁ_t_Ԁ_dtruites_Ԁ_ou_Ԁ_rendues_Ԁ_inutilisables_Ԁ_laissant_ @  4000_personnes_,_soit_Ԁplusduquartdelapopulationducamp,sansabri;_les_Ԁ_civils_Ԁ_ont_Ԁ_t_Ԁla_cible_Ԁde 0  missiles_lancs_Ԁpar_hlicoptre_Ԁet_leurs_Ԁ_maisons_Ԁ_ont_Ԁ_t_Ԁ_dmolies_Ԁcoupsdebulldozerssans_quune_   _telle_Ԁpratique_puisse_Ԁsejustifierparla_ncessit_Ԁ_daller_Ԁ_rechercher_Ԁdes_combattants_.Les_victimes_Ԁde  _ces_Ԁdestructions_sont_Ԁdes_civils_Ԁde_tous_Ԁ_ ges_Ԁetla_plupart_Ԁ_sont_Ԁdes_rfugis_Ԁdelaguerrede1948qui  se_retrouvent_Ԁ_ainsi_Ԁpourla_deuxime_Ԁ_fois_Ԁ_spolis_Ԁde_leur_Ԁ_toit_.Le_Comit_Ԁ_contre_Ԁlatorture_avait_Ԁ_dj_  _dnonc_Ԁlapratiquedes_dmolitions_Ԁde_maisons_Ԁcomme_une_Ԁviolationde_larticle_ԁ16dela  Convention.  10.  Les_excutions_Ԁ_extrajudiciaires_Ԁet_les_Ԁ_tirs_Ԁ_entra3nant_Ԁla_mort_Ԁde_Palestiniens_Ԁ_sont_Ԁ_quotidiens_. ` _Daprs_ԀlaSocit_palestinienne_ԀduCroissantRouge,entre_septembre_ԁ2000etmai2002, P 1538_palestiniens_Ԁ_ont_Ԁ_t_Ԁ_tus_Ԁde_fa on_Ԁ_dlibre_Ԁet_illgale_Ԁet19189_autres_Ԁ_ont_Ԁ_t_Ԁ_blesss_._Larme_ @ _isralienne_Ԁ_empche_Ԁ_les_Ԁambulanceset_les_Ԁ_vhicules_Ԁetlepersonnel_mdicaux_Ԁdese_rendre_Ԁ_auprs_ 0 des_malades_Ԁetdes_blesss_,et_nhsite_Ԁpas_tirer_.Pendant_lopration_Ԁ_mene_Ԁdu4au15_avril_ԁ2002  p _Jnine_,_les_ԀForcesde_dfense_Ԁ_israliennes_Ԁ(_FDI_)_ont_Ԁ_ouvert_Ԁle_feu_Ԁde_fa on_Ԁ_rpte_Ԁsur_les_ ` ambulanceset_ont_Ԁ_empch_Ԁ_les_Ԁorganisations_humanitaires_,y_compris_Ԁle_CICR_,de_pntrer_Ԁ_dans_Ԁle P campetde_soigner_Ԁ_les_Ԁhabitants_civils_,et_ce_Ԁ_blocus_Ԁa_continu_Ԁ_mme_Ԁ_aprs_Ԁle15_avril_,_quand_Ԁla @ grande_majorit_Ԁdes_individus_Ԁ_arms_Ԁ_stait_Ԁ_rendue_._Daprs_ԀAmnestyInternational,le_comportement_ 0 _gnral_Ԁde_larme_Ԁ_isralienne_Ԁfait_craindre_Ԁ_que_Ԁlebutprincipaldes_oprations_Ԁne_soit_Ԁde_punir_   _collectivement_Ԁ_tous_Ԁ_les_Ԁ_Palestiniens_,et_certaines_Ԁ_dclarations_ԀduPremier_Ministre_ԀArielSharon ! _tendent_Ԁ_montrer_Ԁ_quil_Ԁenest_bien_Ԁ_ainsi_.Les_FDI_Ԁ_ont_Ԁ_coup_Ԁ_llectricit_,_leau_Ԁetle_tlphone_Ԁet, "  pendantsix_jours_,_elles_Ԁ_ont_Ԁ_empch_Ԁlepersonnelde_lUNRWA_Ԁ_dapprovisionner_Ԁen_biens_Ԁde #! _premire_Ԁ_ncessit_Ԁlapopulationducamp._Toutes_Ԁ_les_Ԁorganisations_humanitaires_Ԁ_ont_Ԁ_confirm_ $" _lextrme_Ԁ_difficult_Ԁ_quelles_Ԁ_avaient_Ԁ_rencontre_Ԁpour_accder_Ԁaucamp. % # 11.  _Lemploi_Ԁde_boucliers_Ԁ_humains_,enviolationflagrantedudroitinternational_humanitaire_,est `'"% couranteta_t_Ԁ_systmatique_Ԁ_Jnine_.Les_FDI_Ԁ_ont_Ԁ_oblig_Ԁdesenfants,des_vieillards_Ԁetdesfemmes P(#& _les_Ԁ_accompagner_Ԁpartout_o_Ԁ_elles_Ԁ_voulaient_Ԁ_pntrer_Ԁpour_procder_Ԁdes_fouilles_._Mettre_Ԁendanger @)$' lavie_dautrui_Ԁ_reprsente_Ԁun_traitement_Ԁcruelet_dgradant_;deplus,_les_Ԁ_malheureux_Ԁqui_ont_Ԁ_dE_Ԁ_ainsi_ 0*%( _protger_Ԁde_leur_Ԁcorps_les_Ԁ_soldats_Ԁ_israliens_Ԁ_risquent_Ԁ_dtre_Ԁ_ensuite_Ԁ_accuss_Ԁdecollaboration._Certains_  +p&) _dentre_Ԁ_eux_Ԁ_ont_Ԁ_t_Ԁ_librs_Ԁ_quand_Ԁ_leurs_Ԁservices_nont_Ԁplus_t_Ԁ_ncessaires_,_mais_Ԁ_dautres_Ԁ_sont_Ԁ_retenus_. ,`'* Lalistedesexactions_commises_Ԁpar_larme_Ԁ_isralienne_Ԁestlongue,et_chacun_Ԁdescas_justifierait_Ԁ_une_ -P(+ _enqute_Ԁen_vue_Ԁ_dengager_Ԁdes_poursuites_Ԁ_contre_Ԁ_les_Ԁ_responsables_. -@), Ї12.  Les_arrestations_Ԁ_sont_Ԁ_effectues_Ԁau_mpris_Ԁdes_garanties_Ԁ_lmentaires_Ԁ_depuis_Ԁ_que_,le  5_avril_ԁ2002,leCommandantdes_armes_Ԁapris_une_Ԁ_ordonnance_Ԁ_lordonnance_Ԁ1500_permettant_Ԁ  tout_soldat_Ԁ_isralien_Ԁde_procder_Ԁ_une_Ԁ_arrestation_Ԁetde_retenir_Ԁla_personne_Ԁ_arrte_Ԁpendant18_jours_  avant_dengager_Ԁ_une_Ԁ_procdure_Ԁ_judiciaire_;_ensuite_,enapplicationdela_loi_Ԁordinaire,ildisposede_huit_  _autre_Ԁ_jours_Ԁavantde_dfrer_Ԁ_lintress_Ԁ_devant_Ԁun_juge_,_ce_Ԁquifait_que_Ԁla_dtention_Ԁsans_contr=le_Ԁde p _lautorit_Ԁ_judiciaire_Ԁ_peut_Ԁ_durer_Ԁ26_jours_.De_surcro3t_,_cette_Ԁ_ordonnance_Ԁa_t_Ԁ_dclare_Ԁ_rtroactive_Ԁau `  _mois_Ԁdemars._Elle_Ԁ_permet_Ԁenoutredenepasinformer_les_Ԁ_personnes_Ԁ_arrtes_Ԁdeschargesqui_psent_ P  _contre_Ԁ_elles_.La_campagne_Ԁ_darrestation_,quivise_lensemble_Ԁdes_Palestiniens_Ԁde_sexe_Ԁ_masculin_Ԁ_ gs_ @  de1545ans,_constitue_Ԁ_galement_Ԁun_ch timent_Ԁ_collectif_._Larme_Ԁrefusede_rvler_Ԁlenomdes 0  _personnes_Ԁ_arrtes_Ԁet_lendroit_Ԁ_o_Ԁ_elles_Ԁse_trouvent_,_ce_Ԁqui_reprsente_Ԁun_traitement_Ԁcruelet_inhumain_  p  pourle_prisonnier_Ԁcommepour_ses_Ԁ_proches_.Dessources_dignes_Ԁde_foi_Ԁ_indiquent_Ԁ_que_Ԁ_les_Ԁ_dtenus_Ԁ_sont_ `  _maintenus_Ԁ_menotts_,_quils_Ԁ_subissent_Ԁdesmauvais_traitements_,_voire_Ԁdestorturespendant_les_ P  _interrogatoires_,_quils_Ԁ_restent_Ԁsansmanger_ni_Ԁ_boire_Ԁpendant_plusieurs_Ԁ_jours_Ԁet_quils_Ԁne_peuvent_Ԁpas @  _communiquer_Ԁ_avec_Ԁun_avocat_. 0  13.  Le18_avril_ԁ2002,_lorganisation_Ԁ_Bethselem_Ԁettrois_autres_Ԁorganisations_humanitaires_  _israliennes_Ԁ_ont_Ԁ_dpos_Ԁ_une_Ԁ_requte_Ԁ_urgente_ԀlaHaute_Cour_Ԁ_dIsral_Ԁpour_exiger_Ԁ_que_Ԁ_laccs_Ԁun  _avocat_Ԁ_soit_Ԁ_garanti_Ԁet_que_Ԁle_recours_Ԁlatorture_soit_Ԁ_interdit_,_mais_Ԁla_Cour_Ԁa_rejet_Ԁ_cette_Ԁ_requte_.  14.  Les_autorits_Ԁ_israliennes_Ԁ_ont_Ԁ_refus_Ԁ_dautoriser_Ԁlamission_denqute_Ԁdu_Conseil_Ԁde_scurit_  et_elles_Ԁ_ont_Ԁ_galement_Ԁ_refus_Ԁ_lenvoi_Ԁ_dquipes_Ԁdesecoursettouttype_dobservation_Ԁ_extrieure_.On p _voit_Ԁ_donc_Ԁ_que_Ԁ_les_Ԁviolationsdesdroitsde_lhomme_ԀetdelaConvention_contre_Ԁlatortureet_autres_ ` _peines_Ԁ_ou_Ԁ_traitements_Ԁcruels,_inhumains_Ԁ_ou_Ԁ_dgradants_Ԁ_sont_Ԁ_flagrantes_Ԁet_massives_._Isral_Ԁ_na_Ԁpas P _donn_Ԁ_effet_Ԁaux_recommandations_Ԁdu_Comit_,_renfor ant_Ԁaucontrairesa_rpression_Ԁ_dans_Ԁ_chacun_Ԁdes @ _domaines_Ԁpour_lesquels_Ԁle_Comit_Ԁ_stait_Ԁ_dclar_Ԁ_proccup_._Celui_Ԅci_devrait_Ԁ_donc_Ԁ_rappeler_Ԁ_ltat_ 0 _partie_Ԁ_ses_ԀobligationsenvertudelaConventionet_voudra_Ԁ_peut_Ԅ_tre_Ԁlefaireen_lui_Ԁ_adressant_Ԁ_une_  p lettre. ` 15.  Le_PRSIDENT__demande_ԀM.El_Masry_Ԁ_sil_Ԁ_entend_Ԁfaire_une_Ԁproposition_formelle_. @ 16.  M.EL_MASRY__rpond_Ԁ_quil_Ԁ_sagit_Ԁ_l_Ԁ_dune_Ԁsuggestion_que_Ԁle_Comit_Ԁ_peut_Ԁexaminer.   17.  Mme_GAER__reconna3t_Ԁ_que_Ԁ_les_Ԁ_vnements_Ԁ_survenus_Ԁau_Proche_-Orientau_cours_Ԁdes_derniers_ "  _mois_Ԁ_sont_Ԁ_tragiques_Ԁ_mais_Ԁ_doute_Ԁfort_que_Ԁle_Comit_Ԁ_soit_Ԁ_comptent_Ԁpourorganiserun_dbat_ #! _spcifiquement_Ԁ_consacr_Ԁ_Isral_,et_ce_Ԁ_dans_Ԁ_labstrait_,en_labsence_Ԁde_ltat_Ԁ_partie_Ԁ_concern_,sans $" _mthodologie_Ԁetsans_critres_,_alors_Ԁ_mme_Ԁ_que_Ԁlasituationesttout_aussi_Ԁgrave_dans_Ԁ28_autres_Ԁ_tats_ % # partieslaConvention. p&!$ 18.  Il_convient_Ԁdereplacer_laction_Ԁ_dIsral_Ԁ_dans_Ԁson_contexte_._Larme_Ԁ_isralienne_Ԁ_na_Ԁpas_dcid_ P(#& unbeaumatinde_sen_Ԁ_prendre_Ԁsansraisondes_civils_Ԁinnocents_dans_Ԁdescampsde_rfugis_._Laction_ @)$' _dIsral_Ԁ_dans_Ԁ_les_Ԁ_territoires_Ԁ_occups_Ԁ_tait_Ԁ_ncessaire_Ԁet_proportionne_Ԁla_gravit_Ԁdesmenacesqui 0*%( _pesaient_Ԁsurla_dmocratie_,surla_scurit_Ԁdes_citoyens_Ԁetsur_lexistence_Ԁ_mme_Ԁde_ltat_Ԁ_dIsral_.  +p&) _Depuis_Ԁ_septembre_ԁ2002,_les_Ԁ_Israliens_Ԁ_ont_Ԁ_t_Ԁla_cible_Ԁde12838_attentats_Ԁqui_ont_Ԁfait472_morts_Ԁ(_dont_ ,`'* 71%de_civils_)et3846_blesss_. -P(+  -@), 19.  Il_existe_Ԁdeuxpartiesau_conflit_.Orenraisondelastructure_particulire_ԀdelaConvention  _contre_Ԁlatorture,le_Comit_Ԁne_sintresse_Ԁ_qu_Ԁ_une_Ԁde_ces_Ԁpartieset_ce_,semble-t-il,pourla  _condamner_.En_agissant_Ԁ_ainsi_Ԁilne_contribuera_Ԁen_rien_Ԁauxefforts_dploys_Ԁparla_communaut_  internationalepour_amener_Ԁ_les_Ԁdeuxcamps_mettre_Ԁfinlaviolenceetne_fera_Ԁ_que_Ԁ_saper_Ԁsapropre  _crdibilit_.Le_Roi_Ԁde_Jordanie_Ԁ_lui_Ԅ_mme_Ԁa_dclar_Ԁ_que_ԀYasserArafat_devait_Ԁnon_seulement_Ԁtout p _mettre_Ԁen_uvre_Ԁpourfaire_cesser_Ԁla_terreur_Ԁ_mais_Ԁ_aussi_Ԁ_commencer_Ԁ_tenir_Ԁ_ses_Ԁengagementsetnepas `  _manquer_Ԁ_loccasion_Ԁquise_prsente_Ԁ_actuellement_. P  20.  _Sagissant_Ԁdelasituation_Jnine_,il_convient_Ԁ_dindiquer_Ԁ_que_Ԁ_les_Ԁorganisations_terroristes_ 0  _avaient_Ԁ_truff_Ԁlecampde_rfugis_Ԁ_dengins_Ԁ_explosifs_Ԁet_dobjets_Ԁ_pigs_Ԁ_afin_Ԁde_causer_Ԁunmaximum  p  de_dcs_Ԁ_parmi_Ԁ_les_Ԁ_soldats_Ԁ_israliens_Ԁetdedestructions,_que_Ԁ_les_Ԁ_combattants_Ԁ_palestiniens_Ԁ_nont_Ԁ_rien_ `  faitpourse_distinguer_Ԁdes_civils_,_mettant_Ԁ_ainsi_Ԁ_ces_Ԁ_derniers_Ԁendanger,_quils_Ԁ_ont_Ԁ_utilis_Ԁdesenfants P  _notamment_Ԁpourtransporterdes_explosifs_,_quils_Ԁ_ont_Ԁ_recouru_Ԁla_perfidie_Ԁ(_feindre_Ԁla_reddition_Ԁpar @  _exemple_)pour_tuer_Ԁdes_soldats_Ԁ_israliens_Ԁet_quils_Ԁ_ont_Ԁ_dtourn_Ԁde_leur_Ԁusage_les_Ԁ_emblmes_Ԁdes 0  ConventionsdeGenve.   21.  Ilest_vrai_Ԁ_que_Ԁde_leur_Ԁ_c=t_,_les_Ԁ_soldats_Ԁ_israliens_Ԁ_ont_Ԁfait_pntrer_Ԁdes_civils_Ԁ_dans_Ԁ_les_Ԁ_maisons_  _dont_Ԁ_ils_Ԁ_craignaient_Ԁ_quelles_Ԁ_soient_Ԁ_piges_.La_Cour_Ԁ_suprme_Ԁ_isralienne_Ԁa_formellement_Ԁ_condamn_  _cette_Ԁpratiqueet_larme_Ԁ_isralienne_Ԁa_immdiatement_Ԁ_interdit_Ԁ_dutiliser_Ԁde_quelque_Ԁ_manire_Ԁ_que_Ԁ_ce_  _soit_Ԁ_les_Ԁ_civils_Ԁcomme_boucliers_Ԁ_humains_._Sagissant_Ԁdesmassacresqui_auraient_Ԁ_t_Ԁ_commis_Ԁ_dans_Ԁle  campde_Jnine_,il_savre_Ԁ_que_Ԁle_bilan_Ԁde_lintervention_Ԁ_isralienne_Ԁ_nest_Ԁpasde_plusieurs_Ԁ_centaines_ p de_morts_Ԁcommeon_lavait_Ԁ_prtendu_Ԁau_dpart_Ԁ_mais_Ԁde52_morts_Ԁetde_moins_Ԁ_dune_Ԁ_dizaine_Ԁde ` _disparus_._Lintervention_Ԁ_isralienne_Ԁ_visait_Ԁ_dtruire_Ԁ_les_Ԁinfrastructures_terroristes_Ԁet_les_Ԁ_rseaux_Ԁ_bien_ P _organiss_Ԁqui_sont_Ԁ_chargs_Ԁde_recruter_,_prparer_,_quiper_Ԁettransporter_les_Ԁ_personnes_Ԁqui_commettent_ @ des_attentats_-suicides.Les_soldats_Ԁ_israliens_,pour_leur_Ԁpart,_ont_Ԁ_re u_Ԁdes_ordres_Ԁprcis_concernant_Ԁle 0 respectdudroit_humanitaire_Ԁinternational.Il_existe_Ԁen_Isral_Ԁde_nombreuses_Ԁ_juridictions_,_civiles_Ԁet  p _militaires_,_charges_Ԁde_juger_Ԁ_les_Ԁ_auteurs_Ԁ_dinfractions_Ԁ_ces_Ԁ_normes_. ` 22.  Il_convient_Ԁde_rappeler_Ԁpar_ailleurs_Ԁ_que_Ԁle_Conseil_Ԁde_scurit_,laCommissiondesdroitsde @ _lhomme_Ԁetle_Secrtaire_Ԁ_gnral_Ԁde_lONU_Ԁ_lui_-_mme_Ԁse_sont_Ԁ_longuement_Ԁ_penchs_Ԁsurlaquestion 0 du_Proche_-Orient.Onne_peut_Ԁ_donc_Ԁ_prtendre_Ԁ_que_Ԁla_communaut_Ԁinternationalene_sy_Ԁ_intresse_Ԁpas.   23.  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