ÿWPC …6†–W÷S˜)ÿ-½ˆ¨bås@WûUÖ¿¨À’unc —9o-Y ·³€lá…þ™Ó{ĆvÔÝzÝ!Óœ8ÂbŸÏ]‡õ¢F-äÛÔjÒí.R»ëëLµ£c‹‹˜ßh4õö;§Õú†bɤVi¹â~ùñÃܼ$ª5cÇ3<ÂÕhîðj]zV¶]=ãÀGÙëz¿çôp!pÚÝü–ŽJÅiÅ©d=¯©)~„4fÅPǼVXJDr_¸hôžLŒ’”šÎ¢ÝH´bE›oàAäÑ òï„/¢6YÚAh¡ ÈÔP@¢T†‚™¦vµ¿éùટÑá;cóìjþ˜—j¿Üœëjõ½Ý/0|LЈ?"‘…i[açQ=;Rq(ôyõOͤ8î¥Dˆë^sÈ–Ì"¹¡wÃúßlf%[¶éI+H.ükE´¼ÒÖÜ”r÷P€þ)ºó?'TVð˜~«äˆ§äÂØž(¢ ÝÁ_¨øUÛ¡\—{{ßï}«Ž.ÈPXœF-îÍzpñÜ(°^[g\}“*Qé«Ïm_´”tÖ¹kG%AØ¿? 4µëô= ŽCÕk6ŸPéŒ÷såZ´ïÑ€=nÆhl+úµ9)#ÁÒUN“ %á 0:ç 1u! 72–^ ÈwÔ4Øìû 1‡ý m„N›˜HP LaserJet 6P/6MP - Standard,ä,,,,,ä0(ÈhH  Z‹6Times New Roman RegularX(ûœ$¡¡ÔUKUS.,Ô3#37=CIQYag­­1.a.i.(1)(a)(i)1)a)i)B”—, eû*8¡3|x0úCEKQY_ekqAutoList11.1.(i)1.1.1.1.1.ÿU‹ÿÀÀÀÝ ƒûœ!ÝÔUKUS.,ÔÝ  ÝÔ_Ôò òÔ‡¼ϱ»XXÔÔUSUK.,ÔÓ  ÓITALYÔ#†XÏVX»¼ϱ@#ÔÐ ° ÐÓqÓÌGeneral€Comments€„€Government€ResponsesÔUK.,US.,_ÔÐ ¸ ÐÌÔ_ÔCERDÔ_Ô€A/32/18€(1977)Ð ˜è Ðó óÌAnnex€VÐ x È ÐÌòòÓ  ÓComments€of€States€parties€on€general€recommendation€V,€adopted€by€the€Committee€at€its€338òòthóóÐ X ¨ Ðmeeting,€on€13€April€1977óó€òòaóó/Ð H ˜  ÐÓŽÓÌÓ  Óà @ àà @ àà @ à[Original:€Italian]Ð (x  Ð[24€June€1977]Ð h  ÐÌÓ€ (ú03ÓÓ  ÓÓ  Ó1.€The€Ministry€of€Foreign€Affairs€has€taken€note€of€general€recommendation€V€adopted€on€13€AprilÐ øH  Ð1977€by€the€Committee€on€the€Elimination€of€Racial€Discrimination,€in€which€the€CommitteeÐ è8 Ðexpresses€its€regret€that€few€States€Parties€to€the€Convention€have€included€information€in€theirÐ Ø( Ðnational€reports€on€preventive€measures€taken€to€give€effect€to€the€provisions€of€article€7€of€theÐ È ÐConvention,€and€that€the€information€received€has€often€been€of€a€general€and€perfunctory€nature.Ð ¸ ÐÌThe€Ministry€intends€to€bring€the€recommendation€to€the€attention€of€the€government€services€andÐ ˜è Ðother€bodies€that€co„operated€in€the€preparation€of€the€first€Italian€report€as€soon€as€information€isÐ ˆØ Ðavailable€on€the€results€of€the€Committeeððs€examination€of€the€report,€which€it€is€presumed€will€takeÐ xÈ Ðplace€at€the€forthcoming€sixteenth€session.Ð h¸ ÐÌ2.€As€Italy€is€not€a€member€of€the€Committee,€it€is€not€in€a€position€to€judge€how€far€the€negativeÐ H˜ Ðfacts€reported€by€the€Committee€are€due€to€a€lack€of€will€on€the€part€of€the€States€Parties€to€theÐ 8ˆ ÐConvention€and€how€far€to€the€highly€analytical€type€of€procedure€advocated€by€the€Committee€forÐ (x Ðthe€preparation€of€national€reports.Ð h ÐÌIf€major€factors€of€appraisal€can€be€drawn€from€the€report€on€the€fifteenth€and€sixteenth€sessions€ofÐ ø H Ðthe€Committee,€which€will€be€considered€at€the€next€session€of€the€General€Assembly,€the€ItalianÐ è!8 Ðdelegation€will€not€fail€to€assist€in€considering€ways€and€means€of€overcoming€the€difficulty€ofÐ Ø"(  Ðwhich€the€Committee€complains.€Ð È#! ÐÓ`ÓÌÌà  àÌÌÌÌÌÌ________Ð 8,ˆ'* Ðà  àòòaóó/€For€the€text,€see€chap.€VIII,€sect.€A,€decision€3€(XV).Ð  (-x(+ ÐÔUSUK.,Ôò òÌÔ_ÔCERDÔ_Ô€A/37/18€(1982)ó óÐ  ð ÐÌAnnex€IVÐ €Ð ÐÌòòÓ  ÓComments€of€States€parties€on€General€Recommendation€VI€adopted€by€the€Committee€at€its€569òòthóóÐ ` ° Ðmeeting,€on€15€March€1982óó€òòaóó/Ð P   ÐÓ½ ÓÌ...Ð 0 € ÐÌITALYÐ `  ÐÌÓ  Ó[Original:€Italian]€€Ð ð@  ÐÌ[3€June€1982]€€Ð Ð  ÐÌÓ  Ó1.€The€Italian€Government€has€examined€with€particular€interest€General€Recommendation€VI€of€theÐ ° ÐCommittee€on€the€Elimination€of€Racial€Discrimination,€in€which€the€Committee€invited€the€GeneralÐ  ð ÐAssembly€to€take€note€of€the€delays€with€which€many€States€parties€to€the€Convention€on€theÐ à ÐElimination€of€All€Forms€of€Racial€Discrimination€transmit€reports€on€the€implementation€of€theÐ €Ð ÐConvention€in€their€respective€countries.€This€move€by€the€Committee€not€only€confirms€the€senseÐ pÀ Ðof€responsibility€with€which€the€Committee€performs€its€tasks€and€reports€annually€to€the€GeneralÐ `° ÐAssembly,€but€it€also€draws€the€attention€of€States€parties€to€article€9,€paragraph€2,€of€theÐ P  ÐConvention,€which€provides€for€general€recommendations€by€the€Committee€to€be€reported€to€theÐ @ ÐGeneral€Assembly€"together€with€comments,€if€any,€from€States€Parties".Ð 0€ ÐÌ2.€In€view€of€the€Italian€Government,€the€delays€referred€to€by€the€Committee€in€the€submission€ofÐ ` Ðreports€by€States€parties€are€highly€regrettable,€particularly€since€racial€discrimination€is€an€objectÐ P Ðof€constant€concern€to€all€the€intergovernmental€bodies€of€the€United€Nations€which€are€competentÐ ð@ Ðin€the€field€of€human€rights,€and€that€concern€has€found€its€most€significant€expression€in€theÐ à0 Ðproclamation,€in€General€Assembly€resolution€3057€(XXVIII),€of€the€Decade€for€Action€to€CombatÐ Ð  ÐRacism€and€Racial€Discrimination.€At€the€same€time,€the€Italian€Government€considers€that€theÐ À! Ðsituation€reported€by€the€Committee€can€and€should€be€overcome€through€a€review€of€its€causes€andÐ °"  Ðof€measures€which€might€be€taken€to€ensure€that€the€reports€of€States€parties€not€only€fulfil€anÐ  #ð! Ðobligation€assumed€on€the€ratification€of€the€Convention€and€form€a€useful€dialogue€between€StatesÐ $à" Ðparties€and€the€Committee,€but€that€they€also€act€as€an€incentive€towards€constant€efforts€to€improveÐ €%Ð # Ðnational€situations.Ð p&À!$ ÐÌ3.€The€causes€of€the€delays€which€have€been€pointed€out€by€the€Committee€are€considered€to€beÐ P( #& Ðthreefold:Ð @)$' ÐÌ(a)€The€difficulties€which€may€be€faced€by€small€countries,€above€all€in€preparing€the€first€analytical€Ð  +p&) Ðreport€on€racial€discrimination€in€accordance€with€the€Committeeððs€general€guidelines;Ð ,`'* Ð________Ð -P(+ Ðòòà  àaóó/€See€chap.€IV,€part€A.€para.€45,€above€[concluding€observations,€Ô_ÔCERDÔ_Ô€A/37/18].Ð ð-@), ÐÔ_Ô‡(b)€The€excessively€short€interval€(two€years)€between€States€partiesðð€first€reports€and€succeedingÐ ° Ðreports;Ð  ð ÐÌ(c)€The€simultaneous€preparation€of€four€other,€very€complicated,€reports€by€those€States€which€haveÐ €Ð Ðalso€ratified€the€International€Covenants€on€Human€Rights.Ð pÀ ÐÌThis€is€the€case€with€Italy,€for€example,€which€has€not€yet€been€able€to€submit€the€third€report€onÐ P   Ðracial€discrimination€because€in€the€meantime€the€Interministerial€Committee€on€Human€Rights€„Ð @  Ðan€òòad€hocóó€institution€for€preparing€the€reports€called€for€under€the€conventions€ratified€by€Italy€„€hasÐ 0 € Ðhad€to€prepare€the€first€report€on€civil€and€political€rights€and€the€first€report€on€economic€rights,€andÐ  p  Ðis€now€engaged€in€preparing€the€first€report€on€social€rights,€which€is€already€well€advanced.€InÐ `  Ðaddition,€there€is€the€danger€that€the€present€situation€of€simultaneous€preparation€over€relativelyÐ P  Ðshort€periods€of€five€reports€on€racial€discrimination€and€human€rights€may€become€worse€in€theÐ ð@  Ðlight€of€the€entry€into€force€of€the€Convention€on€the€Elimination€of€All€Forms€of€DiscriminationÐ à0  Ðagainst€Women€and€the€preparation,€still€in€progress,€of€the€final€text€of€the€draft€convention€onÐ Ð  Ðtorture€and€the€draft€convention€on€the€rights€of€the€child.Ð À ÐÌ4.€The€Italian€Government,€before€indicating€the€steps€which€it€thinks€might€be€considered€as€aÐ  ð Ðmeans€of€eliminating,€or€helping€to€eliminate€the€causes€of€the€delays€mentioned€above,€feels€itÐ à Ðappropriate€to€point€out€that€delays€in€the€submission€of€national€reports€also€occur€with€the€fourÐ €Ð Ðreports€on€the€International€Covenants€on€Human€Rights.€The€various€aspects€of€the€"reportingÐ pÀ Ðsystem"€should€therefore€be€examined€as€a€whole€by€the€General€Assembly€after€adequateÐ `° Ðpreparatory€work,€in€which€all€the€organs€responsible€for€the€implementation€of€the€system€shouldÐ P  Ðparticipate.€For€this€purpose,€the€next€session€of€the€Assembly€might€consider€the€desirability€ofÐ @ Ðconvening€a€short€meeting€of€the€Chairmen€of€the€Committee€on€the€Elimination€of€RacialÐ 0€ ÐDiscrimination,€the€Human€Rights€Committee€and€the€Sessional€Working€Group€of€the€EconomicÐ  p Ðand€Social€Council€which€considers€the€reports€on€economic,€social€and€cultural€rights.€For€the€sameÐ ` Ðpurpose,€the€comments€of€States€parties€to€the€Convention€on€the€Elimination€of€All€Forms€of€RacialÐ P ÐDiscrimination€should€be€communicated€by€the€Secretariat€to€the€Human€Rights€Committee€and€theÐ ð@ ÐEconomic€and€Social€Council€Working€Group.Ð à0 ÐÌ5.€On€that€basis,€attention€is€drawn€to€the€following€measures€which,€in€the€opinion€of€the€ItalianÐ À! ÐGovernment,€might€be€considered€in€order€to€improve€the€present€overall€situation€of€the€"reportingÐ °"  Ðsystem"€for€States€parties€to€the€human€rights€conventions€so€far€adopted€by€the€United€Nations:Ð  #ð! ÐÌ(a)€The€difficulties€which€small€countries€may€face€in€preparing€their€reports€could€be€overcome,Ð €%Ð # Ðafter€it€has€been€ascertained€that€they€occur€in€connection€with€the€reports€on€the€InternationalÐ p&À!$ ÐCovenants€on€Human€Rights€as€well,€by€organizing€short€missions€of€three€experts,€appointed€inÐ `'°"% Ðeach€case€by€the€Committee€on€the€Elimination€of€Racial€Discrimination,€the€Human€RightsÐ P( #& ÐCommittee€and€the€Economic€and€Social€Council€working€group,€following€a€calculation€of€theÐ @)$' Ðfinancial€implications.Ð 0*€%( ÐÌ(b)€In€general,€States€parties€which€have€presented€their€first€report€(assuming€it€has€been€found€toÐ ,`'* Ðbe€comprehensive)€should€merely€be€asked€to€"update"€it€periodically€for€the€purposes€of€eachÐ -P(+ Ðsucceeding€report.€Ô_ÔÐ ð-@), Ї(c)€The€excessively€short€interval€between€the€reports€on€racial€discrimination€subsequent€to€the€firstÐ ° Ðreport€could€be€modified€by€a€General€Assembly€resolution€containing€an€amendment€to€article€9,Ð  ð Ðparagraph€1,€of€the€Convention.Ð à ÐÌThis€amendment€should€take€account€of€the€intervals€laid€down€by€the€Human€Rights€CommitteeÐ pÀ Ðfor€the€reports€on€civil€and€political€rights€(five€years)€and€by€the€Economic€and€Social€Council€forÐ ` ° Ðthe€reports€on€economic,€social€and€cultural€rights€(six€years€for€the€three€reports€in€question);€andÐ P   Ðit€should€be€based€on€an€overall€timetable€providing,€for€example,€for€two€reports€(or€Ô_ÔupdatingsÔ_Ô)€forÐ @  Ðeach€of€the€five€kinds€of€reports€in€any€one€decade.Ð 0 € ÐÌ6.€The€suggestions€made€in€the€preceding€paragraph€take€into€account€the€state€of€ratification€of€theÐ `  ÐConvention€on€Racial€Discrimination€and€the€International€Covenants,€to€which€there€are€newÐ P  Ðaccessions€every€year.€The€proposed€timetable€would€both€lighten€the€task€required€of€States€partiesÐ ð@  Ðin€preparing€reports€and€enable€the€bodies€responsible€for€examining€them€to€cope€with€an€increasingÐ à0  Ðvolume€of€work.Ð Ð  ÐÌ7.€The€Italian€Government€hopes€that€when€the€Secretary„General€brings€General€RecommendationÐ ° ÐVI€to€the€attention€of€the€General€Assembly,€he€will€include€in€his€report,€òòin€Ô_ÔextensoÔ_Ôóó,€the€commentsÐ  ð Ðmade€by€States€parties€to€the€Convention€on€the€Elimination€of€All€Forms€of€Racial€Discrimination.ò òÐ à ÐÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌÌó óÔUK.,US.,: Ô