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OBJECTIONSMADETOSTATEPARTY'SRESERVATIONSANDDECLARATIONS    Denmark ,17March2005 \ WithregardtothedeclarationmadebyPakistanuponsignature: 8 "TheGovernmentofDenmarkhasexaminedthedeclarationmadebytheIslamicRepublicof ` Pakistanupon[signing]the1966InternationalCovenantonEconomic,SocialandCulturalRights. L TheapplicationoftheprovisionsofthesaidCovenanthasbeenmadesubjecttotheprovisionsof $ theconstitutionoftheIslamicRepublicofPakistan.Thisgeneralformulationmakesitunclearto  whatextenttheIslamicRepublicofPakistanconsidersitselfboundbytheobligationsofthe  CovenantandthereforeraisesdoubtastothecommitmentoftheIslamicRepublicofPakistantothe  objectandpurposeoftheCovenant.   TheGovernmentofDenmarkconsidersthatthedeclarationmadebytheIslamicRepublicof \"  PakistantotheinternationalCovenantonEconomic,SocialandCulturalRightsinsubstance H#! constitutesareservationandthatthisreservationisincompatiblewiththeobjectandpurposeofthe 4$" Covenant.  %p # Fortheabovementionedreasons,theGovernmentofDenmarkobjectstothisdeclarationmadeby &H"% theIslamicRepublicofPakistan.Thisobjectiondoesnotprecludetheentryintoforceofthe '4#& CovenantbetweentheIslamicRepublicofPakistanandDenmarkwithoutPakistanbenefitingfrom ( $' herdeclaration." ) %(   ***** +&* G  Finland ,15November2005  WithregardtodeclarationmadebyPakistanuponsignature: d "TheGovernmentofFinlandhascarefullyexaminedthedeclarationmadebytheGovernmentofthe <  IslamicRepublicofPakistanregardingtheInternationalCovenantonEconomic,SocialandCultural ( x Rights.TheGovernmentofFinlandtakesnotethattheprovisionsoftheCovenantshall,according  d totheGovernmentoftheIslamicRepublicofPakistan,besubjecttotheprovisionsofthe  P  constitutionoftheIslamicRepublicofPakistan.  <  TheGovernmentofFinlandnotesthatareservationwhichconsistsofageneralreferencetonational   lawwithoutspecifyingthecontentsdoesnotclearlydefinetootherPartiestotheConventionthe   extenttowhichthereservingStatecommitsitselftotheConventionandcreatesseriousdoubtsas   tothecommitmentofthereceivingStatetofulfilitsobligationsundertheConvention.Such   reservationsare,furthermore,subjecttothegeneralprincipleoftreatyinterpretationaccordingto t whichapartymaynotinvoketheprovisionsofitsdomesticlawasjustificationforafailureto ` performitstreatyobligations. L TheGovernmentofFinlandthereforeobjectstotheabovementioneddeclarationmadebythe $t GovernmentoftheIslamicRepublicofPakistantotheCovenant.Thisobjectiondoesnotpreclude ` theentryintoforceoftheCovenantbetweentheIslamicRepublicofPakistanandFinland.The L CovenantwillthusbecomeoperativebetweenthetwostateswithouttheIslamicRepublicof 8 Pakistanbenefitingfromitsdeclaration." $   *****  ! France ,11November2005  WithregardtothedeclarationmadebyPakistanuponsignature: `  TheGovernmentoftheFrenchRepublichasexaminedthedeclarationmadebytheGovernmentof 8"  theIslamicRepublicofPakistanuponsigningtheInternationalCovenantonEconomic,Socialand $#t! CulturalRights,adoptedon16December1966,accordingtowhich'TheprovisionsoftheCovenant $`" shallbesubjecttotheprovisionsoftheconstitutionoftheIslamicRepublicofPakistan'.Sucha $L # declarationisgeneralinscopeandunclearandcouldrendertheprovisionsoftheCovenantnulland %8!$ void.TheGovernmentoftheFrenchRepublicconsidersthatthesaiddeclarationconstitutesa &$"% reservationwhichisincompatiblewiththeobjectandpurposeoftheCovenantandittherefore '#& objectstothatdeclaration.ThisobjectiondoesnotprecludetheentryintoforceoftheCovenant (#' betweenFranceandPakistan. )$(   ***** p+&*  Germany ,8November200[5] t WithregardtothedeclarationmadebyPakistanuponsignature: P  "TheGovernmentoftheFederalRepublicofGermanyhascarefullyexaminedthedeclarationmade ( x bytheGovernmentoftheIslamicRepublicofPakistanuponsignatureoftheInternationalCovenant  d onEconomic,SocialandCulturalRights.  P  TheGovernmentoftheIslamicRepublicofPakistandeclaredthatit"willimplementthe(...) (  Provisionsinaprogressivemanner,inkeepingwiththeexistingeconomicconditionsandthe   developmentplansofthecountry".Sincesomefundamentalobligationsresultingfromthe   InternationalCovenantonEconomic,SocialandCulturalRights,includinginparticulartheprinciple   ofnondiscriminationfoundinArticle2(2)thereof,arenotsusceptibletoprogressive   implementationandarethustobeguaranteedimmediately,thedeclarationrepresentsasignificant t qualificationofPakistan'scommitmenttoguaranteethehumanrightsreferredtointheCovenant. ` TheGovernmentoftheIslamicRepublicofPakistanalsodeclaredthat"theprovisionsofthe 8 Covenantshall,however,besubjecttotheprovisionsoftheconstitutionoftheIslamicRepublicof $t Pakistan".TheGovernmentoftheFederalRepublicofGermanyisoftheopinionthatthisleavesit ` uncleartowhichextenttheIslamicRepublicofPakistanconsidersitselfboundbytheobligations L resultingfromtheCovenant. 8 TheGovernmentoftheFederalRepublicofGermanythereforeregardstheabovementioned  declarationsasreservationsandasincompatiblewiththeobjectandpurposeoftheCovenant.  TheGovernmentoftheFederalRepublicofGermanythereforeobjectstotheabovementioned  reservationsmadebytheGovernmentoftheIslamicRepublicofPakistantotheInternational p CovenantonEconomic,SocialandCulturalRights.Thisobjectionshallnotprecludetheentryinto \  forceoftheCovenantbetweentheFederalRepublicofGermanyandtheIslamicRepublicof H! Pakistan." 4"    *****  $\" ! Latvia, 10November2005 %4!$ WithregardtothedeclarationmadebyPakistanuponsignature: '#& "TheGovernmentoftheRepublicofLatviahascarefullyexaminedthedeclarationmadebythe )$( IslamicRepublicofPakistantotheInternationalCovenanton[Economic,SocialandCultural] *%) Rightsuponaccession. p+&* ЇTheGovernmentoftheRepublicofLatviaconsidersthatthedeclarationcontainsgeneralreference  tonationallaw,makingtheprovisionsofInternationalCovenantsubjecttothenationallawofthe  IslamicRepublicofPakistan.  Thus,theGovernmentoftheRepublicofLatviaisoftheopinionthatthedeclarationisinfacta ` unilateralactdeemedtolimitthescopeofapplicationoftheInternationalCovenantandtherefore, L  itshallberegardedasareservation. 8  Moreover,theGovernmentoftheRepublicofLatvianotedthatthereservationdoesnotmakeit  ` cleartowhatextenttheIslamicRepublicofPakistanconsidersitselfboundbytheprovisionsofthe  L  InternationalCovenantandwhetherthewayofimplementationoftheprovisionsoftheInternational  8  CovenantisinlinewiththeobjectandpurposeoftheInternationalCovenant. $  TheGovernmentoftheRepublicofLatviarecallsthatcustomaryinternationallawascodifiedby   ViennaConventionontheLawofTreaties,andinparticularArticle19(c),setsoutthereservations   thatareincompatiblewiththeobjectandpurposeofatreatyarenotpermissible.   TheGovernmentoftheRepublicofLatviathereforeobjectstotheaforesaidreservationsmadeby \ theIslamicRepublicofPakistantotheInternationalCovenantonEconomic,SocialandCultural H Rights. 4 However,thisobjectionshallnotprecludetheentryintoforceoftheInternationalCovenantbetween  \ theRepublicofLatviaandtheIslamicRepublicofPakistan.Thus,theInternationalCovenantwill H becomeoperativewithouttheIslamicRepublicofPakistanbenefitingfromitsreservation." 4   *****   @+ TheNetherlands, 7October2005  WithregardtothedeclarationmadebyPakistanuponsignature: p "TheGovernmentoftheKingdomoftheNetherlandshasexaminedthedeclarationmadebythe H! IslamicRepublicofPakistanon3November2004uponsignatureoftheInternationalCovenanton 4"  Economic,SocialandCulturalRights,doneatNewYorkon16December1966.  #p! TheGovernmentoftheKingdomoftheNetherlandswouldliketorecallthatthestatusofa $H # statementisnotdeterminedbythedesignationassignedtoit.Theapplicationoftheprovisionsfthe %4!$ InternationalCovenantonEconomic,SocialandCulturalRightshasbeenmadesubjecttothe & "% provisionsoftheconstitutionoftheIslamicRepublicofPakistan. ' #& ThismakesituncleartowhatextenttheIslamicRepublicofPakistanconsidersitselfboundbythe )$( obligationsofthetreaty.ItisofthecommoninterestofStatesthatallpartiesrespecttreatiesto *%) whichtheyhavechosentobecomepartiesandthatStatesarepreparedtoundertakeanylegislative l+&* changesnecessarytocomplywiththeirobligationsunderthetreaties.Areservationasformulated  bytheIslamicRepublicofPakistanisthuslikelytocontributetounderminingthebasisof  internationaltreatylaw.  TheGovernmentoftheKingdomoftheNetherlandsconsidersthatthedeclarationmadebythe ` IslamicRepublicofPakistantotheInternationalCovenantonEconomic,SocialandCulturalRights L  insubstanceconstitutesareservation. 8  TheGovernmentoftheKingdomoftheNetherlandsthereforeobjectstothedeclarationmadebythe  ` IslamicRepublicofPakistantotheInternationalCovenantonEconomic,SocialandCulturalRights.  L  ThisobjectionshallnotprecludetheentryintoforceoftheCovenantbetweentheKingdomofthe $  NetherlandsandtheIslamicRepublicofPakistan,withoutPakistanbenefitingfromitsdeclaration."USUK.,   UK.,US.,m4  *****   4 Norway ,17November2005   WithregardtothedeclarationmadebyPakistanuponsignature: ` "TheGovernmentoftheKingdomofNorwayhaveexaminedtheDeclarationmadebythe 8 GovernmentoftheIslamicRepublicofPakistanon3November2004onsignatureofthe $t InternationalCovenantonEconomic,SocialandCulturalRights(NewYork,16December1966). ` AccordingtothefirstpartoftheDeclaration,theGovernmentoftheIslamicRepublicofPakistan L "willimplementthe(...)provisions(embodiedintheCovenant)inaprogressivemanner,inkeeping 8 withtheexistingeconomicconditionsandthedevelopmentplansofthecountry".Sincesome $ fundamentalobligationsembodiedintheCovenant,includinginparticulartheprincipleofnon  discriminationfoundinArticle2(2)thereof,arenotsusceptibletoprogressiveimplementationand  arethustobeguaranteedimmediately,theGovernmentoftheKingdomofNorwayconsiderthatthis  partoftheDeclarationrepresentsasignificantqualificationofPakistan'scommitmenttoguarantee  theprovisionsembodiedintheCovenant. p AccordingtothesecondpartoftheDeclaration,"(t)heprovisionsoftheCovenantshall,however, H! besubjecttotheprovisionsoftheconstitutionoftheIslamicRepublicofPakistan."TheGovernment 4"  oftheKingdomofNorwaynotethatageneralreferencetonationallawwithoutspecifyingits  #p! contentsdoesnotclearlydefinefortheotherStatesPartiestotheConventiontheextenttowhichthe  $\" reservingStatehasacceptedtheobligationsoftheConvention. $H # TheGovernmentoftheKingdomofNorwayconsiderthatbothpartsoftheGovernmentofthe & "% IslamicRepublicofPakistan'sDeclarationseektolimitthescopeoftheCovenantonaunilateral ' #& basisandthereforeconstitutereservations.TheGovernmentoftheKingdomofNorwayconsider (#' bothreservationstobeincompatiblewiththeobjectandpurposeoftheCovenant,andtherefore )$( objecttothereservationsmadebytheGovernmentoftheIslamicRepublicofPakistan. *%)  l+&* ThisobjectiondoesnotprecludetheentryintoforceinitsentiretyoftheCovenantbetweenthe  KingdomofNorwayandtheIslamicRepublicofPakistan,withouttheIslamicRepublicofPakistan  benefitingfromitsreservations."    ***** ` ? Spain ,15November2005 L  WithregardtothedeclarationmadebyPakistanuponsignature: ( x TheGovernmentoftheKingdomofSpainhasexaminedtheDeclarationmadebytheGovernment  P  oftheIslamicRepublicofPakistanon3November2004onsignatureoftheInternationalCovenant  <  onEconomic,SocialandCulturalRights,of16December1966. (  TheGovernmentoftheKingdomofSpainpointsoutthatregardlessofwhatitmaybecalled,a   unilateraldeclarationmadebyaStateforthepurposeofexcludingorchangingthelegaleffectsof   certainprovisionsofatreatyasitappliestothatStateconstitutesareservation.   TheGovernmentoftheKingdomofSpainconsidersthattheDeclarationmadebytheGovernment ` oftheIslamicRepublicofPakistan,whichseekstosubjecttheapplicationoftheprovisionsofthe L CovenanttotheprovisionsoftheconstitutionoftheIslamicRepublicofPakistanisareservation 8 whichseekstolimitthelegaleffectsoftheCovenantasitappliestotheIslamicRepublicof $t Pakistan.Areservationthatincludesageneralreferencetonationallawwithoutspecifyingits ` contentsdoesnotmakeitpossibletodetermineclearlytheextenttowhichtheIslamicRepublicof L PakistanhasacceptedtheobligationsoftheCovenantand,consequently,createsdoubtsastothe 8 commitmentoftheIslamicRepublicofPakistantotheobjectandpurposeoftheCovenant. $ TheGovernmentoftheKingdomofSpainconsidersthattheDeclarationmadebytheGovernment  oftheIslamicRepublicofPakistantotheeffectthatitsubjectsitsobligationsundertheInternational  CovenantonEconomic,SocialandCulturalRightstotheprovisionsofitsconstitutionisa  reservationandthatthatreservationisincompatiblewiththeobjectandpurposeoftheCovenant. p Accordingtocustomaryinternationallaw,ascodifiedintheViennaConventionontheLawof H! Treaties,reservationsthatareincompatiblewiththeobjectandpurposeofatreatyarenot 4"  permissible.  #p! Consequently,theGovernmentoftheKingdomofSpainobjectstothereservationmadebythe $H # GovernmentoftheIslamicRepublicofPakistantotheInternationalCovenantonEconomic,Social %4!$ andCulturalRights. & "% ThisobjectionshallnotprecludetheentryintoforceoftheCovenantbetweentheKingdomofSpain (#' andtheIslamicRepublicofPakistan. )$(   ***** l+&* ]K Sweden ,1March2005  WithregardtothedeclarationmadebyPakistanuponsignature: x "TheGovernmentofSwedenwouldliketorecallthatthedesignationassignedtoastatement P  wherebythelegaleffectofcertainprovisionsofatreatyisexcludedormodifieddoesnotdetermine <  itsstatusasareservationtothetreaty. ( x TheGovernmentofSwedenisoftheviewthatalthoughArticle2(1)oftheCovenantallowsfora  P  progressiverealizationoftheprovisions,thismaynotbeinvokedasabasisfordiscrimination.  <  TheapplicationoftheprovisionsoftheCovenanthasbeenmadesubjecttoprovisionsofthe   constitutionoftheIslamicRepublicofPakistan.ThismakesituncleartowhatextenttheIslamic   RepublicofPakistanconsidersitselfboundbytheobligationsofthetreatyandthereforeraises   doubtsastothecommitmentoftheIslamicRepublicofPakistantotheobjectandpurposeofthe   Covenant.TheGovernmentofSwedenconsidersthatthedeclarationmadebytheGovernmentof t theIslamicRepublicofPakistantotheInternationalCovenantonEconomic,SocialandCultural ` Rightsinsubstanceconstitutesareservation. L ItisofcommoninterestofStatesthatallPartiesrespecttreatiestowhichtheyhavechosento $t becomepartiesandthatStatesarepreparedtoundertakeanylegislativechangesnecessarytocomply ` withtheirobligationsunderthetreaties.Accordingtocustomaryinternationallaw,ascodifiedinthe L ViennaConventionontheLawofTreaties,areservationincompatiblewiththeobjectandpurpose 8 ofatreatyshallnotbepermitted. $ TheGovernmentofSwedenthereforeobjectstothereservationmadebytheIslamicRepublicof  PakistantotheInternationalCovenantonEconomic,SocialandCulturalRights.  ThisobjectionshallnotprecludetheentryintoforceoftheCovenantbetweenPakistanandSweden, p withoutPakistanbenefitingfromitsreservation." \    ***** 4"  T UnitedKingdomofGreatBritainandNorthernIreland ,17August2005  $\" WithregardtothedeclarationmadebyPakistanuponsignature: %8!$ "TheGovernmentoftheUnitedKingdomhaveexaminedtheDeclarationmadebytheGovernment '#& ofPakistanon3November2004onsignatureoftheInternationalCovenantonEconomic,Social (#' andCulturalRights(doneatNewYorkon16December1966). )$( TheGovernmentoftheUnitedKingdomconsiderthattheGovernmentofPakistan's_Declaration p+&* whichseekstosubjectitsobligationsundertheCovenanttotheprovisionsofitsownConstitution  isareservationwhichseekstolimitthescopeoftheCovenantonaunilateralbasis.TheGovernment  oftheUnitedKingdomnotethatareservationtoaConventionwhichconsistsofageneralreference  tonationallawwithoutspecifyingitscontentsdoesnotclearlydefinefortheotherStatesPartiesto t theConventiontheextenttowhichthereservingStatehasacceptedtheobligationsofthe ` Convention.TheGovernmentoftheUnitedKingdomthereforeobjecttothisreservationmadeby L  theGovernmentofPakistan. 8  ThisobjectionshallnotprecludetheentryintoforceoftheCovenantbetweentheUnitedKingdom  ` ofGreatBritainandNorthernIrelandandPakistan."  L    ***** $  2[Note   WithregardtothedeclarationmadebyPakistanuponsignature,the_Secetary_ԄGeneralreceiveda   communicationfromthefollowingStateonthedateindicatedhereinafter: p  Austria (25November2005): H "TheGovernmentofAustriahasexaminedthedeclarationmadebytheIslamicRepublicofPakistan $t uponsignatureoftheInternationalCovenantonEconomic,SocialandCulturalRights. ` TheapplicationoftheprovisionsoftheCovenanthasbeenmadesubjecttoprovisionsofnational 8 law.ThismakesituncleartowhatextenttheIslamicRepublicofPakistanconsidersitselfboundby $ theobligationsofthetreatyandthereforeraisesconcernsastothecommitmentoftheIslamic  RepublicofPakistantotheobjectandpurposeoftheCovenant.  ЀTheGovernmentofAustriaconsidersthatthedeclarationmadebytheIslamicRepublicofPakistan  totheCovenantinsubstanceconstitutesareservationandthatthisreservationisincompatiblewith p theobjectandthepurposeoftheCovenant. \  TheGovernmentofAustriathereforeobjectstothereservationmadebytheIslamicRepublicof 4"  PakistantotheCovenant.  #p! ThisobjectionshallnotprecludetheentryintoforceoftheCovenantbetweentheIslamicRepublic $H # ofPakistanandtheRepublicofAustria." %4!$ (Note_25,_ԀChapterIV.3,MultilateralTreatiesDepositedwiththeSecretaryGeneral) & "%