ÿWPCM ÂBgêKyò2yV~¥å†Ù ·ÿ2yÁÞN\/+ëì©FênyubÅ@ÎÓLzîæ÷!dýªPx ]Î2³Š";=ޥýžM¸hɲ¿±›‘–hƒü&N=ì'¿ÐÌ—!SKçí©+t+]ƒ—Ô¸ºõ@‰-¾Á7«1DŸ=mØï먹1Æfe +Y„ d©Êþ8#s`]U.4Ë!B u„gì'è@ j†DžUæÁQ×Ip ˜øš>ºlÞ _{a䆅Ü(Aÿ §?WAšSP¶†-tÕÆwq›»·1næ²Ô¡±ð!w¥:¶ô!C†Œê½ Ÿ&¦{×3#/QdFC/‹ö«µ=1Á‡’¾w_ †³º’n KXù!¡4.n¿(o(tˆò•¯<¿“zÈ;aŽÔ½y¸t¢x§ÒZ¦°wÒØÃVÿcÑCép˜´® ÖÞïZxÌq˜uEjÀöl£¨ ÅÆÌǼYç½X„3RrÝWÜž£ ëÞ4r?7GYkr‰MmEª-ËßËTpNÈy 71{‡¹R:Y~0 ¼Á…hºÆzÇ¡˜(kOŒ=ù¨µª€Fnɘ÷ ˆuPž¹=9ò¢~ÆìâõÞ6fS4 #ɨUNq %¿ 0:ÅNÿ^ w 4%4 m6˜ 0&Öd9 Z‹6Times New Roman RegularX(üœ$¡¡ÔUSUS.,Ô·9p8— tC8ê:i¢×+003|xÿU‹ÿÀÀÀÝ ƒüœ!ÝÔUSUS.,ÔÝ  ÝÔ_ÔÓ  Óò òÔ‡¼ÿh»XXÔPORTUGALó óÔ#†X%AX»¼ÿhL#ÔÐ ° ÐÓ=ÓÌò òFollow-up€-€State€ReportingÐ Ê Ѐ€€€€€€€€€€€Action€by€State€PartyÐ Ä Ðó óÌò òCAT,€CAT/C/PRT/CO/4/Add.1€(2007)ó óÐ ¸  ÐÌÓ  ÓCONSIDERATION€OF€REPORTS€SUBMITTED€BY€STATES€PARTIES€UNDER€ARTICLE€19€OFÐ ¬ ü ÐTHE€CONVENTIONÐ ¦ ö ÐÌò òComments€by€the€Government€of€PORTUGAL*€to€the€conclusions€and€recommendations€of€theÐ šê  ÐCommittee€against€Torture€(CAT/C/PRT/CO/4)ó óÐ ”ä  ÐÌ[23€November€2007]Ð ˆØ  ÐÌ1.à  àPortugal€welcomes€the€successful€dialogue€it€had€with€the€Committee€during€the€presentation€of€theÐ |Ì Ðreport.€It€is€determined€to€work,€both€now€and€in€the€future,€to€resolve€questions€concerning€the€humanÐ vÆ Ðrights€of€persons€under€its€jurisdiction,€and€it€will€continue€to€offer€the€Committee€against€Torture€everyÐ pÀ Ðassistance€as€the€Committee€Ô_ÔendeavoursÔ_Ô€to€understand€the€human€rights€situation€in€Portugal.€€Ð jº ÐÌ2.à  àIn€section€C€of€its€draft€concluding€observations,€the€Committee€refers€to€several€subjects€ofÐ ^® Ðconcern€and€makes€a€number€of€recommendations.€Portugal€would€like€to€address€some€of€the€subjectsÐ X¨ Ðof€concern,€since€it€seems€that€perhaps€it€did€not€reply€to€the€Committee's€questions€clearly.Ð R¢ ÐÌò òDefinition€of€tortureÐ F– ÐÌParagraph€6ó óÐ :Š ÐÌ3.à  àInclusion€of€discrimination€in€the€definition€of€torture€in€article€243€of€the€Penal€Code.€In€reply€toÐ . ~ Ðthe€question€raised€by€the€Country€Rapporteur,€it€was€pointed€out€that€the€definition€in€article€243€isÐ (!x Ðsufficiently€broad€to€cover€discrimination,€provided€that€it€is€committed€by€an€official€in€the€performance€ofÐ ""r Ðhis€or€her€duties.€Ð #l ÐÌò òArrest€for€the€purpose€of€verifying€identityÐ %` ! ÐÌParagraph€7ó óÐ 'T"# ÐÌà  à(a)à ` àIn€accordance€with€the€law€and€police€practice€in€Portugal,€all€police€measures€are€strictlyÐ ø(H$% Ðindividual€and€concrete€(Constitution,€art.€272,€para.€2).€Ð ò)B%& ÐÌà0  àà ` à"Being€taken€by€force€to€a€police€station€for€the€purpose€of€identification"ò òòò€1óóó ó€is€a€policeÐ æ+6'( Ðmeasure€established€by€law€(Code€of€Criminal€Procedure,€art.€250).€Thus,€"collective€arrest"€orÐ à,0() Ð"collective€detention"€does€not€exist€either€in€law€or€in€practice.€ÐÚ-*)*(#(# Їà  à(b)à ` àArticle€80€of€the€Penal€Code€provides€that€the€time€spent€in€detention€for€identificationÐ ° Ðpurposes€(six€hours€maximum)€shall€be€deducted€from€the€duration€of€the€sentence.€Detention€for€theÐ ªú Ðpurpose€of€identification€expires€after€six€hours.€In€the€rare€case€in€which€detention€is€followed€by€custody,Ð ¤ô Ðpractice€would€appear€to€indicate€that€the€six€hours€are€taken€into€account.ò òòò€2óóó óÐ žî ÐÌà  àÔ_Ô(cÔ_Ô)à ` àSince€they€are€held€in€a€police€station,€detainees€are€placed€under€the€"responsibility€andÐ ’ â Ðprotection"€of€the€police€(No.€10.1€Regulation€governing€physical€conditions€ð8ð).€While€legally€such€personsÐ Œ Ü Ðfall€under€the€responsibility€of€the€prosecuting€authorities,€they€are€physically€and€legally€under€theÐ † Ö Ðsupervision€of€the€police.€Pursuant€to€the€above-mentioned€Regulations,€the€police€are€requiredÐ € Ð Ð(non-discretionary€power)€to€provide€medical€care€for€the€detainees€(for€details,€see€Regulations,€para.€21).Ð z Ê  ÐA€forensic€medical€examination€is€required€whenever€the€crime€is€of€a€public€nature,€and€such€examinationsÐ tÄ  Ðare€always€supervised€by€the€Public€Prosecutor's€Office.Ð n¾  ÐÌò òIncommunicado€regimeÐ b²  ÐÌParagraph€9ó óÐ V¦ ÐÌ4.à  àIncommunicado€detention€is€kept€to€a€minimum€and€is€applicable€only€in€the€case€of€very€seriousÐ Jš Ðcrimes.€Pursuant€to€article€51,€subparagraph€(a),€of€the€Code€of€Criminal€Procedure,€such€detention€mustÐ D” Ðbe€immediately€notified€to€the€Public€Prosecutor's€Office€with€a€view€to€ensuring€strict€judicial€supervisionÐ >Ž Ðin€the€matter.€Such€detention€may€not€exceed€48€hours.€Ð 8ˆ ÐÌò òUniversal€jurisdictionÐ ,| ÐÌParagraph€10ó óÐ  p ÐÌ5.à  àIn€Portugal,€the€Office€of€the€Attorney-General€of€the€Republic€is€independent€of€the€GovernmentÐ d Ðand€is€not€bound€by€the€executive€power€for€matters€of€criminal€procedure.€Ð ^ ÐÌ6.à  àAccording€to€the€Statute€of€the€Public€Prosecutor's€Office€(Act€No.€60/98€of€27€August€1998),Ð !R Ðprosecutors€are€independent€and€subject€only€to€the€criteria€of€legality€and€objectivity,€and€magistrates€areÐ ü!L Ðsubject€only€to€the€directives,€orders€and€instructions€set€out€in€the€Act€(art.€2).€Ð ö"F ÐÌ7.à  àThe€Government€may€not€use€the€Minister€of€Justice€to€give€instructions€to€the€Attorney€GeneralÐ ê$: ! Ðregarding€ongoing€criminal€proceedings€(Act€No.€60/98,€art.€87).Ð ä%4!" ÐÌ8.à  àWith€regard€to€universal€jurisdiction,€the€Advisory€Council€of€the€Attorney-General's€Office€(aÐ Ø'(#$ Ðgovernment€consultative€body)€has,€at€the€Government's€request,€issued€an€opinion€concerning€the€questionÐ Ò("$% Ðof€Ô_ÔTimorÔ_Ô.Ð Ì)%& ÐÌ9.à  àHowever,€the€final€decision€in€such€matters€remains€judicial€in€nature€and€is€a€matter€for€a€judge.Ð À+'( ÐUnder€article€5€of€the€Penal€Code,€this€jurisdiction€lies€with€the€courts.€Ð º, () ÐÐ ´-)* Ðò òPrison€conditionsÐ ° ÐÌParagraph€11ó óÐ ¤ô ÐÌ10.à  àThere€have€been€no€reports€of€cases€of€sexual€violence€between€detainees,€and€no€complaint€toÐ ˜è Ðthat€effect€has€been€registered.€The€prison€population€is€tested€for€AIDS€and€other€infectious€diseases,€andÐ ’ â Ðsick€inmates€receive€appropriate€care.€The€deaths€due€to€AIDS€are€of€natural€causes€and€reflect€infectionÐ Œ Ü Ðand€morbidity€rates€in€the€national€population;€they€are€not€€Ð † Ö ÐÌdue€to€prison€conditions.€It€should€be€pointed€out€that€the€death€rate€in€prisons€has€been€decliningÐ z Ê  Ðcontinuously,€falling€from€167€cases€in€1997€to€91€cases€in€2007.€A€similar€trend€has€been€noted€forÐ tÄ  Ðsuicides.€Given€the€country's€total€prison€population€of€12,000€inmates,€the€number€of€deaths€due€to€illnessÐ n¾  Ðor€homicide,€although€regrettable,€cannot€be€regarded€as€high,€especially€when€account€is€taken€of€the€factÐ h¸  Ðthat€the€prison€system€annually€processes€more€than€24,000€individuals,€a€figure€which€includes€inmateÐ b²  Ðincarcerations€and€releases.Ð \¬  ÐÌ11.à  àThe€Ô_ÔAlbineÔ_Ô€Ô_ÔLib nioÔ_Ô€case€is€not€an€instance€of€torture.€It€was€referred€to€the€courts,€and€the€resultingÐ P  Ðdecision€was€the€subject€of€an€appeal.€A€disciplinary€trial€is€under€way€to€decide€whether€to€dismiss€theÐ Jš Ðprison€guard.€There€are€many€complex€reasons€for€prison€violence,€which€is€constantly€being€addressedÐ D” Ðwithin€the€prison€system.€Ð >Ž ÐÌò òPrompt€and€impartial€investigations€and€compensationÐ 2‚ ÐÌParagraph€12ó óÐ &v ÐÌ12.à  àArticle€4€of€Act€No.€21/2000€of€10€August€2000€refers€to€the€criminal€investigation€police€crimesÐ j Ðagainst€the€peace€and€humanity,€including€torture.€Ð d ÐÌò òParagraph€13ó óÐ  X ÐÌà  à(a)à ` àAll€complaints€of€torture€or€cruel,€inhuman€or€degrading€treatment€brought€against€the€policeÐ ü!L Ðforce€are€immediately€investigated€(criminal€and€disciplinary€investigation).€As€the€investigation€is€automaticÐ ö"F Ð(legality€of€prosecution,€non-discretionary€power),€a€complaint€is€not€necessary€(for€details,€see€the€CodeÐ ð#@  Ðof€Criminal€Procedure,€arts.€241€ff.,€the€Inspectorate€General€of€Internal€Administration€(Organization)€Act,Ð ê$: ! Ðart.€4,€para.€2,€and€the€Ô_ÔIGAIÔ_Ô€Regulations,€arts.€1€3).€Ð ä%4!" ÐÌà  à(b)à ` àTwo€laws,€the€regime€of€responsibility€for€acts€by€public€authorities€(Decree-Law€No.Ð Ø'(#$ Ð48,051€of€21€November€1967)€and€the€regime€of€compensation€for€victims€of€violent€crimes€(Decree-LawÐ Ò("$% ÐNo.€423/91€of€30€October€1991)€guarantee€compensation€to€the€victims€in€such€cases.Ð Ì)%& ÐÌò òParagraph€15ó óÐ À+'( ÐÌ13.à  àThe€recommendation€does€not€take€into€account€the€extensive€information€provided€to€theÐ ´-)* ÐCommittee€on€efforts€to€combat€domestic€violence.€The€first€National€Plan€to€combat€domestic€violenceÐ ° Ðdates€from€1999,€and€the€third€National€Plan€was€recently€approved.€This€Plan€has€carefully€defined€areasÐ ªú Ðof€action€and€will€continue€until€2010.Ð ¤ô ÐÌ14.à  àMoreover,€no€mention€is€made€of€the€legislative€and€administrative€measures€taken€to€address€theÐ ˜è Ðphenomenon:€publicizing€the€crime,€ensuring€the€necessary€conditions€for€the€protection€of€victims,€theÐ ’ â Ðcreation€of€specialized€services€to€receive€complaints€from€victims,€the€opening€of€shelters€(34€of€which€areÐ Œ Ü Ðalready€in€operation),€and€the€punishment€and€treatment€of€offenders.€In€addition,€criminal€proceedings€haveÐ † Ö Ðbeen€brought€against€offenders€whenever€the€authorities€have€learned€of€cases€of€domestic€violence.€Ð € Ð ÐÌ15.à  àLastly,€no€mention€is€made€of€the€major€efforts€undertaken€by€Portugal€in€recent€years€to€trainÐ tÄ  Ðspecialized€personnel,€including€police€officers,€in€domestic€violence€directed€against€women€and€children.€Ð n¾  ÐÌò òParagraph€16ó óÐ b²  ÐÌ16.à  àContrary€to€what€is€stated€in€the€draft€concluding€observations,€human€trafficking€in€Portugal€hasÐ V¦ Ðnot€assumed€proportions€comparable€to€those€in€other€countries€of€the€European€Union.€Portugal€is€makingÐ P  Ðconsiderable€legislative€and€material€efforts€to€combat€the€practice,€by€passing€new€laws€and€heighteningÐ Jš Ðpublic€awareness.€Thus€the€recommendation€as€formulated€seems€excessive.€Specific€legislative€measuresÐ D” Ðhave€been€taken€to€punish€the€perpetrators€of€this€type€of€offence€appropriately,€and€some€offenders€haveÐ >Ž Ðalready€been€sentenced,€as€the€Committee€has€been€informed.Ð 8ˆ ÐÌò òDiscriminationÐ ,| ÐÌParagraph€17ó óÐ  p ÐÌà  àWhile€discriminatory€behaviour€occurs€in€Portugal,€as€it€does€in€all€countries,€Portugal€is€workingÐ d Ðtirelessly€to€combat€the€phenomenon.€Reference€is€made€to€the€reports€submitted€to€the€Committee€on€theÐ ^ ÐElimination€of€Racial€Discrimination€(CERD),€and€in€particular€to€the€eleventh€report,€which€was€consideredÐ  X Ðin€August€2004.€In€addition€to€article€240€of€the€Penal€Code,€Portugal€had€introduced€Act€No.€144/99€andÐ !R ÐDecree-Law€No.€111/2000€on€discriminatory€offences€of€an€administrative€nature,€following€up€on€theÐ ü!L Ðrecommendations€of€the€Council€of€Europe's€European€Commission€Against€Racism€and€IntoleranceÐ ö"F Ð(ECRI)€on€the€subject.€If€the€complaints€received€by€the€Commission€on€Equality€and€Non-DiscriminationÐ ð#@  Ðare€criminal€in€nature,€administrative€proceedings€give€way€to€criminal€proceedings,€since€the€complaint€isÐ ê$: ! Ðreferred€to€the€prosecuting€authorities.€Lastly,€there€is€also€a€system€of€civil€liability€for€racist€acts€whichÐ ä%4!" Ðfocuses€on€the€victim€and€is€based€on€articles€70€and€483€of€the€Civil€Code.€Reference€is€made€to€the€homeÐ Þ&."# Ðpage€of€the€Office€of€the€High€Commissioner€for€Integration€and€against€Discrimination€(ACIDI)€atÐ Ø'(#$ Ðwww.acidi.gov.pt.Ð Ò("$% ÐÌò òParagraph€19ó óÐ Æ*&' ÐÌ17.à  àAs€Portugal€has€ratified€all€the€major€international€human€rights€instruments,€it€is€difficult€to€imagineÐ º, () Ðwhat€texts€the€Committee€is€referring€to€in€this€recommendation.€For€the€international€instruments€in€forceÐ ´-)* Ðin€Portugal,€see€www.gddc.pt.Ð ° ÐÌò òParagraph€20ó óÐ ¤ô ÐÌ18.à  àThis€recommendation€does€not€take€account€of€all€the€information€that€Portugal€has€provided€to€theÐ ˜è ÐCommittee€both€orally€and€in€writing€regarding€the€public€dissemination€over€a€number€of€years€of€theÐ ’ â Ðreports€submitted€to€international€treaty€bodies,€accounts€of€their€consideration€and€the€conclusions€andÐ Œ Ü Ðrecommendations€made€with€regard€to€them,€notably€on€the€website€of€the€Office€of€Documentation€andÐ † Ö ÐComparative€Law€of€the€Attorney-General's€Office.€All€this€information€has€long€been€made€public€inÐ € Ð ÐPortugal€and€is€thus€available€to€all€interested€parties,€including€national€non€governmental€organizationsÐ z Ê  Ð(NGOs).€Ð tÄ  ÐÌ19.à  àAs€also€reported€to€the€Committee,€the€current€practice€is€to€provide€national€NGOs€with€countryÐ h¸  Ðreports€before€submitting€the€documents€to€the€United€Nations€treaty€bodies.€Exceptionally,€this€was€notÐ b²  Ðdone€in€the€case€of€the€fourth€report€before€the€Committee,€out€of€a€concern€to€submit€the€report€by€theÐ \¬  Ðdeadline€set€by€that€body.€Ð V¦ ÐÌ_________________________Ð Jš ÐÌ*/€€In€accordance€with€the€information€transmitted€to€States€parties€regarding€the€processing€of€their€reports,Ð >Ž Ðthe€present€document€was€not€formally€edited€before€being€sent€to€the€United€Nations€translation€services.Ð 8ˆ ÐÌ1/€€€This€measure€does€not€really€constitute€an€"arrest";€rather,€a€person€suspected€of€having€committed€aÐ ,| Ðcrime€is€"taken€by€force"€to€a€police€station€for€verification€of€identity,€which€can€involve€the€producing€ofÐ &v Ðan€identity€document,€the€suspect's€being€recognized€by€a€third€party€or€travel€to€a€place€where€the€identityÐ  p Ðdocument€or€the€third€party€can€be€found€(Code€of€Criminal€Procedure,€art.€250).Ð j ÐÌ2/€€€Portugal€will€provide€more€definite€information€to€the€Committee€during€the€year€it€has€for€providingÐ ^ Ðclarifications.Ð  X ÐÓhÓ