ÿWPC= mŠ½TJ{fßÞvíÛÞWWΚ±ô¼É<­Ç©Ý|ìp Xy».8¹K4zµÕÁW'äJÑÂÙ‚Ã`è Êî'Ý´Ç××£hÊÔ:*Žzw“&Áœõ”pªñ›CÃî¹ÞNqO”ïYÂMÃñ³fÁm~=à1)#ï•2ê¡í …ëÿ×Hóýkñ°‚àú–dWÌe0õIÕÙ:¬ºÞïþb`3ý.˜Â®¤ðÞ£ö–÷EäZgéU?ѵÂ[äökk¸paZΕá:Y°EÁ è¶ ¥|løCžÌKU›l“Z«Dz°§PУ›/thƒ;mø6 Â×Ó¢FÈ ï`r–"¸YrMVêö”dè5¤ÚB.Ô]ö©¢ŒwЗ`P+"6Z-‹.ùGÜXUpKk¨x$×ùÎzþA,Bcø”c¡m·²•†vpžoËqrWa¹"¸Èï„ òÖ¨oM¢hGÀ~rαü š¶Ç­Çåá£LiЦpƒ`·w=ô.¢kXÎdïhË0ì0— yy–/¸)¡¬3Ÿè6¡3|x ÿU‹ÿÀÀÀÝ ƒûœ!ÝÔUKUS.,ÔÝ  ÝÔ_Ôò òÔ‡¼b\»XXÔÓ  ÓQATARÔ#†X#€X»¼b\@#ÔÐ ° Ðó óÓ_ÓÌò òÓ  ÓÌÔCEUK.,ÔCRC€€CRC/C/111€(2001)ó óÐ œì ÐÌ264.€€€At€its€733rd€and€734th€meetings€(see€CRC/C/SR.733€and€734),€held€on€2€October€2001,€theÐ t Ä ÐCommittee€on€the€Rights€of€the€Child€considered€the€initial€report€of€Qatar€(CRC/C/51/Add.5),Ð ` ° Ðwhich€was€received€on€29€October€1999,€and€adopted,€at€the€749th€meeting€(CRC/C/SR.749)€heldÐ L œ Ðon€12€October€2001,€the€following€concluding€observations.€Ð 8 ˆ ÐÌA.€€òòIntroductionóóÐ `  ÐÌ265.€€€The€Committee€notes€that€the€initial€State€party€report€was€prepared€according€to€theÐ è8  ÐCommitteeððs€guidelines€for€reporting.€€It€notes€the€timely€submission€of€the€informative€writtenÐ Ô$  Ðanswers.€€The€Committee€further€notes€with€appreciation€the€presence€of€a€high„level€andÐ À  Ðcross-sectoral€delegation,€which€contributed€to€a€frank€and€open€dialogue€and€a€better€understandingÐ ¬ü  Ðof€the€process€of€implementation€of€the€Convention.Ð ˜è ÐÌB.€€òòPositive€aspectsóóÐ pÀ ÐÌ266.€€€The€Committee€welcomes€the€adoption€of€Law€No.€25€of€2001€concerning€free€andÐ H˜ Ðcompulsory€education€for€all€children€in€the€State€party.Ð 4„ ÐÌ267.€€€The€Committee€welcomes€the€establishment€of€the€Supreme€Council€of€Family€Affairs.Ð  \ ÐÌ268.€€€The€Committee€welcomes€the€establishment€of€the€national€programme€for€the€disseminationÐ ä4 Ðof€the€Convention.Ð Ð  ÐÌ269.€€€The€Committee€welcomes€new€initiatives€undertaken€by€the€State€party,€such€as€theÐ ¨ø Ðprogramme€to€develop€kindergartens,€and€the€launch€of€a€road€safety€campaign.Ð ”ä ÐÌ270.€€€The€Committee€welcomes€the€State€partyððs€ratification€of€the€ILO€Worst€Forms€of€ChildÐ l!¼ ÐLabour€Convention,€1999€(No.€182).Ð X"¨  ÐÌ271.€€€The€Committee€notes€with€appreciation€the€generous€financial€aid€given€to€developingÐ 0$€" Ðcountries.Ð %l # ÐÌC.€€òòFactors€and€difficulties€impeding€the€implementation€of€the€ConventionóóÐ ô&D"% ÐÌ272.€€€Noting€the€universal€values€of€equality€and€tolerance€inherent€in€Islam,€the€CommitteeÐ Ì($' Ðobserves€that€in€the€State€party€narrow€interpretations€of€Islamic€texts,€particularly€in€areas€relatingÐ ¸)%( Ðto€personal€status€law,€may€impede€the€enjoyment€of€some€human€rights€protected€under€theÐ ¤*ô%) ÐConvention.Ð +à&* ÐÌÐ h-¸(, ÐD.€€òòPrincipal€subjects€of€concern€and€recommendationsóóÐ ° ÐÌòòGeneral€measures€of€implementationóóÐ ˆØ ÐÌòòReservationóóÐ `° ÐÌ273.€€€The€Committee€welcomes€information€that€the€State€party€is€re„examining€its€reservation€toÐ 8 ˆ Ðthe€Convention€with€a€view€to€amending€or€withdrawing€it.€€The€Committee€is€concerned€that€theÐ $ t Ðbroad€and€imprecise€nature€of€the€State€partyððs€general€reservation€potentially€negates€many€of€theÐ  ` ÐConventions€provisions€and€raises€concern€as€to€its€compatibility€with€the€object€and€purpose€of€theÐ ü L  ÐConvention,€as€well€as€the€overall€implementation€of€the€Convention.Ð è 8  ÐÌ274.€€€The€Committee€encourages€the€State€party€to€expeditiously€complete€its€re-examination€of€itsÐ À  Ðreservation€with€a€view€to€narrowing€and€ultimately€withdrawing€it,€in€accordance€with€the€ViennaÐ ¬ü  ÐDeclaration€and€Plan€of€Action€of€the€World€Conference€on€Human€Rights€of€1993.Ð ˜è  ÐÌòòLegislationóóÐ pÀ ÐÌ275.€€€The€Committee€notes€the€draft€Childrenððs€Bill;€however,€it€is€concerned€that€several€rightsÐ H˜ Ðcontained€in€the€Convention€(such€as€non„discrimination,€article€2)€are€not€adequately€reflected€inÐ 4„ Ðdomestic€law.Ð  p ÐÌ276.€€€The€Committee€recommends€that€the€State€party:€€Ð øH ÐÌ(a)€Conduct€a€comprehensive€review€of€its€domestic€laws,€including€administrative€regulations€andÐ Ð  Ðlegal€procedural€rules,€to€ensure€that€they€conform€to€international€human€rights€standards,€includingÐ ¼  Ðthe€Convention;Ð ¨ø ÐÌ(b)€Ensure€the€speedy€promulgation€of€legislation€relating€to€child€rights€and€its€effectiveÐ €Ð Ðimplementation;€andÐ l¼ ÐÌÔ_Ôc)€EnsureÔ_Ô€that€laws€are€sufficiently€clear€and€precise,€are€published,€and€are€accessible€to€the€public.Ð D!” ÐÌòòCoordinationóóÐ #l! ÐÌ277.€€€The€Committee€notes€that€the€Supreme€Council€for€Family€Affairs€is€the€lead€body€in€QatarÐ ô$D # Ðentrusted€with€the€implementation€of€the€Convention,€which€it€endeavours€to€accomplish€throughÐ à%0!$ Ðits€various€voluntary€committees€(e.g.€the€Committee€on€Maternity€and€the€Child,€the€WomenððsÐ Ì&"% ÐAffairs€Committee,€etc.).€€However,€the€Committee€is€concerned€that€its€approach€to€the€ConventionÐ ¸'#& Ðis€not€sufficiently€rights€based,€and€therefore€the€effectiveness€of€these€committees€in€the€fullÐ ¤(ô#' Ðimplementation€of€the€Convention€is€limited.€€Moreover,€the€Committee€notes€that€Qatarððs€NationalÐ )à$( ÐReport€on€the€Follow„up€to€the€World€Summit€for€Children€indicated€that€over€bureaucratization€andÐ |*Ì%) Ða€poor€level€of€inter„organizational€communication€have€contributed€to€a€duplication€of€programmes,Ð h+¸&* Ðthe€wasting€of€resources,€and€an€inability€to€learn€from€the€experiences€gained€by€other€institutions.Ð T,¤'+ ÐÐ @-(, Ð278.€€€The€Committee€recommends€that€the€State€party:€€Ð ° ÐÌÔ_Ô(a)€EnsureÔ_Ô€that€the€preparation€and€implementation€of€its€next€10„year€national€strategy€and€nationalÐ ˆØ Ðplan€of€action€for€children,€including€the€implementation€of€the€Convention,€is€comprehensive,Ð tÄ Ðhuman€rights„based€and€undertaken€through€an€open,€consultative€and€participatory€process;€andÐ `° ÐÌÔ_Ô(b)€GiveÔ_Ô€greater€attention€to€Ô_ÔintersectoralÔ_Ô€coordination€and€cooperation€at€and€between€national€andÐ 8 ˆ Ðlocal€levels€of€government.Ð $ t ÐÌòòCooperation€with€civil€societyóóÐ ü L  ÐÌ279.€€€Noting€the€establishment€of€the€Committee€for€Coordination€between€Government€AgenciesÐ Ô$  Ðand€Non„Governmental€Associations,€the€Committee€is€concerned€that€insufficient€efforts€have€beenÐ À  Ðmade€to€involve€civil€society€in€the€implementation€of€the€Convention,€particularly€in€the€area€ofÐ ¬ü  Ðcivil€rights€and€freedoms.€Ð ˜è  ÐÌ280.€€The€Committee€recommends€that€the€State€party:€€Ð pÀ ÐÌÔ_Ô(a)€ConsiderÔ_Ô€a€systematic€approach€to€involving€civil€society,€especially€childrenððs€associations,Ð H˜ Ðthroughout€all€stages€of€the€implementation€of€the€Convention,€including€with€respect€to€civil€rightsÐ 4„ Ðand€freedoms;€and€Ð  p ÐÌÔ_Ô(b)€EnsureÔ_Ô€that€legislation€regulating€Ô_ÔNGOsÔ_Ô€conforms€to€article€15€of€the€Convention€and€otherÐ øH Ðinternational€standards€on€freedom€of€association,€as€a€step€in€facilitating€and€strengthening€theirÐ ä4 Ðparticipation.Ð Ð  ÐÌòòData€collectionóóÐ ¨ø ÐÌ281.€€€The€Committee€welcomes€information€that€the€Planning€Council€is€working€to€create€anÐ €Ð Ðintegrated€database€on€the€family.€Ð l¼ ÐÌ282.€€€The€Committee€encourages€the€State€party:€€Ð D!” ÐÌÔ_Ô(a)€ToÔ_Ô€continue€its€efforts€to€establish€a€system€such€that€Ô_ÔdisaggregatedÔ_Ô€data€are€collected€on€allÐ #l! Ðpersons€under€18€years€of€age€for€all€areas€covered€by€the€Convention,€including€the€most€vulnerableÐ $X" Ðgroups€(i.e.€non„nationals,€children€living€in€remote€areas,€children€with€disabilities,€children€ofÐ ô$D # Ðeconomically€disadvantaged€households,€etc.),€and€to€use€these€data€to€assess€progress€and€designÐ à%0!$ Ðpolicies€to€implement€the€Convention;€and€Ð Ì&"% ÐÌÔ_Ô(b)€ToÔ_Ô€seek€technical€assistance€from,€among€others,€UNICEF.Ð ¤(ô#' ÐÌòòMonitoring€structuresóóÐ |*Ì%) ÐÌ283.€€€The€Committee€notes€information€from€the€delegation€concerning€the€establishment€of€aÐ T,¤'+ Ðtelephone€ð ðsafety„lineðð€for€children.Ð @-(, Ї284.€€€The€Committee€encourages€the€State€party€to€develop€and€strengthen€this€service€for€childrenÐ ° Ðat€risk.Ð œì ÐÌ285.€€€The€Committee€is€concerned€at€the€absence€of€an€independent€mechanism€with€a€mandate€toÐ tÄ Ðmonitor€and€evaluate€regularly€progress€in€the€implementation€of€the€Convention€and€to€receive€andÐ `° Ðaddress€complaints.Ð L œ ÐÌ286.€€€The€Committee€recommends€that€the€State€party:€€Ð $ t ÐÌÔ_Ô(a)€EstablishÔ_Ô€an€independent€national€human€rights€institution€in€accordance€with€the€Paris€PrinciplesÐ ü L  Ðrelating€to€the€status€of€national€institutions€for€the€promotion€and€protection€of€human€rightsÐ è 8  Ð(General€Assembly€resolution€48/134)€to€monitor€and€evaluate€progress€in€the€implementation€of€theÐ Ô$  ÐConvention€at€the€national€and€local€levels.€€This€institution€should€be€accessible€to€children€andÐ À  Ðempowered€to€receive€and€investigate€complaints€of€violations€of€child€rights€in€a€child„sensitiveÐ ¬ü  Ðmanner€and€to€address€them€effectively;€andÐ ˜è  ÐÌÔ_Ô(b)€SeekÔ_Ô€technical€assistance€from,€among€others,€Ô_ÔOHCHRÔ_Ô€and€UNICEF.Ð pÀ ÐÌòòResource€allocationóóÐ H˜ ÐÌ287.€€€The€Committee€notes€significant€investment€in€and€increased€budgetary€allocation€for€health,Ð  p Ðeducation€and€other€parts€of€the€social€sector.Ð  \ ÐÌ288.€€€The€Committee€recommends€that€the€State€party:€€Ð ä4 ÐÌÔ_Ô(a)€ContinueÔ_Ô€and€strengthen€its€efforts€to€allocate€the€maximum€available€resources„€human€andÐ ¼  Ðfinancial„€to€health,€education,€culture€and€other€social€services;€Ð ¨ø ÐÌÔ_Ô(b)€UndertakeÔ_Ô€similar€efforts€to€ensure€full€implementation€of€the€Convention;€andÐ €Ð ÐÌÔ_Ô(c)€SystematicallyÔ_Ô€assess€the€impact€of€budgetary€allocations€on€the€implementation€of€child€rights.Ð X ¨ ÐÌòòTraining/dissemination€of€the€ConventionóóÐ 0"€  ÐÌ289.€€€The€Committee€welcomes€the€establishment€of€the€national€programme€for€the€disseminationÐ $X" Ðof€the€Convention.€€However,€it€is€concerned€that€awareness€of€the€Convention€amongstÐ ô$D # Ðprofessionals€working€with€and€for€children€and€the€general€public,€including€children€themselves,Ð à%0!$ Ðremains€low.€€The€Committee€is€concerned€that€the€State€party€is€not€undertaking€adequateÐ Ì&"% Ðdissemination,€awareness„raising€and€training€activities€in€a€systematic€and€targeted€manner.€€Ð ¸'#& ÐÌ290.€€€The€Committee€recommends€that€the€State€party:€€Ð )à$( ÐÌÔ_Ô(a)€Strengthen,Ô_Ô€expand€and€continue€its€programme€for€the€dissemination€of€information€on€theÐ h+¸&* ÐConvention€and€its€implementation€among€children€and€parents,€civil€society,€and€all€sectors€andÐ T,¤'+ Ðlevels€of€government,€including€initiatives€to€reach€those€vulnerable€groups€who€are€illiterate€orÐ @-(, ÐÔ_Ôwithout€formal€education;Ð ° ÐÌ(b)€Develop€systematic€and€ongoing€training€programmes€on€human€rights,€including€childrenððsÐ ˆØ Ðrights,€for€all€professional€groups€working€for€and€with€children€(e.g.judges,€lawyers,€lawÐ tÄ Ðenforcement€officials,€civil€servants,€local€government€officials,€personnel€working€in€institutionsÐ `° Ðand€places€of€detention€for€children,€teachers€and€health€personnel);€and€Ð L œ ÐÌ(c)€Seek€assistance€from,€among€others,€OHCHR€and€UNICEF.Ð $ t ÐÌ2.€€òòDefinition€of€the€childóóÐ ü L  ÐÌ291.€€€The€Committee€is€concerned€that€the€minimum€ages€for€marriage€and€employment€are€unclearÐ Ô$  Ðunder€Qatari€law.Ð À  ÐÌ292.€€€The€Committee€recommends€that€the€State€party€review€its€legislation€so€that€the€minimum„Ð ˜è  Ðage€requirements€for€marriage€and€employment€conform€to€the€principles€and€provisions€of€theÐ „Ô  ÐConvention,€are€gender€neutral€and€are€explicit,€and€ensure€that€they€are€enforced€by€law.Ð pÀ ÐÌ3.€€òòGeneral€principlesóóÐ H˜ ÐÌòòNon„discriminationóóÐ  p ÐÌ293.€€€Noting€the€significant€achievements€in€the€improvement€in€the€status€of€women€in€Qatar,€theÐ øH ÐCommittee€is€nevertheless€concerned€that€discrimination,€contrary€to€article€2€of€the€Convention,Ð ä4 Ðpersists€in€the€State€party.€€In€particular,€the€Committee€is€concerned€about€discrimination€againstÐ Ð  Ðfemales€and€children€born€out€of€wedlock€under€existing€personal€status€law€(e.g.€in€inheritance,Ð ¼  Ðcustody€and€guardianship).Ð ¨ø ÐÌ294.€€€In€accordance€with€article€2€of€the€Convention,€the€Committee€recommends€that€the€StateÐ €Ð Ðparty:Ð l¼ ÐÌ(a)€Take€effective€measures,€including€enacting€or€rescinding€legislation€where€necessary,€to€preventÐ D!” Ðand€eliminate€discrimination€on€grounds€of€sex€and€birth€in€all€fields€of€civil,€economic,€political,Ð 0"€  Ðsocial€and€cultural€life;Ð #l! ÐÌ(b)€Undertake€all€possible€measures€to€reconcile€fundamental€human€rights€with€Islamic€texts;€Ð ô$D # ÐÌ(c)€Take€all€appropriate€measures,€such€as€comprehensive€public€education€campaigns,€to€preventÐ Ì&"% Ðand€combat€negative€societal€attitudes€in€this€regard,€particularly€within€the€family;€and€Ð ¸'#& ÐÌ(d)€Train€members€of€the€legal€profession,€especially€the€judiciary,€to€be€gender-sensitive.€€ReligiousÐ )à$( Ðleaders€should€be€mobilized€to€support€such€efforts.Ð |*Ì%) ÐÌ295.€€€The€Committee€is€concerned€at€the€disparities€in€the€enjoyment€of€economic€and€social€rights,Ð T,¤'+ Ðparticularly€the€rights€to€health€and€education,€experienced€by€children€living€in€rural€areas€and€non„Ð @-(, Ðnational€children.Ð ° ÐÌ296.€€€The€Committee€recommends€that€the€State€party:€€Ð ˆØ ÐÌ(a)€Take€all€necessary€measures€to€ensure€that€all€children€within€its€jurisdiction€enjoy€all€the€rightsÐ `° Ðset€out€in€the€Convention€without€discrimination,€in€accordance€with€article€2;Ð L œ ÐÌ(b)€Continue€to€prioritize€and€target€resources€and€social€services€for€children€belonging€to€the€mostÐ $ t Ðvulnerable€groups;€andÐ  ` ÐÌ(c)€Consider€ratifying€the€International€Convention€on€the€Protection€of€the€Rights€of€All€MigrantÐ è 8  ÐWorkers€and€Members€of€Their€Families.€Ð Ô$  ÐÌ297.€€€The€Committee€requests€that€specific€information€be€included€in€the€next€periodic€report€onÐ ¬ü  Ðthe€measures€and€programmes€relevant€to€the€Convention€on€the€Rights€of€the€Child€undertaken€byÐ ˜è  Ðthe€State€party€to€follow€up€on€the€Declaration€and€Programme€of€Action€adopted€at€the€2001€WorldÐ „Ô  ÐConference€against€Racism,€Racial€Discrimination,€Xenophobia€and€Related€Intolerance,€and€takingÐ pÀ Ðaccount€of€the€Committeeððs€general€comment€No.€1€on€article€29(1)€of€the€Convention€on€the€aimsÐ \¬ Ðof€education.€€Ð H˜ ÐÌòòBest€interests€of€the€childóóÐ  p ÐÌ298.€€€The€Committee€is€concerned€that€in€actions€concerning€children,€such€as€in€matters€relatingÐ øH Ðto€family€law,€the€general€principle€of€the€best€interests€of€the€child€contained€in€article€3€of€theÐ ä4 ÐConvention€is€not€always€a€primary€consideration.€Ð Ð  ÐÌ299.€€€The€Committee€recommends€that€the€State€party€review€its€legislation€and€administrativeÐ ¨ø Ðmeasures€to€ensure€that€article€3€of€the€Convention€is€duly€reflected€therein€and€that€this€principleÐ ”ä Ðis€taken€into€account€when€administrative,€policy,€court€or€other€decisions€are€made.Ð €Ð ÐÌòòRight€to€lifeóóÐ X ¨ ÐÌ300.€€€The€Committee€is€seriously€concerned€that€under€the€1994€Juvenile€Act€there€is€a€possibilityÐ 0"€  Ðthat€the€death€penalty€or€life€imprisonment€may€be€imposed€for€offences€committed€by€persons€whenÐ #l! Ðthey€were€under€18€years€old,€contrary€to€articles€6€and€37(a)€of€the€Convention.Ð $X" ÐÌ301.€€€The€Committee€strongly€recommends€that€the€State€party€take€immediate€steps€to€ensure€thatÐ à%0!$ Ðthe€law€prohibits€the€imposition€of€the€death€penalty€or€life€imprisonment€for€crimes€committed€byÐ Ì&"% Ðpersons€under€18.Ð ¸'#& ÐÌòòRespect€for€the€views€of€the€childóóÐ )à$( ÐÌ302.€€€The€Committee€is€concerned€that€traditional€attitudes€towards€children€in€society€may€limitÐ h+¸&* Ðthe€respect€for€their€views,€especially€within€the€family€and€schools.€Ð T,¤'+ ÐÐ @-(, Ð303.€€€The€Committee€recommends€that€the€State€party:€€Ð ° ÐÌ(a)€Continue€to€promote€and€facilitate€within€the€family,€the€school,€institutions,€the€courts,€andÐ ˆØ Ðadministrative€bodies€respect€for€the€views€of€children€and€their€participation€in€all€matters€affectingÐ tÄ Ðthem,€in€accordance€with€article€12€of€the€Convention;€Ð `° ÐÌ(b)€Develop€skills„training€programmes€in€community€settings€for€parents,€teachers,€social€workersÐ 8 ˆ Ðand€local€officials€so€that€they€can€learn€how€to€help€children€to€express€their€informed€views€andÐ $ t Ðopinions€and€to€take€those€views€into€consideration;€andÐ  ` ÐÌ(c)€Seek€assistance€from,€among€others,€UNICEF.Ð è 8  ÐÌ4.€€òòCivil€rights€and€freedomsóóÐ À  ÐÌòòNationalityóóÐ ˜è  ÐÌ304.€€€The€Committee€is€concerned€that€the€1961€Nationality€Act€does€not€grant€citizenship€toÐ pÀ Ðchildren€of€Qatari€women€married€to€non„nationals,€as€it€does€where€the€father€is€Qatari.Ð \¬ ÐÌ305.€€€The€Committee€recommends€that€the€State€party€ensure€the€right€of€a€child€to€a€nationalityÐ 4„ Ðwithout€discrimination€on€the€basis€of€either€parentððs€sex,€in€accordance€with€articles2€and€7€of€theÐ  p ÐConvention.Ð  \ ÐÌòòProtection€from€torture€and€inhuman€or€degrading€treatment€or€punishmentóó€€Ð ä4 ÐÌ306.€€€The€Committee€is€seriously€concerned€that,€contrary€to€article€37€(a)€of€the€Convention,€underÐ ¼  Ðthe€1994€Juvenile€Act€there€is€a€possibility€that€persons€under€18€may€be€subject€to€judicial€sanctionsÐ ¨ø Ðsuch€as€flogging.€Ð ”ä ÐÌ307.€€€The€Committee€recommends€that€the€State€party€take€immediate€steps€to€ensure€that€the€lawÐ l¼ Ðprohibits€the€imposition€of€flogging€and€other€forms€of€cruel,€inhuman€or€degrading€treatment€orÐ X ¨ Ðpunishment€on€persons€who€may€have€committed€crimes€when€they€were€under€18.Ð D!” ÐÌ5.€€òòFamily€environment€and€alternative€careóóÐ #l! ÐÌòòViolence/abuse/neglect/maltreatmentóóÐ ô$D # ÐÌ308.€€€The€Committee€is€concerned€that€there€is€insufficient€information€about€and€awareness€of€theÐ Ì&"% Ðill-treatment€of€children€within€the€family€and€institutions.Ð ¸'#& ÐÌ309.€€€The€Committee€recommends€that€the€State€party:€€Ð )à$( ÐÌ(a)€Conduct€a€study€to€assess€the€nature€and€extent€of€ill„treatment€and€abuse€of€children,€and€designÐ h+¸&* Ðpolicies€and€programmes€to€address€it;Ð T,¤'+ ÐÐ @-(, Ð(b)€Take€legislative€measures€to€prohibit€all€forms€of€physical€and€mental€violence€against€children,Ð ° Ðincluding€corporal€punishment€and€sexual€abuse€in€the€family€and€in€institutions;Ð œì ÐÌ(c)€Carry€out€public€education€campaigns€about€the€negative€consequences€of€ill-treatment€ofÐ tÄ Ðchildren€and€promote€positive,€non„violent€forms€of€discipline€as€an€alternative€to€corporalÐ `° Ðpunishment;Ð L œ ÐÌ(d)€Establish€effective€procedures€and€mechanisms€to€receive,€monitor€and€investigate€complaints,Ð $ t Ðincluding€intervention€where€necessary;Ð  ` ÐÌ(e)€Investigate€and€prosecute€cases€of€ill-treatment,€ensuring€that€the€abused€child€is€not€victimizedÐ è 8  Ðin€legal€proceedings€and€that€his/her€privacy€is€protected;Ð Ô$  ÐÌ(f)€Provide€care,€recovery€and€reintegration€for€victims;Ð ¬ü  ÐÌ(g)€Train€teachers,€law€enforcement€officials,€care€workers,€judges€and€health€professionals€in€theÐ „Ô  Ðidentification,€reporting€and€management€of€ill„treatment€cases;€andÐ pÀ ÐÌ(h)€Seek€assistance€from,€among€others,€UNICEF€and€WHO.Ð H˜ ÐÌ6.€€òòBasic€health€and€welfareóóÐ  p ÐÌòòAdolescent€healthóóÐ øH ÐÌ310.€€€The€Committee€is€concerned€that€there€is€insufficient€information€available€in€relation€toÐ Ð  Ðadolescent€health€and€insufficient€access€by€adolescents€to€reproductive€and€mental€healthÐ ¼  Ðcounselling€services.Ð ¨ø ÐÌ311.€€€The€Committee€recommends€that€the€State€party:€€Ð €Ð ÐÌ(a)€Ensure€that€adolescents€have€access€to€and€are€provided€with€education€on€reproductive€healthÐ X ¨ Ðand€other€adolescent€health€issues,€as€well€as€with€child„sensitive€and€confidential€counsellingÐ D!” Ðservices;Ð 0"€  ÐÌ(b)€Strengthen€efforts€in€the€area€of€adolescent€health€education€within€the€educational€system;€andÐ $X" ÐÌ(c)€Seek€assistance€from,€among€others,€UNICEF€and€WHO.Ð à%0!$ ÐÌòòChildren€with€disabilitiesóóÐ ¸'#& ÐÌ312.€€€The€Committee€notes€the€establishment€of€the€National€Committee€for€Persons€with€SpecialÐ )à$( ÐNeeds€and€the€drafting€of€the€Persons€with€Special€Needs€Bill.€€It€further€notes€the€State€partyððsÐ |*Ì%) Ðefforts€at€awareness„raising€and€inclusion.€Ð h+¸&* ÐÌ313.€€€The€Committee€recommends€that€the€State€party:€€Ð @-(, Ї(a)€Review€existing€policies€and€practice€in€relation€to€children€with€disabilities,€including€draftÐ ° Ðlegislation,€taking€due€regard€of€the€Standard€Rules€on€the€Equalization€of€Opportunities€for€PersonsÐ œì Ðwith€Disabilities€(General€Assembly€resolution€48/96)€and€of€the€Committeeððs€recommendationsÐ ˆØ Ðadopted€at€its€day€of€general€discussion€on€ð ðChildren€with€Disabilitiesðð€(see€CRC/C/69);Ð tÄ ÐÌ(b)€Continue€to€involve€children€with€disabilities€and€their€families€in€the€development€of€surveysÐ L œ Ðand€policy€review;Ð 8 ˆ ÐÌ(c)€Undertake€greater€efforts€to€make€available€the€necessary€professional€and€financial€resources;Ð  ` ÐÌ(d)€Undertake€greater€efforts€to€promote€and€expand€community„based€rehabilitation€programmes,Ð è 8  Ðincluding€parent€support€groups,€and€inclusive€education€of€children€with€all€forms€of€disability;€andÐ Ô$  ÐÌ(e)€Seek€assistance€from,€among€others,€UNICEF€and€WHO.Ð ¬ü  ÐÌ7.€€òòEducation,€leisure€and€cultural€activitiesóóÐ „Ô  ÐÌòòEducationóóÐ \¬ ÐÌ314.€€€The€Committee€is€concerned€that€the€aims€of€education€presented€in€the€report€do€notÐ 4„ Ðadequately€reflect€the€aims€outlined€in€article€29€of€the€Convention,€in€particular€that:€€Ð  p ÐÌ(a)€The€system€of€public€education€continues€to€emphasize€rote€learning€rather€than€analytical€skillsÐ øH Ðdevelopment€and€is€not€child„centred;Ð ä4 ÐÌ(b)€The€choice€of€some€preparatory„€and€secondary„level€programmes€may€be€restricted€for€girls;€andÐ ¼  ÐÌ(c)€The€development€and€respect€for€human€rights,€tolerance€and€equality€of€the€sexes€and€religiousÐ ”ä Ðand€ethnic€minorities€are€not€explicitly€part€of€the€curricula.Ð €Ð ÐÌ315.€€€The€Committee€recommends€that€the€State€party,€taking€into€account€the€Committeeððs€generalÐ X ¨ Ðcomment€No.1€on€the€aims€of€education:€€Ð D!” ÐÌ(a)€Undertake€a€process€of€curriculum€and€teaching€methodology€reform„with€the€full€participationÐ #l! Ðof€children„€which€stresses€the€importance€of€critical€thinking€and€problem„solving€skillsÐ $X" Ðdevelopment;Ð ô$D # ÐÌ(b)€Direct€education€to€the€development€of€the€childððs€personality,€talents€and€mental€and€physicalÐ Ì&"% Ðabilities€to€their€fullest€potential;€Ð ¸'#& ÐÌ(c)€Include€in€the€curricula,€human€rights€education,€including€on€childrenððs€rights,€particularly€withÐ )à$( Ðrespect€to€the€development€and€respect€for€human€rights,€tolerance,€and€equality€of€the€sexes€andÐ |*Ì%) Ðreligious€and€ethnic€minorities;€andÐ h+¸&* ÐÔ_ÔÌÔ_Ô(d)€SeekÔ_Ô€assistance€from,€among€others,€UNICEF€and€UNESCO.Ð @-(, Ї316.€€€Noting€the€1993€Ministerial€Decree€which€bans€corporal€punishment€in€schools,€theÐ ° ÐCommittee€remains€concerned€that€this€issue€is€not€addressed€effectively.Ð œì ÐÌ317.€€€The€Committee€recommends€that€the€State€party€raise€awareness€of€the€negative€impact€ofÐ tÄ Ðcorporal€punishment€among€teachers€and€other€professionals€working€in€schools,€and€take€otherÐ `° Ðappropriate€measures€to€prevent€and€eliminate€it.Ð L œ ÐÌ8.€€òòSpecial€measures€of€protectionóóÐ $ t ÐÌòòEconomic€exploitationóóÐ ü L  ÐÌ318.€€€The€Committee€is€concerned€about€the€lack€of€information€on€child€labour€within€theÐ Ô$  Ðagricultural€and€domestic€service€sectors.Ð À  ÐÌ319.€€€The€Committee€recommends€that€the€State€party:€€Ð ˜è  ÐÌÔ_Ô(a)€UndertakeÔ_Ô€a€national€survey€on€the€causes,€extent€and€impact€of€child€labour;Ð pÀ ÐÌÔ_Ô(b)€ImplementÔ_Ô€the€ILO€Minimum€Age€Recommendation,€1973€(No.€146)and€theWorst€Forms€ofÐ H˜ ÐChild€Labour€Recommendation,€1999€(No.€190);Ð 4„ ÐÌÔ_Ô(c)€RatifyÔ_Ô€the€ILO€Minimum€Age€Convention,€1973€(No.€Ô_Ô138)Ô_ÔÔ_Ô;Ô_Ô€and€Ð  \ ÐÌÔ_Ô(d)€SeekÔ_Ô€assistance€from,€among€others,€ILO.€Ð ä4 ÐÌòòCamel€racingóóÐ ¼  ÐÌ320.€€€The€Committee€is€seriously€concerned€at€the€hazardous€situation€of€children€involved€in€camelÐ ”ä Ðracing.€€In€particular,€it€is€concerned€that€sometimes€very€young€children€are€involved;€are€trafficked,Ð €Ð Ðparticularly€from€Africa€(i.e.€the€Sudan)€and€South€Asia;€and€are€denied€education€and€health€care;Ð l¼ Ðand€that€such€involvement€produces€serious€injuries,€even€fatalities.€€It€concurs€with€the€ILOÐ X ¨ ÐCommittee€of€Experts€on€the€Application€of€Conventions€and€Recommendations€which€hasÐ D!” Ðpreviously€indicated€that€the€employment€of€children€as€camel€jockeys€constitutes€dangerous€workÐ 0"€  Ðunder€article€3(1)€of€ILO€Convention€No.€138.Ð #l! ÐÌ321.€€€The€Committee€recommends€that€the€State€party€in€accordance€with€article€32€of€theÐ ô$D # ÐConvention€and€the€ILO€Worst€Forms€of€Child€Labour€Convention,€1999€(No.€182),€which€the€StateÐ à%0!$ Ðparty€has€ratified:€Ð Ì&"% ÐÌÔ_Ô(a)€TakeÔ_Ô€immediate€and€effective€steps€to€ensure€the€implementation€of€article€32€of€the€ConventionÐ ¤(ô#' Ðand€ILO€Convention€No.€182,€taking€into€account€ILO€Recommendation€No.€190;Ð )à$( ÐÌÔ_Ô(b)€ImplementÔ_Ô„€in€compliance€with€all€international€labour€standards„€the€recommendations€of€theÐ h+¸&* ÐÔ_ÔCommittee€established€by€the€Supreme€Council€of€Family€Affairs€to€examine€the€issue€of€childrenÐ T,¤'+ Ðin€camel€racing;Ð @-(, Ї(c)€Continue€to€strengthen€its€efforts€to€undertake€a€regional€initiative€in€this€regard,€includingÐ ° Ðbilateral€and€multilateral€cooperation;€and€Ð œì ÐÌ(d)€Seek€assistance€from€ILO.Ð tÄ ÐÌòòAdministration€of€juvenile€justiceóóÐ L œ ÐÌ322.€€€The€Committee€is€concerned€that€persons€under€18€may€be€prosecuted€for€crimes€in€the€sameÐ $ t Ðmanner€as€adults€(i.e.€without€special€procedures),€and€be€subject€to€the€same€penalties€as€adults.€Ð  ` ÐMoreover,€the€Committee€is€concerned€at€the€criminalization€of€status€offences.€Ð ü L  ÐÌ323.€€€The€Committee€recommends€that€the€State€party:€€Ð Ô$  ÐÌ(a)€Establish€a€minimum€age€of€criminal€responsibility€that€is€in€accordance€with€the€principles€andÐ ¬ü  Ðprovisions€of€the€Convention;Ð ˜è  ÐÌ(b)€Ensure€that€its€legislation€and€practice€concerning€juvenile€justice€fully€reflect€the€provisions€ofÐ pÀ Ðthe€Convention,€in€particular€articles€37,€40€and€39,€as€well€as€other€relevant€international€standardsÐ \¬ Ðin€this€area,€such€as€the€Beijing€Rules,€the€Riyadh€Guidelines,€the€United€Nations€Rules€for€theÐ H˜ ÐProtection€of€Juveniles€Deprived€of€their€Liberty,€and€the€Vienna€Guidelines€for€Action€on€ChildrenÐ 4„ Ðin€the€Criminal€Justice€System;Ð  p ÐÌ(c)€Expedite€the€promulgation€of€the€draft€juvenile€justice€law,€ensuring€that€it€is€applicable€to€allÐ øH Ðpersons€under€18€and€that€adequate€resources€are€allocated€for€its€effective€implementation;Ð ä4 ÐÌ(d)€Ensure€that€the€deprivation€of€liberty€is€only€used€as€a€measure€of€last€resort,€for€the€shortestÐ ¼  Ðpossible€time,€is€authorized€by€a€court,€and€that€persons€under€18€are€not€detained€with€adults;Ð ¨ø ÐÌ(e)€Ensure€that€children€have€access€to€legal€aid€and€independent€and€effective€complaintsÐ €Ð Ðmechanisms;€Ð l¼ ÐÌ(f)€Consider€alternative€measures€to€deprivation€of€liberty,€such€as€probation,€community€service€orÐ D!” Ðsuspended€sentences;Ð 0"€  ÐÌ(g)€Train€professionals€in€the€area€of€rehabilitation€and€social€reintegration€of€children;€andÐ $X" ÐÌ(h)€SeekÔ_Ô€assistance€from,€among€others,€Ô_ÔOHCHRÔ_Ô,€the€Centre€for€International€Crime€Prevention,€theÐ à%0!$ ÐInternational€Network€on€Juvenile€Justice€and€UNICEF,€through€the€Coordination€Panel€onÐ Ì&"% ÐTechnical€Advice€and€Assistance€on€Juvenile€Justice.Ð ¸'#& ÐÌ9.€€òòOptional€Protocolsóó€Ð )à$( ÐÌ324.€€€The€Committee€encourages€the€State€party€to€ratify€the€Optional€Protocols€to€the€ConventionÐ h+¸&* Ðon€the€Rights€of€the€Child€on€the€sale€of€children,€child€prostitution€and€child€pornography,€and€onÐ T,¤'+ Ðthe€involvement€of€children€in€armed€conflict.Ð @-(, Ї10.€€òòDissemination€of€documentsóóÐ ° ÐÌ325.€€€Finally,€the€Committee€recommends€that€in€accordance€with€article€44,€paragraph6,€of€theÐ ˆØ ÐConvention,€the€initial€report€presented€by€the€State€party€be€made€widely€available€to€the€public€atÐ tÄ Ðlarge€and€that€consideration€be€given€to€the€publication€of€the€report€along€with€the€written€answersÐ `° Ðto€the€list€of€issues€raised€by€the€Committee,€the€relevant€summary€records€of€the€discussion€and€theÐ L œ Ðconcluding€observations€adopted€by€the€Committee€following€its€consideration€of€the€report.€€SuchÐ 8 ˆ Ða€document€should€be€widely€distributed€in€order€to€generate€debate€and€awareness€of€theÐ $ t ÐConvention€and€its€implementation€and€monitoring€within€the€Government,€the€parliament€and€theÐ  ` Ðgeneral€public,€including€concerned€non-governmental€organizations.€Ð ü L  ÐÔUK.,CE.,ÌÔÓ¿Óò òó ó