ÿWPCE õ†5¥ ŽÆ(6Ä©,Äý;[ÖÚV4EÜ$ó“?è!ʼnðïÝÆ}Lïüb–"3žž2GX.$…ÜuÑ—– ôú"pB:Y! U5Æèµ(Ñê«¶ p= V°Piꛡ`{pp°V¸{ó²—ñx2\Öd 16bÂî¹¼ö¢ÎþPpÌm”™—𹆽~­@Jo&[,N¥´Æ4¿ÝP¸µÑÛaOÏæOs‡&dnj*FƒÀæ‡ø|^.oÛC¦}í¨Ø¸Cn”vÚ»8ûªOIB6jJU(´(–'ÿsG;îñi6öKìí`l.Ë"ÿt³ùv]" "lh À‘V?Òe ¥xÊD:dÍ)ƒP2¼Ý† £°{¤Z,?à´Êøà<çVÒXÝÎw3íâKgUèþ¿ÛÐ@`´(Yÿð\%<@öçÇÜ+žÊ;ÂKåßë\ߊ<¿½Y®K¼nC'ž¡gd¯´ŒAfY‹HˆËžÞ,á§.ºö(‰‰Í¼ˆ'TÛ™vJÔýxŽÖÒ()Ÿ#T @aŸÐÌš£|‡É_û®?5©‹¹qú¦;c•¾ÇÈëi þÔmÍÇ ézkHœkQ4ÛàKË #Á¨UNi %· 0:½^ ÷w4* m,NC˜HP LaserJet 6P/6MP - StandardÈÐððÈÐ0(@øÐ Z‹6Times New Roman RegularX(ûœ$¡¡ÔUKUS.,Ô½‘0. Dˆ”- FilP*)3|x ÿU‹ÿÀÀÀÝ ƒûœ!ÝÔUKUS.,ÔÝ  ÝÔ_Ôò òÔ‡¼Q#»XXÔÔUSUK.,ÔÓ  ÓÑ8€WDXXdðdÈ8ÑRUSSIAN€FEDERATIONÔ#†XWDX»¼Q#@#Ôó óÐ ° ÐÓqÓÓÓÌò òÔ_ÔCCPRÔ_ÔÐ ¸ Ðó óÔUK.,US.,_ÔÌò òòòRESERVATIONS€AND€DECLARATIONSóóó óÐ ˜è Ðòò(Unless€otherwise€indicated,€the€reservations€and€declarations€were€made€upon€ratification,Ð ˆ Ø Ðaccession€or€succession)óóÔUSUK.,ÔÐ x È ÐÌDeclaration€made€upon€signature€and€confirmed€upon€ratification:Ð X ¨ ÐÌThe€Union€of€Soviet€Socialist€Republics€declares€that€the€provisions€of€paragraph€1€of€article€26€ofÐ 8ˆ  Ðthe€International€Covenant€on€Economic,€Social€and€Cultural€Rights€and€of€paragraph€1€of€articleÐ (x  Ð48€of€the€International€Covenant€on€Civil€and€Political€Rights,€under€which€a€number€of€StatesÐ h  Ðcannot€become€parties€to€these€Covenants,€are€of€a€discriminatory€nature€and€considers€that€theÐ X  ÐCovenants,€in€accordance€with€the€principle€of€sovereign€equality€of€States,€should€be€open€forÐ øH  Ðparticipation€by€all€States€concerned€without€any€discrimination€or€limitation.Ð è8 ÐÌÌò òòòOBJECTIONS€MADE€TO€OTHER€STATES€PARTIES€RESERVATIONS€ANDÐ ¸ ÐDECLARATIONSó óóóÔUK.,US.,IÔÔUSUK.,ÔÐ ¨ø ÐÌÔUK.,US.,õÔÔUSUK.,ÔÔUK.,US.,7ÔòòÔUSUK.,ÔòòóóÔUK.,US.,fÔNoteóóÐ ˆØ ÐÌThe€signature€was€effected€by€Democratic€Kampuchea.€In€this€regard€the€Secretary-General€received,Ð h¸ Ðon€5€November€1980,€the€following€communication€from€the€Government€of€Mongolia:Ð X¨ ÐÌ"The€Government€of€the€Mongolian€People's€Republic€considers€that€only€the€People'sÐ 8ˆ ÐRevolutionary€Council€of€Kampuchea€as€the€sole€authentic€and€lawful€representative€of€theÐ (x ÐKampuchean€people€has€the€right€to€assume€international€obligations€on€behalf€of€the€KampucheanÐ h Ðpeople.€€Therefore€the€Government€of€the€Mongolian€People's€Republic€considers€that€the€signatureÐ  X Ðof€the€Human€Rights€Covenants€by€the€representative€of€the€so-called€Democratic€Kampuchea,€aÐ ø H ÐÔ_ÔrgimeÔ_Ô€that€ceased€to€exist€as€a€result€of€the€people's€revolution€in€Kampuchea,€is€null€and€void.ððÐ è!8 ÐÌð ðThe€signing€of€the€Human€Rights€Covenants€by€an€individual,€whose€Ô_ÔrgimeÔ_Ô€during€its€short€periodÐ È#! Ðof€reign€in€Kampuchea€had€exterminated€about€3€million€people€and€had€thus€grossly€violated€theÐ ¸$ " Ðelementary€norms€of€human€rights,€each€and€every€provision€of€the€Human€Rights€Covenants€is€aÐ ¨%ø # Ðregrettable€precedence,€which€discredits€the€noble€aims€and€lofty€principles€of€the€United€NationsÐ ˜&è!$ ÐCharter,€the€very€spirit€of€the€above-mentioned€Covenants,€gravely€impairs€the€prestige€of€the€UnitedÐ ˆ'Ø"% ÐNations."Ð x(È#& ÐÌThereafter,€similar€communications€were€received€from€the€Government€of€the€following€States€onÐ X*¨%( Ðthe€dates€indicated€and€their€texts€were€circulated€as€depositary€notifications€or,€at€the€request€of€theÐ H+˜&) ÐStates€concerned,€as€official€documents€of€the€General€Assembly€(A/33/781€and€A/35/784):ÔUSUK.,ÔÐ 8,ˆ'* ÐÓÓÓ  ÓÌÓoÓÌòòStateà0  àà0` (#(#àà0¸ ` (#` (#àà0¸ (#¸ (#àà h à€Date€of€receipt€óóÐà(#(# ÐÌGerman€Democratic€Republic€à0 h à11€Dec€1980€ÔUK.,US.,8ÔÔUSUK.,ÔÐpÀh(#h(# ÐÌPoland€€à0 ` àà0¸ ` (#` (#àà0¸ (#¸ (#àà0h(#(#à12€Dec€1980€ÔUK.,US.,jÔÔUSUK.,ÔÐP  h(#h(# ÐÌUkraine€à0 ` àà0¸ ` (#` (#àà0¸ (#¸ (#àà0h(#(#à16€Dec€1980€ÔUK.,US.,ÔÔUSUK.,ÔÐ0 €h(#h(# ÐÌHungary€à0 ` àà0¸ ` (#` (#àà0¸ (#¸ (#àà0h(#(#à19€Jan€1981€ÔUK.,US.,ºÔÔUSUK.,ÔÐ` h(#h(# ÐÌBulgariaà0 ` àà0¸ ` (#` (#àà0¸ (#¸ (#àà0h(#(#à29€Jan€1981€ÔUK.,US.,bÔÔUSUK.,ÔÐð@ h(#h(# ÐÌBelarusà0 ` àà0¸ ` (#` (#àà0¸ (#¸ (#àà0h(#(#à18€Feb€1981€ÔUK.,US., ÔÔUSUK.,ÔÐÐ h(#h(# ÐûÿÿdûÌüÿÿdüûÿÿÿdûRussian€Federationà0 ¸ àà0¸ (#¸ (#àà0h(#(#àÔUK.,US.,±ÔÔUSUK.,Ô18€Feb€1981€üÿÿÿdüÔUK.,US.,UÔÔUSUK.,Ôаh(#h(# ÐÌCzechoslovakiaÔUK.,US.,“ÔÔUSUK.,Ôà0 ¸ àà0¸ (#¸ (#àà0h(#(#à10€Mar€1981]€ÔUK.,US.,íÔòòÐàh(#h(# ÐÔUSUK.,Ô(Note€2,€Chapter€IV.4,€Multilateralóó€òòÔUK.,US.,|ÔTreaties€Deposited€with€the€Secretary„General)Ð €Ð ÐóóÔUSUK.,ÔòòòòóóóóÔUK.,US.,ÔÌÓ  Ó*****Ð `° ÐÓQÓÔUSUK.,ÔÓÓÌòòÓ™ÓÓ  ÓNoteóóÐ @ ÐÌòòÔUK.,US.,‡Ô[The€Covenant€was]óó€[Ô_Ôs]ignedÔ_Ô€on€behalf€of€the€Republic€of€China€on€5€October€1967.€€See€note€1Ð  p Ðunder€"China"€in€the€"Historical€Information"€section€in€the€front€matter€of€ÔUSUK.,Ô€òò[the€electronic€versionÐ ` Ðon€the€website€of€the€òòMultilateral€Treaties€Deposited€with€the€Secretary„Generalóó;Ð P ÐÔUK.,US.,åÔhttp://Ô_Ôuntreaty.un.orgÔ_Ô/ENGLISH/bible/€Ô_ÔenglishinternetbibleÔ_Ô/Ô_Ôhistoricalinfo.aspÔ_ÔÔUSUK.,Ô].€ÔUK.,US.,ZÔÔUSUK.,ÔóóÐ ð@ ÐÌòò[Ed.€note:€note€1€under€China€is€as€follows:óóÐ Ð  ÐÌòòChinaÐ °"  ÐÌNote€1óóÐ $à" ÐÔUK.,US.,‰ÔÔUSUK.,ÔÌòòòòSignatures,€ratifications,€accessions,€etc.€on€behalf€of€China.óóÐ p&À!$ ÐÌChina€is€an€original€Member€of€the€United€Nations,€the€Charter€having€been€signed€and€ratified€onÐ P( #& Ðits€behalf,€on€26€June€and€28€September€1945,€respectively,€by€the€Government€of€the€Republic€ofÐ @)$' ÐChina,€which€continued€to€represent€China€in€the€United€Nations€until€25€October€1971.Ð 0*€%( ÐÌOn€25€October€1971,€the€General€Assembly€of€the€United€Nations€adopted€its€resolution€2758Ð ,`'* ÐÔ_Ô(XXVI),€reading€as€follows:Ð ° ÐÌ"òòThe€General€Assembly.óóÐ à ÐÌòòRecallingóó€the€principles€of€the€Charter€of€the€United€Nations,€Ð pÀ ÐÌòòConsideringóó€that€the€restoration€of€the€lawful€rights€of€the€Peopleððs€Republic€of€China€is€essentialÐ P   Ðboth€for€the€protection€of€the€Charter€of€the€United€Nations€and€for€the€cause€that€the€UnitedÐ @  ÐNations€must€serve€under€the€Charter,Ð 0 € ÐÌòòRecognizingóó€that€the€representatives€of€the€Government€of€the€Peopleððs€Republic€of€China€are€theÐ `  Ðonly€lawful€representatives€of€China€to€the€United€Nations€and€that€the€Peopleððs€Republic€of€ChinaÐ P  Ðis€one€of€the€five€permanent€members€of€the€Security€Council,Ð ð@  ÐÌòòDecidesóó€to€restore€all€its€rights€to€the€Peopleððs€Republic€of€China€and€to€recognize€theÐ Ð  Ðrepresentatives€of€its€Government€as€the€only€legitimate€representatives€of€China€to€the€UnitedÐ À ÐNations,€and€to€expel€forthwith€the€representatives€of€Chiang€Kai„shek€from€the€place€which€theyÐ ° Ðunlawfully€occupy€at€the€United€Nations€and€in€all€the€organizations€related€to€it."Ð  ð ÐÌThe€United€Nations€had€been€notified€on€18€November€1949€of€the€formation,€on€1€October€1949,Ð €Ð Ðof€the€Central€Peopleððs€Government€of€the€Peopleððs€Republic€of€China.€Proposals€to€effect€a€changeÐ pÀ Ðin€the€representation€of€China€in€the€United€Nations€subsequent€to€that€time€were€not€approved€untilÐ `° Ðthe€resolution€quoted€above€was€adopted.Ð P  ÐÌOn€29€September€1972,€a€communication€was€received€by€the€Secretary„General€from€the€MinisterÐ 0€ Ðfor€Foreign€Affairs€of€the€Peopleððs€Republic€of€China€stating:Ð  p ÐÌ"1.€With€regard€to€the€multilateral€treaties€signed,€ratified€or€acceded€to€by€the€defunct€ChineseÐ P Ðgovernment€before€the€establishment€of€the€Government€of€the€Peopleððs€Republic€of€China,€myÐ ð@ ÐGovernment€will€examine€their€contents€before€making€a€decision€in€the€light€of€the€circumstancesÐ à0 Ðas€to€whether€or€not€they€should€be€recognized.Ð Ð  ÐÌ2.€As€from€October€1,€1949,€the€day€of€the€founding€of€the€Peopleððs€Republic€of€China,€the€ChiangÐ °"  ÐKai„shek€clique€has€no€right€at€all€to€represent€China.€Its€signature€and€ratification€of,€or€accessionÐ  #ð! Ðto,€any€multilateral€treaties€by€usurping€the€name€of€ððChinaðð€are€all€illegal€and€null€and€void.€MyÐ $à" ÐGovernment€will€study€these€multilateral€treaties€before€making€a€decision€in€the€light€of€theÐ €%Ð # Ðcircumstances€as€to€whether€or€not€they€should€be€acceded€to."Ð p&À!$ ÐÌAll€entries€recorded€throughout€this€publication€in€respect€of€China€refer€to€actions€taken€by€theÐ P( #& Ðauthorities€representing€China€in€the€United€Nations€at€the€time€of€those€actions.]óóÐ @)$' ÐÔUK.,US.,RÔÌWith€reference€to€the€above-mentioned€signature,€communications€have€been€addressed€to€theÐ  +p&) ÐSecretary-General€by€the€Permanent€Representatives€of€Permanent€Missions€to€the€United€Ô_ÔNationsÐ ,`'* Ðof€Bulgaria,€Byelorussian€SSR,€Czechoslovakia,€Mongolia,€Romania,€the€Ukrainian€SSR,€the€UnionÐ ° Ðof€Soviet€Socialist€Republics€and€Yugoslavia,€stating€that€their€Governments€did€not€recognize€theÐ  ð Ðsaid€signature€as€valid€since€the€only€Government€authorized€to€represent€China€and€to€assumeÐ à Ðobligations€on€its€behalf€was€the€Government€of€the€People's€Republic€of€China.Ð €Ð ÐÌIn€letters€addressed€to€the€Secretary-General€in€regard€to€the€above-mentioned€communications,€theÐ ` ° ÐPermanent€Representative€of€China€to€the€United€Nations€stated€that€the€Republic€of€China,€aÐ P   Ðsovereign€State€and€Member€of€the€United€Nations,€had€attended€the€twenty-first€regular€session€ofÐ @  Ðthe€General€Assembly€of€the€United€Nations€and€contributed€to€the€formulation€of,€and€signed€theÐ 0 € ÐCovenants€and€the€Optional€Protocol€concerned,€and€that€"any€statements€or€reservations€relatingÐ  p  Ðto€the€above-mentioned€Covenants€and€Optional€Protocol€that€are€incompatible€with€or€derogatoryÐ `  Ðto€the€legitimate€position€of€the€Government€of€the€Republic€of€China€shall€in€no€way€affect€theÐ P  Ðrights€and€obligations€of€the€Republic€of€China€under€these€Covenants€and€Optional€Protocol".ÔUSUK.,ÔÐ ð@  ÐòòÔUK.,US.,(.Ô(Note€4,€Chapter€IV.4,€Multilateralóó€òòTreaties€Deposited€with€the€Secretary„General)óóÔUSUK.,ÔÐ à0  ÐÓ½ÓÔUK.,US.,Ç.ÔÔUSUK.,ÔÌÓ  Ó*****Ð À ÐÓ+/ÓÌòòNoteóóÐ  ð ÐÓ  ÓÌÔUK.,US.,/ÔÔUSUK.,ÔÔUK.,US.,¨/ÔSee€€note€1€under€"Germany"€regarding€Berlin€(West)€in€the€"Historical€Information"€section€in€theÐ €Ð Ðfront€matter€of€ÔUSUK.,Ô€òòÔUK.,US.,[0Ô[the€electronic€version€on€the€website€of€the€òòMultilateral€Treaties€Deposited€with€theÐ pÀ ÐSecretary„Generalóó;€ÔUSUK.,Ôhttp://Ô_Ôuntreaty.un.orgÔ_Ô/ENGLISH/bible/€Ô_ÔenglishinternetbibleÔ_Ô/Ô_Ôhistoricalinfo.aspÔ_ÔÔUK.,US.,1Ô.óóÔUSUK.,ÔÐ `° ÐòòFor€text€in€Ô_ÔBayefsky.comÔ_Ô,€see€Germany,€Ô_ÔCCPRÔ_Ô,€Reservations€and€Declarations,€note€9].óóÔUK.,US.,ì1ÔÔUSUK.,ÔÐ P  ÐòòÔUK.,US.,Ç2Ô(Note€9,€Chapter€IV.4,€Multilateral€Treaties€Deposited€with€the€Secretary„General)óóÔUSUK.,ÔÐ @ ÐÔUK.,US.,`3ÔÌÔUSUK.,ÔÌò òòòDECLARATION€RE:€ARTICLE€41óóó óÐ ` ÐÌ1€October€1991Ð ð@ ÐÌThe€Union€of€Soviet€Socialist€Republics€declares€that,€pursuant€to€article€41€of€the€InternationalÐ Ð  ÐCovenant€on€Civil€and€Political€Rights,€it€recognizes€the€competence€of€the€Human€RightsÐ À! ÐCommittee€to€receive€and€consider€communications€submitted€by€another€State€Party,€in€respect€ofÐ °"  Ðsituations€and€events€occurring€after€the€adoption€of€the€present€declaration,€provided€that€the€StateÐ  #ð! ÐParty€in€question€has,€not€less€than€12€months€prior€to€the€submission€by€it€of€such€a€communication,Ð $à" Ðrecognized€in€regard€to€itself€the€competence€of€the€Committee,€established€in€article€41,€in€so€farÐ €%Ð # Ðas€obligations€have€been€assumed€under€the€Covenant€by€the€USSR€and€by€the€State€concerned.Ð p&À!$ ÐÌÔUK.,US.,¢3ÔÔUSUK.,ÔÌÌÌÌÐ ,`'* Їò òòòDEROGATIONS:€NOTIFICATIONS€UNDER€ARTICLE€4€(3)€OF€THE€COVENANTó óóóÐ ° ÐÌ18€October€1988Ð à Ð(Dated€13€October€1988)Ð €Ð ÐÌ[Owing€to]€nationalistic€clashes€in€the€Soviet€Union€in€the€Nagorno-Ô_ÔKarabachÔ_Ô€Autonomous€RegionÐ ` ° Ðand€the€Ô_ÔAgdamÔ_Ô€district€of€the€Ô_ÔAzerbaydzhanÔ_Ô€Soviet€Socialist€Republic€[and€to]€Ô_ÔcontraventionsÔ_Ô€ofÐ P   Ðpublic€order,€accompanied€in€a€number€of€cases€by€the€use€of€weapons,€[which]€have€unfortunatelyÐ @  Ðresulted€in€casualties€and€damage€to€the€property€of€the€State€and€of€private€individuals€[and€owingÐ 0 € Ðto€the€attack€of]€some€State€institutions€...€a€state€of€emergency€has€been€temporarily€imposed,€andÐ  p  Ða€curfew€is€in€effect,€in€the€Nagorno-Ô_ÔKarabachÔ_Ô€Autonomous€Region€and€the€Ô_ÔAgdamÔ_Ô€district€of€theÐ `  ÐÔ_ÔAzerbaydzhanÔ_Ô€SSR,€as€of€21€September€1988.€The€state€of€emergency€has€been€imposed€in€orderÐ P  Ðto€restore€public€order,€protect€citizens'€individual€and€property€rights€and€enforce€strict€complianceÐ ð@  Ðwith€the€law,€in€accordance€with€the€powers€conferred€by€the€Presidium€of€the€Supreme€Soviet€ofÐ à0  Ðthe€USSR.Ð Ð  ÐÌWhile€the€state€of€emergency€is€in€force,€demonstrations,€rallies,€meetings€and€strikes€are€banned.Ð ° ÐThe€movements€of€civilians€and€vehicles€are€restricted€between€9€p.m.€and€6€a.m.€These€restrictionsÐ  ð Ðrepresent€a€partial€departure€from€the€provisions€of€articles€12€and€21€of€the€International€CovenantÐ à Ðon€Civil€and€Political€Rights.€Steps€to€ensure€the€safety€of€civilians€and€maintain€public€order€areÐ €Ð Ðbeing€taken€by€units€of€the€militia€and€the€armed€forces.€The€local€and€central€organs€of€power€andÐ pÀ Ðgovernment€are€taking€steps€to€normalize€the€situation;€and€elucidation€effort€is€in€progress,€with€theÐ `° Ðaim€of€preventing€criminal€acts€and€incitement€to€national€hatred.Ð P  ÐÌFurther€[information€will€be€provided€as€concerns]€the€date€on€which€the€state€of€emergency€is€liftedÐ 0€ Ðafter€the€normalization€of€the€situation.Ð  p ÐÌÓ/ÓÓ  Ó*****Ð P ÐÓ\AÓÓ.ÓÌ17€January€1990Ð à0 Ð(Dated€15€January€1990)Ð Ð  ÐÌProclamation€of€the€state€of€emergency€as€from€11€p.m.€local€time€on€15€January€1990,€in€territoryÐ °"  Ðof€the€Nagorno-Ô_ÔKarabachÔ_Ô€autonomous€region,€the€regions€of€the€Azerbaijan€SSR€adjacent€thereto,Ð  #ð! Ðthe€Ô_ÔGorissaÔ_Ô€region€of€the€Armenian€SSR€and€the€border€zone€along€the€state€frontier€between€theÐ $à" ÐUSSR€and€the€territory€of€the€Azerbaijan€SSR.€The€state€of€emergency€was€proclaimed€owing€toÐ €%Ð # Ðincitement€by€extremist€groups€which€are€organizing€disorders,€stirring€up€dissension€and€hostilityÐ p&À!$ Ðbetween€nationalities,€and€do€not€hesitate€to€mine€roads,€open€fire€in€inhabited€areas€and€takeÐ `'°"% Ðhostages.€Articles€9,€12,€19,€21€and€22€of€the€Covenant€were€accordingly€suspended.Ð P( #& ÐÌÓ’AÓÓ  Ó*****Ð 0*€%( ÐÓhEÓÓgÓÌÔ_Ô25€January€1990Ð ,`'* Ð(Dated€29€January€1990)Ð ° ÐÌProclamation€of€the€state€of€emergency,€as€from€20€January€in€the€city€of€Baku€and€application€toÐ à Ðthat€territory€of€the€Decree€adopted€by€the€Presidium€of€the€Supreme€Soviet€of€the€USSR€on€15Ð €Ð ÐJanuary€1990,€in€the€light€of€massive€disorders€organized€by€criminal€extremist€forces€to€overthrowÐ pÀ Ðthe€Government,€and€also€with€a€view€to€ensure€the€protection€and€security€of€citizens.€Articles€9,Ð ` ° Ð12,€19,€21€and€22€of€the€Covenant€are€accordingly€suspended.Ð P   ÐÌÓžEÓÓ  Ó*****Ð 0 € ÐÓJHÓÓkÓÌ26€March€1990Ð `  Ð(Dated€23€March€1990)Ð P  ÐÌEstablishment€of€the€state€of€emergency€as€from€12€February€1990€in€Dushanbe€(Tadzhik€SSR)Ð à0  Ðbecause€of€widespread€disorders,€arson€and€other€criminal€acts€which€resulted€in€a€threat€to€theÐ Ð  Ðcitizens.€Articles€9,€12€and€21€of€the€Covenant€were€accordingly€suspended.Ð À ÐÌÓ€HÓÓ  Ó*****Ð  ð ÐÓ3JÓÓnÓÌ5€November€1992Ð €Ð Ð(Dated€3€November€1992)Ð pÀ ÐÌEstablishment€of€the€state€of€emergency€from€2€p.m.€on€2€November€1992€to€2€p.m.€on€2€DecemberÐ P  Ð1992€in€the€territory€of€the€North€Ossetian€SSR€and€the€Ingush€Republic€as€a€result€of€the€seriousÐ @ Ðdeterioration€in€the€situation€with€mass€disturbances€and€conflicts€between€minorities€accompaniedÐ 0€ Ðby€violence€involving€the€use€of€weapons€and€military€equipment€and€leading€to€the€loss€of€humanÐ  p Ðlives,€and€also€in€view€of€the€threat€to€the€security€and€territorial€integrity€of€the€Russian€Federation.Ð ` ÐArticles€9,€12,€19,€21€and€22€of€the€Covenant€were€accordingly€suspended.Ð P ÐÌÓiJÓÓ  Ó*****Ð à0 ÐÓMÓÓpÓÌ7€April€1993Ð À! Ð(Dated€7€April€1993)Ð °"  ÐÌEstablishment€of€the€state€of€emergency€from€1400€hours€on€31€March€1993€to€1400€hours€on€31Ð $à" ÐMay€1993€in€the€Prigorodny€district€and€adjacent€areas€of€the€North€Ossetian€SSR€and€part€of€theÐ €%Ð # ÐNazran€district€of€the€Ingush€Republic€due€to€ð ðthe€continuing€deterioration€of€the€situation€in€partsÐ p&À!$ Ðof€the€North€Ossetian€Socialist€Republic€and€the€Ingush€Republic,€popular€unrest€and€inter-ethnicÐ `'°"% Ðconflicts,€accompanied€by€violence€involving€the€use€of€arms€and€military€equipmentðð.Ð P( #& ÐÌThe€provisions€from€which€it€has€derogated€are€articles€9,€12,€19,€21€and€22€of€the€Covenant.Ð 0*€%( ÐÌÓÅMÓÓ  Ó*****Ð ,`'* ÐÓëPÓÓtÓÌ13€August€1993Ð  ð Ð(Dated€10€August€1993)Ð à ÐÌProclamation€of€the€state€of€emergency€by€Decree€No.€1149€of€27€and€30€July€1993,€as€from€31€JulyÐ pÀ Ð1993€at€1400€hours€until€30€September€1993€at€1400€hours€in€the€territories€of€the€Mozdok€district,Ð ` ° Ðthe€Prigorodny€district€and€adjacent€localities€of€the€North€Ossetian€Soviet€Socialist€Republic€(SSR)Ð P   Ðand€the€Malgobek€and€Nazran€districts€of€the€Ingush€Republic€due€to€the€deterio€ration€of€theÐ @  Ðsituation€in€certain€parts€of€these€territories.Ð 0 € ÐÌThe€provisions€from€which€it€has€derogated€are€articles€12€(1),€13,€17(1),€19(2),€21€and€22.Ð `  ÐÓ!QÓÓ  ÓÌÌ*****Ð à0  ÐÓ"TÓÓxÓÌ5€October€1993Ð À Ð(Dated€4€October€1993)Ð ° ÐÌProclamation€of€the€state€of€emergency€as€from€3€October€1993€at€4€p.m.€to€10€October€1993€at€4Ð à Ðp.m.€in€the€city€of€Moscow€"in€connection€with€the€attempts€of€extremist€forces€to€provoke€massÐ €Ð Ðviolence€through€organized€attacks€against€the€representatives€of€authority€and€the€Police".€TheÐ pÀ Ðprovisions€from€which€it€has€derogated€are€articles€12(1),€13,€19(2)€and€22.€Ð `° ÐÌÓZTÓÓ  Ó*****Ð @ ÐÓŠVÓÓ|ÓÌ22€October€1993Ð  p Ð(Dated€21€October€1993)Ð ` ÐÌExtension€of€the€state€of€emergency€in€the€city€of€Moscow€pursuant€to€Decree€No.€1615€of€9€OctoberÐ ð@ Ð1993€until€18€October€1993€at€5€a.m.€owing€to€"the€need€to€ensure€further€normalization€of€theÐ à0 Ðsituation€in€Moscow,€strengthen€the€rule€of€law€and€ensure€the€security€of€the€inhabitants€after€theÐ Ð  Ðattempted€armed€coup€d'tat€of€3-4€October€1993.Ð À! ÐÌÓÀVÓÓ  Ó*****Ð  #ð! ÐÓÛXÓÓÓÌ27€October€1993Ð €%Ð # ÐÌTermination€of€the€state€of€emergency€established€in€Moscow€pursuant€to€Decree€of€3€October€1993Ð `'°"% Ðand€extended€pursuant€to€Decree€of€9€October€1993,€as€from€18€October€1993€at€5€a.m.Ð P( #& ÐÌÓYÓÓ  Ó*****Ð 0*€%( ÐÓ6ZÓÓÓÌÐ ,`'* Ð28€October€1993Ð ° Ð(Dated€28€October€1993)Ð  ð ÐÌProclamation€of€the€state€of€emergency€pursuant€to€Presidential€Decree€of€29€September€1993€asÐ €Ð Ðfrom€30€September€1993€at€1400€hours€until€30€November€1993€at€1400€hours€in€the€territories€ofÐ pÀ Ðthe€Mozdok€district,€the€Prigorodny€district€and€adjacent€localities€of€the€North€Ossetian€SovietÐ ` ° ÐSocialist€Republic€and€the€Malgobek€and€Nazran€districts€of€the€Ingush€Republic.€The€GovernmentÐ P   Ðof€the€Russian€Federation€specified€that€the€reasons€for€the€state€of€emergency€were€the€deteriorationÐ @  Ðof€the€situation€in€a€number€of€districts€of€the€North€Ossetian€Soviet€Socialist€Republic€and€theÐ 0 € ÐIngush€Republic€as€a€result€of€the€non-implementation€of€the€agreements€concluded€earlier€by€theÐ  p  Ðtwo€sides€and€the€decisions€of€the€interim€administration€regarding€the€settlement€of€the€conflict,€andÐ `  Ðthe€increase€in€the€number€of€acts€of€terrorism€and€violence.€(Derogations€from€articles€12(1),€13,Ð P  Ð19(2)€and€22.)Ð ð@  ÐÌÓlZÓÓ  Ó*****Ð Ð  ÐÓB_ÓÌÓƒÓ29€December€1993Ð ° Ð(Dated€23€December€1993)Ð  ð ÐÌExtension€of€the€state€of€emergency€until€31€January€1994€at€1400€hours€by€Presidential€Decree€toÐ €Ð Ðparts€of€the€territories€of€the€Republic€of€North€Ossetia€and€the€Ingush€Republic€...€necessitated€byÐ pÀ Ðthe€worsening€of€the€situation€in€a€number€of€districts€of€the€Republic€of€North€Ossetia€and€theÐ `° ÐIngush€Republic.Ð P  ÐÌÓy_ÓÓ  Ó*****Ð 0€ ÐÓwaÓÓˆÓÌ18€February€1994Ð ` Ð(Dated€22€June€1993)Ð P ÐÌIn€view€of€the€deterioration€of€the€situation€and€the€increased€frequency€of€terrorist€acts€andÐ à0 Ðwidespread€disorder€on€national€soil€involving€the€use€of€firearms,€the€President€of€Russia€issued€aÐ Ð  ÐDecree€on€29€May€1993€declaring€a€state€of€emergency€from€1400€hours€on€31€May€1993€to€1400Ð À! Ðhours€on€31€July€1993€in€the€Mozdok€district,€the€Prigorodny€district€and€adjacent€localities€of€theÐ °"  ÐNorth€Ossetian€SSR€and€in€the€Malgobek€and€Nazran€districts€of€the€IngushÐ  #ð! ÐRepublic.Ð $à" ÐÌThe€Government€of€the€Russian€Federation€has€specified€that€the€provisions€from€which€it€hasÐ p&À!$ Ðderogated€are€articles€9,€12,€19,€21€and€22€of€the€Covenant.Ð `'°"% ÐÓ­aÓÓˆÓÌÓ2eÓÓ  Ó*****Ð @)$' ÐÓSeÓÓHÓ25€April€1994Ð 0*€%( Ð(Dated€22€April€1994)Ð  +p&) ÐIn€view€of€the€continuing€state€of€tension€in€a€number€of€districts€of€the€Republic€of€North€OssetiaÐ ,`'* Ðand€the€Ingush€Republic,€the€unceasing€acts€of€terrorism€and€violence,€including€violence€againstÐ ° Ðthe€civilian€population,€and€the€still€unresolved€problem€of€refugees,€the€President€of€the€RussianÐ  ð ÐFederation€issued€Decree€No.€657€on€4€April€1994€declaring€a€state€of€emergency€from€1400€hoursÐ à Ðon€31€March€1994€until€1400€hours€on€31€May€1994€in€territories€of€the€Mozdok€district,€theÐ €Ð ÐPravoberezhny€district,€the€Prigorodny€district€and€the€city€of€Vladikavkaz€(Republic€of€NorthÐ pÀ ÐOssetia)€and€of€the€Malgobek€and€Nazran€districts€(Ingush€Republic).Ð ` ° ÐÌThe€Government€of€the€Russian€Federation€has€specified€that€the€provisions€from€which€it€hasÐ @  Ðderogated€are€articles€12€(1)€and€(2),€19€(2),€21€and€22€(1)€and€(2)€of€the€Covenant.Ð 0 € ÐÌÓ‰eÓÓ  ÓÌ*****Ð P  ÐÓéiÓÓMÓÌ23€May€1994Ð à0  Ð(Dated€20€May€1994)Ð Ð  ÐÌProclamation€of€the€state€of€emergency€by€Decree€No.€836€on€27€April€1994€from€2€p.m.€on€27€AprilÐ ° Ð1994€to€2€p.m.€on€31€May€1994€in€a€portion€of€the€territory€of€the€Republic€of€North€Ossetia.€TheÐ  ð Ðsaid€Decree€extends€the€applicability€of€paragraphs€3€to€8€of€presidential€Decree€No.€657€of€4€AprilÐ à Ð1994€to€the€territories€of€the€Prigorodny€district€(the€Oktyabrskoe,€Kambileevskoe€and€SunjaÐ €Ð Ðpopulated€areas)€and€Vladikavkaz€(the€Sputnik€military€cantonment),€in€the€Republic€of€NorthÐ pÀ ÐOssetia.€(In€this€regard,€reference€is€made€to€the€notification€received€on€25€April€1994€and€datedÐ `° Ð22€April€1994).Ð P  ÐÌThe€Government€of€the€Russian€Federation€has€specified€that€the€provisions€from€which€it€hasÐ 0€ Ðderogated€are€articles€12€(1)€and€(2),€19€(2),€21€and€22€(1)€and€(2)€of€the€Covenant.Ð  p ÐÌÓ jÓÓ  Ó*****Ð P ÐÓJnÓÓSÓÌ21€June€1994Ð à0 Ð(Dated€21€June€1994)Ð Ð  ÐÌLifting,€as€from€31€May€1994,€by€virtue€of€Decree€No.€1112€of€30€May€1994,€of€the€state€ofÐ °"  Ðemergency€in€part€of€the€territories€of€the€Republic€of€North€Ossetia€and€the€Ingush€Republic,Ð  #ð! Ðinstituted€by€the€President€of€the€Russian€Federation€under€Decrees€Nos.€657€of€4€April€1994€andÐ $à" Ð836€of€27€April€1994.€(In€this€regard,€reference€is€made€to€the€notifications€received€on€25€April€andÐ €%Ð # Ð23€May€1994,€and€dated€22€April€and€20€May€1994,€respectively).Ð p&À!$ ÐÌDeclaration€of€the€state€of€emergency€as€from€31€May€1994€at€1400€hours€until€31€July€1994€at€1400Ð P( #& Ðhours€in€the€following€territories:€Mozdok€district,€the€Pravoberezhny€district,€the€PrigorodnyÐ @)$' Ðdistrict,€the€city€of€Vladikavkaz€(Republic€of€North€Ossetia,€the€Malgobek,€Nazran,€Sunzha€andÐ 0*€%( ÐDzheirakh€districts€(Ingush€Republic)€by€Decree€1112€of€30€May€1994,€in€view€of€the€continuingÐ  +p&) Ðstate€of€tension€in€those€districts€and€the€need€to€ensure€the€return€of€refugees€and€forcibly€displacedÐ ,`'* Ðpersons€to€their€places€of€permanent€residence€and€implement€a€set€of€measures€aimed€at€eliminatingÐ ° Ðthe€consequences€of€the€armed€conflict.Ð  ð ÐÌDerogation€from€the€provisions€of€article€12€(1)€and€(2),€19€(2),€21€and€22€(1)€and€(2)€of€theÐ €Ð ÐCovenant.Ð pÀ ÐÌÓ€nÓÓ  Ó*****Ð P   ÐÓ¨tÓÓYÓÌ12€August€1994Ð 0 € Ð(Dated€12€August€1994)Ð  p  ÐÌLifting€as€from€31€July€1994€of€the€state€of€emergency€in€part€of€the€territories€of€the€Republic€ofÐ P  ÐNorth€Ossetia€and€the€Ingush€Republic,€instituted€on€30€May€1994€(in€this€regard,€reference€is€madeÐ ð@  Ðto€the€notification€received€on€21€June€1994),€and€proclamation€of€a€state€of€emergency€from€1400Ð à0  Ðhours€on€31€July€1994€until€1400€hours€on€30€September€1994€in€the€territories€of€the€Mozdok,Ð Ð  ÐPravoberezhny,€and€Prigorodny€districts,€the€city€of€Vladikavkaz€(Republic€of€North€Ossetia),€andÐ À Ðof€Malgobek,€Nazran,€Sunja€and€Dzheirakh€districts€(Ingush€Republic)€in€view€of€the€continuingÐ ° Ðstate€of€tension€in€those€territories€and€the€need€for€refugees€and€forcibly€displaced€persons€to€returnÐ  ð Ðto€their€places€of€permanent€residence€as€well€as€for€the€elimination€of€the€consequences€of€armedÐ à Ðconflict.Ð €Ð ÐÌDerogation€from€the€provisions€of€article€12€(1)€and€(2),€19€(2),€21€and€22€(1)€and€(2)€of€theÐ `° ÐCovenant.Ð P  ÐÌÓÞtÓÓ  Ó*****Ð 0€ ÐÓµyÓÓaÓÌ21€October€1994Ð ` Ð(Dated€21€October€1994)Ð P ÐÌLifting€of€the€state€of€emergency€instituted€by€Decree€No.€1541€of€25€July€1994€and€proclamationÐ à0 Ðof€a€state€of€emergency€with€effect€from€1400€hours€on€3€October€1994€until€1400€hours€on€2Ð Ð  ÐDecember€1994€in€the€territories€of€the€Mozdok,€Pravoberzhny€and€Prigorodny€districts€and€the€cityÐ À! Ðof€Vladikavkaz€(Republic€of€North€Ossetia)€and€the€Malgobek,€Nazran,€Sunja€and€Djeirakh€districtsÐ °"  Ð(Ingush€Republic)€in€view€of€the€continuing€state€of€tension€and€the€need€to€ensure€the€return€ofÐ  #ð! Ðforcibly€displaced€persons€to€their€places€of€permanent€residence€and€the€implementation€of€a€set€ofÐ $à" Ðmeasures€to€deal€with€the€aftermath€of€the€armed€conflict€in€order€to€guarantee€State€and€publicÐ €%Ð # Ðsecurity.Ð p&À!$ ÐÌDerogation€from€the€provisions€of€articles€12€(1)€and€(2),€19€(2),€21€and€22€(1)€and€(2)€of€theÐ P( #& ÐCovenant.Ð @)$' ÐÌÓëyÓÓ  Ó*****Ð  +p&) ÐÓE~ÓÓhÓÐ ,`'* Ð5€January€1995Ð ° Ð(Dated€4€January€1995)Ð  ð ÐÌProclamation€by€Decree€No.€2145€of€2€December€1994€of€the€state€of€emergency€from€1400€hoursÐ €Ð Ðon€3€December€1994€until€1400€hours€on€31€January€1995€in€the€territories€of€the€Mozdok€district,Ð pÀ Ðthe€Pravoberezhny€district,€the€Pigorodny€district€and€the€city€of€Vladikavkaz€(Republic€of€NorthÐ ` ° ÐOssetia)€and€of€the€Malgobek,€Narzan,€Sunzha€and€Dzheyrakh€districts€(Ingush€Republic)€for€theÐ P   Ðsame€reasons€as€those€given€in€notification€of€21€October€1994.Ð @  ÐÌDerogation€from€the€provisions€of€articles€12,€19€(2),€21€and€22€(1)€and€(2)€of€the€Covenant.Ð  p  ÐÔUK.,US.,g7ÔÓ{~Ó