ÿWPCM ™DÞ’@¡˜†]ÈØA¡‰†Vƒ*‘œÒÐ ÆÃ×ÿ3æì ‘ý×ÈáЧž0¿ÎWø‘úÀjÂDûönXú½0ÍeafP¹ÃÏ6¶Žƒx Í€óvôÆ6e-ÿËh`;ÕS™W«1ðˆ]ê°SóLeù™=Ôøm¹ý£zŒƒkºµÉô=r7Ôdà? •tõg¶Í§8Dn0L~c׿þ ÏÓÞéãµ~8ze]¤ßÑ{@]9‹qÑSâ¥p•'xW´5°ßnñàZO¶,úšL“½4Q\ÒÆ·|­%ÏÝx.´KiéN«ÂMÔÀ» JŸÑUMéØì[/k¨ì&­•x]<.¼–ë`ßdžŽ~x4æ^¯l1æV¥êçnuGP@‡t SG£‡ýºqÞìšPf±øšfµí}|šc¦a¢oü5…JZ,Y’”ùÚB-;Šwñ—„Uñ_–\4#IÃù8Ó×¾.ò3x` ø¹¥“Ï]Ö#‰èoa{VJ„\­XX|)FR óÌËjO&)pŽ­ƒ£$Ñ5ùë©m#z¾oœÂ¥ôݾúÇgÅY¡‚—ŸDýÙe=㥠9$ÇÞ–Ï;Üã÷œj¯˜3Ì>›qàL?Œïàq}&t¦ÇX¬è #ɨUNq %¿ 0:Å^ ÿw 4#2 m4NK˜\\YORK_UNIVERSITY\q_hrts_hp4000tnÒV,,,,ÒV0(@øÐ Z‹6Times New Roman RegularX(ûœ$¡¡ÔUKUS.,Ô€¦z/— ½”u/Recentèÿ§3|xÿU‹ÿÀÀÀÝ ƒûœ!ÝÔUKUS.,ÔÝ  ÝÔ_Ôò òÔ‡¼p »XXÔÓ  ÓSLOVENIAó óÔ#†X1´X»¼p @#ÔÐ ° ÐÓ_ÓÓ  ÓÌÌò òCAT€A/55/44€(2000)ó óÐ “ã ÐÌ189.à  àThe€Committee€considered€the€initial€report€of€Slovenia€(CAT/C/24/Add.5)€at€its€428th,Ð f ¶ Ð431st€and€435th€meetings,€on€12,€15€and€17€May€2000€(CAT/C/SR.428,€431€and€435),€and€adoptedÐ O Ÿ Ðthe€following€conclusions€and€recommendations.Ð 8 ˆ ÐÌ1.€òòIntroductionóóÐ  Z  ÐÌ190.à  àThe€Committee€welcomes€the€initial€report€of€the€Republic€of€Slovenia,€which,€althoughÐ Ü,  Ðoverdue€since€1994,€was€prepared€in€accordance€with€the€general€guidelines€of€the€Committee.Ð Å  ÐÌ191.à  àThe€Committee€welcomes€the€initiation€of€a€constructive€dialogue€with€the€State€party€andÐ —ç  Ðthanks€the€delegation€for€the€additional€oral€information€provided.Ð €Ð  ÐÌ2.€òòPositive€aspectsóóÐ R¢ ÐÌ192.à  àThe€Committee€notes€that,€when€ratifying€the€Convention€on€15€April€1993,€the€State€partyÐ $t Ðdid€not€make€a€reservation€under€article€20€and€made€the€declarations€under€articles€21€and€22€ofÐ  ] Ðthe€Convention.Ð öF ÐÌ193.à  àThe€Committee€expresses€its€appreciation€of€the€fact€that€the€preparation€of€the€initial€reportÐ È Ðof€the€State€party€was€done€with€the€assistance€of€a€specialized€non„governmental€institution.Ð ± ÐÌ194.à  àThe€Committee€notes€as€positive€that€the€Constitution€of€the€State€party€provides€a€broadÐ ƒÓ Ðrange€of€norms€protecting€human€rights€and€fundamental€freedoms,€including€the€prohibition€ofÐ l¼ Ðtorture.Ð U¥ ÐÌ195.à  àThe€Committee€notes€with€satisfaction€that€it€has€received€no€information€about€allegedÐ ' w Ðperpetration€of€torture,€as€defined€in€article€1€of€the€Convention,€in€the€State€party.Ð !` ÐÌ196.à  àThe€Committee€welcomes€the€establishment€of€the€special€institution€of€the€Ombudsman€forÐ â"2! Ðthe€protection€of€human€rights€and€notes€with€interest€its€effective€and€responsible€work.Ð Ë#" ÐÌ197.à  àThe€Committee€notes€with€satisfaction€that€legislative€provisions€guarantee€the€exclusion€ofÐ %í $ Ðevidence€from€the€record€in€cases€where€it€was€obtained€in€violation€of€human€rights€and€basicÐ †&Ö!% Ðfreedoms.Ð o'¿"& ÐÌ198.à  àThe€Committee€welcomes€the€amendment€to€the€Criminal€Procedure€Act€which€provides€forÐ A)‘$( Ðthe€provision€of€mandatory€legal€assistance€to€the€suspect€throughout€the€period€of€detention.€€TheÐ **z%) ÐCommittee€further€notes€as€positive€the€introduction€of€a€number€of€alternative€measures€toÐ +c&* Ðdetention€during€the€preliminary€investigation.Ð ü+L'+ ÐÌ199.à  àThe€Committee€welcomes€the€adoption€of€the€Code€of€Police€Practice.Ð Î-)- Ї200.à  àThe€Committee€notes€as€positive€the€adoption€of€rules€for€the€construction,€renovation€andÐ ° Ðmaintenance€of€the€police€detention€quarters.Ð ™é ÐÌ201.à  àThe€Committee€welcomes€the€establishment€of€the€Bureau€for€Management€and€SupervisionÐ k» Ðof€the€Police,€and€the€Unit€for€Complaint€Investigations€in€the€General€Police€Directorate.Ð T¤ ÐÌ3.€òòFactors€and€difficulties€impeding€the€application€of€the€provisions€of€theConventionóóÐ & v ÐÌ202.à  àAfter€gaining€independence€in€1991,€the€State€party€underwent€a€profound€social,€economicÐ ø H Ðand€political€transition,€successfully€building€a€democratic€State,€which€demanded€great€efforts€andÐ á 1  Ðwhich€may€explain€the€late€submission€of€the€initial€report.Ð Ê   ÐÌ4.€òòSubjects€of€concernóóÐ œì  ÐÌ203.à  àThe€Committee€notes€the€information€provided€in€the€report€that€in€order€to€allow€for€theÐ n¾  Ðsanctioning€of€crimes€of€torture,€special€transfer€into€Slovenia's€positive€criminal€law€of€theÐ W§  Ðdefinition€of€torture€contained€in€article€1€of€the€Convention€is€needed.€€The€Committee€further€notesÐ @ Ðthat€the€new€Law€on€the€Enforcement€of€Criminal€Sanctions,€introducing€a€new€definition€of€torture,Ð )y Ðcame€into€force€on€23March€2000.€€However,€the€Committee€is€concerned€that€such€a€definition€hasÐ b Ðnot€been€introduced€into€a€criminal€code€and€that€substantive€criminal€law€does€not€yet€contain€aÐ ûK Ðspecific€òòcorpus€delictióó€torture€and€therefore€is€not€an€instrument€for€the€direct€incrimination€andÐ ä4 Ðappropriate€punishment€of€persons€guilty€of€torture.Ð Í ÐÌ204.à  àThe€Committee€expresses€its€concern€with€regard€to€allegations€about€instances€of€police€ill„Ð Ÿï Ðtreatment€of€and€excessive€use€of€force€against€members€of€the€Roma€population,€which€hasÐ ˆØ Ðreportedly€resulted€in€severe€injuries€in€some€instances.Ð qÁ ÐÌ205.à  àConcern€is€also€expressed€regarding€allegations€about€the€excessive€use€of€force€by€the€policeÐ C“ Ðin€connection€with€arrests.Ð ,| ÐÌ206.à  àThe€Committee€notes€that€the€Aliens€Act€as€a€general€rule€precludes€the€expulsion€of€an€alienÐ þN Ðto€a€country€where€he€or€she€would€be€in€danger€of€being€subjected€to€torture.€€However,€theÐ ç 7 ÐCommittee€expresses€its€coÔ_ÔncernÔ_Ô€that€article€51,€paragraph€2,€of€the€Act,€which€allows€for€theÐ Ð!   Ðderogation€from€the€general€rule€in€cases€where€a€person€constitutes€a€threat€to€public€security,€doesÐ ¹" ! Ðnot€respect€the€State€party's€obligations€under€article€3€of€the€Convention.Ð ¢#ò" ÐÌ207.à  àThe€Committee€is€concerned€about€the€sub„standard€conditions€in€which€asylum„seekers€areÐ t%Ä $ Ðhoused€in€the€State€party.Ð ]&­!% ÐÌ5.€òòRecommendationsóóÐ /(#' ÐÌ208.à  àAlthough€the€Committee€welcomes€the€incorporation€of€a€definition€of€torture,€in€accordanceÐ *Q%) Ðwith€article€1€of€the€Convention,€in€domestic€law€relating€to€the€enforcement€of€criminal€sanctions,Ð ê*:&* Ðthe€Committee€recommends€that€the€State€party€incorporate€the€definition€also€in€substantiveÐ Ó+#'+ Ðcriminal€law.Ð ¼, (, ÐÐ ¥-õ(- ÐÔ_Ô209.à  àThe€Committee€recommends€that€the€State€party€take€the€necessary€steps€to€prevent€theÐ ° Ðmisuse€of€force€by€the€police€against€members€of€the€Roma€population€and€other€minorities,Ð ™é Ðparticularly,€in€connection€with€arrests€and€detention.Ð ‚Ò ÐÌ210.à  àThe€Committee€recommends€that€the€State€party€consider€amending€the€legislation€whichÐ T¤ Ðpermits€the€expulsion€of€an€alien€to€a€country€where€he€or€she€would€be€in€danger€of€being€tortured,Ð =  Ði.e.€expulsion€justified€by€the€individual€being€a€threat€to€public€security,€so€that€it€meets€theÐ & v Ðconditions€required€by€article€3€of€the€Convention.Ð  _ ÐÌ211.à  àAs€a€matter€of€priority,€the€Committee€urges€the€State€party€to€take€all€necessary€measuresÐ á 1  Ðto€ensure€that€asylum„seekers€are€housed€in€conditions€that€comply€with€the€requirements€of€articleÐ Ê   Ð16€of€the€Convention.Ð ³  ÐÌ212.à  àThe€State€party€is€invited€to€submit€its€second€periodic€report€by€14€August€2001.Ð …Õ  ÐÓ¾ÓÌÔ_ÔÐ  W§  ÐÔCEUK.,ÔÓ  ÓÌò òCAT€€A/58/44€(2003)ó óÐ ™é ÐÌ111.à  àThe€Committee€considered€the€second€periodic€report€of€Slovenia€(CAT/C/43/Add.4)€at€itsÐ l¼ Ð356th€and€359th€meetings€(CAT/C/SR.356€and€359),€held€on€5€and€6€May€2003,€and€adopted€theÐ U¥ Ðfollowing€conclusions€and€recommendations.Ð > Ž ÐÌA.€€òòIntroductionóóÐ  ` ÐÌ112.à  àThe€Committee€welcomes€the€timely€submission€of€the€second€periodic€report€of€SloveniaÐ â 2  Ðin€accordance€with€the€Committeeððs€request,€and€the€opportunity€to€continue€its€dialogue€with€theÐ Ë   ÐState€party.Ð ´  ÐÌ113.à  àWhile€noting€that€the€report€covers€the€period€from€May€2000€to€March€2001,€the€CommitteeÐ †Ö  Ðappreciates€the€update€provided€by€the€delegation€of€Slovenia€during€the€consideration€of€the€reportÐ o¿  Ðand€the€detailed€answers€to€the€questions€raised€by€the€Committee.€Ð X¨  ÐÌB.€€òòPositive€aspectsóóÐ *z ÐÌ114.à  àThe€Committee€welcomes€the€ongoing€efforts€by€the€State€party€to€reform€its€legal€systemÐ üL Ðand€revise€its€legislation€so€as€to€strengthen€human€rights€in€Slovenia.€€In€particular,€the€CommitteeÐ å5 Ðwelcomes:Ð Î ÐÌ(a)à  àThe€inclusion€in€the€State€partyððs€report€of€findings€of€the€Human€Rights€Ombudsman€ofÐ  ð ÐSlovenia,€which€were€often€critical€of€the€Government,€and€notes€the€important€role€of€thisÐ ‰Ù Ðinstitution€in€the€promotion€and€protection€of€human€rights€in€the€State€party;€Ð r ÐÌ(b)à  àThe€decision€of€the€Supreme€Court€adopted€in€December€2000,€which€limits€the€duration€ofÐ D” Ðremand€in€custody€to€two€years;Ð -} ÐÌÔ_Ô(cÔ_Ô)à  àThe€Rules€on€Police€Powers€introduced€in€June€2000€which€provide€detailed€regulationsÐ ÿO Ðgoverning€the€limits€of€police€powers€in€official€contacts€with€individuals;Ð è 8 ÐÌ(d)à  àThe€amendments€to€the€Aliens€Act€and€the€Asylum€Act,€thereby€bringing€domesticÐ º" ! Ðlegislation€into€line€with€article€3€of€the€Convention,€as€recommended€by€the€Committee€during€theÐ £#ó" Ðconsideration€of€the€initial€report;€Ð Œ$Ü# ÐÌ(e)à  àThe€decision€of€the€Government€adopted€in€2003,€according€to€which€all€governmentÐ ^&®!% Ðministries€should€cooperate€closely€with€Ô_ÔNGOsÔ_Ô€in€the€preparation€of€legislation€and€by„laws€thatÐ G'—"& Ðtouch€upon€human€rights€and€freedoms€in€any€way;€Ð 0(€#' ÐÌ(f)à  àThe€ð ðHerculesðð€special€programme€conducted€by€the€Supreme€Court€of€Slovenia€andÐ *R%) Ðintroduced€in€2001,€aimed€at€reducing€and€eliminating€court€backlogs;Ð ë*;&* ÐÌ(g)à  àEfforts€undertaken€by€the€State€party€in€the€sphere€of€educational€and€training€activities€inÐ ½, (, Ðorder€to€familiarize€policemen€and€recruits€participating€in€Ô_ÔinÔ_Ô„service€training€with€internationalÐ ¦-ö(- Ðhuman€rights€standards,€including€the€prevention€of€torture.Ð ° ÐÌC.€€òòSubjects€of€concernóóÐ ‚Ò ÐÌ115.à  àThe€Committee€expresses€concern€about€the€following:Ð T¤ ÐÌ(a)à  àSubstantive€criminal€law€does€not€contain€a€specific€crime€of€torture,€which,€althoughÐ & v Ðreferred€to€in€the€Criminal€Code,€remains€undefined;€Ð  _ ÐÌ(b)à  àTorture€is€subject€to€a€statute€of€limitation;€the€period€of€limitation€pertaining€to€acts€of€ill„Ð á 1  Ðtreatment€other€than€torture€is€too€short;€€Ð Ê   ÐÌÔ_Ô(cÔ_Ô)à  àReports€concerning€the€lack€of€an€independent€system€to€investigate€complaints€andÐ œì  Ðallegations€of€ill„treatment€promptly€and€impartially;€Ð …Õ  ÐÌ(d)à  àAllegations€of€excessive€use€of€force€by€the€police,€especially€against€members€of€ethnicÐ W§  Ðminorities,€continue.€€The€Committee€regrets€the€fact€that€Ô_ÔdisaggregatedÔ_Ô€statistical€data€in€thisÐ @ Ðrespect€are€not€available€from€the€State€party;Ð )y ÐÌ(e)à  àThere€is€no€adequate€legal€guarantee€of€the€right€of€persons€deprived€of€liberty€to€have€accessÐ ûK Ðto€a€doctor€of€their€choice€from€the€outset€of€their€custody.€€The€Committee€notes€article€74€of€theÐ ä4 ÐRules€on€Police€Powers€that€makes€provision€for€medical€assistance,€but€considers€that€this€is€notÐ Í Ðsufficient€as€a€safeguard€against€ill„treatment€and€torture;€Ð ¶ ÐÌ(f)à  àThere€is€no€code€of€conduct€for€police€interrogations€to€supplement€the€provisions€of€theÐ ˆØ ÐCode€of€Criminal€Procedure€and€the€Police€Act,€with€a€view€to€preventing€cases€of€torture€and€ill„Ð qÁ Ðtreatment,€as€required€by€article€11€of€the€Convention;€€Ð Zª ÐÌ(g)à  àOvercrowding€in€prisons€and€other€places€of€detention€continues,€despite€the€slight€decreaseÐ ,| Ðnoted€in€2002.Ð e ÐÌD.€€òòRecommendationsóóÐ ç 7 ÐÌ116.à  àThe€Committee€recommends€that€the€State€party:Ð ¹" ! ÐÌ(a)à  àProceed€promptly€with€plans€to€adopt€a€definition€of€torture€which€covers€all€the€elementsÐ ‹$Û# Ðof€that€contained€in€article€1€of€the€Convention€and€amend€its€domestic€penal€law€accordingly;€Ð t%Ä $ ÐÌ(b)à  àRepeal€the€statute€of€limitation€for€torture€and€extend€the€limitation€period€for€other€typesÐ F'–"& Ðof€ill„treatment;Ð /(#' ÐÌÔ_Ô(cÔ_Ô)à  àTake€measures€to€establish€an€effective,€reliable€and€independent€complaints€mechanism€toÐ *Q%) Ðundertake€prompt€and€impartial€investigations€into€allegations€of€ill-treatment€or€torture€by€policeÐ ê*:&* Ðand€other€public€officials€and€to€punish€the€offenders;€Ð Ó+#'+ ÐÌ(d)à  àStrengthen€existing€efforts€to€reduce€occurrences€of€ill„treatment€by€police€and€other€publicÐ ¥-õ(- Ðofficials,€in€particular€that€which€is€ethnically€motivated,€and,€while€ensuring€protection€ofÐ ° Ðindividual€privacy,€devise€modalities€for€collecting€data€and€monitoring€the€occurrence€of€such€actsÐ ™é Ðin€order€to€address€the€issue€more€effectively.€€The€State€party€is€encouraged€to€include€suchÐ ‚Ò Ðinformation€in€its€third€periodic€report;Ð k» ÐÌ(e)à  àStrengthen€the€safeguards€provided€in€the€Code€of€Criminal€Procedure€against€ill„treatmentÐ =  Ðand€torture€and€ensure€that,€in€law€as€well€as€in€practice,€all€persons€deprived€of€their€liberty€areÐ & v Ðguaranteed€the€right€to€have€access€to€an€independent€doctor.€€Privacy€of€medical€examinationsÐ  _ Ðshould€be€ensured;€Ð ø H ÐÌ(f)à  àContinue€efforts€to€address€overcrowding€in€prisons€and€other€places€of€detention€inÐ Ê   Ðaccordance€with,€inter€alia,€the€recommendation€in€this€respect€made€by€the€European€CommitteeÐ ³  Ðfor€the€Prevention€of€Torture€and€Inhuman€or€Degrading€Treatment€or€Punishment€(CPT)€in€itsÐ œì  Ðreport€on€Slovenia€(CPT/Inf(2002)36);€Ð …Õ  ÐÌ(g)à  àWidely€disseminate€the€reports€submitted€by€Slovenia€to€the€Committee€and€the€conclusionsÐ W§  Ðand€recommendations,€in€appropriate€languages,€through€official€web€sites,€the€media€and€non„Ð @ Ðgovernmental€organizations.Ð )y ÐÔUK.,CE.,0ÔÓBÓ