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L  *>> (_17  2( 4 <DL223  Ԁ2( 4 <DL2  *DD (_16   ," <DL,23  Ԁ," <DL,   *55 (_15  ) <DL)23  Ԁ) <DL)  *22 (_14 ` &<<DL&23  Ԁ&<<DL& ` *// (_13  #DL#23  Ԁ#DL#  *,, (_12   DL 23  Ԁ DL  *)) (_11 h DDL23  ԀDDL h *&& (_10  L23  ԀL  (## &_9   L23  Ԁ L  (>> &_8  2( 4 <DL223  2( 4 <DL2  (DD &_7   ," <DL,23  ," <DL,   (55 &_6  ) <DL)23  ) <DL)  (22 &_5 ` &<<DL&23  &<<DL& ` (// &_4  #DL#23  #DL#  (,, &_3   DL 23   DL  ()) &_2 h DDL23  DDL h (&& &_1  L23  L  &## $_   L23   L  6 4heading 1     2( 4 <DL2  UK XXX       US   2( 4 <DL2  <:Default Para2qq0ParaNo.   5+ B <DL5 UK XXX US   5+ B <DL5  <:endnote text   2( 4 <DL2 UK XXX US   2( 4 <DL2  <rr:endnote refe XXXS*\  `&Times New RomanSS*\  `&Times New RomanS <]+] :Outline001_1  5+ 4 <DL523  ..5+ 4 <DL5  %%%%%%%%(35;AGMSY_11.1.1.1.1.1.1.1.&%1.($    (C"$ !      \  `&Times New Romanxp3 3#37=CIQYag1.a.i.(1)(a)(i)1)a),i)d6Y3:i+003|x(;3$2#  0  .3  0  U6||4Body Text     2( 4 <DL2 UK XXX   US   2( 4 <DL2  \!CEUS.,  _XX  SUDAN #XX=#  \ UKCE.,SpecialDecisionsorActionTakenRe:Reporting,IncludingUrgentActionProcedure CE.,UK.,_   USCE.,_CERD_ԀA/54/18(1999) CE.,US.,i_  USCE.,ChapterII `  Preventionofracialdiscrimination,includingearlywarningandurgentproceduresCE.,US.,_ 8  ... `  USCE.,  A.DecisionsadoptedbytheCommitteeatitsfifty-fourthsession 8  ...   Decision5(54)ontheSudan  1.Actingunderitsearlywarningandurgentactionprocedures,theCommittee,atits1303rd p meeting,on21August1998(seeCERD/C/SR.1303),decidedtoreviewthesituationintheSudan \ atitsfifty-fourthsession.Specifically,theCommitteeexpressedconcernoverpersistentreportsthat H humanrightsconditionshadcontinuedtodeteriorateintheSudan.TheCommitteeappreciatesthe 4 dialoguewiththeStatepartyatits1329thmeeting(seeCERD/C/SR.1329).  p 2.TheCommitteenotesthatintheSudanquestionsofethnicity,religionandculturearedeeply H intertwinedandthat,inmanyrespects,theongoingcivilconflictisfueledbythiscomplex 4 interrelationship.CE.,US.,_   USCE.,3.Asthenow16-year-oldcivilwarintheterritoryoftheStatepartyhasclaimedasmanyas1.9  millionlivessince1983,theCommitteeexpressesitsconcernovertheethnicdimensionsofthe  conflict.   4.TheCommitteeisgravelyconcernedatthenumerousreportsthatallpartiestothearmedconflict X"  haveengagedinattacksoncivilianpopulationsofotherethnicorigins,includingsummary D#! executions,maliciousandmilitarilyunjustifieddestructionofcivilianproperty,thediversionof 0$" reliefsuppliesandtheforciblerecruitmentofchildsoldiers.Inaddition,theCommitteeisconcerned %l # atreportsthattheStatepartyhasregularlybombednon-militarytargets. &X!$ 5.TheCommitteecontinuestoexpressdeepconcernoverreportsofgraveabusesdirectedatethnic '0#& minoritiesinthe_Nuba_ԀMountainsincentralSudan,asituationthattheCommittee,whenit ($' previouslyconsideredtheSudan,referredtoas"avast_programme_Ԁofethniccleansing"(A/48/18, )%( para.107).ConcernwasalsoexpressedabouttheStateparty'sroleintheconflictthathaserupted *%) inthe_Darfur_.CE.,US.,!_ +&* _USCE.,6.TheCommitteenotesthattheStatepartydeclaredaceasefireinJuly1998forsome_famine h-(, strickenregionsinthewarzone.TheCommitteewelcomesreportsthatthis_ceasefire_Ԁwasextended  foranadditionalthreemonthsinJanuary1999.  7.TheCommitteealsoexpressesdeepconcernoverreportsfromUNICEFthatthousandsof t Sudaneseofdifferentethnicoriginshavebeenenslaved,mostofthemwomenandchildrenabducted ` byarmedmilitiabasedinGovernment-controlledpartsofthecountry.TheCommitteewelcomes L  theStateparty'srecentlyannouncedintentiontoprosecutethoseinvolvedintheslavetradeandlooks 8  forwardtotheStatepartytakingimmediateeffectivemeasurestoachievethefreedomofallthose $ t enslaved.  ` 8.WhiletheCommitteewelcomestheadoptionin1998ofanewconstitutionthroughanational  8  referendum,theCommitteeexpressesconcernoverthenonparticipationofSudaneseinthesouth $  ofthecountryinthereferendumprocessandreportsindicatingthatlawyers,tradeunionistsandother   activistswhoquestionedtheconstitutionaladoptionprocesswerearrested.Moreover,the   CommitteeregretsthatthefundamentalrightsenshrinedinboththeConstitutionandinearlier   humanrightsdecreesof1993havenotbeenimplementedinpractice.   9.Asaresult,therefore,ofthecontinuinghumanrightscrisis,theCommitteeurgestheStateparty \ totakethefollowingstepstoimplementitstreatyobligationsundertheInternationalConventionon H theEliminationofAllFormsofRacialDiscrimination: 4 (a)ToimplementimmediatelyeffectivemeasurestoguaranteetoallSudanese,withoutdistinction,  \ freedomofreligion,opinion,expressionandassociation;therighttosecurityofpersonand H protectionbytheStateagainstviolenceorbodilyharm;therighttostudyandcommunicateina 4 chosenlanguage;andtherighttoenjoytheirownculturewithoutinterference;   (b)Torespectitsobligationsunderhumanitarianlaw,particularlyarticle3commontotheGeneva  Conventionsof12August1949andcustomaryinternationallawapplicabletointernalarmed  conflicts;CE.,US., _  USCE.,_(c_)Toensurethatitspoliceandsecurityforces,andanyparamilitaryorcivil_defence_Ԁforcesacting X  withthesupportoftheGovernmentorunderSudanesemilitarycommand,respecthumanrightsand D! humanitarianlaw,includingtheprovisionsoftheConvention,andthatallthoseresponsiblefor 0"  violationsofanyoftheobligationscontainedthereinarebroughttojustice; #l! (d)Totakeeffectivestepstoprotectinternallydisplacedcommunitieswithintheterritoryofthe $D # Statepartyandtoaddresstheproblemsassociatedwiththedisplacementofsignificantsegmentsof %0!$ thecountry'spopulationduetowar.TheStatepartyshouldconsidergivingeffecttotheprovisions &"% oftheGuidingPrinciplesonInternalDisplacement(E/CN.4/1998/53/Add.2)oftheSpecial '#& RepresentativeoftheSecretaryGeneraloninternallydisplacedpersons.Inparticular,theStateparty (#' mustrecognizethatalldisplacedpersonshavetherightfreelytoreturntotheirhomesoforiginunder )$( conditionsofsafetyandthatoncereturnedalldisplacedpersonshavearighttohaveanyproperty |*%) thatwasseizedinthecourseoftheconflictrestoredtothemandtoparticipateequallyinpublic h+&* affairsupontheirreturn;CE.,US.,_ T,'+  @-(, USCE.,(e)Toimplementapubliceducationcampaignurgingtolerancewithrespecttoethnic,culturaland  religiousdiversity.  10.TheCommitteewelcomesthestatementoftherepresentativeoftheStatepartyrecognizingthe t rightofthepeopleofthesouthofthecountrytoself-determination. ` 1332ndmeetingCE.,US.,_ $ t 19March1999  `    8   _CERD_Ԁ_CERD_/C/SR.1642(2004)   COMMITTEEONTHEELIMINATIONOFRACIALDISCRIMINATION  Sixty-fourthsession t SUMMARYRECORDOFTHE1642ndMEETING ` _ _ ... 8  CONSIDERATIONOFREPORTS,COMMENTSANDINFORMATIONSUBMITTEDBY  ` STATESPARTIESUNDERARTICLE9OFTHECONVENTION(agendaitem6)(continued)  L  ... $  Decision(5)54ontheSudan   53.TheCHAIRMANsaidthatinthelightofinformationreceivedbytheCommitteeonthe   increasinglyserioussituationintheDarfur,furtherinformationshouldbeprovidedbytheState p party.Hethoughtitappropriatetousethesamecriteriaashadbeensetforrequestingfurther \ informationfromtheRussianFederationonthesituationoftheMeskhetianTurks.Onreceiptof H furtherinformationfromtheStateparty,theCommitteecoulddecidewhetherthesituationrequired 4 urgentaction.  p 54.Itwassodecided. H      USCE.,CERDA/59/18(2004)   ChapterII.Preventionofracialdiscrimination,includingearlywarningandurgentprocedures  ... ` 17.ThefollowingsectionsprovidethetextofthedecisionsadoptedbytheCommitteeunderthe L  earlywarningandurgentproceduresatitssixtyfifthsession: 8  Decision1(65)  ` SituationinDarfur  8  TheCommitteeontheEliminationofRacialDiscrimination,   AlarmedbythecurrenteventsinDarfur,   Convincedthattheseeventshaveanethnicandracialdimension, p Actinginpursuanceofitsmandate,whichistoensuretheuniversalapplicationoftheInternational H ConventionontheEliminationofAllFormsofRacialDiscriminationandtopromotethemeasures 4 necessaryforunderstandingamongracialandethnicgroups,  p Referringtoitsdecision5(54)of19March1999ontheSudan,andparticularlyparagraph5thereof, H RecallingthelettersentbytheChairmanoftheCommitteeon12March2004,callingontheState   partytosubmittoitbefore31July2004detailedinformationonthecurrentsituationinDarfur,   NotingthattheStatepartyhasnotforwardedtherequestedinformationtoit,CE.,US.,=%  USCE.,TakingnoteofSecurityCouncilresolution1556(2004)of30July2004,inwhichtheCouncil l condemnedallactsofviolenceandviolationsofhumanrightsandinternationalhumanitarianlaw X  byallpartiestothecrisis,inparticularbytheJanjaweed,includingindiscriminateattackson D! civilians,rapes,forceddisplacementsandactsofviolence,especiallythosewithanethnic 0"  dimension,andexpresseditsutmostconcernattheconsequencesoftheconflictinDarfuronthe #l! civilianpopulation,includingwomen,children,internallydisplacedpersonsandrefugees, $X" 1.CallsforstrictcompliancewithSecurityCouncilresolution1556(2004)andallmeasuresthat %0!$ itprescribed,inordertoensurethepromptcessationoflarge-scaleviolationsofhumanrightsin &"% Darfurand,inparticular,violationsoftheInternationalConventionontheEliminationofAllForms '#& ofRacialDiscrimination; (#' 2.  ConsidersthatthedeploymentinDarfurofanadequatelyreinforcedAfricanUnion-led |*%) protectionforcewiththesupportoftheLeagueofArabStatesandthelogisticalandfinancial h+&* assistanceoftheEuropeanUnionandtheUnitedStatesshouldgreatlyfacilitatethespeedy T,'+ implementationofSecurityCouncilresolution1556(2004).CE.,US.,e+ @-(, ЇUSCE.,1668thmeeting  18August2004CE.,US.,1    t  CERD,A/60/18(2005)   CHAPTERII. ` PREVENTIONOFRACIALDISCRIMINATION,INCLUDINGEARLY t WARNINGANDURGENTPROCEDURES ` ... 8  18.ThefollowingdecisionswereadoptedbytheCommitteeundertheearlywarningandurgent  ` proceduresatitssixty-sixthsession:  L  ... $   Decision2(66)onDarfur    0  TheCommitteeontheEliminationofRacialDiscrimination, (#(# 0  Takingintoconsiderationitsregularpracticesaswellasitsobligationtoinform,underits \ earlywarningandurgentactionprocedure,ofanywarningsignalsthatasituationmay H deterioratestillfurther,4(#(# 0  Referringtoitsdecision1(65)of18August2004onthesamesubject, \(#(# 0  Recallingitsdeclarationonthepreventionofgenocideof11March2005,4(#(# 0  RecommendstotheSecretary-General,andthroughhim,totheSecurityCouncil,the   deployment,withoutfurtherdelay,ofasufficientlyenlargedAfricanUnionforceinDarfur  withaSecurityCouncilmandatetoprotectthecivilianpopulation,includingthoseincamps,  displacedpersonsandrefugeesreturningtotheirhomesinDarfur,againstwarcrimes,crimes  againsthumanityandtheriskofgenocide.l(#(#   1701stmeeting X  11March2005 D!   _   #l!  USCE.,_ CERD_ Ԁ_ CERD_ /C/SR.1701(2005) CE.,US.,(9_   USCE.,COMMITTEEONTHEELIMINATIONOFRACIALDISCRIMINATION t Sixtysixthsession ` SUMMARYRECORDOFTHE1701stMEETINGCE.,US.,9_ L  USCE.,ORGANIZATIONALANDOTHERMATTERS(agendaitem2)(continued)CE.,US.,:_ $ t ...  L  USCE.,Draftdecision2(66)onthesituationin_Darfur_Ԁ(documentdistributedinthemeetingroominEnglish $  only)   17.Mr.de_GOUTTES_ԀsuggestedthetextshouldcontainareferencetotheCommittee'sprevious   decisionon_Darfur_,decision1(65).   18.Mr.VALENCIA_RODR0GUEZ_Ԁsaidthat,inhisview,paragraph11oftheDeclarationon \ PreventionofGenocideshouldhavebeenretained.Hehadbeensupportedinthatopinionbycertain H Committeemembersandinparticularbyanumberof_NGOs_Ԁwhichconsideredthesituationin 4 _Darfur_Ԁtobeoneofgenocide.Hemaintainedthattheriskofgenocidehadstillnotdisappeared,and  p hehopedtheCommitteewouldnotfinditselfdiscussingthematteradinfinitum,ashadhappened  \ withthesituationinRwanda,10yearspreviously. H 19.GiventhatitwastheCommittee'sdecisiontoadopttheparagraphinquestionasaseparatetext,   however,hewished,intheinterestsofconsistency,toproposeanamendmenttobringthetextinto   linewithparagraph12oftheDeclaration,namelyrewordingthelastpartofthefinalsentencetoread  "...returningtotheirhomesCE.,US.,i;_ԀUSCE.,in_Darfur_,againstgenocide,crimesagainsthumanityandwarcrimes".  20.Ms.DAHsaiditwasregrettablethattherehadnotbeentimetotakeaccountofalltheelements l requiredtosubstantiatethetextofthedraftdecision,mostnotablythereportoftheInternational X  CommissionofInquiry. D! 21.SheagreedthatreferenceshouldbemadetotheCommittee'spreviousdecisionon_Darfur_,and #l! inherviewthereshouldalsobeareferencetoparagraph12oftheDeclarationjustadopted. $X" 22.Mr._SHAHI_ԀagreedthatreferenceshouldbemadetotheCommittee'spreviousdecision. %0!$ 23.Withregardtotheoperativeparagraphofthedraftdecision,hepointedoutthattheCommittee's '#& preventionprocedurerequiredthatamatterbereferred,nottotheGeneralAssembly,buttothe (#' SecurityCouncilthroughtheSecretaryGeneral.Hesuggestedthetextshouldbeamended )$( accordingly.CE.,US.,A_ |*%) USCE.,24.Mr.AMIRsaidthattheInternationalCommissionofInquiryhadspentsomeconsiderabletime T,'+ intheSudanconductingitsinvestigationbeforearrivingatthefindingthattherewasnofirmproof @-(, ofgenocideinthe_Darfur_Ԁconflict.Heunderstoodtheconcernsofsomememberswhowerenot  entirelysatisfiedwiththatfinding,buttheCommitteemustneverthelesspresumetheinnocenceof  thepartiesconcerneduntiltherewassufficientevidencetothecontrary.Hethereforeurgedthe  Committeetoadoptasuitablycautiousapproachinitsdraftdecision.CE.,US.,F t USCE.,25.Mr._KJAERUM_ԀendorsedMr.Valencia_Rodrguez_'remarksconcerningparagraph12ofthe L  DeclarationonPreventionofGenocideandsuggestedtheinsertionofafurther_preambular_Ԁparagraph 8  inthedraftdecisionrecallingthatDeclarationandreproducingthetextofparagraph12thereof $ t concerningthequestionofimpunity.  ` 26.Referringtotheoperativepartofthedraftdecision,hesuggestedthatthephrase"including  8  camps"shouldread"includingthoseincamps"sinceitreferredtothesituationofthecivilian $  population.   27.Mr._HERNDL_Ԁsaidthathewasin_favour_Ԁofthedraftdecisiononthesituationin_Darfur_,butthat   thetextbeforetheCommitteerequiredsomeredrafting.Forinstance,inthe_preambular_Ԁparagraph,   thewords"regularwork"shouldbereplacedby"practices".Areferenceshouldalsobeincludedto p theCommittee'sdecision1(65)of18August2004.CE.,US.,I_ \ USCE.,28.Referringtotheoperativeparagraph,henotedtheCommitteeshouldmakeitsrecommendations 4 totheSecurityCouncilthroughtheSecretaryGeneral,ratherthanthroughtheGeneralAssembly.  p Also,theinsertionoftheword"possible"beforethelastphrase"warcrimesandcrimesagainst  \ humanity"wouldallowforinclusionofareferencetogenocide.Althoughtherewasnoconfirmation H ofgenocideinthe_Darfur_Ԁconflict,itwaspossiblethatitexisted,andthatshouldbereflectedinthe 4 draftdecisioninlinewiththeCommittee'sdutytoinformtheSecurityCouncilunderitsearly   warningandurgentactionprocedures.   29.Mr._THORNBERRY_,referringtothe_preambular_Ԁparagraph,questionedtheappropriatenessof  thephrase"regularwork".Healsosuggestedthattheword"warning"shouldbeinsertedbefore  "signals".Withregardtotheoperativeparagraph,heagreedthattheCommitteeshouldmakeits l recommendationsthroughtheSecretaryGeneral.Healsosuggestedthatthephrase"thepossibility X  todeploy"shouldread"thepossibilityofdeploying".However,hewasnotin_favour_Ԁofincluding D! areferencetogenocide.ThatmatterwasalreadydealtwithseparatelyintheDeclarationon 0"  PreventionofGenocide;inanyevent,theCommissionofInquiryhadnotsubstantiatedanyofthe #l! allegationsofgenocideandtheCommitteeshouldrespectitsfindings.CE.,US., O_ $X" USCE.,30.Mr.TANG_Chengyuan_ԀsaidthatthefindingsoftheCommissionofInquirywerewellknown: %0!$ therewasnoevidenceofgenocide,andthereforenoreferencetoitwasappropriate.Inkeepingwith &"% itsmandateunderitsearlywarningandurgentactionprocedures,theCommitteemightrequestthe '#& GovernmentoftheSudantoprovideinformationonthesituationin_Darfur_,butheseriously (#' questionedtheneedtoadoptaspecialdecisiononthematter. )$( 31.Mr._LINDGREN_ԀALVESsaidthattheconflictin_Darfur_Ԁhadbeenasubjectofconcerntothe h+&* UnitedNationsforsomeconsiderabletime,andthatvariousresolutionsanddecisionshadbeen T,'+ adopted,includingbytheCommissiononHumanRights,tonoavail.TheCommitteehadalsoissued @-(, itsowndecisiononthematterin2004.Morerecently,theconflicthadattractedgreaterattentioninCE.,US.,RV_  USCE.,connectionwiththefindingsoftheCommissionofInquiryandSecurityCouncilresolution1585  (2005).However,inviewofthedifficultytheCommitteewashavinginreachingagreement,he  suggestedthatitshoulddeferconsiderationofthedraftdecisionuntilitssixtyseventhsession.That t wouldgiveitmoretimetoassesswhetherafurtherdecisionwasreallywarranted,inthelightof ` recentdevelopmentsandapossibledeteriorationinthesituation,andtodraftasuitabletextonthe L  basisofallthesuggestionsmadeduringthecurrentdiscussion. 8  32.Mr.de_GOUTTES_Ԁsaidhedisagreed.TheCommitteeshouldcontinuediscussionuntilitreached  ` agreementonasuitabletext.HeendorsedthesuggestionsofMr._Herndl_ԀandMr._Thornberry_  L  concerningthe_preambular_Ԁparagraph.HealsoagreedontheneedtorefertotheCommittee's  8  previousdecisiononthesubject.Hesuggestedthatthewords"andtheriskofgenocide"shouldbe $  addedattheendofthelastpartoftheoperativeparagraph,whichshouldmeettheconcerns   expressedaboutthefindingsoftheCommissionofInquiry.CE.,US.,[_   USCE.,33.Mr._KJAERUM_ԀsaiditwasimportantfortheCommitteetoadoptadecisionduringthecurrent   session.Ifitdelayedanylongeritwouldmisstheopportunityofaddressingtheissuewhenitwas p relevantandwhentherewasapossibilityofbringingsomeinfluencetobearontheinternational \ community.Hehopedthataccountwouldbetakenofhissuggestiontoaddaparagraphreferringto H thequestionofimpunity,buthewouldnotpressthematter. 4 34.Mr._SHAHI_Ԁendorsedmostoftheamendmentssuggestedbymembers,whonowseemedtobe  \ drawingclosertoconsensus.Nonetheless,onefurtheramendmentwasnecessary:thedeletionofthe H word"possibility"withreferencetothedeploymentoftheAfricanUnionforce. 4 Thattermwouldmakethetextofthedraftdecisionweakerthanthedecisionissuedtheprevious   year,whichhadreferredquitesimplyto"deployment",yettheneedtodeployanenlargedforcewas  nowmoreurgentthanever.  35.TheCHAIRMANinvitedthememberswhohadsuggestedamendmentstoholdconsultations l withMr._Shahi_Ԁwithaviewtoelaboratingafinalversionofthedraftdecision. X  Themeetingwassuspendedat5p.m.andresumedat5.20p.m.CE.,US.,`_ 0"  USCE.,36.Mr._SHAHI_Ԁsaidthat,followingconsultations,thefollowingtextforthedraftdecisionwasput $X" forwardfortheCommittee'sconsideration: $D # "TheCommitteeontheEliminationofRacialDiscrimination, %0!$ Takingintoconsiderationitspracticesaswellasitsobligationtoinform,underitsearlywarningand '#& urgentactionprocedure,ofanywarningsignalsthatasituationmaydeterioratestillfurther, (#' Referringtoitsdecision1(65)adoptedon18August2004, |*%) RecallingitsDeclarationonPreventionofGenocide,CE.,US.,Qg_ T,'+  @-(, USCE.,Considersitimperativetodispeltheclimateofimpunitythatisconducivetowarcrimesandcrimes  againsthumanitybyreferringtheperpetratorstotheInternationalCriminalCourtatanearlystage  ofindicationsofgenocide,CE.,US.,[j  USCE.,RecommendstotheSecretaryGeneral,andthroughhim,theSecurityCouncil,thedeployment, ` withoutfurtherdelay,ofasufficientlyenlargedAfricanUnionforcein_Darfur_ԀwithaSecurity L  Councilmandatetoprotectthecivilianpopulation,includingthoseincamps,displacedpersonsand 8  refugeesreturningtotheirhomesin_Darfur_,againstwarcrimes,crimesagainsthumanityandtherisk $ t ofgenocide."  ` 37.Mr._THORNBERRY_Ԁsuggestedtheinsertionoftheword"regular"before"practices"inthefirst  8  _preambular_Ԁparagraph.Healsosuggestedthatitmightbeappropriatetoincludethedateofadoption $  oftheDeclarationonPreventionofGenocideinthethird_preambular_Ԁparagraph.   38.Ms.DAHendorsedMr._Thornberry_'ssuggestionconcerningthedatebutsaidthatthereseemed   tobenoneedtoreproducethetextofparagraph12oftheDeclaration.Thesecond_preambular_   paragraphshouldthereforereadsimply:"RecallingitsDeclarationonPreventionofGenocideof11 p March2005,".CE.,US.,k_ \ USCE.,39.TheCHAIRMANsaidhetookitthattheCommitteewishedtoadopttherevisedtextofthedraft 4 decision,asreadoutbyMr._Shahi_ԀandamendedbyMr._Thornberry_ԀandMs.Dah.  p 40.Itwassodecided.CE.,US.,q_ H ...