ÿWPCV yo»0"SÀêtnš×ÛIå£-µÌäÐîsSÔêhK¦€b|­¡‘n,/•ÐÃS˜ÑÈ»ÜqƒÀ‡ß]ú–„©Ãcž)V©?ÎjßÇ €-Ö Oä¦+‚×;ý%÷›ÇNÌ…"2¢,ï¸Ó®w%qõèÝUá{ù‚MÍcŸ¾»ËJ9hô7¿1Äè÷„šaù‘aK; Ñ¥ž°rdUp ~wøâƈ/¨âl°)ã@óNÙ%'€0~9Àù>–öâ˜qÒ`+¤y$|$é6¬75 ±›2õ2öÛkб“ÃW,àIà×n{ Ú,Œ”ßµÐ[rŠëd AÃs=.¾9 !+‰-ö[¬vÑ›é¹ ÿ-TÌÁ¹P)šE–1ֲߤº3Ê $æÇ –7ÒÄxCâˆzCI‡.ÒÔ¼”)$"OE‰ßDTkn·_ê9µ\ì¥}ó_´Ãq»zB°A*üüF–µ£ñ¯µNn4ój6 ã`’“3=Iu{ƒõ•®"¨3ÒÿëºØSBô àòª¡ÅLP¼4‰ ¿)‰¯³0ÿÓ„ªØœêÚñš{8¸ H^û¸|y’Qd™nÛ&â¯\aq{]ݼËd (ã àl­,#ÉhUN1 % 0:…^ ¿wË4Ïãò môN f a B#########################f@aB˜ 0(ÖÃ9 Z‹6Times New Roman RegularX(üœ$¡¡ÔUSUS.,Ôºp8— ¹p8ê:i¢×+003|x ÿU‹ÿÀÀÀˆTABLE B dˆ>TABLE AÝ ƒüœ!ÝÔUSUS.,ÔÝ  ÝÔ_ÔÔ‡¼µ`»XXÔÓ  Óò òTAJIKISTANó óÔ#†XvÉX»¼µ`=#ÔÐ ° ÐÓ\ÓÌò òFollow„up:€State€ReportingÐ Ê Ѐ€€€€(Ô_ÔiÔ_Ô)€Action€by€treaty€bodiesó óÐ Ä ÐÌÌò òÔ_ÔCCPRÔ_Ô,€Ô_ÔCCPRÔ_Ô/C/SR.2392€(2006)ó óÐ ²  ÐÌHUMAN€RIGHTS€COMMITTEEÐ ¦ ö ÐEighty„seventh€sessionÐ   ð  ÐSUMMARY€RECORD€OF€THE€2392nd€MEETINGÐ šê  ÐHeld€at€the€Ô_ÔPalaisÔ_Ô€Wilson,€Geneva,Ð ”ä  Ðon€Wednesday,€26€July€2006,€at€11€a.m.Ð ŽÞ  ÐÌ...Ð ‚Ò  ÐÌFOLLOW„UP€TO€CONCLUDING€OBSERVATIONS€ON€STATE€REPORTS€AND€TO€VIEWSÐ vÆ ÐUNDER€THE€OPTIONAL€PROTOCOL€(agenda€item€7)Ð pÀ ÐÌ...Ð d´ ÐÌòòReport€of€the€Special€Rapporteur€for€follow„up€on€concluding€observationsóóÐ X¨ Ð(Ô_ÔCCPRÔ_Ô/C/87/Ô_ÔCRPÔ_Ô.1/Add.7)Ð R¢ ÐÌÓ  Ó...Ð F– ÐÌ[òòMr.€Ô_ÔRIVASÔ_Ô€Ô_ÔPOSADAÔ_Ôóó,€speaking€as€Special€Rapporteur€for€follow„up€on€concluding€observations]Ð :Š ÐÌÌ55.€€The€deadlines€set€at€the€Committeeððs€eighty„fourth€session€in€July€2005€for€the€submission€of€additionalÐ (!x Ðinformation€had€just€passed€or€fell€that€week.€€Tajikistanððs€response€had€been€received€and€was€currentlyÐ ""r Ðbeing€translated.€€Reminders€would€be€sent€to€Slovenia,€the€Syrian€Arabic€Republic,€Thailand€and€Yemen.Ð #l ÐÌ...Ð %` ! ÐÌÐ  'T"# ÐÌò òÔ_ÔCCPRÔ_Ô,€A/61/40€vol.€I€(2006)ó óÐ ªú ÐÌÔL  ÔÔM  ÔÔL  ÔÔM  ÔCHAPTER€VII.€€€€€FOLLOW-UP€TO€CONCLUDING€Ô_ÔOBSERVATIONSÔ_ÔÐ žî ÐÌÔL  ÔÔM  ÔÔL  ÔÔM  Ô234.€€In€chapter€VII€of€its€annual€report€for€2003€(A/58/40,€vol.€I),€the€Committee€described€theÐ ’ â Ðframework€that€it€has€set€out€for€providing€for€more€effective€follow-up,€subsequent€to€the€adoption€of€theÐ Œ Ü Ðconcluding€observations€in€respect€of€States€partiesðð€reports€submitted€under€article€40€of€the€Covenant.€Ð † Ö ÐIn€chapter€VII€of€its€last€annual€report€(A/60/40,€vol.€I),€an€updated€account€of€the€Committeeððs€experienceÐ € Ð Ðin€this€regard€over€the€last€year€was€provided.€€The€current€chapter€again€updates€the€CommitteeððsÐ z Ê  Ðexperience€to€1€August€2006.€Ð tÄ  ÐÌ235.€€Over€the€period€covered€by€the€present€annual€report,€Mr.€Rafael€Rivas€Posada€continued€to€act€asÐ h¸  Ðthe€Committeeððs€Special€Rapporteur€for€follow-up€to€concluding€observations.€€At€the€CommitteeððsÐ b²  Ðeighty-fifth,€eighty-sixth€and€eighty-seventh€sessions,€he€presented€progress€reports€to€the€Committee€onÐ \¬  Ðintersessional€developments€and€made€recommendations€which€prompted€the€Committee€to€takeÐ V¦ Ðappropriate€decisions€on€a€State-by-State€basis.€Ð P  ÐÌ236.€€For€all€reports€of€States€parties€examined€by€the€Committee€under€article€40€of€the€Covenant€overÐ D” Ðthe€last€year,€the€Committee€has€identified,€according€to€its€developing€practice,€a€limited€number€of€priorityÐ >Ž Ðconcerns,€with€respect€to€which€it€seeks€the€State€partyððs€response,€within€a€period€of€a€year,€on€theÐ 8ˆ Ðmeasures€taken€to€give€effect€to€its€recommendations.€€The€Committee€welcomes€the€extent€and€depth€ofÐ 2‚ Ðcooperation€under€this€procedure€by€States€parties,€as€may€be€observed€from€the€following€comprehensiveÐ ,| Ðtable.€€Over€the€reporting€period,€since1August€2005,€14€States€parties€(Albania,€Belgium,€Benin,Ð &v ÐColombia,€El€Salvador,€Kenya,€Mauritius,€Philippines,€Poland,€Serbia€and€Montenegro,€Sri€Lanka,Ð  p ÐTajikistan,€Togo€and€Uganda)€have€submitted€information€to€the€Committee€under€the€follow-up€procedure.€Ð j ÐSince€the€follow-up€procedure€was€instituted€in€March€2001,€only€11€States€parties€(Equatorial€Guinea,Ð d ÐGreece,€Iceland,€Israel,€Mali,€Moldova,€Namibia,€Suriname,€the€Gambia,€Uzbekistan€and€Venezuela)€haveÐ ^ Ðfailed€to€supply€follow-up€information€that€has€fallen€due.€€The€Committee€reiterates€that€it€views€thisÐ  X Ðprocedure€as€a€constructive€mechanism€by€which€the€dialogue€initiated€with€the€examination€of€a€report€canÐ !R Ðbe€continued,€and€which€serves€to€simplify€the€process€of€the€next€periodic€report€on€the€part€of€the€StateÐ ü!L Ðparty.€Ð ö"F ÐÌÔL  ÔÔM  Ô237.€€The€table€below€details€the€experience€of€the€Committee€over€the€last€year.€€Accordingly,€it€containsÐ ê$: ! Ðno€reference€to€those€States€parties€with€respect€to€which€the€Committee,€upon€assessment€of€the€follow-upÐ ä%4!" Ðresponses€provided€to€it,€decided€to€take€no€further€action€prior€to€the€period€covered€by€this€report.Ð Þ&."# ÐÌÌÌÌÌâ âÐ º, () ÐÔ_ÔÔ*’ƒ*+ddd Xdd Xdd X°(#°(#’ÔÔ,Sdd ÔÔ,rdd ÔÔ,½dd ÔÔ,ö dd ÔÔ+  ÔÐ $°° „„$Ðâ âState€partyÐ 'd „„'ÐDate€informationÐ d ÐdueÐ '^ „„'ÐDate€replyÐ d ÐreceivedÐ '^ „„'ÐFurther€actionÐ "d ……"ÐÔL  ÔÔM  Ô...Ð œì ÐòòEighty-fourth€session€(July€2005)óóÐ  –æ ÐÔL  ÔÔM  ÔÔL  ÔÔM  ÔTajikistanÐ $ t  ÐÌInitial€reportÐ  h  ÐexaminedÐ   b  ÐÔL  ÔÔM  ÔÔL  ÔÔM  Ô21€July€2006Ð $ t  ÐÌParas.€7,€12,€17Ð  h Ðand€21Ð 8.  b àûâ@38879‰àûâ@‰8ÐÔL  ÔÔM  ÔÔL  ÔÔM  Ô12€June€2006Ð 7-+$ t àûâ@38879 àûâ@ 7ÐÔL  ÔÔM  ÔÔL  ÔÔM  ÔIn€translation.€€Ð $ t ÐÌThe€State€partyððs€reply€will€beÐ  h Ðconsidered€at€its€eighty-eighthÐ  b Ðsession.Ð   \  Ð...Ð  šê  ÐÐ  šê  ÐÐ  šê  ÐÐ šê   ÐÐ  Ä  ÐÌò òÔ_ÔCCPRÔ_Ô,€A/62/40€vol.€I€(2007)ó óÐ ªú ÐÌCHAPTER€VII.€€€FOLLOW„UP€ON€CONCLUDING€OBSERVATIONSÐ žî ÐÌ220.à  àIn€chapter€VII€of€its€annual€report€for€2003€(A/58/40,€vol.€I),€the€Committee€described€theÐ ’ â Ðframework€that€it€has€set€out€for€providing€for€more€effective€follow-up,€subsequent€to€the€adoption€of€theÐ Œ Ü Ðconcluding€observations€in€respect€of€States€partiesðð€reports€submitted€under€article€40€of€the€Covenant.Ð † Ö ÐIn€chapter€VII€of€its€last€annual€report€(A/61/40,€vol.€I),€an€updated€account€of€the€Committeeððs€experienceÐ € Ð Ðin€this€regard€over€the€last€year€was€provided.€The€current€chapter€again€updates€the€CommitteeððsÐ z Ê  Ðexperience€to€1€August€2007.€Ð tÄ  ÐÌ221.à  àOver€the€period€covered€by€the€present€annual€report,€Mr.€Rafael€Ô_ÔRivasÔ_Ô„Ô_ÔPosadaÔ_Ô€continued€to€actÐ h¸  Ðas€the€Committeeððs€Special€Rapporteur€for€follow-up€to€concluding€observations.€At€the€CommitteeððsÐ b²  Ðeighty-fifth,€eighty-sixth€and€eighty-seventh€sessions,€he€presented€progress€reports€to€the€Committee€onÐ \¬  ÐÔ_ÔintersessionalÔ_Ô€developments€and€made€recommendations€which€prompted€the€Committee€to€takeÐ V¦ Ðappropriate€decisions€State€by€State.€In€view€of€Mr.€Ô_ÔRivasÔ_Ô„Ô_ÔPosadaÔ_Ôððs€election€to€the€Chair€of€theÐ P  ÐCommittee,€Sir€Nigel€Ô_ÔRodleyÔ_Ô€was€appointed€the€new€Special€Rapporteur€for€follow„up€on€concludingÐ Jš Ðobservations€at€the€Committeeððs€ninetieth€session.Ð D” ÐÌ222.à  àFor€all€reports€of€States€parties€examined€by€the€Committee€under€article€40€of€the€Covenant€overÐ 8ˆ Ðthe€last€year,€the€Committee€has€identified,€according€to€its€developing€practice,€a€limited€number€of€priorityÐ 2‚ Ðconcerns,€with€respect€to€which€it€seeks€the€State€partyððs€response,€within€a€period€of€a€year,€on€theÐ ,| Ðmeasures€taken€to€give€effect€to€its€recommendations.€The€Committee€welcomes€the€extent€and€depth€ofÐ &v Ðcooperation€under€this€procedure€by€States€parties,€as€may€be€observed€from€the€following€comprehensiveÐ  p Ðtable.òòò ò€1ó óóó€Over€the€reporting€period,€since1August€2006,€12€States€parties€(Albania,€Canada,€Greece,Ð j ÐIceland,€Israel,€Italy,€Slovenia,€Syrian€Arab€Republic,€Thailand,€Uganda,€Uzbekistan€and€Venezuela)€haveÐ d Ðsubmitted€information€to€the€Committee€under€the€follow-up€procedure.€Since€the€follow-up€procedure€wasÐ ^ Ðinstituted€in€March€2001,€only€12€States€parties€(Brazil,€Central€African€Republic,€Democratic€RepublicÐ  X Ðof€the€Congo,€Equatorial€Guinea,€Mali,€Moldova,€Namibia,€Surinam,€Paraguay,€the€Gambia,€Surinam€andÐ !R ÐYemen)€and€Ô_ÔUNMIKÔ_Ô€have€failed€to€supply€follow-up€information€that€has€fallen€due.€The€CommitteeÐ ü!L Ðreiterates€that€it€views€this€procedure€as€a€constructive€mechanism€by€which€the€dialogue€initiated€with€theÐ ö"F Ðexamination€of€a€report€can€be€continued,€and€which€serves€to€simplify€the€process€of€the€next€periodicÐ ð#@  Ðreport€on€the€part€of€the€State€party.€Ð ê$: ! ÐÌ223.à  àThe€table€below€takes€account€of€some€of€the€Working€Groupððs€recommendations€and€details€theÐ Þ&."# Ðexperience€of€the€Committee€over€the€last€year.€Accordingly,€it€contains€no€reference€to€those€States€partiesÐ Ø'(#$ Ðwith€respect€to€which€the€Committee,€upon€assessment€of€the€follow-up€responses€provided€to€it,€decidedÐ Ò("$% Ðbefore€1€August€2006€to€take€no€further€action€prior€to€the€period€covered€by€this€report.€Ð Ì)%& ÐÌÐ  À+'( ÐÔ*¥ƒ ‰ddSdd Srdd r½dd ½ö dd ö *+°(#°(#¥ÔÔ,x\\ÔÔ+  ÔÐ +!°° €€‚‚ƒƒ‹‹+Ð...Ð ° ÐÐ ?5#ªú   €€‚‚ƒ ƒ‹‹?Ðò òà0 = àEighty„fourth€session€(July€2006)Фô=¥#=¥# Ðó óÐ ?5#žî   €€‚‚ƒ ƒ‹‹?Ðò òState€party:€Tajikistanó óÐ ¢ò ÐÐ ?5#œ ì   €€‚‚ƒ ƒ‹‹?Ðò òReport€considered:ó ó€InitialÐ   ð ÐÐ ?5#š ê   €€‚‚ƒ ƒ‹‹?Ðò òInformation€requested:ó óÐ ž î  ÐÌPara.€10:€Action€required€to€put€an€end€to€torture,€investigate€complaints€promptly€and€put€thoseÐ ’â  Ðresponsible€swiftly€on€trial,€sentence€them€and€punish€them;€compensation€for€victims€(arts.€7€andÐ ŒÜ  Ð14.3€(g)).Ð †Ö  ÐÌPara.€12:€Review€of€law€governing€criminal€proceedings,€introducing€a€system€whereby€all€detaineesÐ zÊ  Ðare€placed€immediately€at€the€disposal€of€the€courts€(art.€9).Ð tÄ ÐÐ ?5#n¾   €€‚‚ƒ ƒ‹‹?ÐPara.€14:€Consideration€of€alternative€forms€of€punishment;€allowing€independent€visits€to€prisons€andÐ r Ðdetention€facilities€by€representatives€of€both€national€and€international€organizations€(art.€10).Ð l¼ ÐÌPara.€21:€Preventing€pressure€on€and€harassment€of€reporters;€ensuring€domestic€legislation€isÐ `° Ðcompatible€with€article€19.Ð Zª ÐÐ ?5#T¤   €€‚‚ƒ ƒ‹‹?Ðò òDate€information€due:ó ó€1€August€2004Ð X¨ ÐÐ ?5#R¢   €€‚‚ƒ ƒ‹‹?Ðò òDate€reply€received:ó ó€Ð V¦ ÐÌòò12€July€2006óó€Complete€response.Ð Jš ÐÐ ?5#D ”   €€‚‚ƒ ƒ‹‹?Ðò òRecommended€action:ó ó€At€its€eighty„eighth€session€the€Committee€decided€no€further€action€neededÐ H!˜ Ðto€be€taken€with€regard€to€the€initial€report€of€the€State€party.Ð B"’ ÐÐ ?5#<#Œ    €€‚‚ƒ ƒ‹‹?Ðò òNext€report€due:ó ó€1€August€2008Ð @$! ÐÌ...Ð3)'4&„!#   3ÐÌNoteÐ 2(‚#$ ÐÌ1/€€The€table€format€was€altered€at€the€ninetieth€session.Ð &*v%& ÐÐ   +p&' ÐÌò ò(ii)€Action€by€State€Partyó óÐ ªú ÐÌò òÔ_ÔCCPRÔ_Ô,€Ô_ÔCCPRÔ_Ô/C/Ô_ÔTJKÔ_Ô/CO/4/Add.1€(2006)ó óÐ žî ÐÌò òComments€by€the€Government€of€Tajikistan€on€the€concluding€€observations€of€the€Human€RightsÐ ’ â ÐCommitteeó óÐ Œ Ü ÐÌ[12€July€2006]Ð € Ð ЀÌò òÓ  ÓInformation€concerning€implementation€of€the€recommendations€Ð tÄ  Ðof€the€United€Nations€Human€Rights€Committeeó óÐ n¾  ÐÓ=6ÓÌà  àThe€Republic€of€Tajikistan€presented€an€initial€national€report€on€the€implementation€of€theÐ b²  ÐInternational€Covenant€on€Civil€and€Political€Rights€in€the€Republic€of€Tajikistan€to€the€United€NationsÐ \¬  ÐHuman€Rights€Committee.Ð V¦ ÐÌà  àThe€United€Nations€Human€Rights€Committee€considered€this€report€at€its€2285th,€2286th€andÐ Jš Ð2287th€meetings€on€13€and€14€July€2005€(Ô_ÔCCPRÔ_Ô/C/SR.2285-2287).€€The€Committee€adopted€itsÐ D” Ðconcluding€observations€at€its€2299th€meeting€on€22€July€2005€(Ô_ÔCCPRÔ_Ô/C/SR.2299)€and€it€requested€theÐ >Ž Ðprovision€of€information€in€respect€of€paragraphs€10,€12,€14€and€21€of€those€concluding€observations.Ð 8ˆ ÐÌÓ  Óò òThe€Committee's€recommendations€and€the€State€party's€repliesó óÐ ,| ÐÓ2:ÓÌ10.à  àThe€Committee€is€concerned€about€the€widespread€use€of€ill-treatment€and€torture€by€investigationÐ  p Ðand€other€officials€to€obtain€information,€testimony€or€self-incriminating€evidence€from€suspects,€witnessesÐ j Ðor€arrested€persons€(arts.€7€and€14,€para.€3€(g)).Ð d ÐÌò òà0  àThe€State€party€should€take€all€necessary€measures€to€stop€this€practice,€to€investigateÐ  X Ðpromptly€all€complaints€of€the€use€of€such€practices€by€officials€and€to€proceed€to€the€rapidÐ !R Ðprosecution,€conviction€and€punishment€of€those€responsible,€and€to€provide€adequateÐ ü!L Ðcompensation€to€the€victims.Ðö"F(#(# Ðó óÌà  àIn€accordance€with€the€International€Covenant€on€Civil€and€Political€Rights,€all€persons€deprivedÐ ê$: ! Ðof€their€liberty€shall€be€treated€with€humanity€and€with€respect€for€the€inherent€dignity€of€the€human€person.€Ð ä%4!" ÐÌÌà  àThe€Republic€of€Tajikistan€does€take€all€the€necessary€measures€to€prevent€the€use€of€ill€treatmentÐ Ò("$% Ðand€torture€by€investigators€and€other€officials€in€order€to€obtain€information,€testimony€or€self-incriminatingÐ Ì)%& Ðevidence€from€suspects,€witnesses€or€arrested€persons.Ð Æ*&' ÐÌà  àSeveral€articles€of€the€Criminal€Code€of€the€Republic€of€Tajikistan€provide€for€the€criminalÐ º, () Ðresponsibility€of€the€staff€of€law€enforcement€agencies.Ð ´-)* ÐÔ_Ô‡à  àFor€example,€under€article€316€of€the€Criminal€Code,€it€is€a€criminal€offence€for€officials€toÐ ° Ðperpetrate€acts€which€clearly€exceed€the€bounds€of€their€authority€and€which€entail€a€material€breach€ofÐ ªú Ðcitizens'€rights€or€lawful€interests.Ð ¤ô ÐÌà  àUnder€article€354€of€the€Criminal€Code,€it€is€an€offence€for€those€conducting€inquiries€or€preliminaryÐ ˜è Ðinvestigations€or€administering€justice€to€coerce€persons€into€giving€evidence€by€means€of€threats€orÐ ’ â Ðblackmail.Ð Œ Ü ÐÌà  àUnder€article€359€of€the€Criminal€Code,€the€falsification€of€evidence€in€civil€and€criminal€cases€isÐ € Ð Ðan€offence.Ð z Ê  ÐÌà  àIn€the€event€of€an€offence€being€committed€by€persons€conducting€an€inquiry€or€preliminaryÐ n¾  Ðinvestigation,€the€court,€as€a€rule,€in€such€cases,€imposes€a€custodial€sentence.€€Measures€are€also€takenÐ h¸  Ðto€ensure€that€there€are€no€further€recurrences€of€the€offence.Ð b²  ÐÌà  àNotwithstanding€the€measures€being€taken,€isolated€incidents€do€occur,€but€there€is€no€widespreadÐ V¦ Ðuse€of€unlawful€methods€by€investigators€in€order€to€obtain€information€or€confessions€from€suspects.€€InÐ P  Ð2005,€the€procuratorial€authorities€were€notified€of€three€cases€in€which€militia€officers€had€used€force€inÐ Jš Ðan€attempt€to€obtain€self-incriminating€evidence€(two€in€Dushanbe€and€one€in€Kurgan-Tyube).€€CriminalÐ D” Ðcharges€were€filed€against€all€these€militia€officers.Ð >Ž ÐÌà  àThe€Office€of€the€Procurator-General€of€the€Republic€of€Tajikistan€constantly€monitors€the€detentionÐ 2‚ Ðin€police€cells€of€persons€who€have€been€detained€or€remanded€in€custody€on€suspicion€of€having€committedÐ ,| Ða€crime,€in€order€to€ensure€that€their€detention€is€justified€and€lawful.Ð &v ÐÌ12.à  àThe€Committee€is€concerned€that€a€procurator,€rather€than€a€judge,€remains€responsible€forÐ j Ðauthorizing€arrests.€€This€creates€an€imbalance€in€the€equality€of€arms€between€the€accused€and€theÐ d Ðprosecution,€as€the€procurator€may€have€an€interest€in€the€detention€of€those€who€are€to€be€prosecuted.€Ð ^ ÐFurther,€detainees€are€not€brought€before€the€procurator€following€their€arrest.€€An€appeal€to€a€court€toÐ  X Ðreview€the€lawfulness€and€grounds€of€arrest€is€possible,€but€it€does€not€guarantee€the€participation€of€theÐ !R Ðdetainee€(art.€9).Ð ü!L ÐÌà0  àò òThe€State€party€should€revise€its€criminal€procedure€legislation€and€introduce€a€systemÐ ð#@  Ðthat€ensures€that€all€detainees€are€as€a€matter€of€course€brought€promptly€before€a€judgeÐ ê$: ! Ðwho€will€decide€without€delay€on€the€lawfulness€of€the€detention.Ðä%4!"(#(# Ðà0  àó óÐ (#(# Ðà  àUnder€the€Code€of€Criminal€Procedure€of€the€Republic€of€Tajikistan,€remand€in€custody€may€beÐ Ø'(#$ Ðimposed€as€a€measure€of€restraint€for€accused€persons,€defendants€and€suspects€when€the€offence€inÐ Ò("$% Ðquestion€may€be€punished€by€deprivation€of€liberty€for€over€one€year.Ð Ì)%& ÐÌà  àRemand€in€custody€may€be€imposed€by€a€decision€of€the€investigator€or€the€person€carrying€out€theÐ À+'( Ðinitial€inquiry€that€has€been€approved€by€a€procurator,€or€by€a€court€decision,€ordering€remand€in€custodyÐ º, () Ðas€a€measure€of€restraint€(Code€of€Criminal€Procedures,€arts.€90,€413€and€415).€€Persons€remanded€inÐ ´-)* Ðcustody€have€the€right€under€article€221,€paragraphs€1€and€2,€of€the€Code€to€appeal€to€the€court€againstÐ ° Ðtheir€detention€or€the€extension€of€its€duration€either€directly€or€through€defence€counsel.Ð ªú ÐÌà  àA€new€draft€code€of€criminal€procedure€of€the€Republic€of€Tajikistan€is,€however,€now€being€drawnÐ žî Ðup,€in€which€efforts€are€made€to€bring€the€code€into€line€with€the€Tajik€Constitution€and€with€internationalÐ ˜è Ðlegal€instruments€accepted€by€Tajikistan,€including€the€International€Covenant€on€Civil€and€Political€Rights.€Ð ’ â ÐÌÌ14.à  àThe€Committee€is€concerned€about€persistent€information€attesting€to€poor€conditions€andÐ € Ð Ðovercrowding€in€the€State€party's€prisons€and€other€places€of€detention,€and€notes€the€relatively€high€rateÐ z Ê  Ðof€incarceration.€€It€is€also€concerned€about€reports€of€civil€society€and€international€bodies€having€limitedÐ tÄ  Ðaccess€to€penitentiary€institutions€(art.€10).Ð n¾  ЀÌà0  àò òThe€State€party€should€consider€alternative€forms€of€punishment,€particularly€in€relationÐ b²  Ðto€minor€offences,€such€as€community€work€and€home€detention.€€It€is€invited€to€take€allÐ \¬  Ðnecessary€measures€to€allow€independent€visits€to€prisons€and€detention€facilities€byÐ V¦ Ðrepresentatives€of€both€national€and€international€organizations.ÐP (#(# Ðà0  àó óÐ (#(# Ðà  àThe€poor€conditions€and€overcrowding€in€prisons€and€other€places€of€detention€may€be€attributedÐ D” Ðto€the€entry€into€force€in€1998€of€the€new€Criminal€Code,€which€provided€for€a€maximum€single€sentenceÐ >Ž Ðof€up€to€20€years€and€for€cumulative€sentences€of€up€to€25€years€and€the€fact€that€many€offences,€includingÐ 8ˆ Ðthose€committed€by€negligence,€were€placed€in€the€category€of€serious€and€particularly€serious€crimes.Ð 2‚ ÐÌà  àGiven€that€such€severe€penalties€were€proscribed,€the€courts€imposed€custodial€sentences€andÐ &v Ðthereby€increased€the€number€of€persons€serving€their€sentence€in€correctional€facilities.Ð  p ÐÌà  àIn€view€of€this€situation,€the€Criminal€Code€was€revised€to€make€it€more€humane.€€The€CriminalÐ d ÐCode€(Amendments€and€Additions)€Act€was€adopted€by€Parliament€and€signed€by€the€President€on€17Ð ^ ÐMay€2004.€€It€entered€into€force€on€22€May€2004.Ð  X ÐÌà  àAt€present,€this€Act€is€being€implemented€in€respect€of€more€than€7,000€persons€on€remand,Ð ü!L Ðconvicts€and€offenders.€€This€number€includes€more€than€1,100€persons€on€remand€and€convicts€who€haveÐ ö"F Ðbeen€released€because€their€sentences€have€been€commuted,€altered€or€shortened.Ð ð#@  ÐÌà  àStatistics€show€that€the€number€of€non-custodial€sentences€handed€down€has€risen€from€37€per€centÐ ä%4!" Ðin€2002€to€50€per€cent€in€2004-2005,€an€increase€of€13€per€centòòò ò€1ó óóó€over€that€period.Ð Þ&."# ÐÌà  àIt€should€also€be€noted€that,€in€recent€years,€with€the€Government's€financial€backing,€much€hasÐ Ò("$% Ðbeen€done€to€improve€the€conditions€in€which€convicts€are€held.€€Monitoring€operations€and€a€series€ofÐ Ì)%& Ðprojects€to€improve€the€conditions€in€which€convicts€are€held€have€likewise€been€conducted€with€the€directÐ Æ*&' Ðinvolvement€of€the€Swiss€Cooperation€Office€in€Tajikistan,€the€AIDS€Foundation€East-West€and€theÐ À+'( ÐAnalytical€and€Advisory€Centre€on€Human€Rights.€€Ð º, () ÐÐ ´-)* Ð21.à  àThe€Committee€is€concerned€about€persistent€reports€that€journalists€have€been€harassed€by€StateÐ ° Ðofficials€in€the€exercise€of€their€profession€and€that€newspapers€have€been€seized€(art.€19).Ð ªú Ðà0  àò òThe€State€party€should€avoid€any€harassment€or€intimidation€of€journalists€and€ensure€thatÐ ¤ô Ðits€legislation€and€practice€give€full€effect€to€the€requirements€of€article€19€of€theÐ žî ÐCovenant.Иè(#(# Ðó ó€Ð ’ â Ðà  àThe€Office€of€the€Procurator-General€is€not€in€possession€of€any€information€that€journalists€haveÐ Œ Ü Ðbeen€harassed€by€State€officials€in€the€exercise€of€their€profession.Ð † Ö ÐÌà  àAs€a€result€of€checks€on€the€activity€of€the€national€newspapers€òòNerui€sukhan,€Ruzi€nav€óóandÐ z Ê  ÐòòOdamu€olam€óóby€the€Office€of€the€Procurator-General,€orders€have€been€issued€for€the€immediateÐ tÄ  Ðsuppression€of€offences€occurring€in€their€operations,€i.e.€abuses€of€freedom€of€speech,€which€does€notÐ n¾  Ðmean€that€their€operation€has€been€halted.€€Ð h¸  ÐÌà  àNo€notification€regarding€the€closure€of€any€newspapers€has€been€lodged€with€the€judicialÐ \¬  Ðauthorities€by€the€Ministry€of€Culture,€which€has€competence€for€such€matters.Ð V¦ ÐÌà  àOne€edition€of€the€weekly€newspaper€òòRuzi€navóó,€which€had€been€printed€in€Bishkek,€Kyrgyzstan,Ð Jš Ðwas€seized€at€Dushanbe€airport€for€having€infringed€Tajikistan's€customs€legislation.Ð D” ÐÌà  àThe€Office€of€the€Procurator-General€has€instituted€criminal€proceedings€against€Mr.€R.N.Ð 8ˆ ÐMiraimov,€editor-in-chief€of€the€weekly€newspaper,€under€article€135,€paragraph€2€(defamation),€andÐ 2‚ Ðarticle€334,€paragraph€1€(Usurpation€of€power)€of€the€Criminal€Code€of€the€Republic€of€Tajikistan.Ð ,| ÐÌ„„„„„ÌÌò ò1/ó ó€€€"Alternatives€to€imprisonment€in€the€Republic€of€Tajikistan:€€joint€efforts"€(in€Russian),€Compilation€ofÐ d Ðmaterial€of€the€Round€Table,€14€September€2005,€Dushanbe.Ð ^ ÐÌ