UNITED

NATIONS

Distr.

GENERAL

CERD/SP/55

14 November 1995

ENGLISH

Original: ENGLISH/SPANISH

MEETING OF THE STATES PARTIES

Sixteenth Meeting

New York, 16 January 1996

ELECTION OF NINE MEMBERS OF THE COMMITTEE ON THE ELIMINATION

OF RACIAL DISCRIMINATION TO REPLACE THOSE WHOSE TERMS WILL

EXPIRE ON 19 JANUARY 1996 IN ACCORDANCE WITH THE PROVISIONS

OF ARTICLE 8 OF THE CONVENTION

Note by the Secretary-General

1.	In pursuance of article 8, paragraph 4, of the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination, the Sixteenth Meeting of States Parties to the Convention will be convened by the Secretary-General at United Nations Headquarters on 16 January 1996 to elect nine members of the Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination to replace those whose terms are due to expire on 19 January 1996 (see annex I). The names of the other nine members who will continue to serve on the Committee until 19 January 1998 appear in annex II.

2.	In accordance with article 8, paragraph 3, of the Convention, the Secretary-General in a note verbale dated 28 July 1995 invited the States parties to submit their nominations for the election of nine members of the Committee within two months. Listed below in alphabetical order are the nominees, with the States parties which have proposed them indicated in parenthesis.

Mr. Theodoor van BOVEN	(Netherlands)

Mr. Ion DIACONU	(Romania)

Mr. Eduardo FERRERO COSTA	(Peru)

Mr. Ivan GARVALOV	(Bulgaria)

Mr. George Odartey LAMPTEY	(Ghana)

Mr. Youri RECHETOV	(Russian Federation)

GE.95-19579 (E)

Mrs. Shanti SADIQ ALI	(India)

Mr. Censu TABONE	(Malta)

Mr. Joaquin TACSAN	(Costa Rica)

Mrs. Nina VAJIC	(Croatia)

Mr. Luis VALENCIA RODRIGUEZ	(Ecuador)

Mr. Mario Jorge YUTZIS	(Argentina)

Mrs. ZOU Deci	(China)

3.	Biographical data of the nominees, as furnished by the States parties concerned, are contained in annex III. Any further nominations and biographical data which may be received by the Secretary-General will be brought to the attention of the States parties in addenda to the present document.

ANNEX I

The nine members of the Committee whose

terms expire on 19 January 1996

Mr. Theodoor van BOVEN	(Netherlands)

Mr. Ion DIACONU	(Romania)

Mr. Eduardo FERRERO COSTA	(Peru)

Mr. Ivan GARVALOV	(Bulgaria)

Mr. Youri A. RECHETOV	(Russian Federation)

Mrs. Shanti SADIQ ALI	(India)

Mr. SONG Shuhua	(China)

Mr. Luis VALENCIA RODRIGUEZ	(Ecuador)

Mr. Mario Jorge YUTZIS	(Argentina)

ANNEX II

List of the other nine members who will continue

to serve on the Committee until 19 January 1998

Mr. Mahmoud ABOUL-NASR	(Egypt)

Mr. Hamzat AHMADU	(Nigeria)

Mr. Michael Parker BANTON	(United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland)

Mr. Andrew R. CHIGOVERA	(Zimbabwe)

Mr. Régis DE GOUTTES	(France)

Mr. Carlos LECHUGA HEVIA	(Cuba)

Mr. Agha SHAHI	(Pakistan)

Mr. Michael E. SHERIFIS	(Cyprus)

Mr. Rüdiger WOLFRUM	(Germany)

ANNEX III

BIOGRAPHICAL DATA OF THE NOMINEES

Theodoor Cornelis van Boven (Netherlands)

Born: 1934

University degrees

1959	Master of Laws, University of Leiden, Netherlands

1960	Master of Comparative Law, Southern Methodist University, Dallas, Texas, United States

1967	Doctor of Law, University of Leiden, Netherlands

Previous positions

Official of the Netherlands Ministry of Foreign Affairs (1960-1977)

Lecturer in Human Rights Law, University of Amsterdam, Netherlands (1967-1977)

Netherlands representative on the Commission on Human Rights (1970-1975)

Director of the Division of Human Rights of the United Nations (1977-1982)

Visiting Professor at Harvard School of Law (1987) and New York University School of Law (1990)

Member of the Sub-Commission on Prevention of Discrimination and Protection of Minorities (1975-1976, 1986-1991)

Special Rapporteur of the Sub-Commission on the right to restitution, compensation and rehabilitation for victims of gross violations of human rights and fundamental freedoms (1990-1993)

Member of the Group of Independent Experts of the International Labour Organization to monitor sanctions and other measures against apartheid (1990-1993)

Registrar of the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (1994)

Present positions

Professor of Law at the University of Limburg, Maastricht, Netherlands (former Dean of the Law Faculty, 1986-1988)

Member of the Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination

Vice-President of the International Institute of Human Rights, Strasbourg

Member of the International Commission of Jurists

Member of the Board of Trustees of the European Human Rights Foundation

Member of the International Council of International Alert, London

Member of the Board of the International Movement Against All Forms of Discrimination and Racism, Tokyo

Chairman of the Advisory Board of SOS-Torture, Geneva

Member of the Advisory Council of the International League for Human Rights (New York), the International Human Rights Group (Washington), and International Service for Human Rights (Geneva)

Member of the Advisory Committee on Human Rights and Foreign Policy of the Netherlands Ministry of Foreign Affairs

Principal publications

International Protection of Religious Liberty, Assen, 1967

People Matter, Views on International Human Rights Policy, Amsterdam 1982

Study concerning the right to restitution, compensation and rehabilitation for victims of gross violations of human rights and fundamental freedoms (Final report 1993 in document E/CN.4/Sub.2/1993/8)

General Course on Human Rights, collected courses of the Academy of European Law, 1993, vol. IV-1

Honours

Laureate of the Louise Weiss Prize, Strasbourg (1982)

Doctor honoris causa of the Catholic University of Louvain-la-Neuve, Belgium (1982), the Erasmus Universiteit of Rotterdam, Netherlands (1988) and the University of New York at Buffalo, United States of America (1991)

Recipient of the Right Livelihood Honorary Award, Stockholm (1985)

Ion Diaconu (Romania)

Born on 23 October 1938

Married, two children

Education

1956-1960	Faculty of Law, Bucharest

1965-1968	Doctoral studies at the Institut de Hautes Etudes Internationales of Geneva

1971	Doctor ès science politique of the University of Geneva, thesis on "Imperative norms in international law (jus cogens)"

Professional activities

1960-1980	Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Department of Legal Matters and Treaties

1965-1968	Doctoral studies in Geneva

1980-1981	Counsellor at the Embassy of Romania in Brussels

1981-1986	Minister counsellor at the Permanent Mission of Romania to the United Nations in New York; vice-chairman of the Sixth Committee in 1983, chairman of working group of the Committee

1986-1990	Deputy director in the Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Department of Economic External Relations, Treaties and International Organizations

From 1990	Director of the Department of Legal Affairs and Treaties

Professor of International Law at the National School of Political Science, University of Bucharest

1962-1991	Member of Romanian delegations to various international meetings of the United Nations, UNESCO, FAO, WHO and CSCE; to conferences of codification of international law; to United Nations, UNESCO and CSCE meetings of experts on human rights and humanitarian issues

1988-1991	Member of the Sub-Commission on Prevention of Discrimination and Protection of Minorities

From 1990	Member of the Permanent Court of Arbitration

From 1972	Member of the Romanian Association for International Law and Relations

1992-1995	Member of the Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination

1990-1993	Professor of International Law, National School of Public Administration and Private Universities, Bucharest

Publications

Les normes impératives en droit international (jus cogens), thèse de doctorat, Genève, 1971; revised edition (in Romanian), 1977, Bucharest

Human Rights (in Romanian), 1993, Bucharest

Articles on international law in various Romanian and foreign journals and publications

Course on public international law, 1993, 2nd edition, 1994, Romania

Eduardo Ferrero Costa (Peru)

Born:	Lima, 26 October 1946

Academic qualifications

Bachelor of Law (1970)

Admission to the Bar (1970)

Doctor of Law (1974)

Current positions

Executive President of the Peruvian Centre for International Studies (CEPEI) (1983 to present)

Member of the Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination

Member of various Peruvian and foreign institutions connected with international law and international relations

A full list of memberships may be consulted in the files of the Secretariat.

Teaching and research

Principal Professor of International Law, Faculty of Law, Catholic University of Peru

A full list of teaching assignments, lecturing and research activities may be consulted in the files of the Secretariat.

Other previous relevant activities

Ministry of Foreign Affairs: Legal Adviser (1981-1982); member of the Advisory Committee on Foreign Affairs (1986-1992)

Permanent Representative of Peru to the Legal Committee of the Permanent South Pacific Commission (1978-1982)

Adviser of the Peruvian delegation to the Third United Nations Conference on the Law of the Sea (1979-1982)

Member of various national commissions in the public sector and honorary adviser to official Peruvian delegations at international conferences (1975 to present)

Peruvian National Planning Institute: Member of the National Planning Advisory Board (1986-1989)

Organization of American States (OAS): International observer and adviser to the Secretary-General of OAS at elections in Costa Rica, the Dominican Republic, Nicaragua and Colombia

International conferences: Speaker at numerous academic seminars and international events, in Peru and abroad, on questions of international law and international relations (1972 to present)

A full list of positions held may be consulted in the files of the Secretariat.

Publications

Among Mr. Ferrero Costa's publications are the following:

Derecho Internacional Público: Casos y Materiales de Enseñanza (Public international law: cases and teaching materials), 2 vols., Catholic University of Peru (1972)

Relaciones del Perú con los Estados Unidos (Peru's relations with the United States) (co-author and editor), CEPEI, 440 pp., 1987

Relaciones del Perú con los Países Vecinos (Peru's relations with its neighbours) (co-author and editor), CEPEI, 220 pp., 1988

América Latina, el Perú y la Nueva Estructura de las Relaciones Económicas Internacionales (Latin America, Peru and the new structure of international economic relations) (co-author and editor), CEPEI, 320 pp., Lima, 1988

América Latina, el Perú y los Cambios del Sistema Internacional (Latin America, Peru and the changes in the international system) (editor), CEPEI, 280 pp., 1989

Relaciones del Perú con Chile y Bolivia (Peru's relations with Chile and Bolivia) (co-author and editor), CEPEI, 200 pp., 1989

La Reinserción del Perú en el Sistema Financiero Internacional (Peru's reintegration into the international financial system) (co-author and editor), CEPEI, 320 pp., 1990

La Seguridad del Perú frente al Nuevo Contexto Internacional (The security of Peru in the new international context) (co-author and editor), CEPEI, 1991

Relaciones del Perú con Ecuador (co-author and editor), CEPEI, 1994

Hacia una Agenda Nacional de Politica Exterier (co-author and editor), CEPEI, 1995

Mr. Ferrero Costa has also published some 40 academic articles.

A full list of publications may be consulted in the files of the Secretariat.

Ivan Garvalov (Bulgaria)

Born in Sofia, 1930

Education

Graduate of St. Kliment Ohridsky, Sofia University

Diplomatic career

Served tenures at Bulgaria's embassies in New Delhi, Djakarta, Cairo and twice at the Permanent Mission of the Republic of Bulgaria to the United Nations in New York, including as Ambassador, Deputy Permanent Representative from 1982 until 1989

1989-1990	Director of the Human Rights Department, Ministry of Foreign Affairs

1990	Director of the United Nations and Disarmament Department, Ministry of Foreign Affairs

1991	First Deputy Minister of Foreign Affairs

1992	Retired as Ambassador

Activity at the United Nations

1970-1990	Member of the Bulgarian delegations at the regular sessions of the General Assembly; member of Bulgarian delegations at General Assembly special sessions and conferences on disarmament, international economic relations, racial discrimination, youth, women, etc.

1978-1982	Representative of Bulgaria to the United Nations Commission on Human Rights

1986-1987	Deputy representative of Bulgaria to the Security Council

Positions in United Nations bodies

1973	Rapporteur of the Fourth Committee of the United Nations General Assembly (decolonization)

1974	Vice-Chairman of the Special Committee on Decolonization

1980	Chairman of the Third Committee of the United Nations General Assembly (social and humanitarian issues)

1982	Chairman of the Commission on Human Rights

1983	Chairman of the Special Committee on Enhancing the Effectiveness of the Principle of Non-Use of Force in International Relations

1985	Vice-President of the Economic and Social Council, Chairman of the Social Committee

1988-1996	Member of the Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination

1994-1996	Chairman of the Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination

1994	Chairman of the Fifth Meeting of Chairpersons of the United Nations Human Rights Treaty Bodies

George O. Lamptey (Ghana)

Date of birth:	12 November 1929

Place of birth:	Accra

Education

Louis A. Grimes School of Law and Government (LL.B) and Harvard University Law School (LL.M). At Harvard he was editor-in-chief of the Harvard International Law Journal. In 1963-1964 attended the Carnegie Endowment seminars in diplomacy at the School of Advanced International Studies, Johns Hopkins University

Recent career (Full career details may be consulted in the files of the Secretariat)

1989-1994	Ambassador to Italy and Turkey; High Commissioner to Malta; Permanent Representative to the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations

1994-to present	Permanent Representative to the United Nations

1995-to present	High Commissioner to Barbados and Belize; Ambassador to Guatemala, Honduras and Costa Rica

Conferences etc.

Has had considerable international conference experience and in 1965 played a major role in the formulation and drafting of the implementation clauses and the adoption of the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination. Has served recently as:

1987	Member of the High-Level Economic Mission to Denmark, Norway, Finland and Sweden

1988	Chairman of CERD for the second time

1988	Lecturer, Seminar on Human Rights for Portuguese-speaking Participants, Lisbon

1988	Participant, Fortieth Anniversary Celebration of the Universal Declaration on Human Rights, Paris

1989-1993	Member of the Ghana Delegation to the Council of FAO

1989	Vice-Chairman, ninety-seventh session of the FAO Council

1989	Member of Nominations Committee of the twenty-fifth session of the FAO Conference

1989	Vice-Chairman of Commission III (Legal and Constitutional) of the twenty-fifth session of the FAO Conference

1991	Vice-Chairman, hundred and first session of the FAO Council

1991	Chairman of the Resolutions Committee of the twenty-sixth session of the FAO Conference

1992	Vice-Chairman of the African Group to FAO

1993	Chairman of the African Group to FAO

1993	Member of the General Committee of the twenty-seventh session of the FAO Conference

1993	Member of the Executive Board of IFAD

1989-1993	Leader of the Ghana Delegation to the session of the World Food Programme

1990-1993	Member of the Ghana Delegation to IFAD Governing Council sessions

1992-1993	Member of the Committee on Food Aid Policies and Programmes (CFA)

1992-1993	Member of the Sub-Committee on Projects of the World Food Programme

1994	Leader of the Ghana delegation to the Inaugural Meeting of the International Seabed Authority, Kingston, Jamaica

1994	Deputy leader of the Ghana delegation to the forty-ninth session of the General Assembly of the United Nations; Chairman of the Sixth (legal) Committee; Member of the General Committee

November 1994	Chairman of the African Group

1994-1995	Chairman of the Review Committee of the Administrative Tribunal

1994	Chairman of the Advisory Committee on the United Nations Programme of Assistance in the Teaching, Study, Dissemination and Wider Appreciation of International Law

1995	Deputy leader of the Ghana Delegation to the Ministerial Meeting of the Coordinating Bureau of the Non-Aligned Movement and the Commemoration of the Fortieth Anniversary of the Asian-African Conference, Bandung, Indonesia

A full list of activities may be consulted in the files of the Secretariat.

Youri Rechetov (Russian Federation)

Date of birth:	1935

Place of birth:	Gorky

Education

1953-1959	Moscow Institute for International Relations

1969-1971	High Diplomatic School of the Ministry for Foreign Affairs of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics

Positions

1959-1975	Ministry for Foreign Affairs; Treaty and Law Department and Department of Scandinavian Countries; participation in delegations to the United Nations General Assembly and Commission on Human Rights; preparation of several universal instruments and Helsinki Final Act of the CSSE; stationed at embassies of the USSR in Iceland and Denmark

1975-1980	Chief of the Section on the Prevention of Discrimination and Protection of Minorities of the Human Rights Division, United Nations Office at Geneva; Secretary of the Sub-Commission on Prevention of Discrimination and Protection of Minorities

1980-1986	Senior researcher at the State and Law Institute of the USSR Academy of Science

1986	Ministry for Foreign Affairs of the USSR and later Russian Federation

1989	Director of the Department for International Humanitarian Cooperation and Human Rights: dealing with different humanitarian problems and working to bring internal legislation into conformity with international obligations

1990	Head of the USSR delegations to the Copenhagen CSCE Human Dimension meeting, to the forty-seventy session of the Commission on Human Rights, the Third Committee and the Economic and Social Council

1992-present	Ambassador of the Russian Federation to Iceland

1988-present	Member of the Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination

Publications

Defended dissertation on "Family relations in Sweden", 1972

Defended dissertation on "International crimes", 1984

"International Responsibility for Human Rights Violations" (M. 1979, 100 p.)

"Prevention of International Crimes against Peace and Security" (M. 1983, 224 p.)

Chapters in "Course of International Law" (M. Second Ed.)

Chapters in "The Nuremburg Trial and International Law" (Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, Dordrecht 1990)

Author of more than 150 publications on different issues of international law (human rights, race relations, prevention of racial discrimination, minority rights, citizenship, international humanitarian law, international criminal law, international responsibility, terrorism, the United Nations, the CSCE and Soviet and Russian legislation)

Lectures

United States, United Kingdom, Belgium, Switzerland, Denmark, Sweden, Israel, Iceland, etc.

Languages

English, French, German, Swedish, Danish, Icelandic

Shanti Sadiq Ali (India)

Born 18 November 1924

Education

1940-1942	Vasant College

Theosophical Society,

Banaras, Uttar Pradesh, India

1942-1944	Women's College, Banaras

Hindu University, Varanasai, India

Joined Masters Degree course. Discontinued studies to join students' movement in freedom struggle under Indian National Congress. Drafted to All India Congress Committee Office (AICC), Allahabad, New Delhi

Awards

1953-1954	Awarded United Nations Fellowship on recommendation of Government of India in recognition of work for refugees from Pakistan and particularly resettlement of abducted women in camps under the Indian National Congress. Visited Geneva, United Kingdom, France and Greece

Experience in international affairs

1963-1972	Drafted as Executive Secretary to Indian Council for Africa (established in 1960 and now Indian Centre for Africa under the Indian Council for Cultural Relations)

Supervised publication of Africa Quarterly. Organized and participated in seminars. Commentator on African Affairs on All India Radio, Doordarshan (TV)

1977-1982	Member, Governing Body, Indian Council for Cultural Relations as an authority on African affairs

1978	India's representative at the 1978 United Nations Symposium on the Exploitation of Blacks in South Africa and Namibia and on prison conditions in the South African jails, Lesotho; elected Rapporteur

1978-1979	Member, Indian National Committee to observe the United Nations International Anti-Apartheid Year and Convener of the Maharashtra State Committee

1979	Member of the Indian delegation to the thirty-fourth session of the United Nations General Assembly

1979-1981	Executive Editor, Africa Quarterly, organ of the Indian Centre for Africa, Indian Council for Cultural Relations

1980-1995	Elected to Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination for four-year term; re-elected in 1984, 1988 and 1992. Rapporteur of CERD. Represented CERD and presented papers at the following seminars/conferences:

United Nations Regional Seminar, Bangkok, 2-13 August 1982. Presented paper on "The universal relevance of the International Convention on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination"

United Nations International Seminar, 20 June-1 July 1983 at the Palais des Nations, Geneva. Presented paper on "Experience in developing public awareness of the provisions of international standards on human rights" (working paper)

Colloquium on the "International Protection of Human Rights Institutions and Reality", Thessalonika, Greece, 28-30 September 1984. Presented paper on "Human rights in the socio-economic environment of a developing country: India, a case study"

1980	Chairman of the Committee for International Seminar on "India and East African Littoral, Hinterland and Indian Ocean Island States: Areas of Co-operation" held in Goa. Co-author of edited papers of Seminar

1984-1993	Elected first President, African Studies Society of India (registered in May 1982)

1987	Elected Editor-in-Chief, Journal of the African Studies Society of India

1992-1994	Vice-Chairman, Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination

1993	Author of General Recommendation XIII (42) on the training of law enforcement officials

1994	Author of recommendation on the establishment of national human rights along with Mr. Shahi and M. de Gouttes

1995	"Human rights in India: The challenge" at Max Planck Institute for Comparative Public Law and International Law, Heidelberg University, Germany, 28 July 1995

Positions held

Member, Indian Council of World Affairs. Member, Institute of Defence Studies and Analysis

Honorary Member, Seminar Committee, Area Studies Centre in the Indian Ocean Region, Osmania University, Hyderabad

Member, Board of School of International Studies, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi

Member, Advisory Panel on Africa, Centre for Africa, Indian Council for Cultural Relations

Founder President, Bal Varsha Prathisthan (International Year of the Child), Bombay

Founder President, Spastic Society of Tamilnadu, Madras in Commemoration of the International Year of the Disabled

Publications

India and the Western Indian Ocean	Allied Publishers

Studies: Towards Regional Co-operation

Development. Co-authored with

Prof. R.R. Ramchandani

India and Africa Through the Ages	National Book Trust

African Problem of Economic Growth and	Sterling Publishers

Development. Co-authored with

Prof. Anirudha Gupta

African Dispersal in the Deccan Region	Orient Longman, 1995

from Medieval Times

Selected list of recent papers (A full list is available for inspection in the files of the Secretariat)

"Namibia: A unique international	Indian and Foreign

responsibility"	Review, May 1985

"American Policy in Southern Africa"	World Focus, April 1986

"United Nations Role in South Africa"	Indian Quarterly

"South Africa: West's regional surrogate"	World Focus, August 1986

"Minority rule in Burundi"	Conflict Situations in Africa, Bombay University, 1995

Pamphlets

A list of pamphlets and lectures may be consulted in the files of the Secretariat.

Academic association

1981	Member, Selection Committee, Bombay University for post of Lecturers, Centre of East African Studies

1986	Member, Board of School of International Studies, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi

Censu Tabone (Malta)

Dr. Censu Tabone was born in Victoria, Gozo on 30 March 1913 and was educated at St. Aloysius College and the University of Malta where he graduated as a Pharmacist in 1933 and as Doctor of Medicine in 1937.

During the Second World War he joined the Royal Malta Artillery and served as a regimental Medical Officer, as a general duty officer and later as a trainee ophthalmic specialist at the Military Hospital, Mtarfa. He was awarded the War Medals and, on 15 April 1992, was presented with the Malta George Cross Fifteenth Anniversary Medal. In 1946 he obtained the Diploma in Ophthalmology of the University of Oxford, United Kingdom. Later he obtained the Diploma in Ophthalmic Medicine and Surgery of the Conjoint Board of the Royal College of Physicians of London and of the Royal College of Surgeons of England.

Since 1947 he has been engaged in ophthalmic practice in Malta and has held senior posts in various hospitals. In 1945 he was entrusted with the anti-trachoma campaign in Gozo, with the result that in due course the disease was practically eliminated from the island. This campaign was in many ways a pioneer project as were those of the World Health Organization which he helped launch in many countries, notably in Taiwan (Province of China), Indonesia and Iraq. He was elected Fellow of the Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh in 1949. From 1956 he served as a member of the International Panel of Trachoma Experts of WHO and was a consultant with this organization for many years.

In 1954 he founded the Medical Officers Union, now the Medical Association of Malta (MAM) and for many years was its President. In 1953 he obtained a Diploma in Medical Jurisprudence of the Society of Apothecaries of London. Dr. Tabone has also been a member of the Council of the University of Malta, a member of the Faculty Board of Medicine from 1957 and lecturer in Clinical Ophthalmology in the Department of Surgery.

Dr. Tabone has been active in politics since the early 1960s and in 1961 became a member of the Nationalist Party's (NP) Executive Committee. From 1962 to 1972, he was Secretary-General and from 1972 to 1977 the first Deputy Leader of the NP. In 1978 he was elected President of the Executive Committee. He held this post up to August 1985.

Dr. Tabone contested the General Elections for the first time in the interests of the NP in 1962. In 1966 he was elected a Member of Parliament and became Minister of Labour, Employment and Welfare. He was re-elected in 1971, 1976, 1981 and 1987 and the districts he represented included Msida, St. Julians, Sliema and Gzira. He represented the Nationalist Parliamentary Group in the Council of Europe since 1973 and was Party Spokesman on Foreign Affairs since 1978. He was a member of various Council of Europe committees for several years and rapporteur of the Political Affairs Committee, of the Committee of Health and Social Affairs, and of the Committee for European Non-Member Countries of which he has also been President. He was the Founder of the "Akkademja Ghall-izvilupp ta' i-Ambject Demokratiku" (AZAD) and was its President from 1976 to 1988.

After the election of May 1987, he was appointed Minister for Foreign Affairs. In 1968, when he was then Minister of Labour, Employment and Welfare, he made a proposal at the United Nations in New York for greater attention to the ageing population of the world which in time led to the Vienna Action Plan on Ageing, and in 1988 the establishment of the United Nations Institute of Ageing in Malta. In September 1988 he made a proposal in the United Nations in New York that climate should be considered as a common heritage of mankind. Within three months this led to the drafting of a United Nations resolution on Climate Change and on action to be taken to reduce man-made actions which are at the root of such a change.

On 16 March 1989, Dr. Tabone tendered his resignation as Minister for Foreign Affairs and as a member of the House of Representatives; and on 4 April of the same year he was elected by Parliament as the fourth President of Malta. On 4 April 1994 his term as President of Malta ended.

From 15 April 1995	Visiting Professor in International Affairs, University of Malta

Decorations and awards

1989	Awarded testimonial by the Secretary-General of the United Nations in recognition of his dedicated service in support of the United Programme on Ageing

1989	Degree of Doctor of Laws LL.D (Hons. Causa) by the University of Malta

1990	Companion of Honour of the Order of Merit, Malta

1990	Special Grade of Grand Cross of the Order of Merit, Federal Republic of Germany

1991	"Pro Merito" medal from the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe

1991	Presidential Gold Medal of the Royal College of Surgeons of Edinburgh

1991	Grand Collar of the Order of Makarios III, Cyprus

1991	Cavaliere di Gran Croce decorato con Gran Cordone al Merito, Italy

1991	M.D. (Hon. Causa) by the Beijing Medical College, China

1992	Knight Grand Cross of the Order of the Bath, Great Britain (G.C.B.)

1992	Collare dell'Ordine al Merito Melltense (SMOM)

1994	Gold Medal Award - Mérite Européen for his contribution to the peoples of Europe. Given by the Fondation du Mérite Européen

1995	Cavaliere di Collare dell'Ordine Piano

Joaquín Tacsan (Costa Rica)

University education

J.S.D./Ph.D	Juris Scientiae Doctor, University of California, Berkeley, 1991, cum laude, 1991 Bustamante Prize in International Law. Degree recognized by CONESUP in December 1992

LL.M.	Master of Laws, University of California, Berkeley, 1989

Special fields	Papers on human rights and international law,

of studyUniversity of Costa Rica, 1986

Bachelor of Laws	Bachelor of Laws, University of Costa Rica, 1978

Honours (A full list is available for consultation in the files of the secretariat)

Certificate of Merit for Creative Scholarship, American Society of International Law, 1993. Best creative book in 1993 in the field of law and international relations

Foreign Student Council Scholarship to the International Leadership Seminar, USIA, Washington D.C., Summer 1988

Associate Editor, International Tax and Business Lawyer, Boalt Hall School of Law, University of California, Berkeley, 1988

Fulbright/Hays grant for doctoral studies in the United States, 1987-1990

Honour roll, postgraduate studies in human rights and international law, postgraduate studies programme, Faculty of Law, University of Costa Rica, 1986

Professional experience (Full details may be inspected in the files of the secretariat)

1994-present	Director, Centre for Peace and Reconciliation, Arias Foundation for Peace and Human Progress

1991-1994	Centre for Peace and Reconciliation, Arias Foundation for Peace and Human Progress, Executive Adviser to Mr. Oscar Arias, former President of Costa Rica and winner of the Nobel Peace Prize 1987

1995-present	Professor of Human Rights and International Security, Diplomatic Institute of Costa Rica

1994-present	Counsellor on human rights and international law, Costa Rican Ministry of Foreign Affairs

1994-1995	General Coordinator of the final evaluation team for the Development Programme for Displaced Persons, Refugees and Returnees in Central America

1993	Associate Professor of Law, University of Miami, Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science, Division of Marine Affairs

1992	Legal adviser to the Government of Suriname in the Inter-American Court of Human Rights

1992-present	Latin American University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Law, Doctoral Programme, Professor of Public International Law and Human Rights

1991-1992	Professor of Human Rights and International Law, University of San José, Costa Rica

1989-1990	University of California, Berkeley, Associate researcher in international law and human rights

1986-87	Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Costa Rica. Lawyer, Advisory Committee, in the Border and Transborder Armed Actions case, Nicaragua v. Costa Rica, International Court of Justice

1986	University of Costa Rica, Professor of Public and Private International Law

Principal publications

Book "The Dynamics of International Law in Conflict Resolution", Martinus Nijhoff Kluwer Academic Publishers, Netherlands (1992). Certificate of Merit, American Society of International Law, best creative book of the year, 1992-1993

Textbook, Course on international public law and human rights, vols. I and II, ULACIT, San José, Costa Rica, 1992

Textbook, International security and human rights, Manuel María Peralta Diplomatic Institute, San José, 1995

Mr. Tacsan is the author of several academic articles published in various periodicals in Costa Rica and abroad. Copies may be requested from him

Selected publications

A complete list is available for consultation in the files of the secretariat.

Other recent international activities

Conference on Human Security and Militarism, Arias Foundation for Peace and Human Progress, Tegucigalpa, Honduras, February 1995

Presentation of final evaluation report on the Development Programme for Displaced Persons, Refugees and Returnees in Central America, Trusteeship Council, United Nations, New York, February 1995

"Imagining a post-war Guatemala", Vesper International/Arias Foundation, El Presidio, San Francisco, September 1994

Conference on Global Governability, Academic Council of the United Nations System (ACUNS), San José, Costa Rica, January 1994

Conference on Demobilization, Demilitarization and Democratization in Central America, Arias Foundation for Peace and Human Progress, Centre for Human Rights and Democratic Development, San José, Costa Rica, August 1993

ACUNS Summer Workshop, Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, United States, July-August 1993

International Consultation Network (INN) Consultation, The Carter Center, 1991 and 1993

Demobilization and Security in Central America, Collège Militaire Royal de Saint-Jean, Montreal, Canada, December 1992

Security issues in Central America, USIP/Fletcher School of Law and Diplomacy, November 1993

United Nations Conference on Environment and Development, as a special guest of UNCED, Rio de Janeiro, June 1992

Symposium on Sovereignty Issues, Life and Peace Institute, Sweden, May 1992

Reconciliation of Environmental and Economic Policies, Centre for Applied Studies in International Negotiations, Geneva, October-November 1991

International Law Seminar, United Nations, Geneva, June 1990

United States foreign policy summer courses, United States Information Agency, Washington D.C., July 1988

Summer courses, International Law Institute, Washington D.C., July 1987

Public and Private International Law Certificate, The Hague Academy of International Law, summer 1986

Regular attendance at annual meetings of the American Society of International Law, Washington D.C.

Professional organizations

Member of Costa Rican Bar Association since 1978

Founding President and Vice-President of the Sino-Costa Rican Lawyers' Association (1981-1992)

Member of the American Society of International Law since 1985

Coordinator of the interest group on the theory of international law, and member of the human rights interest group

Member of the American Bar Association, International Law and Practice Section, since 1987

Mrs. Nína Vajić (Croatia)

Place and date of birth: Zagreb, Croatia, 5 February 1948

Education

1996-1971	Faculty of Law, University of Zagreb

B.A. in Law

1971-1973	Faculty of Law, University of Zagreb

Postgraduate Studies in Public and Private International Law and International Relations

LL.M. in International Law

1978-1980	Graduate Institute of International Studies (Institut universitaire de hautes études internationales), University of Geneva

Diploma Programme in International Law

1984	Faculty of Law, University of Zagreb

J.S.D. in International Law

Languages

Croatian, English, German, French (fluent)

Italian, Spanish (reading knowledge)

Current appointment

Professor of Public International Law at the University of Zagreb Faculty of Law (1991-present)

Previous appointments

Instructor 1971-1978, Assistant 1978-1985, Assistant Professor 1985-1991 of Public International Law at the University of Zagreb Faculty of Law

Director of the Institute of International and Comparative Law of the Faculty of Law, University of Zagreb 1991-1994

Fields of specialization

Public International Law in general, with emphasis in human rights, peaceful settlement of disputes, law of treaties, law of international organizations, United Nations European Community Law

Other relevant experience

Adviser with the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Republic of Croatia

Member of the Croatian delegation to the CSCE Expert Meeting on Peaceful Settlement of Disputes, Geneva 1992; Member of the Croatian delegation to the CSCE Review Conference and Summit Meeting, Budapest 1994

Consultant to governmental bodies (in Croatia) on questions of international law

Member of the OSCE Dispute Settlement Mechanism and Alternate Arbitrator of the Court of Conciliation and Arbitration of the Convention on Conciliation and Arbitration within the CSCE (now OSCE)

Guest lecturer: Inter-University Centre of Postgraduate Studies, Dubrovnik (Croatia); Universities of Osijek, Rijeka (Croatia), Parma (Italy), Vienna (Austria), Iberoamerican University, Mexico City (Mexico)

Participation in numerous research projects and expert conferences

Editing the periodical "Contributions to the study of comparative and international law" in Croatian, English, French

Professional organizations

Croatian Society of International Law (President)

International Law Association

The Croatian European Community Studies Association

International Institute of Space Law

Publications (selection)

United Nations General Assembly Resolutions as a Source of International Law, (in Croatian), LL.M. thesis, Zagreb, 1977, 99 p.

Direct Broadcasting by Satellites and International Law (in Croatian), doctoral thesis, Zagreb, 1984, 402 p.

"Les résolutions des organisations internationales", Jugoslovenska revija za me unarodno pravo, vol. 27, No. 1, 1980, pp. 42-59

"Conclusion of treaties by the European Economic Community", (in Croatian), Godišnjak Pravnog fakulteta u Banjaluci, No. 7, 1983, pp. 87-107

"The law of outer space and the law of the sea: A joint contribution to the emergence of the common heritage of mankind concept", Essays on the New Law of the Sea ed. B. Vukas, Prinosi za poredbeno proučavanje prava i me unarodno pravo, vol. 18, No. 21, 1985, pp. 537-556

"The United Nations and the development of space law" (in Croatian), Jugoslovenska revija za me unarodno pravo, vol. 32, No. 1-2, 1985, pp. 403-415

"The geostationary orbit", (in Croatian), Zbornik Pravnog fakulteta u Zagrebu, vol. 35, No. 5-6, 1985, pp. 635-644

"Interpretative Declarations to Multilateral Treaties", (in Croatian), Jugoslovenska revija za me unarodno pravo, vol. 34, No. 1-2, 1987, pp. 152-167

"Good-neighbourly relations and the United Nations", (in Croatian), Aktuelni trendovi u razvoju me unarodnopravnih formi pogranične suradnje u Evropi, Pravna fakulteta u Ljubljani, Institut za me unarodne odnose, Ljubljana, 1988, pp. 1-13

"Freedom of information and international law", (in Croatian), Zbornik Pravnog fakulteta u Zagrebu, vol. 39, Nos. 5-6, Supplement, 1989, pp. 699-712

"The adjustment of the Yugoslav legal order to universal and European conventions on human rights", presented at the Round Table: Similarities and Differences between Universal and European Standards in the Protection and Promotion of Human Rights, Institut za me narodnu politiku i privredu and the Council of Europe, Belgrade, 10-11 December 1990, 18 p.

"Perceptions and demands from outside: what kind of political union? View from Yugoslavia: political union to avoid nineteenth century foreign policy", Toward Political Union: Planning a Common Foreign and Security Policy in the European Community, ed. R. Rummel, Nomos Verlagsgesellschaft, Baden-Baden, 1992, pp. 255-260. (Aktuelle Materialien zur internationalen Politik, Bd. 30)

"Right to self-determination within the framework of the United Nations referring to the current situation in Croatia", Zbornik Pravnog fakulteta u Zagrebu, vol. 41, No. 6, 1991, pp. 569-575

"United Nations peace-keeping operations, the Blue Helmets", (in Croatian), Zbornik Pravnog fakulteta u Zagrebu, vol. 41, No. 6, 1991, pp. 541-555

"Succession of States - Selected problems of international law", (in Croatian), Zakonitost, vol. 46, No. 4, 1992, pp. 570-577

Luis Valencia Rodriguez (Ecuador)

Born: Quito, Ecuador, 5 March 1926

Academic studies and qualifications

Higher studies at the Faculty of Law of the General University of Ecuador (Quito)

Fifth Special Course for Government Legal Advisers, London (1968-1969)

Degree in Public and Social Sciences (Central University of Ecuador, Quito)

Qualified barrister in the Ecuadorian courts and Doctor of Jurisprudence at the Central University, Quito

Languages

English, French, Portuguese and Russian

Principal assignments in the Foreign Service of Ecuador

Head of the Political Section of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs (1951)

Director of the OAS (Organization of American States) Section (Ministry of Foreign Affairs) (1955)

Counsellor at the Permanent Mission of Ecuador to the United Nations (16 July 1959-30 October 1963)

Minister Plenipotentiary at the Permanent Mission of Ecuador to the United Nations (31 October 1963-8 March 1964)

Under-Secretary for Diplomatic and Political Affairs at the Ministry of Foreign Affairs (9 March 1964-16 March 1964)

Promoted to Ambassador on 25 August 1965

Acting Minister for Foreign Affairs (on various occasions between July and December 1965)

Minister for Foreign Affairs (two terms: 14 December 1965-31 March 1966 and 4 November 1981-9 August 1984

Ambassador Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary of Ecuador to Argentina (1989-1991)

Permanent Representative to the United Nations (1994-...)

A full list of positions held may be consulted in the files of the Secretariat.

Main official assignments

Head of delegation to the eighteenth session of the United Nations General Assembly (1963)

Representative to the Fifth World Conference of the Society for Interntional Development (New York, 1963)

Representative to the fifth session of the Inter-American Council of Jurists (San Salvador, 1965)

Head of delegation to the twenty-first regular session of the United Nations General Assembly (1966)

Member of the Ecuadorian delegation to the second session of the United Nations Conference on the Law of Treaties (Vienna, 1969)

Head of the Ecuadorian delegation to the thirtieth session of the United Nations General Assembly (1975)

Head of the Ecuadorian delegation to the eleventh, twelfth and thirteenth regular sessions of the General Assembly of the Organization of American States (1981, 1982 and 1983)

Head of the Ecuadorian delegation to the thirty-seventh regular session of the United Nations General Assembly (1982)

Chairman of the First Committee, forty-ninth session of the United Nations General Assembly (1994)

A full list of participation in international conferences may be consulted in the files of the Secretariat.

Other posts and assignments

Member, in a personal capacity, of the Committee on the Elimination of Racial Discrimination (1970-1986). Three terms as Chairman of the Committee (1972-1974, 1984-1986 and 1992-1994)

OAS representative assigned to observe the elections in Grenada (December 1984)

Independent Expert of the Commission on Human Rights (1991)

A list of teaching assignments and lecturing and other activities may be consulted in the files of the Secretariat.

Official missions

As Ecuadorian Minister for Foreign Affairs or as a member of offical Ecuadorian delegations, has travelled on official missions to Argentina, Austria, Barbados, Belgium, Bolivia, Brazil, Bulgaria, Chile, China, Colombia, Costa Rica, Czechoslovakia, the Dominican Republic, El Salvador, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, Panama, the Republic of Korea, St. Lucia, Spain, Switzerland, Trinidad and Tobago, the United Kingdom, the United States of America, Uruguay, the Vatican, Venezuela, the United Nations, the Organization of American States, the European Economic Community and the Latin American Integration Association.

A full list of official missions may be consulted in the files of the Secretariat.

Publications

Fundamentos y propósitos de las Naciones Unidad (Bases and purposes of the United Nations) (1970)

Principios de las Naciones Unidad (Principles of the United Nations) (1972)

Protección de los Derechos Humanos (Protection of human rights) (1972), sole prizewinner in an international competition organized by the World Peace through Law Centre

Los derechos humanos de los trabajadores migrantes (The human rights of migrant workers) (1975)

Cumplimiento del artículo 6 de la Convención Internacional sobre la Eliminación do Todas las Formas de Discriminación Racial (Compliance with article 6 of the International Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Racial Discrimination) (1977)

Visión del Ecuador (A vision of Ecuador) (1982)

Various legal and literary studies

A full list of publications may be consulted in the files of the Secretariat.

Decorations and honours

Awarded the "Bien de la Patria" decoration by decision of the National Constituent Assembly of Ecuador in November 1966

Grand Cross of the "Al Mérito" National Order of Ecuador

Grand Cross of the "Al Mérito" National Order of Italy

Grand Cross of the "Cóndor de los Andes" Order of Bolivia

Grand Cross of the "Cruzeiro do Sul" Order of Brazil

Grand Cross of the "Rubén Darío" Order of Nicaragua

"Francisco de Miranda Primera Clase" decoration of Venezuela

Grand Cross of the "Boyacá" Order of Colombia

Grand Cross of the "Libertador San Martín" Order of Argentina

Grand Cross of the "Rio Branco" Order of Brazil

Grand Cordon of the "Libertador" Order of Venezuela

Grand Cross of the "Orden del Sol" of Peru

Grand Cross of the Gwanghwa Order of Merit for Diplomatic Service of Korea

Grand Cross of the "José Matías Delgado" Order of El Salvador

Grand Cross of the Order of Duarte, Sánchez and Mella of the Dominican Republic

Grand Cross of the "Ponche Verde" Order of Río Grande do Sul, Brazil

Grand Cross of the "Orden de Mayo", Argentina

Mario Jorge Yutzis (Argentina)

Born: Buenos Aires, Argentina, 26 July 1936

Vicar of the United Lutheran Church in Argentina

Master of Theology, José C. Paz Lutheran Faculty of Theology, Buenos Aires, Argentina

Doctor of Religious Sciences, Faculty of Protestant Theology, University of Strasbourg, France

University studies in Psychology and Anthropology, Montevideo and Buenos Aires

Student Chaplain, Student Christian Movement of Argentina (1960)

Studies Secretary of the Latin American Executive Committee of the World Student Christian Federation (1973-1976)

Member of the Executive Committee of the World Student Christian Federation

Human Rights Adviser to the Lutheran World Federation (1978-1979)

Co-editor of the Newsletter "Human Rights Concern" of the Lutheran World Federation (1978-1979)

Professor of Latin American Reality (ISEDET)

Professor of Philosophical Anthropology at the Buenos Aires Higher Evangelical Institute for Theological Education (ISEDET)

Professor of Contemporary Ideologies at ISEDET (1977-1978)

Professor of Christian Ethics at the José C. Paz Lutheran Faculty of Theology, Buenos Aires (1963-1964)

Professor of Fundamental Psychology, Young Men's Christian Association of Argentina (1983-1986), Professor of the Permanent Course for Senior Officials

Visiting Professor, Hamma School of Theology, Springfield, Ohio (1969)

Visiting Professor, St. Paul Luther Seminary, St. Paul, Minnesota (1985)

Visiting Professor, Dayton University, Columbus, Ohio (1969)

Visiting Professor, Washington Ecumenical Consortium (1981)

Visiting Professor, School of Theology, Vancouver, Canada (1984)

Visiting Professor, Ecumenical Institute of Bossey (Céligny, Vaud, Switzerland (1978-1979)

Member, Mission to Monitor Human Rights of Indigenous Peoples in Bangladesh, organized by the Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization

Member of the Anti-Racism Information Service

Board member, International Movement against All Forms of Discrimination and Racism

Assistant Professor in the Adult Education Service of the University of Geneva, Switzerland (1978-1979)

Member of CERD (1984-1996)

Vice-Chairman of CERD (1986-1990)

Selected publications (A full list is available for consultation in the files of the Secretariat.)

La noción de la persona en la antropología de Unamuno (The notion of person in Unamuno's anthropology), Salamanca

La construcción social de la enfermedád (The social construction of illness), Buenos Aires

Identidad nacional y democracia (National identity and democracy)

Derecho internacional, multilateralismo y la paz en el mundo (International law, multilateralism and world peace), Buenos Aires

Derechos humanos y la hermenéutica de la fe cristiana (Human rights and the hermeneutics of Christian faith), Buenos Aires

Ideología y cambio social (Ideology and social change), Geneva

Algunas reflexiones en torno al lenguaje de la fe cristiana (Some reflections on the language of Christian faith), Buenos Aires

Les Naciones Unidas y los derechos humanos (The United Nations and human rights), Buenos Aires

Martin Lutero: Una teologia de la libertad de la palabra (Martin Luther: A theology of the freedom of the word), Buenos Aires

Daniel Bell and the question of the individual in the post-industrial society, ISEDET, 1993

Democracy, underdevelopment and governability in Latin America, paper presented on the occasion of the jubilee of the Church of Sweden

Languages:

Spanish, English, French, Portuguese, Italian

Zou Deci (China)

Date of birth:	December 1932

Place of birth:	Shanghai, China

Nationality:	Chinese

Education

1950	Enrolled in Peking University Law School

1952	Transferred to Beijing Institute of Political Science and Law from Peking University Law School

1954	LL.B., Beijing Institute of Political Science and Law

Main positions

1954-1972	Teaching International Law at Beijing Institute of Political Science and Law

1972-1980	Associate Professor, Beijing Second Institute of Foreign Languages

1980-1982	Visiting Scholar, Denver University Law School, Denver, Colorado, United States

1982-1987	Legal Adviser to State Oceanic Administration

1987-1994	Director-General, Department of International Legal Affairs, Ministry of Justice

Concurrently, Professor of Law at Wuhan University, China University of Political Science and Law and Zhongnan College of Political Science and Law

1994-...	Executive Governor, China Law Society

Academic and social positions

Member, China Research Institute of Human Rights

Vice-President, Institute of Procedure Law, China Law Society (1991-...)

Member, Legal Advisers Committee, All China Association for Overseas Chinese

Council Member, Chinese Society of International Law

Vice-President, Chinese Society of Private International Law (1991-)

Standing Council Member, China Institute for Law of the Sea

Member of Executive Committee, All China Women's Federation (1988-1993)

Adviser, China Women Judges Association (1994-)

Council Member, Western Returned Scholars Association of China; Deputy Secretary-General, US Chapter, WRWA (1995-)

Main international activities

Alternate or Representative of the Chinese delegation to the first to fifth sessions of the United Nations Preparatory Commission for the International Sea-bed Authority and International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea, 1983-1987.

Member of the Chinese delegation for the bilateral negotiations for agreements on civil and criminal judicial assistance with such countries as: Mongolia, Italy, Romania, Turkey, Cuba, Russian Federation, Spain, Egypt, Thailand, Canada, Greece.

Representative of the Chinese delegation to the eighth session of the United Nations Congress on Crime Prevention and Treatment of Offenders, as well as the Asia-Pacific Regional Conference.

Member of the Chinese delegation to the fourteenth and fifteenth sessions of the Conference on World Peace through Law.

Facilitator for the Workshop on Violence Against Women in the NGO Forum for the Fourth United Nations Conference on Women, 1995.

Deputy Secretary-General of the Chinese Organizing Committee for the 14th LAW ASIA Biennial Conference.

Main publications

China's Judicial System

Survey on China's System of National Regional Autonomy

Protection of the Rights of Ethnic Minorities in China's Judicial System

International Judicial Assistance in China

Commentary on the Provisions on Judicial Assistance in China's Law on Civil Procedure

Role of International Judicial Assistance in the Process of Reform and Opening to the Outside World

Commentary on the Work of the Preparatory Commission on International Sea-bed Authority and International Tribunal for the Law of the Sea

Editor-in-Chief, Collection of Treaties on International Judicial Assistance

Editor-in-Chief, Selections of Laws on Territorial Sea and Contiguous Zones of the Countries Concerned.

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